/* * uprobes-based tracing events * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as * published by the Free Software Foundation. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA * * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2010-2012 * Author: Srikar Dronamraju */ #include #include #include #include #include #include "trace_probe.h" #define UPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM "uprobes" struct trace_uprobe_filter { rwlock_t rwlock; int nr_systemwide; struct list_head perf_events; }; /* * uprobe event core functions */ struct trace_uprobe { struct list_head list; struct ftrace_event_class class; struct ftrace_event_call call; struct trace_uprobe_filter filter; struct uprobe_consumer consumer; struct inode *inode; char *filename; unsigned long offset; unsigned long nhit; unsigned int flags; /* For TP_FLAG_* */ ssize_t size; /* trace entry size */ unsigned int nr_args; struct probe_arg args[]; }; #define SIZEOF_TRACE_UPROBE(n) \ (offsetof(struct trace_uprobe, args) + \ (sizeof(struct probe_arg) * (n))) static int register_uprobe_event(struct trace_uprobe *tu); static void unregister_uprobe_event(struct trace_uprobe *tu); static DEFINE_MUTEX(uprobe_lock); static LIST_HEAD(uprobe_list); static int uprobe_dispatcher(struct uprobe_consumer *con, struct pt_regs *regs); static inline void init_trace_uprobe_filter(struct trace_uprobe_filter *filter) { rwlock_init(&filter->rwlock); filter->nr_systemwide = 0; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&filter->perf_events); } static inline bool uprobe_filter_is_empty(struct trace_uprobe_filter *filter) { return !filter->nr_systemwide && list_empty(&filter->perf_events); } /* * Allocate new trace_uprobe and initialize it (including uprobes). */ static struct trace_uprobe * alloc_trace_uprobe(const char *group, const char *event, int nargs) { struct trace_uprobe *tu; if (!event || !is_good_name(event)) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); if (!group || !is_good_name(group)) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); tu = kzalloc(SIZEOF_TRACE_UPROBE(nargs), GFP_KERNEL); if (!tu) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); tu->call.class = &tu->class; tu->call.name = kstrdup(event, GFP_KERNEL); if (!tu->call.name) goto error; tu->class.system = kstrdup(group, GFP_KERNEL); if (!tu->class.system) goto error; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tu->list); tu->consumer.handler = uprobe_dispatcher; init_trace_uprobe_filter(&tu->filter); return tu; error: kfree(tu->call.name); kfree(tu); return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); } static void free_trace_uprobe(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { int i; for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) traceprobe_free_probe_arg(&tu->args[i]); iput(tu->inode); kfree(tu->call.class->system); kfree(tu->call.name); kfree(tu->filename); kfree(tu); } static struct trace_uprobe *find_probe_event(const char *event, const char *group) { struct trace_uprobe *tu; list_for_each_entry(tu, &uprobe_list, list) if (strcmp(tu->call.name, event) == 0 && strcmp(tu->call.class->system, group) == 0) return tu; return NULL; } /* Unregister a trace_uprobe and probe_event: call with locking uprobe_lock */ static void unregister_trace_uprobe(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { list_del(&tu->list); unregister_uprobe_event(tu); free_trace_uprobe(tu); } /* Register a trace_uprobe and probe_event */ static int register_trace_uprobe(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { struct trace_uprobe *old_tp; int ret; mutex_lock(&uprobe_lock); /* register as an event */ old_tp = find_probe_event(tu->call.name, tu->call.class->system); if (old_tp) /* delete old event */ unregister_trace_uprobe(old_tp); ret = register_uprobe_event(tu); if (ret) { pr_warning("Failed to register probe event(%d)\n", ret); goto end; } list_add_tail(&tu->list, &uprobe_list); end: mutex_unlock(&uprobe_lock); return ret; } /* * Argument syntax: * - Add uprobe: p[:[GRP/]EVENT] PATH:SYMBOL[+offs] [FETCHARGS] * * - Remove uprobe: -:[GRP/]EVENT */ static int create_trace_uprobe(int argc, char **argv) { struct trace_uprobe *tu; struct inode *inode; char *arg, *event, *group, *filename; char buf[MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN]; struct path path; unsigned long offset; bool is_delete; int i, ret; inode = NULL; ret = 0; is_delete = false; event = NULL; group = NULL; /* argc must be >= 1 */ if (argv[0][0] == '-') is_delete = true; else if (argv[0][0] != 'p') { pr_info("Probe definition must be started with 'p' or '-'.