Remove backend argument of init_parallel_env (#26773)

* remove backend argument of init_parallel_env

* remove keep name table in transformer

* add cpu version check

* add skip unittest for init_parallel_env

* polish doc: remove func use & update example

python/paddle/distributed/parallel.py

@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ __all__ = ["init_parallel_env"]
 ParallelStrategy = core.ParallelStrategy
 
 
-def init_parallel_env(backend='nccl'):
+def init_parallel_env():
     """
-    Initialize parallel training environments in dynamic mode.
+    Initialize parallel training environment in dynamic graph mode.
 
-    Args:
-        backend(str, optional): The backend to communication between multiple devices.
-            Now only support ``nccl`` . Default value is ``nccl`` .
+    .. note::
+        Now only supports initializing the GPU parallel training 
+        environment and using NCCL for communication.
 
     Returns:
         None
@@ -89,14 +89,12 @@ def init_parallel_env(backend='nccl'):
                 dist.spawn(train)
     """
 
-    # 1. input check
-    if not isinstance(backend, six.string_types):
-        raise TypeError("input `backend` type error, expected type is str, "
-                        "but received type is %s." % type(backend))
-    if cpt.to_text(backend) != 'nccl':
-        raise ValueError(
-            "backend `%s` is not supported, now only supports `nccl` backend." %
-            backend)
+    # 1. gpu check
+    if not core.is_compiled_with_cuda():
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Cannot initialize parallel environment in CPU-only version, now only "
+            "supports initializing the GPU parallel environment. Please recompile "
+            "or reinstall paddle with GPU support.")
 
     # 2. check env
     def _check_var_exists(var_name):
@@ -112,9 +110,8 @@ def init_parallel_env(backend='nccl'):
     _check_var_exists("PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM")
     _check_var_exists("PADDLE_TRAINER_ENDPOINTS")
 
-    # 3. init ParallelStrategy
+    # 3. init NCCL ParallelStrategy
     strategy = ParallelStrategy()
-    if cpt.to_text(backend) == 'nccl':
     if parallel_helper._is_parallel_ctx_initialized():
         warnings.warn("The parallel environment has been initialized.")
     strategy.nranks = ParallelEnv().world_size
@@ -133,8 +130,7 @@ def init_parallel_env(backend='nccl'):
     _set_expected_place(place)
 
     # init nccl context
-        parallel_helper._set_parallel_ctx(
-            core.NCCLParallelContext(strategy, place))
+    parallel_helper._set_parallel_ctx(core.NCCLParallelContext(strategy, place))
     parallel_helper._init_parallel_ctx()
 
 
@@ -163,7 +159,7 @@ def get_rank():
 
 def get_world_size():
     """
-    The number of trainers (number of processes participating in current job).
+    Returns the number of trainers (number of processes participating in current job).
 
     Its value is equal to the value of the environment variable ``PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM`` . 
     The default value is 1.

python/paddle/distributed/spawn.py

@@ -236,8 +236,6 @@ def spawn(func, args=(), nprocs=-1, join=True, daemon=False, **options):
         func (function): The target function is called by spawned process.
             This function need to be able to pickled, so it must be defined
             at the top level of a module.
-            This function should be called as ``func(i, *args)``, ``i`` is
-            the process index and ``args`` contains other arguments as tuple.
         args (tuple, optional): Arguments passed to ``func``.
         nprocs (int, optional): Number of processed to start. Default: -1.
             when nprocs is -1, the available device will be obtained from 
@@ -246,8 +244,8 @@ def spawn(func, args=(), nprocs=-1, join=True, daemon=False, **options):
             variable CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES; If use CPU, the currently available
             CPU number is obtained from the environment variable CPU_NUM. 
             For example, export CPU_NUM=4, if the environment variable is not set, 
-            the executor will add the variable to the environment variable and 
-            set its value to 1.
+            the spawn method will add default value to the environment variable 
+            and set its value to 1.
         join (bool, optional): Perform a blocking join on all spawned processes.
             Default: True.
         daemon (bool, optional): The spawned processes' daemon flag. Default: False.
@@ -266,8 +264,8 @@ def spawn(func, args=(), nprocs=-1, join=True, daemon=False, **options):
             such as 6170. Default: None; 
             (5) selected_gpus (string): The training process will run on the 
             selected_gpus, such as "0,1,2,3". Default: None; 
-            (6) print_config: Print current parallel training config. Default: False;
-            (7) use_paddlecloud: Whether to use paddlecloud platform to run your 
+            (6) print_config (bool): Print current parallel training config. Default: False;
+            (7) use_paddlecloud (bool): Whether to use paddlecloud platform to run your 
             multi-process job. Default: False.
 
