The \f3appletviewer\fP command connects to the documents or resources designated by \f2urls\fP and displays each applet referenced by the documents in its own window. Note: if the documents referred to by \f2urls\fP do not reference any applets with the \f2OBJECT\fP, \f2EMBED\fP, or \f2APPLET\fP tag, then \f3appletviewer\fP does nothing. For details on the HTML tags that \f3appletviewer\fP supports, see
The \f3appletviewer\fP command connects to the documents or resources designated by \f2urls\fP and displays each applet referenced by the documents in its own window. Note: if the documents referred to by \f2urls\fP do not reference any applets with the \f2OBJECT\fP, \f2EMBED\fP, or \f2APPLET\fP tag, then \f3appletviewer\fP does nothing. For details on the HTML tags that \f3appletviewer\fP supports, see
\f3Note:\fP The \f3appletviewer\fP requires encoded URLs according to the escaping mechanism defined in RFC2396. Only encoded URLs are supported. However, file names must be unencoded, as specified in RFC2396.
\f3Note:\fP The \f3appletviewer\fP requires encoded URLs according to the escaping mechanism defined in RFC2396. Only encoded URLs are supported. However, file names must be unencoded, as specified in RFC2396.
." Copyright (c) 2004, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." Copyright (c) 2004, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
."
."
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." questions.
." questions.
."
."
.TH apt 1 "02 Jun 2010"
.TH apt 1 "10 May 2011"
.LP
.LP
.SH "NAME"
.SH "NAME"
...
@@ -50,21 +50,17 @@ One or more files that list source files or other options
...
@@ -50,21 +50,17 @@ One or more files that list source files or other options
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
The tool \f2apt\fP, annotation processing tool, includes a set of new reflective APIs and supporting infrastructure to process program annotations. The \f2apt\fP reflective APIs provide a build\-time, source\-based, read\-only view of program structure. These reflective APIs are designed to cleanly model the Java(TM) programming language's type system after the addition of generics. First, \f2apt\fP runs annotation processors that can produce new source code and other files. Next, \f2apt\fP can cause compilation of both original and generated source files, easing development. The reflective APIs and other APIs used to interact with the tool are subpackages of \f2com.sun.mirror\fP.
\f3Note\fP: The \f2apt\fP tool and its associated API contained in the package \f2com.sun.mirror\fP have been deprecated since JDK 7 and are planned to be removed in the next major JDK release. Use the options available in the \f2javac(1)\fP tool and the APIs contained in the packages \f2javax.annotation.processing\fP and \f2javax.lang.model\fP to process annotations.
.LP
.LP
The tool \f2apt\fP, annotation processing tool, includes reflective APIs and supporting infrastructure to process program annotations. The \f2apt\fP reflective APIs provide a build\-time, source\-based, read\-only view of program structure. These reflective APIs are designed to cleanly model the Java(TM) programming language's type system after the addition of generics. First, \f2apt\fP runs annotation processors that can produce new source code and other files. Next, \f2apt\fP can cause compilation of both original and generated source files, easing development. The reflective APIs and other APIs used to interact with the tool are subpackages of \f2com.sun.mirror\fP.
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
A fuller discussion of how the tool operates as well as instructions for developing with \f2apt\fP are in
A fuller discussion of how the tool operates as well as instructions for developing with \f2apt\fP are in
\f2The functionality of \fP\f2apt\fP has been subsumed by the annotation\-processing infrastructure that is now part of the \f2javac(1)\fP tool and standardized for use by all Java compilers. This new infrastructure relies on the language model and annotation\-processing APIs that are now part of the Java Platform. It is recommended that new annotation processor development be based on the new APIs and the \f2javac\fP tool.
.RE
.LP
.LP
.SH "OPTIONS"
.SH "OPTIONS"
.LP
.LP
...
@@ -90,6 +86,12 @@ Specify where to find annotation processor factories; if this option is used, th
...
@@ -90,6 +86,12 @@ Specify where to find annotation processor factories; if this option is used, th
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-factory classname
\-factory classname
Name of annotation processor factory to use; bypasses default discovery process
Name of annotation processor factory to use; bypasses default discovery process
.TP 3
\-version
Print version information.
.TP 3
\-X
Display information about non\-standard options.
.RE
.RE
.LP
.LP
...
@@ -109,10 +111,35 @@ Specify where to find user class files and annotation processor factories. If \f
...
@@ -109,10 +111,35 @@ Specify where to find user class files and annotation processor factories. If \f
.LP
.LP
Consult the javac(1) man page for information on \f2javac\fP options.
