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    <li>支持双层序列作为输入的Layer</li>
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  <div class="section" id="layer">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">支持双层序列作为输入的Layer</a><a class="headerlink" href="#layer" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<div class="contents topic" id="contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#layer" id="id2">支持双层序列作为输入的Layer</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1" id="id3">概述</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pooling" id="id4">pooling</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#last-seq-first-seq" id="id5">last_seq 和 first_seq</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#expand" id="id6">expand</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">概述</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>在自然语言处理任务中，序列是一种常见的数据类型。一个独立的词语，可以看作是一个非序列输入，或者，我们称之为一个0层的序列；由词语构成的句子，是一个单层序列；若干个句子构成一个段落，是一个双层的序列。</p>
<p>双层序列是一个嵌套的序列，它的每一个元素，又是一个单层的序列。这是一种非常灵活的数据组织方式，帮助我们构造一些复杂的输入信息。</p>
<p>我们可以按照如下层次定义非序列，单层序列，以及双层序列。</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>0层序列：一个独立的元素，类型可以是PaddlePaddle支持的任意输入数据类型</li>
<li>单层序列：排成一列的多个元素，每个元素是一个0层序列，元素之间的顺序是重要的输入信息</li>
<li>双层序列：排成一列的多个元素，每个元素是一个单层序列，称之为双层序列的一个子序列（subseq），subseq的每个元素是一个0层序列</li>
</ul>
<p>在 PaddlePaddle中，下面这些Layer能够接受双层序列作为输入，完成相应的计算。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="pooling">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">pooling</a><a class="headerlink" href="#pooling" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>pooling 的使用示例如下，详细见 <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/v2/config/layer.html#api-v2-layer-pooling"><span class="std std-ref">pooling</span></a> 配置API。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">seq_pool</span> <span class="o">=</span> pooling<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">input</span><span class="o">=</span>layer,
                   <span class="nv">pooling_type</span><span class="o">=</span>pooling.Max<span class="o">()</span>,
                   <span class="nv">agg_level</span><span class="o">=</span>AggregateLevel.TO_SEQUENCE<span class="o">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li><cite>pooling_type</cite> 目前支持两种，分别是：pooling.Max()和pooling.Avg()。</li>
<li><cite>agg_level=AggregateLevel.TO_NO_SEQUENCE</cite> 时（默认值）：<ul>
<li>作用：双层序列经过运算变成一个0层序列，或单层序列经过运算变成一个0层序列</li>
<li>输入：一个双层序列，或一个单层序列</li>
<li>输出：一个0层序列，即整个输入序列（单层或双层）的平均值（或最大值）</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><cite>agg_level=AggregateLevel.TO_SEQUENCE</cite> 时：<ul>
<li>作用：一个双层序列经过运算变成一个单层序列</li>
<li>输入：必须是一个双层序列</li>
<li>输出：一个单层序列，序列的每个元素是原来双层序列每个subseq元素的平均值（或最大值）</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="last-seq-first-seq">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">last_seq 和 first_seq</a><a class="headerlink" href="#last-seq-first-seq" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>last_seq 的使用示例如下（ <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/v2/config/layer.html#api-v2-layer-first-seq"><span class="std std-ref">first_seq</span></a> 类似），详细见 <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/v2/config/layer.html#api-v2-layer-last-seq"><span class="std std-ref">last_seq</span></a> 配置API。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">last</span> <span class="o">=</span> last_seq<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">input</span><span class="o">=</span>layer,
                <span class="nv">agg_level</span><span class="o">=</span>AggregateLevel.TO_SEQUENCE<span class="o">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li><cite>agg_level=AggregateLevel.TO_NO_SEQUENCE</cite> 时（默认值）：<ul>
<li>作用：一个双层序列经过运算变成一个0层序列，或一个单层序列经过运算变成一个0层序列</li>
<li>输入：一个双层序列或一个单层序列</li>
<li>输出：一个0层序列，即整个输入序列（双层或者单层）最后一个，或第一个元素。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><cite>agg_level=AggregateLevel.TO_SEQUENCE</cite> 时：
- 作用：一个双层序列经过运算变成一个单层序列
- 输入：必须是一个双层序列
- 输出：一个单层序列，其中每个元素是双层序列中每个subseq最后一个（或第一个）元素。</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="expand">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">expand</a><a class="headerlink" href="#expand" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>expand 的使用示例如下，详细见 <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/v2/config/layer.html#api-v2-layer-expand"><span class="std std-ref">ExpandLevel</span></a> 配置API。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">ex</span> <span class="o">=</span> expand<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">input</span><span class="o">=</span>layer1,
            <span class="nv">expand_as</span><span class="o">=</span>layer2,
            <span class="nv">expand_level</span><span class="o">=</span>ExpandLevel.FROM_NO_SEQUENCE<span class="o">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li><cite>expand_level=ExpandLevel.FROM_NO_SEQUENCE</cite> 时（默认值）：<ul>
<li>作用：一个0层序列经过运算扩展成一个单层序列，或者一个双层序列</li>
<li>输入：layer1必须是一个0层序列，是待扩展的数据；layer2 可以是一个单层序列，或者是一个双层序列，提供扩展的长度信息</li>
<li>输出：一个单层序列或一个双层序列，输出序列的类型（双层序列或单层序列）和序列中含有元素的数目同 layer2 一致。若输出是单层序列，单层序列的每个元素（0层序列），都是对layer1元素的拷贝；若输出是双层序列，双层序列每个subseq中每个元素（0层序列），都是对layer1元素的拷贝</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><cite>expand_level=ExpandLevel.FROM_SEQUENCE</cite> 时：<ul>
<li>作用：一个单层序列经过运算扩展成一个双层序列</li>
<li>输入：layer1必须是一个单层序列，是待扩展的数据；layer2 必须是一个双层序列，提供扩展的长度信息</li>
<li>输出：一个双层序列，序列中含有元素的数目同 layer2 一致。要求单层序列含有元素的数目（0层序列）和双层序列含有subseq 的数目一致。单层序列第i个元素（0层序列），被扩展为一个单层序列，构成了输出双层序列的第i个 subseq 。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
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