# Copyright (c) 2020 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """ math functions """ from __future__ import print_function from paddle.common_ops_import import * from ..fluid import layers from ..fluid.framework import core, _varbase_creator, in_dygraph_mode, Variable from ..fluid.layer_helper import LayerHelper from ..fluid.data_feeder import check_variable_and_dtype, check_type, check_dtype, convert_dtype from ..fluid.layers.layer_function_generator import _generate_doc_string_, generate_activation_fn import sys # TODO: define math functions # yapf: disable from ..fluid.layers import abs #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import acos #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import asin #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import ceil #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import cos #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import sinh #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import cosh #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import cumsum #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_add #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_div #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_floordiv #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_max #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_min #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_mod #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_mul #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_pow #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import elementwise_sub #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import exp #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import floor #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import log #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import reciprocal #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import reduce_max #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import reduce_min #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import reduce_prod #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import reduce_sum #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import round #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import rsqrt #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import scale #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import sign #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import square #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import stanh #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import atan #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import erf #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import sqrt #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import sin #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import tanh #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import increment #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import multiplex #DEFINE_ALIAS from ..fluid.layers import sums #DEFINE_ALIAS __all__ = [ 'abs', 'acos', 'asin', 'atan', 'ceil', 'cos', 'cosh', 'cumsum', 'elementwise_add', 'elementwise_div', 'elementwise_floordiv', 'elementwise_max', 'elementwise_min', 'elementwise_mod', 'elementwise_pow', 'elementwise_sub', 'exp', 'floor', 'increment', 'log', 'mul', 'multiplex', 'pow', 'reciprocal', 'reduce_max', 'reduce_min', 'reduce_prod', 'reduce_sum', 'round', 'rsqrt', 'scale', 'sign', 'sin', 'sinh', 'sqrt', 'square', 'stanh', 'sum', 'sums', 'tanh', 'elementwise_sum', 'max', 'min', 'mm', 'div', 'multiply', 'add', 'atan', 'logsumexp', 'inverse', 'log1p', 'erf', 'addcmul', 'addmm', 'clamp', 'trace', 'kron' ] # yapf: enable. @templatedoc() def pow(input, exponent, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.pow :alias: paddle.pow,paddle.tensor.pow,paddle.tensor.math.pow This is Pow Activation Operator. :math:`out = input^{exponent}` Args: input(Variable): A ``Tensor`` or ``LoDTensor`` . The data type is ``float32`` or ``float64``. exponent(float32|Variable): A scalar with type ``float32`` or a ``Tensor`` with shape [1] and type ``float32``. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: Variable: A ``Tensor`` or ``LoDTensor``. The data type is same as ``input``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[32,32], dtype="float32") # example 1: argument exponent is float y_1 = paddle.pow(x, 2.0) # y_1 is x^{2.0} # example 2: argument exponent is Variable exponent_tensor = fluid.layers.fill_constant([1], "float32", 3.0) y_2 = paddle.pow(x, exponent_tensor) # y_2 is x^{3.0} """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.pow(input, "exponent", exponent) helper = LayerHelper('pow', **locals()) inputs = {'X': input} attrs = {} if isinstance(exponent, Variable): exponent.stop_gradient = True inputs['FactorTensor'] = exponent else: attrs['factor'] = exponent out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=input.dtype) check_dtype( out.dtype, out.name, convert_dtype(input.dtype), 'pow', '(The out data type in pow must be the same with input data type.)') helper.append_op( type='pow', inputs=inputs, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs=attrs) return out @dygraph_only def _elementwise_op_in_dygraph(x, y, axis=-1, act=None, use_mkldnn=False, op_name=None): op = getattr(core.ops, op_name) out = op(x, y, 'axis', axis, 'use_mkldnn', use_mkldnn) return dygraph_utils._append_activation_in_dygraph( out, act, use_mkldnn=use_mkldnn) def _elementwise_op(helper): op_type = helper.layer_type original_op_type = helper.kwargs.get('original_op_type', op_type) x = helper.kwargs.get('x', None) y = helper.kwargs.get('y', None) assert x is