Consult the javac(1) man page for information on \f2javac\fP options.
.LP
.LP
.SS
Non\-Standard Options
.LP
.RS 3
.TP 3
\-XListAnnotationTypes
List found annotation types.
.TP 3
\-XListDeclarations
List specified and included declarations.
.TP 3
\-XPrintAptRounds
Print information about initial and recursive \f2apt\fP rounds.
.TP 3
\-XPrintFactoryInfo
Print information about which annotations a factory is asked to process.
.TP 3
\-XclassesAsDecls
Treat both class and source files as declarations to process.
.RE
.LP
.LP
\f3Note\fP: Because these options are non\-standard, they are subject to change without notice.
.LP
.SH "NOTES"
.SH "NOTES"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
The functionality of \f2apt\fP has been subsumed by the standard annotation\-processing infrastructure now offered by \f2javac\fP. Support for \f2apt\fP and its associated APIs may be discontinued in some future JDK release.
The \f2apt\fP tool and its associated API contained in the package \f2com.sun.mirror\fP have been deprecated since JDK 7 and are planned to be removed in the next major JDK release. Use the options available in the \f2javac(1)\fP tool and the APIs contained in the packages \f2javax.annotation.processing\fP and \f2javax.lang.model\fP to process annotations.
The \f3extcheck\fP utility checks a specified Jar file for title and version conflicts with any extensions installed in the Java(TM) SDK. Before installing an extension, you can use this utility to see if the same or a more recent version of the extension is already installed.
The \f3extcheck\fP utility checks a specified Jar file for title and version conflicts with any extensions installed in the Java(TM) SDK. Before installing an extension, you can use this utility to see if the same or a more recent version of the extension is already installed.
...
@@ -62,8 +54,6 @@ If no conflict is detected, the return code is \f20\fP.
...
@@ -62,8 +54,6 @@ If no conflict is detected, the return code is \f20\fP.
If the manifest of any jar file in the extensions directory has the same \f2Specification\-title\fP and the same or a newer \f2Specification\-version\fP number, a non\-zero error code is returned. A non\-zero error code is also returned if \f2targetfile.jar\fP does not have the \f2Specification\-title\fP or \f2Specification\-version\fP attributes in its manifest.
If the manifest of any jar file in the extensions directory has the same \f2Specification\-title\fP and the same or a newer \f2Specification\-version\fP number, a non\-zero error code is returned. A non\-zero error code is also returned if \f2targetfile.jar\fP does not have the \f2Specification\-title\fP or \f2Specification\-version\fP attributes in its manifest.
.LP
.LP
.SH "OPTIONS"
.SH "OPTIONS"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
...
@@ -76,8 +66,6 @@ Pass \f2option\fP to the Java virtual machine, where \f2option\fP is one of the
...
@@ -76,8 +66,6 @@ Pass \f2option\fP to the Java virtual machine, where \f2option\fP is one of the
." Copyright (c) 2004, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." Copyright (c) 2004, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
."
."
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." questions.
." questions.
."
."
.TH apt 1 "14 Apr 2011"
.TH apt 1 "07 May 2011"
.LP
.LP
.SH "NAME"
.SH "NAME"
...
@@ -50,7 +50,10 @@ sourcefiles
...