\n"); return -EINVAL; } if (argv[0][1] == ':') { event = &argv[0][2]; arg = strchr(event, '/'); if (arg) { group = event; event = arg + 1; event[-1] = '\0'; if (strlen(group) == 0) { pr_info("Group name is not specified\n"); return -EINVAL; } } if (strlen(event) == 0) { pr_info("Event name is not specified\n"); return -EINVAL; } } if (!group) group = UPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM; if (is_delete) { if (!event) { pr_info("Delete command needs an event name.\n"); return -EINVAL; } mutex_lock(&uprobe_lock); tu = find_probe_event(event, group); if (!tu) { mutex_unlock(&uprobe_lock); pr_info("Event %s/%s doesn't exist.\n", group, event); return -ENOENT; } /* delete an event */ unregister_trace_uprobe(tu); mutex_unlock(&uprobe_lock); return 0; } if (argc < 2) { pr_info("Probe point is not specified.\n"); return -EINVAL; } if (isdigit(argv[1][0])) { pr_info("probe point must be have a filename.\n"); return -EINVAL; } arg = strchr(argv[1], ':'); if (!arg) goto fail_address_parse; *arg++ = '\0'; filename = argv[1]; ret = kern_path(filename, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &path); if (ret) goto fail_address_parse; inode = igrab(path.dentry->d_inode); path_put(&path); if (!inode || !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) { ret = -EINVAL; goto fail_address_parse; } ret = kstrtoul(arg, 0, &offset); if (ret) goto fail_address_parse; argc -= 2; argv += 2; /* setup a probe */ if (!event) { char *tail; char *ptr; tail = kstrdup(kbasename(filename), GFP_KERNEL); if (!tail) { ret = -ENOMEM; goto fail_address_parse; } ptr = strpbrk(tail, ".-_"); if (ptr) *ptr = '\0'; snprintf(buf, MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN, "%c_%s_0x%lx", 'p', tail, offset); event = buf; kfree(tail); } tu = alloc_trace_uprobe(group, event, argc); if (IS_ERR(tu)) { pr_info("Failed to allocate trace_uprobe.(%d)\n", (int)PTR_ERR(tu)); ret = PTR_ERR(tu); goto fail_address_parse; } tu->offset = offset; tu->inode = inode; tu->filename = kstrdup(filename, GFP_KERNEL); if (!tu->filename) { pr_info("Failed to allocate filename.\n"); ret = -ENOMEM; goto error; } /* parse arguments */ ret = 0; for (i = 0; i < argc && i < MAX_TRACE_ARGS; i++) { /* Increment count for freeing args in error case */ tu->nr_args++; /* Parse argument name */ arg = strchr(argv[i], '='); if (arg) { *arg++ = '\0'; tu->args[i].name = kstrdup(argv[i], GFP_KERNEL); } else { arg = argv[i]; /* If argument name is omitted, set "argN" */ snprintf(buf, MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN, "arg%d", i + 1); tu->args[i].name = kstrdup(buf, GFP_KERNEL); } if (!tu->args[i].name) { pr_info("Failed to allocate argument[%d] name.\n", i); ret = -ENOMEM; goto error; } if (!is_good_name(tu->args[i].name)) { pr_info("Invalid argument[%d] name: %s\n", i, tu->args[i].name); ret = -EINVAL; goto error; } if (traceprobe_conflict_field_name(tu->args[i].name, tu->args, i)) { pr_info("Argument[%d] name '%s' conflicts with " "another field.\n", i, argv[i]); ret = -EINVAL; goto error; } /* Parse fetch argument */ ret = traceprobe_parse_probe_arg(arg, &tu->size, &tu->args[i], false, false); if (ret) { pr_info("Parse error at argument[%d]. (%d)\n", i, ret); goto error; } } ret = register_trace_uprobe(tu); if (ret) goto error; return 0; error: free_trace_uprobe(tu); return ret; fail_address_parse: if (inode) iput(inode); pr_info("Failed to parse address or file.