not None, 'x cannot be None in {}'.format(original_op_type) assert y is not None, 'y cannot be None in {}'.format(original_op_type) check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'x', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], original_op_type) check_variable_and_dtype( y, 'y', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], original_op_type) axis = helper.kwargs.get('axis', -1) use_mkldnn = helper.kwargs.get('use_mkldnn', False) name = helper.kwargs.get('name', None) if name is None: out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=x.dtype) else: out = helper.create_variable( name=name, dtype=x.dtype, persistable=False) helper.append_op( type=op_type, inputs={'X': x, 'Y': y}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={'axis': axis, 'use_mkldnn': use_mkldnn}) return helper.append_activation(out) def add(x, y, alpha=1, name=None): """ Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np def gen_data(): return { "x": np.array([2, 3, 4]).astype('float32'), "y": np.array([1, 5, 2]).astype('float32') } x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[3], dtype='float32') y = fluid.data(name="y", shape=[3], dtype='float32') z1 = paddle.add(x, y) z2 = paddle.add(x, y, alpha=10) # z = x + y place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) z_value = exe.run(feed=gen_data(), fetch_list=[z1.name, z2.name]) print(z_value[0]) # [3., 8., 6.] print(z_value[1]) # [12. 53. 24.] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np def gen_data(): return { "x": np.ones((2, 3, 4, 5)).astype('float32'), "y": np.zeros((4, 5)).astype('float32') } x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[2, 3, 4, 5], dtype='float32') y = fluid.data(name="y", shape=[4, 5], dtype='float32') z = paddle.add(x, y, name='z') # z = x + y place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) z_value = exe.run(feed=gen_data(), fetch_list=[z.name]) print(z_value[0]) print(z_value[0].shape) # z.shape=[2,3,4,5] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np def gen_data(): return { "x": np.random.randint(1, 5, size=[2, 3, 4, 5]).astype('float32'), "y": np.random.randint(1, 5, size=[5]).astype('float32') } x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[2,3,4,5], dtype='float32') y = fluid.data(name="y", shape=[5], dtype='float32') z = paddle.add(x, y) # z = x / y place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) z_value = exe.run(feed=gen_data(), fetch_list=[z.name]) print(z_value[0]) print(z_value[0].shape) # z.shape=[2,3,4,5] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[3], dtype="float32") y = fluid.data(name='y', shape=[3], dtype='float32') z = paddle.add(x, y) place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) data1 = np.array([2, 3, 4], dtype='float32') data2 = np.array([1, 5, 2], dtype='float32') z_value = exe.run(feed={'x': data1, 'y': data2}, fetch_list=[z]) print(z_value[0]) # [3. 8. 6.] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(): np_x = np.array([2, 3, 4]).astype('float64') np_y = np.array([1, 5, 2]).astype('float64') x = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(np_x) y = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(np_y) z = paddle.add(x, y, alpha=-0.5) np_z = z.numpy() print(np_z) # [1.5, 0.5, 3. ] """ op_type = 'elementwise_add' axis = -1 act = None if alpha != 1: y = scale(y, scale=alpha) if in_dygraph_mode(): return _elementwise_op_in_dygraph( x, y, axis=axis, act=act, op_name=op_type) return _elementwise_op(LayerHelper(op_type, **locals())) def div(x, y, name=None): """ Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np def gen_data(): return { "x": np.array([2, 3, 4]).astype('float32'), "y": np.array([1, 5, 2]).astype('float32') } x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[3], dtype='float32') y = fluid.data(name="y", shape=[3], dtype='float32') z = paddle.div(x, y) # z = x / y place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) z_value = exe.run(feed=gen_data(), fetch_list=[z.name]) print(z_value) # [2., 0.6, 2.] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np def gen_data(): return { "x": np.ones((2, 3, 4, 5)).astype('float32'), "y": np.zeros((4, 5)).astype('float32') } x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[2, 3, 4, 5], dtype='float32') y = fluid.data(name="y", shape=[4, 5], dtype='float32') z = paddle.div(x, y, name='z') # z = x / y place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) z_value = exe.run(feed=gen_data(), fetch_list=[z.name]) print(z_value[0]) print(z_value[0].shape) # z.shape=[2,3,4,5] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np def gen_data(): return { "x": np.random.randint(1, 5, size=[2, 3, 4, 5]).astype('float32'), "y": np.random.randint(1, 5, size=[5]).astype('float32') } x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[2,3,4,5], dtype='float32') y = fluid.data(name="y", shape=[5], dtype='float32') z = paddle.div(x, y) # z = x / y place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) z_value = exe.run(feed=gen_data(), fetch_list=[z.name]) print(z_value[0]) print(z_value[0].shape) # z.shape=[2,3,4,5] .