@@ -50,7 +50,10 @@ sourcefiles
.SH "説明"
.SH "説明"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
注釈処理ツール \f2apt\fP は、新しいリフレクト API とサポートインフラストラクチャーから構成され、プログラム注釈を処理します。\f2apt\fP リフレクト API は、 構築時のソースベースで、プログラム構造に関する読み取り専用ビューを提供します。これらのリフレクト API は、総称を追加した後に、Java(TM) プログラミング言語の型システムを正しくモデル化するように設計されています。最初に、\f2apt\fP は、新しいソースコードと他のファイルを作成する注釈プロセッサを実行します。次に、\f2apt\fP は、元のソースファイルと生成したソースファイルの両方をコンパイルするため、開発が楽になります。ツールとのインタフェースに使用されるリフレクト API などの API は、\f2com.sun.mirror\fP のサブパッケージです。
\f3注\fP: \f2apt\fP ツールと、パッケージ \f2com.sun.mirror\fP に含まれているそれに関連した API は、JDK 7 以降非推奨になっており、JDK の次のメジャーリリースで削除される予定です。\f2javac(1)\fP ツールで利用可能なオプションと、パッケージ \f2javax.annotation.processing\fP および \f2javax.lang.model\fP に含まれている API を使用して、注釈を処理してください。
.LP
.LP
注釈処理ツール \f2apt\fP は、リフレクト API とサポートインフラストラクチャーから構成され、プログラム注釈を処理します。\f2apt\fP リフレクト API は、 構築時のソースベースで、プログラム構造に関する読み取り専用ビューを提供します。これらのリフレクト API は、総称を追加した後に、Java(TM) プログラミング言語の型システムを正しくモデル化するように設計されています。最初に、\f2apt\fP は、新しいソースコードと他のファイルを作成する注釈プロセッサを実行します。次に、\f2apt\fP は、元のソースファイルと生成したソースファイルの両方をコンパイルするため、開発が楽になります。ツールとのインタフェースに使用されるリフレクト API などの API は、\f2com.sun.mirror\fP のサブパッケージです。
bundle.jar という名前の JAR ファイルがあるとします。このファイルに、キーストアの別名が jane であるユーザーの非公開鍵を使って、署名を付けるとします。キーストアは、mystore という名前で、C ドライブの working ディレクトリにあり、キーストアのパスワードは mypass、\f2jane\fP の非公開鍵のパスワードは j638klm とします。この場合、次のコマンドを実行すると、JAR ファイルに署名を付けて sbundle.jar という署名付き JAR ファイルを作成できます。
bundle.jar という名前の JAR ファイルがあるとします。このファイルに、キーストアの別名が jane であるユーザーの非公開鍵を使って、署名を付けるとします。この場合、次のコマンドを実行すると、JAR ファイルに署名を付けて sbundle.jar という署名付き JAR ファイルを作成できます。
\-keypass j638klm \-signedjar sbundle.jar bundle.jar jane
\-keypass \fP\f4<非公開鍵のパスワード>\fP\f3 \-signedjar sbundle.jar bundle.jar jane
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
...
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ bundle.jar
...
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ bundle.jar
証明書情報を使った検証
証明書情報を使った検証
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
検証時に \-verify と \-verbose オプションに加えて \f2\-certs\fP オプションを指定した場合は、 JAR ファイルの各署名者の証明書情報も出力されます。これには、証明書タイプ、署名者識別名情報 (X.509 証明書の場合のみ)、および JAR ファイルの公開鍵の証明書がキーストアエントリの証明書に一致した場合には、括弧で囲まれた署名者のキーストア別名が含まれます。次に例を示します。
検証時に \-verify と \-verbose オプションに加えて \f2\-certs\fP オプションを指定した場合は、 および JAR ファイルの各署名者の証明書情報も出力されます。これには、証明書タイプ、署名者識別名情報 (X.509 証明書の場合のみ)、および JAR ファイルの公開鍵の証明書がキーストアエントリの証明書に一致した場合には、括弧で囲まれた署名者のキーストア別名が含まれます。たとえば、
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ bundle.jar
...
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ bundle.jar
JAR ファイルが、JDK 1.1 の \f3javakey\fP ツールを使って署名されている場合、署名者はアイデンティティーデータベース内の別名です。この場合、検証の出力には i という記号が含まれます。JAR ファイルが、アイデンティティーデータベース内の別名とキーストア内の別名の両方によって署名されている場合は、k と i の両方が表示されます。
JAR ファイルが、JDK 1.1 の \f3javakey\fP ツールを使って署名されている場合、署名者はアイデンティティーデータベース内の別名です。この場合、検証の出力には i という記号が含まれます。JAR ファイルが、アイデンティティーデータベース内の別名とキーストア内の別名の両方によって署名されている場合は、k と i の両方が表示されます。
." Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
."
."
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." questions.
." questions.
."
."
.TH jar 1 "02 Jun 2010"
.TH jar 1 "10 May 2011"
.LP
.LP
.SH "Name"
.SH "Name"
...
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ jar\-The Java Archive Tool
...
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ jar\-The Java Archive Tool
.LP
.LP
\f3jar\fP combines multiple files into a single JAR archive file.
\f3jar\fP combines multiple files into a single JAR archive file.
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
...
@@ -51,9 +49,6 @@ Add index to jar file
...
@@ -51,9 +49,6 @@ Add index to jar file
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
where:
where:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
...
@@ -80,10 +75,7 @@ Option to be passed into the Java runtime environment. (There must be no space b
...
@@ -80,10 +75,7 @@ Option to be passed into the Java runtime environment. (There must be no space b
.RE
.RE
.LP
.LP
.RE
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.LP
.LP
.LP
The \f3jar\fP tool combines multiple files into a single JAR archive file. \f3jar\fP is a general\-purpose archiving and compression tool, based on ZIP and the
The \f3jar\fP tool combines multiple files into a single JAR archive file. \f3jar\fP is a general\-purpose archiving and compression tool, based on ZIP and the
.na
.na
...
