diff --git a/examples/csmsc/vits/conf/default.yaml b/examples/csmsc/vits/conf/default.yaml
index 47af780dc656533c147380b4b8b92ccf3a616076..32f995cc9489359bc91bb951442c5fde78286724 100644
--- a/examples/csmsc/vits/conf/default.yaml
+++ b/examples/csmsc/vits/conf/default.yaml
@@ -178,6 +178,8 @@ generator_first: False # whether to start updating generator first
 ##########################################################
 #                OTHER TRAINING SETTING                  #
 ##########################################################
-max_epoch: 1000           # number of epochs
-num_snapshots: 10         # max number of snapshots to keep while training
-seed: 777                 # random seed number
+num_snapshots: 10            # max number of snapshots to keep while training
+train_max_steps: 250000      # Number of training steps. == total_iters / ngpus, total_iters = 1000000
+save_interval_steps: 1000    # Interval steps to save checkpoint.
+eval_interval_steps: 250     # Interval steps to evaluate the network.
+seed: 777                    # random seed number
diff --git a/examples/csmsc/vits/local/preprocess.sh b/examples/csmsc/vits/local/preprocess.sh
index 1d3ae59376499add5ef8479499254beada6df642..1cd6d1f9b0c0fa3f47b088195bf76c0d6d08f48b 100755
--- a/examples/csmsc/vits/local/preprocess.sh
+++ b/examples/csmsc/vits/local/preprocess.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ stage=0
 stop_stage=100
 
 config_path=$1
+add_blank=$2
 
 if [ ${stage} -le 0 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 0 ]; then
     # get durations from MFA's result
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ if [ ${stage} -le 3 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 3 ]; then
         --feats-stats=dump/train/feats_stats.npy \
         --phones-dict=dump/phone_id_map.txt \
         --speaker-dict=dump/speaker_id_map.txt \
+        --add-blank=${add_blank} \
         --skip-wav-copy
 
     python3 ${BIN_DIR}/normalize.py \
@@ -52,6 +54,7 @@ if [ ${stage} -le 3 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 3 ]; then
         --feats-stats=dump/train/feats_stats.npy \
         --phones-dict=dump/phone_id_map.txt \
         --speaker-dict=dump/speaker_id_map.txt \
+        --add-blank=${add_blank} \
         --skip-wav-copy
 
     python3 ${BIN_DIR}/normalize.py \
@@ -60,5 +63,6 @@ if [ ${stage} -le 3 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 3 ]; then
         --feats-stats=dump/train/feats_stats.npy \
         --phones-dict=dump/phone_id_map.txt \
         --speaker-dict=dump/speaker_id_map.txt \
+        --add-blank=${add_blank} \
         --skip-wav-copy
 fi
diff --git a/examples/csmsc/vits/local/synthesize_e2e.sh b/examples/csmsc/vits/local/synthesize_e2e.sh
index edbb07bfc803ccd558477977143bdbe53280fc62..3f3bf6517a415020961eeef70ace4921d8062ee9 100755
--- a/examples/csmsc/vits/local/synthesize_e2e.sh
+++ b/examples/csmsc/vits/local/synthesize_e2e.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@
 config_path=$1
 train_output_path=$2
 ckpt_name=$3
+add_blank=$4
+
 stage=0
 stop_stage=0
 
+
 if [ ${stage} -le 0 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 0 ]; then
     FLAGS_allocator_strategy=naive_best_fit \
     FLAGS_fraction_of_gpu_memory_to_use=0.01 \
@@ -14,5 +17,6 @@ if [ ${stage} -le 0 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 0 ]; then
         --ckpt=${train_output_path}/checkpoints/${ckpt_name} \
         --phones_dict=dump/phone_id_map.txt \
         --output_dir=${train_output_path}/test_e2e \
-        --text=${BIN_DIR}/../sentences.txt
+        --text=${BIN_DIR}/../sentences.txt \
+        --add-blank=${add_blank}
 fi
diff --git a/examples/csmsc/vits/run.sh b/examples/csmsc/vits/run.sh
index 80e56e7c146ae02b6b7b9ff23159cb746a8088b6..c284b7b238cfc528277909f297d7cbb10a273299 100755
--- a/examples/csmsc/vits/run.sh
+++ b/examples/csmsc/vits/run.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ stop_stage=100
 conf_path=conf/default.yaml
 train_output_path=exp/default
 ckpt_name=snapshot_iter_153.pdz
+add_blank=true
 
