# Ability
> **NOTE**
> The initial APIs of this module are supported since API version 9. Newly added APIs will be marked with a superscript to indicate their earliest API version.
Manages the ability lifecycle and context.
## Modules to Import
```
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
```
## Attributes
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
| Name| Type| Readable| Writable| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| context | [AbilityContext](js-apis-ability-context.md) | Yes| No| Context of an ability.|
| launchWant | [Want](js-apis-application-Want.md) | Yes| No| Parameters for starting the ability.|
| lastRequestWant | [Want](js-apis-application-Want.md) | Yes| No| Parameters used when the ability was started last time.|
## Ability.onCreate
onCreate(want: Want, param: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void;
Called to initialize the service logic when an ability is created.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| want | [Want](js-apis-application-Want.md) | Yes| Information related to this ability, including the ability name and bundle name.|
| param | AbilityConstant.LaunchParam | Yes| Parameters for starting the ability, and the reason for the last abnormal exit.|
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onCreate(want, param) {
console.log('onCreate, want:' + want.abilityName);
}
}
```
## Ability.onWindowStageCreate
onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void
Called when a **WindowStage** is created for this ability.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| windowStage | window.WindowStage | Yes| **WindowStage** information.|
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
console.log('onWindowStageCreate');
}
}
```
## Ability.onWindowStageDestroy
onWindowStageDestroy(): void
Called when the **WindowStage** is destroyed for this ability.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageDestroy() {
console.log('onWindowStageDestroy');
}
}
```
## Ability.onWindowStageRestore
onWindowStageRestore(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void
Called when the **WindowStage** is restored during the migration of this ability, which is a multi-instance ability.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| windowStage | window.WindowStage | Yes| **WindowStage** information.|
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageRestore(windowStage) {
console.log('onWindowStageRestore');
}
}
```
## Ability.onDestroy
onDestroy(): void;
Called when this ability is destroyed to clear resources.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onDestroy() {
console.log('onDestroy');
}
}
```
## Ability.onForeground
onForeground(): void;
Called when this ability is switched from the background to the foreground.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onForeground() {
console.log('onForeground');
}
}
```
## Ability.onBackground
onBackground(): void;
Called when this ability is switched from the foreground to the background.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onBackground() {
console.log('onBackground');
}
}
```
## Ability.onContinue
onContinue(wantParam : {[key: string]: any}): AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult;
Called to save data during the ability migration preparation process.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| wantParam | {[key: string]: any} | Yes| **want** parameter.|
**Return value**
| Type| Description|
| -------- | -------- |
| AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult | Continuation result.|
**Example**
```js
import AbilityConstant from "@ohos.application.AbilityConstant"
class myAbility extends Ability {
onContinue(wantParams) {
console.log('onContinue');
wantParams["myData"] = "my1234567";
return AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult.AGREE;
}
}
```
## Ability.onNewWant
onNewWant(want: Want): void;
Called when the ability startup mode is set to singleton.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| want | [Want](js-apis-application-Want.md) | Yes| Want parameters, such as the ability name and bundle name.|
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onNewWant(want) {
console.log('onNewWant, want:' + want.abilityName);
}
}
```
## Ability.onConfigurationUpdated
onConfigurationUpdated(config: Configuration): void;
Called when the configuration of the environment where the ability is running is updated.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| config | [Configuration](js-apis-configuration.md) | Yes| New configuration.|
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
onConfigurationUpdated(config) {
console.log('onConfigurationUpdated, config:' + JSON.stringify(config));
}
}
```
## Ability.dump
dump(params: Array\): Array\;
Called when the client information is dumped.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| params | Array\ | Yes| Parameters in the form of a command.|
**Example**
```js
class myAbility extends Ability {
dump(params) {
console.log('dump, params:' + JSON.stringify(params));
return ["params"]
}
}
```
## Caller
Implements sending of sequenceable data to the target ability when an ability (caller) invokes the target ability (callee).
## Caller.call
call(method: string, data: rpc.Sequenceable): Promise<void>;
Sends sequenceable data to the target ability.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| method | string | Yes| Notification message string negotiated between the two abilities. The message is used to instruct the callee to register a function to receive the sequenceable data.|
| data | rpc.Sequenceable | Yes| Sequenceable data. You need to customize the data.|
**Return value**
| Type| Description|
| -------- | -------- |
| Promise<void> | Promise used to return a response.|
**Example**
```js
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
class MyMessageAble{ // Custom sequenceable data structure
name:""
str:""
num: 1
constructor(name, str) {
this.name = name;
this.str = str;
}
marshalling(messageParcel) {
messageParcel.writeInt(this.num);
messageParcel.writeString(this.str);
console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
return true;
}
unmarshalling(messageParcel) {
this.num = messageParcel.readInt();
this.str = messageParcel.readString();
console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
return true;
}
};
var method = 'call_Function'; // Notification message string negotiated by the two abilities
var caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
this.context.startAbilityByCall({
bundleName: "com.example.myservice",
abilityName: "com.example.myservice.MainAbility",
deviceId: ""
}).then((obj) => {
caller = obj;
let msg = new MyMessageAble(1, "world"); // See the definition of Sequenceable.
caller.call(method, msg)
.then(() => {
console.log('Caller call() called');
}).catch((e) => {
console.log('Caller call() catch error ' + e);
});
console.log('Caller GetCaller Get ' + caller);
}).catch((e) => {
console.log('Caller GetCaller error ' + e);
});
}
}
```
## Caller.callWithResult
callWithResult(method: string, data: rpc.Sequenceable): Promise<rpc.MessageParcel>;
Sends sequenceable data to the target ability and obtains the sequenceable data returned by the target ability.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| method | string | Yes| Notification message string negotiated between the two abilities. The message is used to instruct the callee to register a function to receive the sequenceable data.|
| data | rpc.Sequenceable | Yes| Sequenceable data. You need to customize the data.|
**Return value**
| Type| Description|
| -------- | -------- |
| Promise<rpc.MessageParcel> | Promise used to return the sequenceable data from the target ability.|
**Example**
```js
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
class MyMessageAble{
name:""
str:""
num: 1
constructor(name, str) {
this.name = name;
this.str = str;
}
marshalling(messageParcel) {
messageParcel.writeInt(this.num);
messageParcel.writeString(this.str);
console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
return true;
}
unmarshalling(messageParcel) {
this.num = messageParcel.readInt();
this.str = messageParcel.readString();
console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
return true;
}
};
var method = 'call_Function';
var caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
this.context.startAbilityByCall({
bundleName: "com.example.myservice",
abilityName: "com.example.myservice.MainAbility",
deviceId: ""
}).then((obj) => {
caller = obj;
let msg = new MyMessageAble(1, "world");
caller.callWithResult(method, msg)
.then((data) => {
console.log('Caller callWithResult() called');
let retmsg = new MyMessageAble(0, "");
data.readSequenceable(retmsg);
}).catch((e) => {
console.log('Caller callWithResult() catch error ' + e);
});
console.log('Caller GetCaller Get ' + caller);
}).catch((e) => {
console.log('Caller GetCaller error ' + e);
});
}
}
```
## Caller.release
release(): void;
Releases the caller interface of the target ability.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Example**
```js
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
var caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
this.context.startAbilityByCall({
bundleName: "com.example.myservice",
abilityName: "com.example.myservice.MainAbility",
deviceId: ""
}).then((obj) => {
caller = obj;
try {
caller.release();
} catch (e) {
console.log('Caller Release error ' + e);
}
console.log('Caller GetCaller Get ' + caller);
}).catch((e) => {
console.log('Caller GetCaller error ' + e);
});
}
}
```
## Caller.onRelease
onRelease(callback: OnReleaseCallBack): void;
Registers a callback that is invoked when the Stub on the target ability is disconnected.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| callback | OnReleaseCallBack | Yes| Callback used for the **onRelease** API.|
**Example**
```js
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
var caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
this.context.startAbilityByCall({
bundleName: "com.example.myservice",
abilityName: "com.example.myservice.MainAbility",
deviceId: ""
}).then((obj) => {
caller = obj;
try {
caller.onRelease((str) => {
console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
});
} catch (e) {
console.log('Caller Release error ' + e);
}
console.log('Caller GetCaller Get ' + caller);
}).catch((e) => {
console.log('Caller GetCaller error ' + e);
});
}
}
```
## Callee
Implements callbacks for caller notification registration and deregistration.
## Callee.on
on(method: string, callback: CaleeCallBack): void;
Registers a caller notification callback, which is invoked when the target ability registers a function.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| method | string | Yes| Notification message string negotiated between the two abilities.|
| callback | CaleeCallBack | Yes| JS notification synchronization callback of the **rpc.MessageParcel** type. The callback must return at least one empty **rpc.Sequenceable** object. Otherwise, the function execution fails.|
**Example**
```js
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
class MyMessageAble{
name:""
str:""
num: 1
constructor(name, str) {
this.name = name;
this.str = str;
}
marshalling(messageParcel) {
messageParcel.writeInt(this.num);
messageParcel.writeString(this.str);
console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
return true;
}
unmarshalling(messageParcel) {
this.num = messageParcel.readInt();
this.str = messageParcel.readString();
console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
return true;
}
};
var method = 'call_Function';
function funcCallBack(pdata) {
console.log('Callee funcCallBack is called ' + pdata);
let msg = new MyMessageAble(0, "");
pdata.readSequenceable(msg);
return new MyMessageAble(10, "Callee test");
}
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
onCreate(want, launchParam) {
console.log('Callee onCreate is called');
this.callee.on(method, funcCallBack);
}
}
```
## Callee.off
off(method: string): void;
Deregisters a caller notification callback, which is invoked when the target ability registers a function.
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
**Parameters**
| Name| Type| Mandatory| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| method | string | Yes| Registered notification message string.|
**Example**
```js
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability';
var method = 'call_Function';
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
onCreate(want, launchParam) {
console.log('Callee onCreate is called');
this.callee.off(method);
}
}
```
## OnReleaseCallBack
(msg: string): void;
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
| Name| Type| Readable| Writable| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| (msg: string) | function | Yes| No| Prototype of the listener function interface registered by the caller.|
## CaleeCallBack
(indata: rpc.MessageParcel): rpc.Sequenceable;
**System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore
| Name| Type| Readable| Writable| Description|
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| (indata: rpc.MessageParcel) | rpc.Sequenceable | Yes| No| Prototype of the message listener function interface registered by the callee.|