diff --git a/paddle/fluid/operators/conv_op.cc b/paddle/fluid/operators/conv_op.cc
index f3dd0dcb46c36fb666c0f4766446098f939a9b6c..85bb4e5baa058a4cc5e6e4b9e1aec9ac75b3c5ea 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/operators/conv_op.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/operators/conv_op.cc
@@ -175,9 +175,14 @@ framework::OpKernelType ConvOp::GetExpectedKernelType(
       input_data_type != framework::proto::VarType::UINT8 &&
       input_data_type != framework::proto::VarType::BF16) {
     auto filter_data_type = ctx.Input<Tensor>("Filter")->type();
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(input_data_type, filter_data_type,
-                      platform::errors::InvalidArgument(
-                          "input and filter data type should be consistent"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
+        input_data_type, filter_data_type,
+        platform::errors::InvalidArgument(
+            "input and filter data type should be consistent, "
+            "but received input data type is %s and filter type "
+            "is %s",
+            paddle::framework::DataTypeToString(input_data_type),
+            paddle::framework::DataTypeToString(filter_data_type)));
   }
   if (input_data_type == framework::proto::VarType::FP16) {
     PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(library, framework::LibraryType::kCUDNN,
diff --git a/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_functional_conv2d.py b/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_functional_conv2d.py
index 68be0bf5d561ef0d8fe92005dd9ddb47c21aca51..766e1bb1d34af21c073ef5cbd83d3feb27efe8cb 100644
--- a/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_functional_conv2d.py
+++ b/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_functional_conv2d.py
@@ -442,5 +442,20 @@ class TestFunctionalConv2DErrorCase10(TestFunctionalConv2DError):
         self.data_format = "NHWC"
 
 
+class TestFunctionalConv2DErrorCase11(TestFunctionalConv2DError):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.in_channels = 3
+        self.out_channels = 5
+        self.filter_shape = 3
+        self.padding = 0
+        self.stride = 1
+        self.dilation = 1
+        self.groups = 1
+        self.no_bias = False
+        self.act = "sigmoid"
+        self.use_cudnn = False
+        self.data_format = "NHCW"
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/python/paddle/nn/layer/conv.py b/python/paddle/nn/layer/conv.py
index 2c6308d11292563bcc512a6cee23b1e0a33d6a3c..389920b923876dff9d6c663a607e7b8752efd7f1 100644
--- a/python/paddle/nn/layer/conv.py
+++ b/python/paddle/nn/layer/conv.py
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ class _ConvNd(layers.Layer):
                 "when padding_mode in ['reflect', 'replicate', 'circular'], type of padding must be int"
             )
 
+        valid_format = {'NHWC', 'NCHW', 'NDHWC', 'NCDHW', 'NLC', 'NCL'}
+        if data_format not in valid_format:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "data_format must be one of {}, but got data_format='{}'".
+                format(valid_format, data_format))
+
         channel_last = (data_format == "NHWC") or (data_format == "NDHWC") or (
             data_format == "NLC")
         if channel_last: