diff --git a/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/Readme-CN.md b/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/Readme-CN.md index 575b7c7176e8169cc29860fefb7e1857f11fff36..d8261c7acaf5f437b72d1de3b447ba8a15bf3726 100755 --- a/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/Readme-CN.md +++ b/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/Readme-CN.md @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ - [标准系统编译构建指导](subsys-build-standard-large.md) - [构建系统编码规范与最佳实践](subsys-build-gn-coding-style-and-best-practice.md) - [编译构建Kconfig可视化配置指导](subsys-build-gn-kconfig-visual-config-guide.md) + - [HAP编译构建指导](subsys-build-gn-hap-compilation-guide.md) - [分布式远程启动](subsys-remote-start.md) - 图形图像 - [图形图像概述](subsys-graphics-overview.md) @@ -100,4 +101,4 @@ - [bytrace使用指导](subsys-toolchain-bytrace-guide.md) - [hdc_std使用指导](subsys-toolchain-hdc-guide.md) - [hiperf使用指导](subsys-toolchain-hiperf.md) -- [XTS测试用例开发指导](subsys-xts-guide.md) \ No newline at end of file +- [XTS测试用例开发指导](subsys-xts-guide.md) diff --git a/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/subsys-build-gn-hap-compilation-guide.md b/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/subsys-build-gn-hap-compilation-guide.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a01b95c68a77f83c4ca4366e1ed2d0970e61304 --- /dev/null +++ b/zh-cn/device-dev/subsystems/subsys-build-gn-hap-compilation-guide.md @@ -0,0 +1,335 @@ +# HAP编译构建指导 + +## 概述 + +### 基本概念 +| 术语 | 含义 | +| -------------- | ---------------------- | +| HAP | OpenHarmony Ability Package,一个HAP文件包含应用的所有内容,由代码、资源、三方库及应用配置文件组成,其文件后缀名为.hap。 | +| Ability | 应用的重要组成部分,是应用所具备能力的抽象。Ability是系统调度应用的最小单元,是能够完成一个独立功能的组件,一个应用可以包含一个或多个Ability。 | +| FA | Feature Ability,是FA模型的Ability框架下具有UI界面的Ability类型,用于与用户进行交互。Feature Ability唯一对应一种模板,即Page模板(Page Ability)。 | +| PA | Particle Ability,是在FA模型的Ability框架下无界面的Ability,主要为Feature Ability提供服务与支持,例如作为后台服务提供计算能力,或作为数据仓库提供数据访问能力。Particle Ability有三种模板,分别为Service模板(Service Ability)、Data模板(Data Ability)、以及Form模板(Form Ability)。 | +| FA模型 | 两种Ability框架模型结构的其中一种。是Ability框架在API 8及更早版本采用FA模型。FA模型将Ability分为FA(Feature Ability)和PA(Particle Ability)两种类型,其中FA支持Page Ability模板,PA支持Service ability、Data ability、以及Form ability模板。详情可参考[FA模型综述](../../application-dev/ability/fa-brief.md)。 | +| Stage模型 | 两种Ability框架模型结构的其中一种。从API 9开始支持。Stage模型将Ability分为Ability和ExtensionAbility两大类,其中ExtensionAbility又被扩展为ServiceExtensionAbility、FormExtensionAbility、DataShareExtensionAbility等等一系列ExtensionAbility。 | + +### 功能简介 +提供HAP编译构建功能,支持FA模型、Stage模型。 + +## 开发指导 + +### 编译系统提供的模板 +#### ohos_hap + +声明一个HAP目标,该目标会生成一个HAP,最终将会打包到system镜像中。 + +| 支持的变量 | 说明 | +| --------- | ---- | +| hap_profile | HAP的config.json,Stage模型对应module.json。 | +| raw_assets | 原始assets,这些assets会直接拷贝到HAP的assets目录下。 | +| resources | 资源文件,编译后放置在assets/entry/resources目录下 | +| js_assets | js资源,ace编译后放置在assets/js/default目录下。| +| ets_assets | ets资源,ace编译后放置在assets/js/default目录下 | +| deps | 当前目标的依赖 | +| shared_libraries | 当前目标依赖的native库 | +| hap_name | HAP的名字,可选,默认为目标名 | +| final_hap_path | 用户可以制定生成的HAP的位置,可选,final_hap_path中会覆盖hap_name。| +| subsystem_name | HAP从属的子系统名,需要和ohos.build中的名字对应,否则将导致无法安装到system镜像中。| +| part_name | HAP从属的部件名,同subsystem_name。| +| js2abc | 是否需要将该HAP的js代码转换为ARK的字节码。| +| ets2abc | 是否需要将该HAP的ets代码转换为ARK的字节码。| +| certificate_profile | HAP对应的授权文件,用于签名。| +| certificate_file | 证书文件,证书文件和授权文件,应用开发者需要去openharmony官网申请。| +| keystore_path | keystore文件,用于签名。| +| keystore_password | keystore的密码,用于签名。| +| key_alias | key的别名。| +| module_install_name | 安装时的HAP名称。| +| module_install_dir | 安装到system中的位置,默认安装在system/app目录下。| +| js_build_mode | 可选,用于配置HAP是“release”还是“debug”模型编译,默认“release”。| + +#### ohos_app_scope +声明一个HAP的AppScope模块,该目标的app_profile和sources会在编译时拼接到具体的entry内编译,该模板只在Stage模型下使用。 + +| 支持的变量 | 说明 | +| --------- | ---- | +| app_profile | HAP的AppScope中的app.json,只在Stage模型下使用。| +| sources | HAP的AppScope中的资源resources,只在Stage模型下使用。| + +#### ohos_js_assets +js或ets代码,ace编译后放置在assets/js/default目录下,stage模型根据代码分别放置到js或ets目录。 + +| 支持的变量 | 说明 | +| --------- | ---- | +| hap_profile | HAP的config.json,Stage模型对应module.json。| +| source_dir | js或ets代码路径,兼容FA模型的单ability配置到ability目录。| +| ets2abc | 当前为ets代码,主要用于卡片配置,其他应用可不配,使用ohos_hap中的配置。| +| js2abc | 当前为js代码,主要用于卡片配置,其他应用可不配,使用ohos_hap中的配置。| + +#### ohos_assets +原始assets,这些assets会直接拷贝到HAP的assets目录下。 + +| 支持的变量 | 说明 | +|---------- | ---- | +| sources | 原始assets的路径。| + +#### ohos_resources +资源文件,FA模型编译后放置在assets/entry/resources目录下,Stage模型编译后放置在resources目录下。 + +| 支持的变量 | 说明 | +| --------- | ---- | +| hap_profile | HAP的config.json,Stage模型对应module.json。| +| sources | 资源文件路径。| +| deps | 当前目标的依赖。Stage模型需要配置对ohos_app_scope目标的依赖。| + +### 操作步骤 + +1. 将开发完成的应用example放到applications/standard/目录下。 + +2. 配置gn脚本applications/standard/example/BUILD.gn,FA模型简单示例如下(更多BUILD.gn配置见[gn脚本配置示例](#gn脚本配置示例)): + ``` + import("//build/ohos.gni") # 引用ohos.gni + + ohos_hap("example") { + hap_profile = "./src/main/config.json" # config.json + js_assets = ["./src/main/js/default"] + raw_assets = ["./raw_assets"] + resources = ["./src/main/resources"] + shared_libraries = [ + "//third_party/libpng:libpng", # native库 + ] + certificate_profile = "../signature/systemui.p7b" # Cer文件 + hap_name = "SystemUI-NavigationBar" # 名字 + part_name = "prebuilt_hap" + subsystem_name = "applications" + } + ``` + +3. 修改applications/standard/hap/ohos.build,示例如下: + ``` + { + "subsystem": "applications", + "parts": { + "prebuilt_hap": { + "module_list": [ + ... + "//applications/standard/example:example" # 添加编译目标 + ] + } + } + } + ``` + +4. 编译命令: + ``` + # 全量编译 + ./build.sh --product-name {product_name} + + # 单独编译HAP + ./build.sh --product-name {product_name} --build-target applications/standard/example:example + ``` + +5. 编译产物,FA模型简单例子HAP解压视图如下: + ``` + Length Date Time Name + --------- ---------- ----- ---- + 1439 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/raw_assets -----> raw_assets + 354 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/entry/resources.index ------> resources + 1 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/entry/resources/base/media/attributes.key ------> resources + 1 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/entry/resources/base/media/constants.key ------> resources + 1 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/entry/resources/base/media/contents.key ------> resources + 6790 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/entry/resources/base/media/icon.png ------> resources + 1 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/entry/resources/base/media/nodes.key ------> resources + 11170 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/js/default/app.js ------> js_assets + 48 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/js/default/i18n/en-US.json ------> js_assets + 50 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/js/default/i18n/zh-CN.json ------> js_assets + 224 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/js/default/manifest.json ------> js_assets + 41481 2009-01-01 00:00 assets/js/default/pages/index/index.js ------> js_assets + 909 2009-01-01 00:00 config.json ------> hap_profile + 266248 2009-01-01 00:00 libs/libpng.z.so ------> shared_libraries + ``` + +### gn脚本配置示例 +- FA模型多ability示例 + + ``` + import("//build/ohos.gni") + + ohos_hap("dataability") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + deps = [ + ":dataability_js_assets", + ":dataability_resources", + ] + certificate_profile = "signature/openharmony_sx.p7b" + hap_name = "dataability" + part_name = "prebuilt_hap" + subsystem_name = "applications" + } + + ohos_js_assets("dataability_js_assets") { + ets2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/ets" + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + } + + ohos_resources("dataability_resources") { + sources = [ + "entry/src/main/resources", + ] + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + } + + ``` + +- FA模型Js卡片示例 + + ``` + import("//build/ohos.gni") + + ohos_hap("FormOfFaJs") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + deps = [ + ":FormOfFaJs_js_assets", + ":FormOfFaJs_resources", + ] + certificate_profile = "signature/openharmony_sx.p7b" + hap_name = "FormOfFaJs" + part_name = "prebuilt_hap" + subsystem_name = "applications" + } + + ohos_js_assets("FormOfFaJs_js_assets") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + js2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/js" + } + + ohos_resources("FormOfFaJs_resources") { + sources = [ + "entry/src/main/resources", + ] + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + } + ``` + +- FA模型Ets卡片示例 + + ``` + import("//build/ohos.gni") + + ohos_hap("FormOfFaEts") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + deps = [ + ":FormOfFaEts_js_assets", + ":FormOfFaEts_form_js_assets", + ":FormOfFaEts_resources", + ] + certificate_profile = "signature/openharmony_sx.p7b" + hap_name = "FormOfFaEts" + part_name = "prebuilt_hap" + subsystem_name = "applications" + } + + ohos_js_assets("FormOfFaEts_js_assets") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + ets2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/ets" + } + + ohos_js_assets("FormOfFaEts_form_js_assets") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + js2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/js" + } + + ohos_resources("FormOfFaEts_resources") { + sources = [ + "entry/src/main/resources", + ] + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/config.json" + } + ``` + +- Stage模型简单示例 + + ``` + import("//build/ohos.gni") + + ohos_hap("actmoduletest") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/module.json" + deps = [ + ":actmoduletest_js_assets", + ":actmoduletest_resources", + ] + certificate_profile = "signature/openharmony_sx.p7b" + hap_name = "actmoduletest" + part_name = "prebuilt_hap" + subsystem_name = "applications" + } + + ohos_app_scope("actmoduletest_app_profile") { + app_profile = "AppScope/app.json" + sources = [ "AppScope/resources" ] + } + + ohos_js_assets("actmoduletest_js_assets") { + ets2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/ets" + } + + ohos_resources("actmoduletest_resources") { + sources = [ + "entry/src/main/resources", + ] + deps = [ + ":actmoduletest_app_profile", + ] + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/module.json" + } + ``` + +- Stage模型卡片示例 + + ``` + import("//build/ohos.gni") + + ohos_hap("FormOfStageEts") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/module.json" + deps = [ + ":FormOfStageEts_js_assets", + ":FormOfStageEts_form_js_assets", + ":FormOfStageEts_resources", + ] + js_build_mode = "debug" # 默认release + certificate_profile = "signature/openharmony_sx.p7b" + hap_name = "FormOfStageEts" + part_name = "prebuilt_hap" + subsystem_name = "applications" + } + + ohos_js_assets("FormOfStageEts_js_assets") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/module.json" + ets2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/ets" + } + + ohos_js_assets("FormOfStageEts_form_js_assets") { + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/module.json" + js2abc = true + source_dir = "entry/src/main/js" + } + + ohos_app_scope("FormOfStageEts_app_profile") { + app_profile = "AppScope/app.json" + sources = [ "AppScope/resources" ] + } + + ohos_resources("FormOfStageEts_resources") { + sources = [ + "entry/src/main/resources", + ] + deps = [ + ":FormOfStageEts_app_profile", + ] + hap_profile = "entry/src/main/module.json" + } + ```