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(fluid.CPUPlace()): np_x = np.array([2, 3, 4]).astype('float64') np_y = np.array([1, 5, 2]).astype('float64') x = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(np_x) y = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(np_y) z = paddle.div(x, y) np_z = z.numpy() print(np_z) # [2., 0.6, 2.] """ op_type = 'elementwise_div' axis = -1 act = None if in_dygraph_mode(): return _elementwise_op_in_dygraph( x, y, axis=axis, act=act, op_name=op_type) return _elementwise_op(LayerHelper(op_type, **locals())) def multiply(x, y, axis=-1, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.multiply :alias: paddle.multiply,paddle.tensor.multiply,paddle.tensor.math.multiply Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import numpy as np paddle.enable_imperative() x_data = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], dtype=np.float32) y_data = np.array([[5, 6], [7, 8]], dtype=np.float32) x = paddle.imperative.to_variable(x_data) y = paddle.imperative.to_variable(y_data) res = paddle.multiply(x, y) print(res.numpy()) # [[5, 12], [21, 32]] x_data = np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]], dtype=np.float32) y_data = np.array([1, 2], dtype=np.float32) x = paddle.imperative.to_variable(x_data) y = paddle.imperative.to_variable(y_data) res = paddle.multiply(x, y, axis=1) print(res.numpy()) # [[[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6]]] """ op_type = 'elementwise_mul' act = None if in_dygraph_mode(): return _elementwise_op_in_dygraph( x, y, axis=axis, act=act, op_name=op_type) return _elementwise_op(LayerHelper(op_type, **locals())) for func in [ add, div, multiply, ]: proto_dict = {'add': 'elementwise_add', 'div': 'elementwise_div', 'multiply': 'elementwise_mul'} op_proto = OpProtoHolder.instance().get_op_proto(proto_dict[func.__name__]) if func.__name__ in ['add']: alias_main = ':alias_main: paddle.%(func)s' % {'func': func.__name__} alias = ':alias: paddle.%(func)s, paddle.tensor.%(func)s, paddle.tensor.math.%(func)s' % {'func': func.__name__} additional_args_lines = [ "alpha (int|float, optional): The alpha factor of the input. Default is 1. If alpha is not 1, the equation becomes Out = X + alpha * Y.", "name (string, optional): Name of the output. \ Default is None. It's used to print debug info for developers. Details: \ :ref:`api_guide_Name` " ] else: additional_args_lines = [ "name (string, optional): Name of the output. \ Default is None. It's used to print debug info for developers. Details: \ :ref:`api_guide_Name` " ] func.__doc__ = alias_main + """\n""" + alias + """\n""" + _generate_doc_string_( op_proto, additional_args_lines=additional_args_lines, skip_attrs_set={"x_data_format", "y_data_format", "axis", "use_quantizer", "mkldnn_data_type", "Scale_x", "Scale_y", "Scale_out" }) + """\n""" + str(func.__doc__) def sum(input, dim=None, dtype=None, keep_dim=False, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.sum :alias: paddle.sum,paddle.tensor.sum,paddle.tensor.math.sum Computes the sum of tensor elements over the given dimension. Args: input (Variable): The input variable which is a Tensor, the data type is float32, float64, int32, int64. dim (list|int, optional): The dimensions along which the sum is performed. If :attr:`None`, sum all elements of :attr:`input` and return a Tensor variable with a single element, otherwise must be in the range :math:`[-rank(input), rank(input))`. If :math:`dim[i] < 0`, the dimension to reduce is :math:`rank + dim[i]`. dtype(str, optional): The dtype of output tensor. The default value is None, the dtype of output is the same as input tensor. keep_dim (bool, optional): Whether to reserve the reduced dimension in the output Tensor. The result tensor will have one fewer dimension than the :attr:`input` unless :attr:`keep_dim` is true, default value is False. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: Tensor, results of summation operation on the specified dim of input tensor, it's data type is the same as input's Tensor. Raises: ValueError, the :attr:`dtype` must be float64 or int64. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid # x is a Tensor variable with following elements: # [[0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9] # [0.1, 0.2, 0.6, 0.7]] # Each example is followed by the corresponding output tensor. x = fluid.data(name='x', shape=[2, 4], dtype='float32') out1 = paddle.sum(x) # [3.5] out2 = paddle.sum(x, dim=0) # [0.3, 0.5, 1.1, 1.6] out3 = paddle.sum(x, dim=-1) # [1.9, 1.6] out4 = paddle.sum(x, dim=1, keep_dim=True) # [[1.9], [1.6]] # y is a Tensor variable with shape [2, 2, 2] and elements as below: # [[[1, 2], [3, 4]], # [[5, 6], [7, 8]]] # Each example is followed by the corresponding output tensor. y = fluid.data(name='y', shape=[2, 2, 2], dtype='float32') out5 = paddle.sum(y, dim=[1, 2]) # [10, 26] out6 = paddle.sum(y, dim=[0, 1]) # [16, 20] """ if dim is not None and not isinstance(dim, list): dim = [dim] attrs = { 'dim': dim if dim != None and dim != [] else [0], 'keep_dim': keep_dim, 'reduce_all': True if dim == None or dim == [] else False, } dtype_flag = False if dtype is not None: if dtype in ['float64', 'int64']: if (convert_dtype(input.dtype) == "float32" and dtype == "float64") or \ (convert_dtype(input.dtype) == "int32" and dtype == "int64"): attrs.update({ 'in_dtype': input.dtype, 'out_dtype': convert_np_dtype_to_dtype_(dtype) }) dtype_flag = True else: raise ValueError( "The value of 'dtype' in sum op must be float64, int64, but received of {}". format(dtype)) if in_dygraph_mode(): reduce_all = True if dim == None or dim == [] else False dim = dim if dim != None and dim != [] else [0] if dtype_flag: return core.ops.reduce_sum(input, 'dim', dim, 'keep_dim', keep_dim, 'reduce_all', reduce_all, 'in_dtype', input.dtype, 'out_dtype', convert_np_dtype_to_dtype_(dtype)) else: return core.ops.reduce_sum(input, 'dim', dim, 'keep_dim', keep_dim, 'reduce_all', reduce_all) check_variable_and_dtype( input, 'input', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'reduce_sum') helper = LayerHelper('sum', **locals()) if dtype_flag: out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=convert_np_dtype_to_dtype_(dtype)) else: out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=input.dtype) helper.append_op( type='reduce_sum', inputs={'X': input}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs=attrs) return