Added backward.calc_gradient to backpropagate gradient from given targets to inputs.

For input argument with a list of variables, drop_empty_grad is not allowed because it makes the correspondence bewteen a variable and its gradient ambiguous. Use REGISTER_OP_EX to register the op or call InputGrad(?,false) in GradOpDescMaker.

* Rename XXDescBind --> XXDesc

* Fix Compile

* Init commit

* Make executor use ProgramDescBind

* Change Attribute from BlockDesc to BlockDescBind

* Since we will get the program desc in RNN, just BlockDesc is not
  enough.

* Add DeviceContext to Executor API

* Rewrite RNN

* Pass Python

* AddBiasOp does not care num_flatten_dims

* Stash

* Fix MacOS Compile

* Pass RNN forward

* add python test

* refactor test

* Make compile pass

* add gradopmaker

* First draft done

* Polish code

* add grad op maker and grad infershape

* Polish code

* Fix backward.cc bug

* Fix infershape

* Rename function

* add backward test

* simplify recurrent test

* Update

* Pass unittest

* Add comments & refine test

* Add comments

* refactor test

* Complete Unittest

* fix StepScopes enforce

* Remove unused unittest

* no type error

* Update

* Make RNN Pass unittest

* Feed/Fetch op just plain operator, not a OpWithKernel
* Do not register OpInfoMaker since Feed/Fetch will never be
  configured by users
* Feed/Fetch op has empty gradient
* Feed/Fetch op do not hard code `feed_variable`, `fetch_variable` as
  its input and output, make it as a plain Operator input/output

* Add grad_name_map

* Fix bug

* Fix bug

* Follow comments

* Add no_grad_vars for grad_op_maker

* Add unittest

* Fix unittest

* Fix unittest

* Follow comment