Python Prediction
==================

PaddlePaddle offers a set of clean prediction interfaces for python with the help of
SWIG. The main steps of predict values in python are:

* Parse training configurations
* Construct GradientMachine
* Prepare data
* Predict

Here is a sample python script that shows the typical prediction process for the
MNIST classification problem. A complete sample code could be found at
:code:`src_root/doc/ui/predict/predict_sample.py`.

..  literalinclude:: ./predict_sample.py
    :language: python
    :lines: 15-18,90-100,101-104

The module that does the most of the job is py_paddle.swig_paddle, it's
generated by SWIG and has complete documents, for more details you can use
python's :code:`help()` function. Let's walk through the above python script:

* At the beginning, use :code:`swig_paddle.initPaddle()` to initialize
  PaddlePaddle with command line arguments, for more about command line arguments
  see `Command Line Arguments <../cmd_argument/detail_introduction.html>`_.
* Parse the configuration file that is used in training with :code:`parse_config()`.
  Because data to predict with always have no label, and output of prediction work
  normally is the output layer rather than the cost layer, so you should modify
  the configuration file accordingly before using it in the prediction work.
* Create a neural network with
  :code:`swig_paddle.GradientMachine.createFromConfigproto()`, which takes the
  parsed configuration :code:`conf.model_config` as argument. Then load the
  trained parameters from the model with :code:`network.loadParameters()`.
* Create a data converter object of utility class :code:`DataProviderConverter`.
    - Note: As swig_paddle can only accept C++ matrices, we offer a utility
      class DataProviderConverter that can accept the same input data with
      PyDataProvider2, for more information please refer to document
      of `PyDataProvider2 <../data_provider/pydataprovider2.html>`_.
* Do the prediction with :code:`forwardTest()`, which takes the converted
  input data and outputs the activations of the output layer.

Here is a typical output:

..  code-block:: text

    [{'id': None, 'value': array([[  5.53018653e-09,   1.12194102e-05,   1.96644767e-09,
          1.43630644e-02,   1.51111044e-13,   9.85625684e-01,
          2.08823112e-10,   2.32777140e-08,   2.00186201e-09,
          1.15501715e-08],
       [  9.99982715e-01,   1.27787406e-10,   1.72296313e-05,
          1.49316648e-09,   1.36540484e-11,   6.93137714e-10,
          2.70634608e-08,   3.48565123e-08,   5.25639710e-09,
          4.48684503e-08]], dtype=float32)}]

:code:`value` is the output of the output layer, each row represents result of
the corresponding row in the input data, each element represents activation of
the corresponding neuron in the output layer.