out @templatedoc(op_type="sum") def elementwise_sum(inputs, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.elementwise_sum :alias: paddle.elementwise_sum,paddle.tensor.elementwise_sum,paddle.tensor.math.elementwise_sum ${comment} Case 1: :: Input: Input. Shape = [2, 3] Input = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] Output: The output. Shape = [2, 3] Output = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] Case 2: :: Input: First input: Input1. Shape = [2, 3] Input1 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] The second input: Input2. Shape = [2, 3] Input2 = [[7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]] Output: The output. Shape = [2, 3] Output = [[8, 10, 12], [14, 16, 18]] Args: inputs (Variable|list(Variable)): A Varaible list. The shape and data type of the list elementsshould be consistent. Variable can be multi-dimensional Tensoror LoDTensor, and data types can be: float32, float64, int32, int64. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: the sum of input :math:`inputs` . its shape and data types are consistent with :math:`inputs` . Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid input0 = fluid.layers.fill_constant(shape=[2, 3], dtype='int64', value=5) input1 = fluid.layers.fill_constant(shape=[2, 3], dtype='int64', value=3) sum = paddle.elementwise_sum([input0, input1]) # You can print out 'sum' via executor. out = fluid.layers.Print(sum, message="the sum of input0 and input1: ") exe = fluid.Executor(fluid.CPUPlace()) exe.run(fluid.default_main_program()) # The printed result is: # 1570701754 the sum of input0 and input1: The place is:CPUPlace # Tensor[elementwise_sum_0.tmp_0] # shape: [2,3,] # dtype: l # data: 8,8,8,8,8,8, # the sum of input0 and input1 is 2-D Tensor with shape [2,3]. # dtype is the corresponding C++ data type, which may vary in different environments. # Eg: if the data type of tensor is int64, then the corresponding C++ data type is int64_t, # so the dtype value is typeid(int64_t).Name(), which is 'x' on MacOS, 'l' on Linux, # and '__int64' on Windows. They both represent 64-bit integer variables. """ helper = LayerHelper('elementwise_sum', **locals()) check_type(inputs, 'inputs', (Variable, tuple, list), 'elementwise_sum') if isinstance(inputs, list) or isinstance(inputs, tuple): if len(inputs) > 0: for input in inputs: check_variable_and_dtype(input, "inputs", \ ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'elementwise_sum') else: check_variable_and_dtype(inputs, "inputs", \ ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'elementwise_sum') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=helper.input_dtype('inputs')) helper.append_op( type='sum', inputs={'X': inputs}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={'use_mkldnn': False}) return out def mm(input, mat2, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.mm :alias: paddle.mm,paddle.tensor.mm,paddle.tensor.math.mm Applies matrix multiplication to two tensors. Currently, the input tensors' rank can be any, but when the rank of any inputs is bigger than 3, this two inputs' rank should be equal. Also note that if the raw tensor :math:`x` or :math:`mat2` is rank-1 and nontransposed, the prepended or appended dimension :math:`1` will be removed after matrix multiplication. Args: x (Variable): The input variable which is a Tensor or LoDTensor. mat2 (Variable): The input variable which is a Tensor or LoDTensor. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: The product Tensor (or LoDTensor) variable. Examples: .. code-block:: python # Examples to clarify shapes of the inputs and output # x: [B, ..., M, K], mat2: [B, ..., K, N] # fluid.layers.matmul(x, mat2) # out: [B, ..., M, N] # x: [B, M, K], mat2: [B, K, N] # fluid.layers.matmul(x, mat2) # out: [B, M, N] # x: [B, M, K], mat2: [K, N] # fluid.layers.matmul(x, mat2) # out: [B, M, N] # x: [M, K], mat2: [K, N] # fluid.layers.matmul(x, mat2) # out: [M, N] # x: [B, M, K], mat2: [K] # fluid.layers.matmul(x, mat2) # out: [B, M] # x: [K], mat2: [K] # fluid.layers.matmul(x, mat2) # out: [1] import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid x = fluid.data(name='x', shape=[2, 3], dtype='float32') mat2 = fluid.data(name='mat2', shape=[3, 2], dtype='float32') out = paddle.mm(x, mat2) # out shape is [2, 2] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): out = _varbase_creator(dtype=input.dtype) core.ops.matmul(input, mat2, out) return out def __check_input(x, y): var_names = {'x': x, 'y': y} for name, val in var_names.items(): check_variable_and_dtype(val, name, ['float16', 'float32', 'float64'], 'mm') x_shape = list(x.shape) y_shape = list(y.shape) if len(x_shape) == 1: x_shape = [1] + x_shape if len(y_shape) == 1: y_shape = y_shape + [1] # check the inner 2 dimensions if x_shape[-1] != y_shape[-2]: if not ((x_shape[-1] == -1) or (y_shape[-2] == -1)): raise ValueError( "After performing an optional transpose, Input X's width should be " "equal to Y's width for multiplication " "prerequisites. But received X's shape: %s, Y's shape: %s\n" % (x_shape, y_shape)) if len(y_shape) > 2 and len(x_shape) > 2: for i, dim_x in enumerate(x_shape[:-2]): # don't check neg shape if dim_x < 0 or y_shape[i] < 0: continue if dim_x != y_shape[i]: raise ValueError( "When the matrix is larger than 2 dimensions, the higher " "dimensional values of the two matrices need to be equal. " "But received x_shape[%d] != y_shape[%d]. X's shape: %s, " "Y's shape: %s.