diff --git a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
index 8624bdee8c5b62d3190605f56b0d85dabbc6230a..8b75426c349e5ff37e0b43715303d9c2055bad85 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
@@ -1949,6 +1949,8 @@ int btrfs_commit_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
 	struct btrfs_transaction *prev_trans = NULL;
 	int ret;
 
+	ASSERT(refcount_read(&trans->use_count) == 1);
+
 	/* Stop the commit early if ->aborted is set */
 	if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(cur_trans->aborted))) {
 		ret = cur_trans->aborted;