 # with the following command, you can choose the stage range you want to run
 # such as `./run.sh --stage 0 --stop-stage 0`
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ source ${MAIN_ROOT}/utils/parse_options.sh || exit 1
 
 if [ ${stage} -le 0 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 0 ]; then
     # prepare data
-    ./local/preprocess.sh ${conf_path} || exit -1
+    ./local/preprocess.sh ${conf_path} ${add_blank}|| exit -1
 fi
 
 if [ ${stage} -le 1 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 1 ]; then
@@ -32,5 +33,5 @@ fi
 
 if [ ${stage} -le 3 ] && [ ${stop_stage} -ge 3 ]; then
     # synthesize_e2e, vocoder is pwgan
-    CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=${gpus} ./local/synthesize_e2e.sh ${conf_path} ${train_output_path} ${ckpt_name} || exit -1
+    CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=${gpus} ./local/synthesize_e2e.sh ${conf_path} ${train_output_path} ${ckpt_name} ${add_blank}|| exit -1
 fi
diff --git a/examples/ljspeech/voc0/local/synthesize.sh b/examples/ljspeech/voc0/local/synthesize.sh
index 1d5e11836aa3647cc9d93d86c25403cfb37d5a39..11874e4991ba7cd45a6ac356086a31707b4109f3 100755
--- a/examples/ljspeech/voc0/local/synthesize.sh
+++ b/examples/ljspeech/voc0/local/synthesize.sh
@@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ python ${BIN_DIR}/synthesize.py \
     --input=${input_mel_path} \
     --output=${train_output_path}/wavs/ \
     --checkpoint_path=${train_output_path}/checkpoints/${ckpt_name} \
-    --ngpu=1 \
-    --verbose
\ No newline at end of file
+    --ngpu=1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/normalize.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/normalize.py
index 8ec20ebf0f8f1865c45cdeed99d487e079e498b0..92d10832b731856e885b11ebf038dd91da42bd9c 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/normalize.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/normalize.py
@@ -58,30 +58,8 @@ def main():
         "--phones-dict", type=str, default=None, help="phone vocabulary file.")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--speaker-dict", type=str, default=None, help="speaker id map file.")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    # set logger
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.DEBUG,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    elif args.verbose > 0:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.INFO,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    else:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.WARN,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-        logging.warning('Skip DEBUG/INFO messages')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
 
     dumpdir = Path(args.dumpdir).expanduser()
     # use absolute path
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/preprocess.py
index eac75f9821dd69b798a097687a1101b8d717dc9c..0045c5a3319f2eeba7956b57d64d64cb6569d181 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/fastspeech2/preprocess.py
@@ -209,11 +209,6 @@ def main():
 
     parser.add_argument("--config", type=str, help="fastspeech2 config file.")
 
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--num-cpu", type=int, default=1, help="number of process.")
 
@@ -248,10 +243,6 @@ def main():
     with open(args.config, 'rt') as f:
         config = CfgNode(yaml.safe_load(f))
 