\n" % (i, i, x_shape, y_shape)) __check_input(input, mat2) helper = LayerHelper('mm', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=input.dtype) helper.append_op( type='matmul', inputs={'X': input, 'Y': mat2}, outputs={'Out': out}) return out def addmm(input, x, y, beta=1.0, alpha=1.0, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.addmm :alias: paddle.addmm,paddle.tensor.addmm,paddle.tensor.math.addmm **addmm** This operator is used to perform matrix multiplication for input $x$ and $y$. $input$ is added to the final result. The equation is: .. math:: Out = alpha * x * y + beta * input $Input$, $x$ and $y$ can carry the LoD (Level of Details) information, or not. But the output only shares the LoD information with input $input$. Args: input (Variable): The input Tensor/LoDTensor to be added to the final result. x (Variable): The first input Tensor/LoDTensor for matrix multiplication. y (Variable): The second input Tensor/LoDTensor for matrix multiplication. beta (float): Coefficient of $input$. alpha (float): Coefficient of $x*y$. name (str, optional): Name of the output. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Default is None. Returns: Variable(Tensor/LoDTensor): The output Tensor/LoDTensor of addmm op. Examples: .. code-block:: python import numpy as np import paddle data_x = np.ones((2, 2)).astype(np.float32) data_y = np.ones((2, 2)).astype(np.float32) data_input = np.ones((2, 2)).astype(np.float32) paddle.enable_imperative() x = paddle.imperative.to_variable(data_x) y = paddle.imperative.to_variable(data_y) input = paddle.imperative.to_variable(data_input) out = paddle.tensor.addmm( input=input, x=x, y=y, beta=0.5, alpha=5.0 ) print( out.numpy() ) # [[10.5 10.5] # [10.5 10.5]] """ input_shape = input.shape x_shape = x.shape y_shape = y.shape if not len(input_shape) == len(x_shape) == len(y_shape) == 2: raise ValueError("The dimention of input, x, y should be 2 but receive input's shape: {}, x's shape: {}, y's shape: {}".format(input_shape, x_shape, y_shape)) if input_shape[0] != x_shape[0]: if input_shape[0] != 1: raise ValueError( "When x's dimension[0] is not equal with input's dimension[0], input's dimension[0] must be 1 but got {}".format(input_shape[0])) if input_shape[1] != y_shape[1] and input_shape[1] != 1: raise ValueError( "When y's dimension[1] is not equal with input's dimension[1], input's dimension[1] must be 1 but got {}".format(input_shape[1])) if input_shape[1] != y_shape[1]: if input_shape[1] != 1: raise ValueError( "When y's dimension[1] is not equal with input's dimension[1], input's dimension[1] must be 1 but got {}".format(input_shape[1])) if input_shape[0] != x_shape[0] and input_shape[0] != 1: raise ValueError( "When x's dimension[0] is not equal with input's dimension[0], input's dimension[0] must be 1 but got {}".format(input_shape[0])) if x_shape[1] != y_shape[0]: raise ValueError("The input Variable x's width must be equal with Variable y' height. But received x's shape = {}, y's shape = {}.".format(x_shape, y_shape)) if in_dygraph_mode(): out = core.ops.addmm(input, x, y, "Alpha", alpha, "Beta", beta) return out inputs = {'Input': input, "X": x, "Y": y} attrs = {'Alpha': alpha, 'Beta': beta} helper = LayerHelper("addmm", **locals()) check_variable_and_dtype(input, 'Input', ['float32', 'float64'], 'addmm') check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'X', ['float32', 'float64'], 'addmm') check_variable_and_dtype(y, 'Y', ['float32', 'float64'], 'addmm') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=x.dtype) helper.append_op( type="addmm", inputs=inputs, attrs=attrs, outputs={"Out": out}) return out def logsumexp(x, dim=None, keepdim=False, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.logsumexp :alias: paddle.logsumexp,paddle.tensor.logsumexp,paddle.tensor.math.logsumexp This operator calculates the log of the sum of exponentials of the input Tensor. .. math:: logsumexp(x) = \log\sum exp(x) Parameters: x (Variable): Input LoDTensor or Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64. dim (list|int, optional): The dimensions along which the sum is performed. If :attr:`None`, sum all elements of :attr:`input` and return a Tensor variable with a single element, otherwise must be in the range :math:`[-rank(input), rank(input))`. If :math:`dim[i] < 0`, the dimension to reduce is :math:`rank + dim[i]`. keep_dim (bool, optional): Whether to reserve the reduced dimension in the output Tensor. The result tensor will have one fewer dimension than the :attr:`input` unless :attr:`keep_dim` is true, default value is False. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: The calcuated result Tensor/LoDTensor. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(): np_x = np.random.uniform(0.1, 1, [10]).astype(np.float32) x = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(np_x) print(paddle.logsumexp(x).numpy()) .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(): np_x = np.random.uniform(0.1, 1, [2, 3, 4]).astype(np.float32) x = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(np_x) print(paddle.logsumexp(x, dim=1).numpy()) print(paddle.logsumexp(x, dim=[0, 2]).numpy()) """ op_type = 'logsumexp' assert x is not None, 'x cannot be None in {}'.format(op_type) # reduce_sum does not support float16 check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', ['float32', 'float64'], op_type) exp_out = layers.exp(x) sum_out = layers.reduce_sum(exp_out, dim, keepdim) return layers.log(sum_out, name) def inverse(input, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.inverse :alias: paddle.inverse,paddle.tensor.inverse,paddle.tensor.math.inverse Takes the inverse of the square matrix. A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns. The input can be a square matrix (2-D Tensor) or batches of square matrices. Args: input (Variable): The input Variable which holds a Tensor. The last two dimensions should be equal. When the number of dimensions is greater than 2, it is treated as batches of square matrix. The data type can be float32 and float64. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: A Tensor holds the inverse of input. The shape and data type is the same as input. Examples: .. code-block:: python import numpy as np import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid mat_np = np.array([[2, 0], [0, 2]]).astype("float32") # example for static graph input = fluid.data("input", shape=[2, 2], dtype="float32") out = paddle.inverse(input) place = fluid.CPUPlace() exe = fluid.Executor(place) results = exe.run(feed={"input": mat_np }, fetch_list=[out.name]) print(results[0]) # [[0.5, 0], [0, 0.5]] # example for dynamic graph with fluid.dygraph.guard(): mat = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(mat_np) inv = paddle.inverse(mat) print(inv) # [[0.5, 0], [0, 0.5]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.inverse(input) def _check_input(input): check_variable_and_dtype(input, 'input', ['float32', 'float64'], 'inverse') if len(input.shape) < 2: raise ValueError( "The input of inverse is expected to be a Tensor whose number " "of dimensions is no less than 2. But reviced: %d, " "input's shape: %s." % (len(input.shape), input.shape)) _check_input(input) helper = LayerHelper('inverse', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=input.dtype) helper.append_op( type='inverse', inputs={'Input': [input] }, outputs={'Output': [out]}) return out def max(input, dim=None, keep_dim=False, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.max :alias: paddle.max,paddle.tensor.max,paddle.tensor.math.max Computes the maximum of tensor elements over the given dimension. Args: input (Variable): The input variable which is a Tensor, the data type is float32, float64, int32, int64. dim (list|int, optional): The dimension along which the maximum is computed. If :attr:`None`, compute the maximum over all elements of :attr:`input` and return a Tensor variable with a single element, otherwise must be in the range :math:`[-rank(input), rank(input))`. If :math:`dim[i] < 0`, the dimension to reduce is :math:`rank + dim[i]`. keep_dim (bool, optional): Whether to reserve the reduced dimension in the output Tensor. The result tensor will have one fewer dimension than the :attr:`input` unless :attr:`keep_dim` is true, default value is False. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: Tensor, results of maximum on the specified dim of input tensor, it's data type is the same as input's Tensor. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid # x is a Tensor variable with following elements: # [[0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9] # [0.1, 0.2, 0.6, 0.7]] # Each example is followed by the corresponding output tensor. x = fluid.data(name='x', shape=[2, 4], dtype='float32') paddle.max(x) # [0.9] paddle.max(x, dim=0) # [0.2, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9] paddle.max(x, dim=-1) # [0.9, 0.7] paddle.max(x, dim=1, keep_dim=True) # [[0.9], [0.7]] # y is a Tensor variable with shape [2, 2, 2] and elements as below: # [[[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]], # [[5.0, 6.0], [7.0, 8.0]]] # Each example is followed by the corresponding output tensor. y = fluid.data(name='y', shape=[2, 2, 2], dtype='float32') paddle.max(y, dim=[1, 2]) # [4.0, 8.0] paddle.max(y, dim=[0, 1]) # [7.0, 8.0] """ helper = LayerHelper('max', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=helper.input_dtype()) if dim is not None and not isinstance(dim, list): dim = [dim] check_variable_and_dtype( input, 'input', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'max') reduce_all = True if dim == None or dim == [] else False dim = dim if dim != None and dim != [] else [0] if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.reduce_max(input, 'dim', dim, 'keep_dim', keep_dim, 'reduce_all', reduce_all) helper.append_op( type='reduce_max', inputs={'X': input}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={ 'dim': dim, 'keep_dim': keep_dim, 'reduce_all': reduce_all }) return out def min(input, dim=None, keep_dim=False, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.min :alias: paddle.min,paddle.tensor.min,paddle.tensor.math.min Computes the minimum of tensor elements over the given dimension. Args: input (Variable): The input variable which is a Tensor, the data type is float32, float64, int32, int64. dim (list|int, optional): The dimensions along which the minimum is computed. If :attr:`None`, compute the minimum over all elements of :attr:`input` and return a Tensor variable with a single element, otherwise must be in the range :math:`[-rank(input), rank(input))`. If :math:`dim[i] < 0`, the dimension to reduce is :math:`rank + dim[i]`. keep_dim (bool, optional): Whether to reserve the reduced dimension in the output Tensor. The result tensor will have one fewer dimension than the :attr:`input` unless :attr:`keep_dim` is true, default value is False. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: Tensor, result of minimum on the specified dim of input tensor, it's data type is the same as input's Tensor. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid # x is a Tensor variable with following elements: # [[0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9] # [0.1, 0.2, 0.6, 0.7]] # Each example is followed by the corresponding output tensor. x = fluid.data(name='x', shape=[2, 4], dtype='float32') paddle.min(x) # [0.1] paddle.min(x, dim=0) # [0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7] paddle.min(x, dim=-1) # [0.2, 0.1] paddle.min(x, dim=1, keep_dim=True) # [[0.2], [0.1]] # y is a Tensor variable with shape [2, 2, 2] and elements as below: # [[[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]], # [[5.0, 6.0], [7.0, 8.0]]] # Each example is followed by the corresponding output tensor. y = fluid.data(name='y', shape=[2, 2, 2], dtype='float32') paddle.min(y, dim=[1, 2]) # [1.0, 5.0] paddle.min(y, dim=[0, 1]) # [1.0, 2.0] """ helper = LayerHelper('min', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=helper.input_dtype()) if dim is not None and not isinstance(dim, list): dim = [dim] check_variable_and_dtype( input, 'input', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'max') reduce_all = True if dim == None or dim == [] else False dim = dim if dim != None and dim != [] else [0] if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.reduce_min(input, 'dim', dim, 'keep_dim', keep_dim, 'reduce_all', reduce_all) helper.append_op( type='reduce_min', inputs={'X': input}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={ 'dim': dim, 'keep_dim': keep_dim, 'reduce_all': reduce_all }) return out def log1p(x, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.log1p :alias: paddle.log1p,paddle.tensor.log1p,paddle.tensor.math.log1p Calculates the natural log of the given input tensor, element-wise. .. math:: Out = \\ln(x+1) Args: x (Variable): Input LoDTensor or Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` Returns: Variable: The natural log of the input LoDTensor or Tensor computed element-wise. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np # Graph Organizing x = fluid.data(name="x", shape=[2,1], dtype="float32") res = paddle.log1p(x) # Create an executor using CPU as an example exe = fluid.Executor(fluid.CPUPlace()) # Execute x_i = np.array([[0], [1]]).astype(np.float32) res_val, = exe.run(fluid.default_main_program(), feed={'x':x_i}, fetch_list=[res]) print(res_val) # [[0.], [0.6931472]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.log1p(x) check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', ['float32', 'float64'], "log1p") inputs = {'X': [x]} helper = LayerHelper('log1p', **locals()) dtype = helper.input_dtype(input_param_name='x') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) helper.append_op(type="log1p", inputs={"X": x}, outputs={"Out": out}) return out def addcmul(input, tensor1, tensor2, value=1.0, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.addcmul :alias: paddle.addcmul,paddle.tensor.addcmul,paddle.tensor.math.addcmul Calculate the element-wise multiplication of tensor1 and tensor2, then multiply the result by value, and add it to input. The shape of input, tensor1, tensor2 should be broadcastable. The equation is: .. math:: out = input + value * tensor1 * tensor2 Args: input(Variable): The input to be added. A Tensor with type float32, float64, int32, int64. tensor1(Variable): The tensor to be multiplied. A Tensor with type float32, float64, int32, int64. tensor2(Variable): The tensor to be multiplied. A Tensor with type float32, float64, int32, int64. value(int|float): The multiplier for tensor1*tensor2. For float32 and float64 type input, value must be float, otherwise an integer. name(str, Optional): For details, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Generally, no setting is required. Default: None. Returns: out(Variable): The output result. A Tensor with the same data type as input's. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid input = fluid.data(name='input', dtype='float32', shape=[3, 4]) tensor1 = fluid.data(name='tenosr1', dtype='float32', shape=[1, 4]) tensor2 = fluid.data(name='tensor2', dtype='float32', shape=[3, 4]) data = paddle.addcmul(input, tensor1, tensor2, value=1.0) """ check_variable_and_dtype(input, 'input', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'addcmul') check_variable_and_dtype(tensor1, 'tensor1', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'addcmul') check_variable_and_dtype(tensor2, 'tensor2', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'addcmul') if convert_dtype(input.dtype) in ['float32', 'float64']: check_type(value, 'value', float, 'addcmul') if convert_dtype(input.dtype) in ['int32', 'int64']: check_type(value, 'value', int, 'addcmul') out = layers.elementwise_add(input, layers.elementwise_mul(tensor1, tensor2) * value) return out def clamp(input, min=None, max=None, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.clamp :alias: paddle.clamp,paddle.tensor.clamp,paddle.tensor.math.clamp **clampe layer** This operator clamps all elements in input into the range [ min, max ] and return a resulting tensor as the following equation: .. math:: Out = MIN(MAX(x, min), max) Args: input (Variable): An input N-D Tensor or LoDTensor with data type float32, float64. min (float32|Variable): The lower bound with type ``float32`` or a ``Tensor`` with shape [1] and type ``int32``, ``float32``, ``float64``. max (float32|Variable): The upper bound with type ``float32`` or a ``Tensor`` with shape [1] and type ``int32``, ``float32``, ``float64``. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: Variable: A Tensor or LodTensor with the same data type and data shape as input's. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np in1 = np.array([[1.2,3.5], [4.5,6.4]]).