     Returns:

python/paddle/fluid/dygraph/parallel.py

@@ -349,38 +349,53 @@ class DataParallel(layers.Layer):
         Examples:
             .. code-block:: python
 
-                import numpy as np
-                import paddle.fluid as fluid
+                import paddle
+                import paddle.nn as nn
+                import paddle.optimizer as opt
+                import paddle.distributed as dist
 
-                place = fluid.CUDAPlace(fluid.dygraph.ParallelEnv().dev_id)
-                with fluid.dygraph.guard(place):
+                class LinearNet(nn.Layer):
+                    def __init__(self):
+                        super(LinearNet, self).__init__()
+                        self._linear1 = nn.Linear(10, 10)
+                        self._linear2 = nn.Linear(10, 1)
                         
-                    # prepare the data parallel context
-                    strategy = fluid.dygraph.prepare_context()
+                    def forward(self, x):
+                        return self._linear2(self._linear1(x))
 
-                    linear = fluid.dygraph.Linear(1, 10, act="softmax")
-                    adam = fluid.optimizer.AdamOptimizer(
-                        learning_rate=0.001, parameter_list=linear.parameters())
+                def train():
+                    # 1. enable dynamic mode
+                    paddle.disable_static()
                     
-                    # make the module become the data parallelism module
-                    linear = fluid.dygraph.DataParallel(linear, strategy)
+                    # 2. initialize parallel environment
+                    dist.init_parallel_env()
 
-                    x_data = np.random.random(size=[10, 1]).astype(np.float32)
-                    data = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(x_data)
+                    # 3. create data parallel layer & optimizer
+                    layer = LinearNet()
+                    dp_layer = paddle.DataParallel(layer)
 
-                    hidden = linear(data)
-                    avg_loss = fluid.layers.mean(hidden)
+                    loss_fn = nn.MSELoss()
+                    adam = opt.Adam(
+                        learning_rate=0.001, parameters=dp_layer.parameters())
 
-                    # scale the loss according to the number of trainers.
-                    avg_loss = linear.scale_loss(avg_loss)
+                    # 4. run layer
+                    inputs = paddle.randn([10, 10], 'float32')
+                    outputs = dp_layer(inputs)
+                    labels = paddle.randn([10, 1], 'float32')
+                    loss = loss_fn(outputs, labels)
                     
-                    avg_loss.backward()
+                    loss = dp_layer.scale_loss(loss)
+                    loss.backward()
+                    dp_layer.apply_collective_grads()
 
-                    # collect the gradients of trainers.
-                    linear.apply_collective_grads()
+                    adam.step()
+                    adam.clear_grad()
 
-                    adam.minimize(avg_loss)
-                    linear.clear_gradients()
+                if __name__ == '__main__':
+                    # 1. start by ``paddle.distributed.spawn`` (default)
+                    dist.spawn(train, nprocs=2)
+                    # 2. start by ``paddle.distributed.launch``
+                    # train()
         """
         if not self._is_data_parallel_mode():
             return loss
@@ -438,38 +453,53 @@ class DataParallel(layers.Layer):
         Examples:
             .. code-block:: python
 