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        print(vars(args))
-        print(config)
-
     sentences, speaker_set = get_phn_dur(dur_file)
 
     merge_silence(sentences)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/normalize.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/normalize.py
index ba95d3ed61e341ebc458846a1f79099066c2cc7a..4cb7e41c576935e6d349eba7efe19914babded4d 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/normalize.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/normalize.py
@@ -47,30 +47,8 @@ def main():
         default=False,
         action="store_true",
         help="whether to skip the copy of wav files.")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    # set logger
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.DEBUG,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    elif args.verbose > 0:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.INFO,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    else:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.WARN,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-        logging.warning('Skip DEBUG/INFO messages')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
 
     dumpdir = Path(args.dumpdir).expanduser()
     # use absolute path
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/preprocess.py
index 546367964f98205318b1ad089604d2518472506e..05c6576829cff710c50235015a07c66781d381e4 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/gan_vocoder/preprocess.py
@@ -167,11 +167,6 @@ def main():
         required=True,
         help="directory to dump feature files.")
     parser.add_argument("--config", type=str, help="vocoder config file.")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--num-cpu", type=int, default=1, help="number of process.")
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -197,10 +192,6 @@ def main():
     with open(args.config, 'rt') as f:
         config = CfgNode(yaml.safe_load(f))
 
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        print(vars(args))
-        print(config)
-
     sentences, speaker_set = get_phn_dur(dur_file)
     merge_silence(sentences)
 
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/normalize.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/normalize.py
index 249a4d6d83e59c933994a1532d0e836a0a8679c3..f29466f655ee7033654e8366095831cff0a18657 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/normalize.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/normalize.py
@@ -50,11 +50,6 @@ def main():
         "--tones-dict", type=str, default=None, help="tone vocabulary file.")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--speaker-dict", type=str, default=None, help="speaker id map file.")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
 
     parser.add_argument(
         "--use-relative-path",
@@ -63,24 +58,6 @@ def main():
         help="whether use relative path in metadata")
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    # set logger
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.DEBUG,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    elif args.verbose > 0:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.INFO,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    else:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.WARN,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-        logging.warning('Skip DEBUG/INFO messages')
-
     dumpdir = Path(args.dumpdir).expanduser()
     # use absolute path
     dumpdir = dumpdir.resolve()
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/preprocess.py
index aa7608d6b945b7fda3bdfab9ab74c1c080b20537..e4084c142f6cf00791930c6de1a11078d32a26c0 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/speedyspeech/preprocess.py
@@ -195,11 +195,6 @@ def main():
 
     parser.add_argument("--config", type=str, help="fastspeech2 config file.")
 
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--num-cpu", type=int, default=1, help="number of process.")
 
@@ -230,10 +225,6 @@ def main():
     with open(args.config, 'rt') as f:
         config = CfgNode(yaml.safe_load(f))
 
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        print(vars(args))
-        print(config)
-
     sentences, speaker_set = get_phn_dur(dur_file)
 
     merge_silence(sentences)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/tacotron2/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/tacotron2/preprocess.py
index 6137da7f175b4e23af7a4b2e60908527bb65978d..c27b9769b7daa0de8857a27129e4f52dafee717f 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/tacotron2/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/tacotron2/preprocess.py
@@ -184,11 +184,6 @@ def main():
 
     parser.add_argument("--config", type=str, help="fastspeech2 config file.")
 
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--num-cpu", type=int, default=1, help="number of process.")
 
@@ -223,10 +218,6 @@ def main():
     with open(args.config, 'rt') as f:
         config = CfgNode(yaml.safe_load(f))
 
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        print(vars(args))
-        print(config)
-
     sentences, speaker_set = get_phn_dur(dur_file)
 
     merge_silence(sentences)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/normalize.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/normalize.py
index 87e975b88ffb1b27c63885dfbe7fdb3c4cf5b718..e5f052c60dbbb84da35731a0eefb4a0c721b06be 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/normalize.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/normalize.py
@@ -51,30 +51,8 @@ def main():
         "--phones-dict", type=str, default=None, help="phone vocabulary file.")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--speaker-dict", type=str, default=None, help="speaker id map file.")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    # set logger
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.DEBUG,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    elif args.verbose > 0:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.INFO,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    else:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.WARN,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-        logging.warning('Skip DEBUG/INFO messages')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # check directory existence
     dumpdir = Path(args.dumpdir).resolve()
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/preprocess.py
index 28ca3de6eb455a3832029eb44e55e804b0fd8826..2ebd5ecc2fdbc0ebd69203b779b71809e9fad8c9 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/transformer_tts/preprocess.py
@@ -186,11 +186,6 @@ def main():
         type=str,
         help="yaml format configuration file.")
 