\n"); return ret; } static void cleanup_all_probes(void) { struct trace_uprobe *tu; mutex_lock(&uprobe_lock); while (!list_empty(&uprobe_list)) { tu = list_entry(uprobe_list.next, struct trace_uprobe, list); unregister_trace_uprobe(tu); } mutex_unlock(&uprobe_lock); } /* Probes listing interfaces */ static void *probes_seq_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos) { mutex_lock(&uprobe_lock); return seq_list_start(&uprobe_list, *pos); } static void *probes_seq_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos) { return seq_list_next(v, &uprobe_list, pos); } static void probes_seq_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v) { mutex_unlock(&uprobe_lock); } static int probes_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) { struct trace_uprobe *tu = v; int i; seq_printf(m, "p:%s/%s", tu->call.class->system, tu->call.name); seq_printf(m, " %s:0x%p", tu->filename, (void *)tu->offset); for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) seq_printf(m, " %s=%s", tu->args[i].name, tu->args[i].comm); seq_printf(m, "\n"); return 0; } static const struct seq_operations probes_seq_op = { .start = probes_seq_start, .next = probes_seq_next, .stop = probes_seq_stop, .show = probes_seq_show }; static int probes_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && (file->f_flags & O_TRUNC)) cleanup_all_probes(); return seq_open(file, &probes_seq_op); } static ssize_t probes_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos) { return traceprobe_probes_write(file, buffer, count, ppos, create_trace_uprobe); } static const struct file_operations uprobe_events_ops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .open = probes_open, .read = seq_read, .llseek = seq_lseek, .release = seq_release, .write = probes_write, }; /* Probes profiling interfaces */ static int probes_profile_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) { struct trace_uprobe *tu = v; seq_printf(m, " %s %-44s %15lu\n", tu->filename, tu->call.name, tu->nhit); return 0; } static const struct seq_operations profile_seq_op = { .start = probes_seq_start, .next = probes_seq_next, .stop = probes_seq_stop, .show = probes_profile_seq_show }; static int profile_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { return seq_open(file, &profile_seq_op); } static const struct file_operations uprobe_profile_ops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .open = profile_open, .read = seq_read, .llseek = seq_lseek, .release = seq_release, }; /* uprobe handler */ static int uprobe_trace_func(struct trace_uprobe *tu, struct pt_regs *regs) { struct uprobe_trace_entry_head *entry; struct ring_buffer_event *event; struct ring_buffer *buffer; u8 *data; int size, i, pc; unsigned long irq_flags; struct ftrace_event_call *call = &tu->call; local_save_flags(irq_flags); pc = preempt_count(); size = sizeof(*entry) + tu->size; event = trace_current_buffer_lock_reserve(&buffer, call->event.type, size, irq_flags, pc); if (!event) return 0; entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event); entry->ip = instruction_pointer(regs); data = (u8 *)&entry[1]; for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) call_fetch(&tu->args[i].fetch, regs, data + tu->args[i].offset); if (!filter_current_check_discard(buffer, call, entry, event)) trace_buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event, irq_flags, pc); return 0; } /* Event entry printers */ static enum print_line_t print_uprobe_event(struct trace_iterator *iter, int flags, struct trace_event *event) { struct uprobe_trace_entry_head *field; struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq; struct trace_uprobe *tu; u8 *data; int i; field = (struct uprobe_trace_entry_head *)iter->ent; tu = container_of(event, struct trace_uprobe, call.event); if (!trace_seq_printf(s, "%s: (0x%lx)", tu->call.name, field->ip)) goto partial; data = (u8 *)&field[1]; for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) { if (!tu->args[i].type->print(s, tu->args[i].name, data + tu->args[i].offset, field)) goto partial; } if (trace_seq_puts(s, "\n")) return TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED; partial: return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE; } static inline bool is_trace_uprobe_enabled(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { return tu->flags & (TP_FLAG_TRACE | TP_FLAG_PROFILE); } typedef bool (*filter_func_t)(struct uprobe_consumer *self, enum uprobe_filter_ctx ctx, struct mm_struct *mm); static int probe_event_enable(struct trace_uprobe *tu, int flag, filter_func_t filter) { int ret = 0; if (is_trace_uprobe_enabled(tu)) return -EINTR; WARN_ON(!uprobe_filter_is_empty(&tu->filter)); tu->flags |= flag; tu->consumer.filter = filter; ret = uprobe_register(tu->inode, tu->offset, &tu->consumer); if (ret) tu->flags &= ~flag; return ret; } static void probe_event_disable(struct trace_uprobe *tu, int flag) { if (!is_trace_uprobe_enabled(tu)) return; WARN_ON(!uprobe_filter_is_empty(&tu->filter)); uprobe_unregister(tu->inode, tu->offset, &tu->consumer); tu->flags &= ~flag; } static int uprobe_event_define_fields(struct ftrace_event_call *event_call) { int ret, i; struct uprobe_trace_entry_head field; struct trace_uprobe *tu = (struct trace_uprobe *)event_call->data; DEFINE_FIELD(unsigned long, ip, FIELD_STRING_IP, 0); /* Set argument names as fields */ for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) { ret = trace_define_field(event_call, tu->args[i].type->fmttype, tu->args[i].name, sizeof(field) + tu->args[i].offset, tu->args[i].type->size, tu->args[i].type->is_signed, FILTER_OTHER); if (ret) return ret; } return 0; } #define LEN_OR_ZERO (len ? len - pos : 0) static int __set_print_fmt(struct trace_uprobe *tu, char *buf, int len) { const char *fmt, *arg; int i; int pos = 0; fmt = "(%lx)"; arg = "REC->" FIELD_STRING_IP; /* When len=0, we just calculate the needed length */ pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "\"%s", fmt); for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) { pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, " %s=%s", tu->args[i].name, tu->args[i].type->fmt); } pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "\", %s", arg); for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) { pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, ", REC->%s", tu->args[i].name); } return pos; /* return the length of print_fmt */ } #undef LEN_OR_ZERO static int set_print_fmt(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { char *print_fmt; int len; /* First: called with 0 length to calculate the needed length */ len = __set_print_fmt(tu, NULL, 0); print_fmt = kmalloc(len + 1, GFP_KERNEL); if (!print_fmt) return -ENOMEM; /* Second: actually write the @print_fmt */ __set_print_fmt(tu, print_fmt, len + 1); tu->call.print_fmt = print_fmt; return 0; } #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS static bool __uprobe_perf_filter(struct trace_uprobe_filter *filter, struct mm_struct *mm) { struct perf_event *event; if (filter->nr_systemwide) return true; list_for_each_entry(event, &filter->perf_events, hw.tp_list) { if (event->hw.tp_target->mm == mm) return true; } return false; } static inline bool uprobe_filter_event(struct trace_uprobe *tu, struct perf_event *event) { return __uprobe_perf_filter(&tu->filter, event->hw.tp_target->mm); } static int uprobe_perf_open(struct trace_uprobe *tu, struct perf_event *event) { bool done; write_lock(&tu->filter.rwlock); if (event->hw.tp_target) { /* * event->parent != NULL means copy_process(), we can avoid * uprobe_apply(). current->mm must be probed and we can rely * on dup_mmap() which preserves the already installed bp's. * * attr.enable_on_exec means that exec/mmap will install the * breakpoints we need. */ done = tu->filter.nr_systemwide || event->parent || event->attr.enable_on_exec || uprobe_filter_event(tu, event); list_add(&event->hw.tp_list, &tu->filter.perf_events); } else { done = tu->filter.nr_systemwide; tu->filter.nr_systemwide++; } write_unlock(&tu->filter.rwlock); if (!done) uprobe_apply(tu->inode, tu->offset, &tu->consumer, true); return 0; } static int uprobe_perf_close(struct trace_uprobe *tu, struct perf_event *event) { bool done; write_lock(&tu->filter.rwlock); if (event->hw.tp_target) { list_del(&event->hw.tp_list); done = tu->filter.nr_systemwide || (event->hw.tp_target->flags & PF_EXITING) || uprobe_filter_event(tu, event); } else { tu->filter.nr_systemwide--; done = tu->filter.nr_systemwide; } write_unlock(&tu->filter.rwlock); if (!done) uprobe_apply(tu->inode, tu->offset, &tu->consumer, false); return 0; } static bool uprobe_perf_filter(struct uprobe_consumer *uc, enum uprobe_filter_ctx ctx, struct mm_struct *mm) { struct trace_uprobe *tu; int ret; tu = container_of(uc, struct trace_uprobe, consumer); read_lock(&tu->filter.rwlock); ret = __uprobe_perf_filter(&tu->filter, mm); read_unlock(&tu->filter.rwlock); return ret; } /* uprobe profile handler */ static int uprobe_perf_func(struct trace_uprobe *tu, struct pt_regs *regs) { struct ftrace_event_call *call = &tu->call; struct uprobe_trace_entry_head *entry; struct hlist_head *head; u8 *data; int size, __size, i; int rctx; if (!uprobe_perf_filter(&tu->consumer, 0, current->mm)) return UPROBE_HANDLER_REMOVE; __size = sizeof(*entry) + tu->size; size = ALIGN(__size + sizeof(u32), sizeof(u64)); size -= sizeof(u32); if (WARN_ONCE(size > PERF_MAX_TRACE_SIZE, "profile buffer not large enough")) return 0; preempt_disable(); entry = perf_trace_buf_prepare(size, call->event.type, regs, &rctx); if (!entry) goto out; entry->ip = instruction_pointer(regs); data = (u8 *)&entry[1]; for (i = 0; i < tu->nr_args; i++) call_fetch(&tu->args[i].fetch, regs, data + tu->args[i].offset); head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events); perf_trace_buf_submit(entry, size, rctx, entry->ip, 1, regs, head, NULL); out: preempt_enable(); return 0; } #endif /* CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS */ static int trace_uprobe_register(struct ftrace_event_call *event, enum trace_reg type, void *data) { struct trace_uprobe *tu = (struct trace_uprobe *)event->data; switch (type) { case TRACE_REG_REGISTER: return probe_event_enable(tu, TP_FLAG_TRACE, NULL); case TRACE_REG_UNREGISTER: probe_event_disable(tu, TP_FLAG_TRACE); return 0; #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS case TRACE_REG_PERF_REGISTER: return probe_event_enable(tu, TP_FLAG_PROFILE, uprobe_perf_filter); case TRACE_REG_PERF_UNREGISTER: probe_event_disable(tu, TP_FLAG_PROFILE); return 0; case TRACE_REG_PERF_OPEN: return uprobe_perf_open(tu, data); case TRACE_REG_PERF_CLOSE: return uprobe_perf_close(tu, data); #endif default: return 0; } return 0; } static int uprobe_dispatcher(struct uprobe_consumer *con, struct pt_regs *regs) { struct trace_uprobe *tu; int ret = 0; tu = container_of(con, struct trace_uprobe, consumer); tu->nhit++; if (tu->flags & TP_FLAG_TRACE) ret |= uprobe_trace_func(tu, regs); #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS if (tu->flags & TP_FLAG_PROFILE) ret |= uprobe_perf_func(tu, regs); #endif return ret; } static struct trace_event_functions uprobe_funcs = { .trace = print_uprobe_event }; static int register_uprobe_event(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { struct ftrace_event_call *call = &tu->call; int ret; /* Initialize ftrace_event_call */ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&call->class->fields); call->event.funcs = &uprobe_funcs; call->class->define_fields = uprobe_event_define_fields; if (set_print_fmt(tu) < 0) return -ENOMEM; ret = register_ftrace_event(&call->event); if (!ret) { kfree(call->print_fmt); return -ENODEV; } call->flags = 0; call->class->reg = trace_uprobe_register; call->data = tu; ret = trace_add_event_call(call); if (ret) { pr_info("Failed to register uprobe event: %s\n", call->name); kfree(call->print_fmt); unregister_ftrace_event(&call->event); } return ret; } static void unregister_uprobe_event(struct trace_uprobe *tu) { /* tu->event is unregistered in trace_remove_event_call() */ trace_remove_event_call(&tu->call); kfree(tu->call.print_fmt); tu->call.print_fmt = NULL; } /* Make a trace interface for controling probe points */ static __init int init_uprobe_trace(void) { struct dentry *d_tracer; d_tracer = tracing_init_dentry(); if (!d_tracer) return 0; trace_create_file("uprobe_events", 0644, d_tracer, NULL, &uprobe_events_ops); /* Profile interface */ trace_create_file("uprobe_profile", 0444, d_tracer, NULL, &uprobe_profile_ops); return 0; } fs_initcall(init_uprobe_trace);