-                import numpy as np
-                import paddle.fluid as fluid
+                import paddle
+                import paddle.nn as nn
+                import paddle.optimizer as opt
+                import paddle.distributed as dist
 
-                place = fluid.CUDAPlace(fluid.dygraph.ParallelEnv().dev_id)
-                with fluid.dygraph.guard(place):
+                class LinearNet(nn.Layer):
+                    def __init__(self):
+                        super(LinearNet, self).__init__()
+                        self._linear1 = nn.Linear(10, 10)
+                        self._linear2 = nn.Linear(10, 1)
                         
-                    # prepare the data parallel context
-                    strategy = fluid.dygraph.prepare_context()
+                    def forward(self, x):
+                        return self._linear2(self._linear1(x))
 
-                    linear = fluid.dygraph.Linear(1, 10, act="softmax")
-                    adam = fluid.optimizer.AdamOptimizer(
-                        learning_rate=0.001, parameter_list=linear.parameters())
+                def train():
+                    # 1. enable dynamic mode
+                    paddle.disable_static()
                     
-                    # make the module become the data parallelism module
-                    linear = fluid.dygraph.DataParallel(linear, strategy)
+                    # 2. initialize parallel environment
+                    dist.init_parallel_env()
 
-                    x_data = np.random.random(size=[10, 1]).astype(np.float32)
-                    data = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(x_data)
+                    # 3. create data parallel layer & optimizer
+                    layer = LinearNet()
+                    dp_layer = paddle.DataParallel(layer)
 
-                    hidden = linear(data)
-                    avg_loss = fluid.layers.mean(hidden)
+                    loss_fn = nn.MSELoss()
+                    adam = opt.Adam(
+                        learning_rate=0.001, parameters=dp_layer.parameters())
 
-                    # scale the loss according to the number of trainers.
-                    avg_loss = linear.scale_loss(avg_loss)
+                    # 4. run layer
+                    inputs = paddle.randn([10, 10], 'float32')
+                    outputs = dp_layer(inputs)
+                    labels = paddle.randn([10, 1], 'float32')
+                    loss = loss_fn(outputs, labels)
                     
-                    avg_loss.backward()
+                    loss = dp_layer.scale_loss(loss)
+                    loss.backward()
+                    dp_layer.apply_collective_grads()
 
-                    # collect the gradients of trainers.
-                    linear.apply_collective_grads()
+                    adam.step()
+                    adam.clear_grad()
 
-                    adam.minimize(avg_loss)
-                    linear.clear_gradients()
+                if __name__ == '__main__':
+                    # 1. start by ``paddle.distributed.spawn`` (default)
+                    dist.spawn(train, nprocs=2)
+                    # 2. start by ``paddle.distributed.launch``
+                    # train()
         """
         if not self._is_data_parallel_mode():
             return

python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_spawn_and_init_parallel_env.py

@@ -30,15 +30,9 @@ from paddle.fluid.dygraph import parallel_helper
 # executed in the python3 sub-process. 
 
 
+@unittest.skipIf(not core.is_compiled_with_cuda(),
+                 "core is not compiled with CUDA")
 class TestInitParallelEnv(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_beckend_type_error(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
-            dist.init_parallel_env(backend=1)
-
-    def test_backend_value_error(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            dist.init_parallel_env(backend="mpi")
-
     def test_check_env_failed(self):
         os.environ['FLAGS_selected_gpus'] = '0'
         os.environ['PADDLE_TRAINER_ID'] = '0'

python/paddle/framework/__init__.py

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ __all__ = [
 ]
 
 __all__ += [
-    'grad', 'LayerList', 'load', 'save', 'prepare_context', 'to_variable',
-    'no_grad', 'ParallelEnv', 'DataParallel'
+    'grad', 'LayerList', 'load', 'save', 'to_variable', 'no_grad',
+    'DataParallel'
 ]
 
 __all__ += [