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--num-cpu", type=int, default=1, help="number of process.")
 
@@ -210,10 +205,6 @@ def main():
         _C = Configuration(_C)
         config = _C.clone()
 
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        print(vars(args))
-        print(config)
-
     phone_id_map_path = dumpdir / "phone_id_map.txt"
     speaker_id_map_path = dumpdir / "speaker_id_map.txt"
 
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/normalize.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/normalize.py
index 6fc8adb061a94acbaee6d960c87b9c1a5de41644..5881ae95c071255a583bda87869dfafd9cac2809 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/normalize.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/normalize.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import argparse
 import logging
 from operator import itemgetter
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List
 
 import jsonlines
 import numpy as np
@@ -23,6 +24,50 @@ from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
 from paddlespeech.t2s.datasets.data_table import DataTable
+from paddlespeech.t2s.utils import str2bool
+
+INITIALS = [
+    'b', 'p', 'm', 'f', 'd', 't', 'n', 'l', 'g', 'k', 'h', 'zh', 'ch', 'sh',
+    'r', 'z', 'c', 's', 'j', 'q', 'x'
+]
+INITIALS += ['y', 'w', 'sp', 'spl', 'spn', 'sil']
+
+
+def intersperse(lst, item):
+    result = [item] * (len(lst) * 2 + 1)
+    result[1::2] = lst
+    return result
+
+
+def insert_after_character(lst, item):
+    result = [item]
+    for phone in lst:
+        result.append(phone)
+        if phone not in INITIALS:
+            # finals has tones
+            assert phone[-1] in "12345"
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def add_blank(phones: List[str],
+              filed: str="character",
+              blank_token: str="<pad>"):
+    if filed == "phone":
+        """
+        add blank after phones
+        input: ["n", "i3", "h", "ao3", "m", "a5"]
+        output: ["n", "<pad>", "i3", "<pad>", "h", "<pad>", "ao3", "<pad>", "m", "<pad>", "a5"]
+        """
+        phones = intersperse(phones, blank_token)
+    elif filed == "character":
+        """
+        add blank after characters
+        input: ["n", "i3", "h", "ao3"]
+        output: ["n", "i3", "<pad>", "h", "ao3", "<pad>", "m", "a5"]
+        """
+        phones = insert_after_character(phones, blank_token)
+    return phones
 
 
 def main():
@@ -58,29 +103,12 @@ def main():
     parser.add_argument(
         "--speaker-dict", type=str, default=None, help="speaker id map file.")
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
+        "--add-blank",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=True,
+        help="whether to add blank between phones")
 
-    # set logger
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.DEBUG,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    elif args.verbose > 0:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.INFO,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-    else:
-        logging.basicConfig(
-            level=logging.WARN,
-            format="%(asctime)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d) %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
-        )
-        logging.warning('Skip DEBUG/INFO messages')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
 
     dumpdir = Path(args.dumpdir).expanduser()
     # use absolute path
@@ -135,13 +163,19 @@ def main():
         else:
             wav_path = wave
 
-        phone_ids = [vocab_phones[p] for p in item['phones']]
+        phones = item['phones']
+        text_lengths = item['text_lengths']
+        if args.add_blank:
+            phones = add_blank(phones, filed="character")
+            text_lengths = len(phones)
+
+        phone_ids = [vocab_phones[p] for p in phones]
         spk_id = vocab_speaker[item["speaker"]]
 
         record = {
             "utt_id": item['utt_id'],
             "text": phone_ids,
-            "text_lengths": item['text_lengths'],
+            "text_lengths": text_lengths,
             'feats': str(feats_path),
             "feats_lengths": item['feats_lengths'],
             "wave": str(wav_path),
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/preprocess.py
index 6aa139fb5f8a32f965bd7a2b781500a011b344ff..f89ab356f1a3cf43747e80d51f13a60bbd9b3445 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/preprocess.py
@@ -197,11 +197,6 @@ def main():
 
     parser.add_argument("--config", type=str, help="fastspeech2 config file.")
 
