diff --git a/paddle/fluid/prim/api/manual_prim/utils/utils.h b/paddle/fluid/prim/api/manual_prim/utils/utils.h
index d72da6461da75d150a68441e184ced7c730f893b..d37a50c21a8e7bcb4c687c0f2ed08fe8019445d6 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/prim/api/manual_prim/utils/utils.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/prim/api/manual_prim/utils/utils.h
@@ -115,17 +115,24 @@ static std::vector<DST_T> unsafe_vector_cast(const std::vector<SRC_T>& src) {
 }
 
 // This fucction compute unsqueeze dims for reshape to replace unsqueeze.
-static std::vector<int> get_unsqueeze_dims(const Tensor& origin,
-                                           const IntArray& axis) {
+static std::vector<int64_t> get_unsqueeze_dims(
+    const Tensor& origin, const std::vector<int64_t>& axis) {
   auto origin_dims = origin.shape();
   auto total_shape_size = origin_dims.size() + axis.size();
-  std::vector<int> result;
-  int j = 0, k = 0;
+  std::vector<int64_t> result;
+  size_t j = 0, k = 0;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < total_shape_size; ++i) {
-    if (axis[j] == int64_t(i)) {
+    if (j < axis.size() && axis[j] == int64_t(i)) {
       result.push_back(1);
       j++;
     } else {
+      PADDLE_ENFORCE_LT(
+          k,
+          origin_dims.size(),
+          platform::errors::OutOfRange("Your index [%lu] exceeds the number of "
+                                       "elements in origin_dims[%lu].",
+                                       k,
+                                       origin_dims.size()));
       result.push_back(origin_dims[k]);
       k++;
     }
diff --git a/test/prim/prim/vjp/test_comp_high_grad.py b/test/prim/prim/vjp/test_comp_high_grad.py
index 77fa38684d9068835a13fcd9bbf067c0220159b0..76283528e24043a0561d4d7fcdb432dd620a43c4 100644
--- a/test/prim/prim/vjp/test_comp_high_grad.py
+++ b/test/prim/prim/vjp/test_comp_high_grad.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+# Copyright (c) 2023 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.