# Copyright (c) 2020 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # TODO: define the distribution functions # __all__ = ['Categorical', # 'MultivariateNormalDiag', # 'Normal', # 'sampling_id', # 'Uniform'] import warnings import numpy as np import paddle from paddle import _C_ops from paddle.fluid.data_feeder import check_variable_and_dtype, convert_dtype from paddle.fluid.framework import in_dygraph_mode from paddle.fluid.layers import tensor class Distribution: """ The abstract base class for probability distributions. Functions are implemented in specific distributions. Args: batch_shape(Sequence[int], optional): independent, not identically distributed draws, aka a "collection" or "bunch" of distributions. event_shape(Sequence[int], optional): the shape of a single draw from the distribution; it may be dependent across dimensions. For scalar distributions, the event shape is []. For n-dimension multivariate distribution, the event shape is [n]. """ def __init__(self, batch_shape=(), event_shape=()): self._batch_shape = ( batch_shape if isinstance(batch_shape, tuple) else tuple(batch_shape) ) self._event_shape = ( event_shape if isinstance(event_shape, tuple) else tuple(event_shape) ) super().__init__() @property def batch_shape(self): """Returns batch shape of distribution Returns: Sequence[int]: batch shape """ return self._batch_shape @property def event_shape(self): """Returns event shape of distribution Returns: Sequence[int]: event shape """ return self._event_shape @property def mean(self): """Mean of distribution""" raise NotImplementedError @property def variance(self): """Variance of distribution""" raise NotImplementedError def sample(self, shape=()): """Sampling from the distribution.""" raise NotImplementedError def rsample(self, shape=()): """reparameterized sample""" raise NotImplementedError def entropy(self): """The entropy of the distribution.""" raise NotImplementedError def kl_divergence(self, other): """The KL-divergence between self distributions and other.""" raise NotImplementedError def prob(self, value): """Probability density/mass function evaluated at value. Args: value (Tensor): value which will be evaluated """ return self.log_prob(value).exp() def log_prob(self, value): """Log probability density/mass function.""" raise NotImplementedError def probs(self, value): """Probability density/mass function. Note: This method will be deprecated in the future, please use `prob` instead. """ raise NotImplementedError def _extend_shape(self, sample_shape): """compute shape of the sample Args: sample_shape (Tensor): sample shape Returns: Tensor: generated sample data shape """ return sample_shape + self._batch_shape + self._event_shape def _validate_args(self, *args): """ Argument validation for distribution args Args: value (float, list, numpy.ndarray, Tensor) Raises ValueError: if one argument is Tensor, all arguments should be Tensor """ is_variable = False is_number = False for arg in args: if isinstance(arg, tensor.Variable): is_variable = True else: is_number = True if is_variable and is_number: raise ValueError( 'if one argument is Tensor, all arguments should be Tensor' ) return is_variable def _to_tensor(self, *args): """ Argument convert args to Tensor Args: value (float, list, numpy.ndarray, Tensor) Returns: Tensor of args. """ numpy_args = [] variable_args = [] tmp = 0.0 for arg in args: if isinstance(arg, float): arg = [arg] if not isinstance(arg, (list, tuple, np.ndarray, tensor.Variable)): raise TypeError( "Type of input args must be float, list, numpy.ndarray or Tensor, but received type {}".format( type(arg) ) ) arg_np = np.array(arg) arg_dtype = arg_np.dtype if str(arg_dtype) != 'float32': if str(arg_dtype) != 'float64': # "assign" op doesn't support float64. if dtype is float64, float32 variable will be generated # and converted to float64 later using "cast". warnings.warn( "data type of argument only support float32 and float64, your argument will be convert to float32." ) arg_np = arg_np.astype('float32') # tmp is used to support broadcast, it summarizes shapes of all the args and get the mixed shape. tmp = tmp + arg_np numpy_args.append(arg_np) dtype = tmp.dtype for arg in numpy_args: arg_broadcasted, _ = np.broadcast_arrays(arg, tmp) arg_variable = paddle.tensor.create_tensor(dtype=dtype) tensor.assign(arg_broadcasted, arg_variable) variable_args.append(arg_variable) return tuple(variable_args) def _check_values_dtype_in_probs(self, param, value): """ Log_prob and probs methods have input ``value``, if value's dtype is different from param, convert value's dtype to be consistent with param's dtype. Args: param (Tensor): low and high in Uniform class, loc and scale in Normal class. value (Tensor): The input tensor. Returns: value (Tensor): Change value's dtype if value's dtype is different from param. """ if in_dygraph_mode(): if value.dtype != param.dtype and convert_dtype(value.dtype) in [ 'float32', 'float64', ]: warnings.warn( "dtype of input 'value' needs to be the same as parameters of distribution class. dtype of 'value' will be converted." ) return _C_ops.cast(value, param.dtype) return value check_variable_and_dtype( value, 'value', ['float32', 'float64'], 'log_prob' ) if value.dtype != param.dtype: warnings.warn( "dtype of input 'value' needs to be the same as parameters of distribution class. dtype of 'value' will be converted." ) return tensor.cast(value, dtype=param.dtype) return value def _probs_to_logits(self, probs, is_binary=False): r""" Converts probabilities into logits. For the binary, probs denotes the probability of occurrence of the event indexed by `1`. For the multi-dimensional, values of last axis denote the probabilities of occurrence of each of the events. """ return ( (paddle.log(probs) - paddle.log1p(-probs)) if is_binary else paddle.log(probs) ) def _logits_to_probs(self, logits, is_binary=False): r""" Converts logits into probabilities. For the binary, each value denotes log odds, whereas for the multi-dimensional case, the values along the last dimension denote the log probabilities of the events. """ return ( paddle.nn.functional.sigmoid(logits) if is_binary else paddle.nn.functional.softmax(logits, axis=-1) )