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--verbose",
-        type=int,
-        default=1,
-        help="logging level. higher is more logging. (default=1)")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--num-cpu", type=int, default=1, help="number of process.")
 
@@ -236,10 +231,6 @@ def main():
     with open(args.config, 'rt') as f:
         config = CfgNode(yaml.safe_load(f))
 
-    if args.verbose > 1:
-        print(vars(args))
-        print(config)
-
     sentences, speaker_set = get_phn_dur(dur_file)
 
     merge_silence(sentences)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/synthesize_e2e.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/synthesize_e2e.py
index c82e5c03941288eee19d1b8f063105288daa8a12..33a4137519ace905733db815955f834a199e17cf 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/synthesize_e2e.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/synthesize_e2e.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from yacs.config import CfgNode
 from paddlespeech.t2s.exps.syn_utils import get_frontend
 from paddlespeech.t2s.exps.syn_utils import get_sentences
 from paddlespeech.t2s.models.vits import VITS
+from paddlespeech.t2s.utils import str2bool
 
 
 def evaluate(args):
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ def evaluate(args):
     output_dir = Path(args.output_dir)
     output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     merge_sentences = False
+    add_blank = args.add_blank
 
     N = 0
     T = 0
@@ -62,7 +64,9 @@ def evaluate(args):
         with timer() as t:
             if args.lang == 'zh':
                 input_ids = frontend.get_input_ids(
-                    sentence, merge_sentences=merge_sentences)
+                    sentence,
+                    merge_sentences=merge_sentences,
+                    add_blank=add_blank)
                 phone_ids = input_ids["phone_ids"]
             elif args.lang == 'en':
                 input_ids = frontend.get_input_ids(
@@ -125,6 +129,12 @@ def parse_args():
         help="text to synthesize, a 'utt_id sentence' pair per line.")
     parser.add_argument("--output_dir", type=str, help="output dir.")
 
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--add-blank",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=True,
+        help="whether to add blank between phones")
+
     args = parser.parse_args()
     return args
 
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/train.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/train.py
index dbda8b7177bca068ecaeabe41679a93e153aba35..1a68d13269ab1ed54a176106f3f31edd8fab3e97 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/train.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/vits/train.py
@@ -211,13 +211,18 @@ def train_sp(args, config):
         generator_first=config.generator_first,
         output_dir=output_dir)
 
-    trainer = Trainer(updater, (config.max_epoch, 'epoch'), output_dir)
+    trainer = Trainer(
+        updater,
+        stop_trigger=(config.train_max_steps, "iteration"),
+        out=output_dir)
 
     if dist.get_rank() == 0:
-        trainer.extend(evaluator, trigger=(1, "epoch"))
-        trainer.extend(VisualDL(output_dir), trigger=(1, "iteration"))
+        trainer.extend(
+            evaluator, trigger=(config.eval_interval_steps, 'iteration'))
+        trainer.extend(VisualDL(output_dir), trigger=(1, 'iteration'))
     trainer.extend(
-        Snapshot(max_size=config.num_snapshots), trigger=(1, 'epoch'))
+        Snapshot(max_size=config.num_snapshots),
+        trigger=(config.save_interval_steps, 'iteration'))
 
     print("Trainer Done!")
     trainer.run()
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/preprocess.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/preprocess.py
index ef3a29175896d7d02f7a9df4dcc930d33f9476af..c7034aeabf8987441749956a309771f67040dfc9 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/preprocess.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/preprocess.py
@@ -143,8 +143,6 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         nargs=argparse.REMAINDER,
         help="options to overwrite --config file and the default config, passing in KEY VALUE pairs"
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="print msg")
 
     config = get_cfg_defaults()
     args = parser.parse_args()
@@ -153,8 +151,5 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     if args.opts:
         config.merge_from_list(args.opts)
     config.freeze()
-    if args.verbose:
-        print(config.data)
-        print(args)
 