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x1 = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(in1) out1 = paddle.tensor.clamp(x1, min=3.5, max=5.0) out2 = paddle.tensor.clamp(x1, min=2.5) print(out1.numpy()) # [[3.5, 3.5] # [4.5, 5.0]] print(out2.numpy()) # [[2.5, 3.5] # [[4.5, 6.4] """ assert min is not None or max is not None, "either min or max should be defined." if in_dygraph_mode(): min = sys.float_info.min if min is None else min max = sys.float_info.max if max is None else max return core.ops.clip(input, "min", min, "max", max) if min is not None: check_type(min, 'min', (float, Variable), 'clamp') if isinstance(min, Variable): check_dtype(min.dtype, 'min', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32'], 'clamp', '(When the type of min in clamp is Variable.)') if max is not None: check_type(max, 'max', (float, Variable), 'clamp') if isinstance(max, Variable): check_dtype(max.dtype, 'max', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32'], 'clamp', '(When the type of max in clamp is Variable.)') inputs = {'X': input} attrs = {'min': sys.float_info.min, 'max': sys.float_info.max} if isinstance(min, Variable): min.stop_gradient = True inputs['Min'] = min elif min is not None: attrs['min'] = min if isinstance(max, Variable): max.stop_gradient = True inputs['Max'] = max elif max is not None: attrs['max'] = max helper = LayerHelper('clamp', **locals()) output = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=helper.input_dtype()) helper.append_op( type='clip', inputs=inputs, outputs={'Out': [output]}, attrs=attrs) return output def trace(x, offset=0, axis1=0, axis2=1, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.trace :alias: paddle.trace,paddle.tensor.trace,paddle.tensor.math.trace This OP computes the sum along diagonals of the input tensor x. If ``x`` is 2D, returns the sum of diagonal. If ``x`` has larger dimensions, then returns an tensor of diagonals sum, diagonals be taken from the 2D planes specified by axis1 and axis2. By default, the 2D planes formed by the first and second axes of the input tensor x. The argument ``offset`` determines where diagonals are taken from input tensor x: - If offset = 0, it is the main diagonal. - If offset > 0, it is above the main diagonal. - If offset < 0, it is below the main diagonal. Args: x(Variable): The input tensor x. Must be at least 2-dimensional. The input data type should be float32, float64, int32, int64. offset(int, optional): Which diagonals in input tensor x will be taken. Default: 0 (main diagonals). axis1(int, optional): The first axis with respect to take diagonal. Default: 0. axis2(int, optional): The second axis with respect to take diagonal. Default: 1. name (str, optional): Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Default: None. Returns: Variable: the output data type is the same as input data type. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import numpy as np case1 = np.random.randn(2, 3).astype('float32') case2 = np.random.randn(3, 10, 10).astype('float32') case3 = np.random.randn(3, 10, 5, 10).astype('float32') paddle.enable_imperative() case1 = paddle.imperative.to_variable(case1) case2 = paddle.imperative.to_variable(case2) case3 = paddle.imperative.to_variable(case3) data1 = paddle.trace(case1) # data1.shape = [1] data2 = paddle.trace(case2, offset=1, axis1=1, axis2=2) # data2.shape = [3] data3 = paddle.trace(case3, offset=-3, axis1=1, axis2=-1) # data2.shape = [3, 5] """ inputs = {'Input': [x]} attrs = {'offset': offset, 'axis1': axis1, 'axis2': axis2} def __check_input(input, offset, dim1, dim2): check_dtype(x.dtype, 'Input', ['int32', 'int64', 'float16', 'float32', 'float64'], 'trace') input_shape = list(x.shape) assert len(input_shape) >= 2, \ "The x must be at least 2-dimensional, " \ "But received Input x's dimensional: %s.\n" % \ len(input_shape) axis1_ = axis1 if axis1 >= 0 else len(input_shape) + axis1 axis2_ = axis2 if axis2 >= 0 else len(input_shape) + axis2 assert axis1_ < len(input_shape), \ "The argument axis1 is out of range (expected to be in range of [%d, %d], but got %d).\n" \ % (-(len(input_shape)), len(input_shape) - 1, axis1) assert axis2_ < len(input_shape), \ "The argument axis2 is out of range (expected to be in range of [%d, %d], but got %d).\n" \ % (-(len(input_shape)), len(input_shape) - 1, axis2) assert axis1_ != axis2_, \ "axis1 and axis2 cannot be the same axis." \ "But received axis1 = %d, axis2 = %d\n"%(axis1, axis2) if not in_dygraph_mode(): __check_input(input, offset, axis1, axis2) helper = LayerHelper('trace', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=x.dtype) helper.append_op( type='trace', inputs={'Input': [x]}, attrs={'offset': offset, 'axis1': axis1, 'axis2': axis2}, outputs={'Out': [out]}) return out @templatedoc(op_type="kron") def kron(x, y, name=None): """ :alias_main: paddle.kron :alias: paddle.kron,paddle.tensor.kron,paddle.tensor.math.kron ${comment} Args: x (Variable): the fist operand of kron op, data type: float16, float32, float64, int32 or int64. y (Variable): the second operand of kron op, data type: float16, float32, float64, int32 or int64. Its data type should be the same with x. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: Variable: The output of kron op, data type: float16, float32, float64, int32 or int64. Its data is the same with x. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle from paddle import fluid import paddle.fluid.dygraph as dg import numpy as np a = np.arange(1, 5).reshape(2, 2).astype(np.float32) b = np.arange(1, 10).reshape(3, 3).astype(np.float32) place = fluid.CPUPlace() with dg.guard(place): a_var = dg.to_variable(a) b_var = dg.to_variable(b) c_var = paddle.kron(a_var, b_var) c_np = c_var.numpy() print(c_np) #[[ 1. 2. 3. 2. 4. 6.] # [ 4. 5. 6. 8. 10. 12.] # [ 7. 8. 9. 14. 16. 18.] # [ 3. 6. 9. 4. 8. 12.] # [12. 15. 18. 16. 20. 24.] # [21. 24. 27. 28. 32. 36.]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.kron(x, y) helper = LayerHelper('kron', **locals()) check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'kron') check_variable_and_dtype(y, 'y', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'kron') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=x.dtype) helper.append_op(type="kron", inputs={"X": x, "Y": y}, outputs={"Out": out}) return out