diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
index 3f072f62748ba1676d8a3263d21a4e03c5e96d36..43f648437d148eb50b4c75d37c38145dca8a6a0d 100644
--- a/block.c
+++ b/block.c
@@ -1020,6 +1020,10 @@ int bdrv_commit(BlockDriverState *bs)
         return -EACCES;
     }
 
+    if (bdrv_in_use(bs) || bdrv_in_use(bs->backing_hd)) {
+        return -EBUSY;
+    }
+
     backing_drv = bs->backing_hd->drv;
     ro = bs->backing_hd->read_only;
     strncpy(filename, bs->backing_hd->filename, sizeof(filename));
diff --git a/blockdev.c b/blockdev.c
index 1f83c888e7fe96773c4f0b298154a863f1f75940..0499ee6aea5f67cd461006e5ac59675eae8715b2 100644
--- a/blockdev.c
+++ b/blockdev.c
@@ -592,12 +592,18 @@ void do_commit(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
     if (!strcmp(device, "all")) {
         bdrv_commit_all();
     } else {
+        int ret;
+
         bs = bdrv_find(device);
         if (!bs) {
             qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
             return;
         }
-        bdrv_commit(bs);
+        ret = bdrv_commit(bs);
+        if (ret == -EBUSY) {
+            qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device);
+            return;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -616,6 +622,10 @@ void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_sync(const char *device, const char *snapshot_file,
         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
         return;
     }
+    if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device);
+        return;
+    }
 
     pstrcpy(old_filename, sizeof(old_filename), bs->filename);
 
@@ -667,6 +677,10 @@ void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_sync(const char *device, const char *snapshot_file,
 
 static void eject_device(BlockDriverState *bs, int force, Error **errp)
 {
+    if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) {
+        error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
+        return;
+    }
     if (!bdrv_dev_has_removable_media(bs)) {
         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_REMOVABLE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
         return;