     create_dataset(config.data, args.input, args.output)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/synthesize.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/synthesize.py
index 53715b01ea0f89fd7cf19f18c4643e07f28d0422..a3190c6e52c12e98b9e2873a0859ac3dc221a459 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/synthesize.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/exps/waveflow/synthesize.py
@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         nargs=argparse.REMAINDER,
         help="options to overwrite --config file and the default config, passing in KEY VALUE pairs"
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="print msg")
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
     if args.config:
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/frontend/zh_frontend.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/frontend/zh_frontend.py
index 129aa944ed3ea1c7bb52a400101cf88c34be4578..143ccbc15d44623acdac8f5a0810b480af5d614a 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/frontend/zh_frontend.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/frontend/zh_frontend.py
@@ -29,6 +29,29 @@ from paddlespeech.t2s.frontend.generate_lexicon import generate_lexicon
 from paddlespeech.t2s.frontend.tone_sandhi import ToneSandhi
 from paddlespeech.t2s.frontend.zh_normalization.text_normlization import TextNormalizer
 
+INITIALS = [
+    'b', 'p', 'm', 'f', 'd', 't', 'n', 'l', 'g', 'k', 'h', 'zh', 'ch', 'sh',
+    'r', 'z', 'c', 's', 'j', 'q', 'x'
+]
+INITIALS += ['y', 'w', 'sp', 'spl', 'spn', 'sil']
+
+
+def intersperse(lst, item):
+    result = [item] * (len(lst) * 2 + 1)
+    result[1::2] = lst
+    return result
+
+
+def insert_after_character(lst, item):
+    result = [item]
+    for phone in lst:
+        result.append(phone)
+        if phone not in INITIALS:
+            # finals has tones
+            # assert phone[-1] in "12345"
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
 
 class Frontend():
     def __init__(self,
@@ -280,12 +303,15 @@ class Frontend():
             print("----------------------------")
         return phonemes
 
-    def get_input_ids(self,
-                      sentence: str,
-                      merge_sentences: bool=True,
-                      get_tone_ids: bool=False,
-                      robot: bool=False,
-                      print_info: bool=False) -> Dict[str, List[paddle.Tensor]]:
+    def get_input_ids(
+            self,
+            sentence: str,
+            merge_sentences: bool=True,
+            get_tone_ids: bool=False,
+            robot: bool=False,
+            print_info: bool=False,
+            add_blank: bool=False,
+            blank_token: str="<pad>") -> Dict[str, List[paddle.Tensor]]:
         phonemes = self.get_phonemes(
             sentence,
             merge_sentences=merge_sentences,
@@ -299,6 +325,10 @@ class Frontend():
         for part_phonemes in phonemes:
             phones, tones = self._get_phone_tone(
                 part_phonemes, get_tone_ids=get_tone_ids)
+
+            if add_blank:
+                phones = insert_after_character(phones, blank_token)
+
             if tones:
                 tone_ids = self._t2id(tones)
                 tone_ids = paddle.to_tensor(tone_ids)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/t2s/models/vits/vits.py b/paddlespeech/t2s/models/vits/vits.py
index ab8eda26d0b9b2118fa2b06b6f9ea546abb74873..5c476be77d747dc2fb2a6879640fed1258c6bcc8 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/t2s/models/vits/vits.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/t2s/models/vits/vits.py
@@ -227,11 +227,7 @@ class VITS(nn.Layer):
             lids (Optional[Tensor]): Language index tensor (B,) or (B, 1).
             forward_generator (bool): Whether to forward generator.
         Returns:
-            Dict[str, Any]:
-                - loss (Tensor): Loss scalar tensor.
-                - stats (Dict[str, float]): Statistics to be monitored.
-                - weight (Tensor): Weight tensor to summarize losses.
-                - optim_idx (int): Optimizer index (0 for G and 1 for D).
+        
         """
         if forward_generator:
             return self._forward_generator(