@@ -92,9 +84,6 @@ The \f3jar\fP tool combines multiple files into a single JAR archive file. \f3ja
...
@@ -92,9 +84,6 @@ The \f3jar\fP tool combines multiple files into a single JAR archive file. \f3ja
http://www.gzip.org/zlib/ compression format. However, \f3jar\fP was designed mainly package java applets or applications into a single archive. When the components of an applet or application (files, images and sounds) are combined into a single archive, they can be downloaded by a java agent (like a browser) in a single HTTP transaction, rather than requiring a new connection for each piece. This dramatically improves download times. \f3jar\fP also compresses files and so further improves download time. In addition, it allows individual entries in a file to be signed by the applet author so that their origin can be authenticated. The syntax for the jar tool is almost identical to the syntax for the \f2tar\fP command. A \f3jar\fP archive can be used as a class path entry, whether or not it is compressed.
http://www.gzip.org/zlib/ compression format. However, \f3jar\fP was designed mainly package java applets or applications into a single archive. When the components of an applet or application (files, images and sounds) are combined into a single archive, they can be downloaded by a java agent (like a browser) in a single HTTP transaction, rather than requiring a new connection for each piece. This dramatically improves download times. \f3jar\fP also compresses files and so further improves download time. In addition, it allows individual entries in a file to be signed by the applet author so that their origin can be authenticated. The syntax for the jar tool is almost identical to the syntax for the \f2tar\fP command. A \f3jar\fP archive can be used as a class path entry, whether or not it is compressed.
.LP
.LP
Typical usage to combine files into a jar file is:
Typical usage to combine files into a jar file is:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -103,19 +92,15 @@ Typical usage to combine files into a jar file is:
...
@@ -103,19 +92,15 @@ Typical usage to combine files into a jar file is:
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
In this example, all the class files in the current directory are placed into the file named \f2myFile.jar\fP. The jar tool automatically generates a manifest file entry named \f2META\-INF/MANIFEST.MF\fP. It is always the first entry in the jar file. The manifest file declares meta\-information about the archive, and stores that data as \f2name\ :\ value\fP pairs. Refer to the
In this example, all the class files in the current directory are placed into the file named \f2myFile.jar\fP. The jar tool automatically generates a manifest file entry named \f2META\-INF/MANIFEST.MF\fP. It is always the first entry in the jar file. The manifest file declares meta\-information about the archive, and stores that data as \f2name\ :\ value\fP pairs. Refer to the
.na
.na
\f2JAR file specification\fP @
\f2JAR file specification\fP @
.fi
.fi
http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html#JAR%20Manifest for details explaining how the jar tool stores meta\-information in the manifest file.
http://download.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html#JAR%20Manifest for details explaining how the jar tool stores meta\-information in the manifest file.
.LP
.LP
If a jar file should include \f2name\ :\ value\fP pairs contained in an existing manifest file, specify that file using the \f2\-m\fP option:
If a jar file should include \f2name\ :\ value\fP pairs contained in an existing manifest file, specify that file using the \f2\-m\fP option:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -124,7 +109,6 @@ If a jar file should include \f2name\ :\ value\fP pairs contained in an existing
...
@@ -124,7 +109,6 @@ If a jar file should include \f2name\ :\ value\fP pairs contained in an existing
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
An existing manifest file must end with a new line character.\ \f3jar\fP does not parse the last line of a manifest file if it does not end with a new line character.
An existing manifest file must end with a new line character.\ \f3jar\fP does not parse the last line of a manifest file if it does not end with a new line character.
...
@@ -135,9 +119,6 @@ An existing manifest file must end with a new line character.\ \f3jar\fP does n
...
@@ -135,9 +119,6 @@ An existing manifest file must end with a new line character.\ \f3jar\fP does n
.LP
.LP
\f3Note:\ \fP A jar command that specifies \f2cfm\fP on the command line instead of \f2cmf\fP (the order of the m and \-f options are reversed), the \f3jar\fP command line must specify the name of the jar archive first, followed by the name of the manifest file:
\f3Note:\ \fP A jar command that specifies \f2cfm\fP on the command line instead of \f2cmf\fP (the order of the m and \-f options are reversed), the \f3jar\fP command line must specify the name of the jar archive first, followed by the name of the manifest file:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -145,15 +126,11 @@ An existing manifest file must end with a new line character.\ \f3jar\fP does n
...
@@ -145,15 +126,11 @@ An existing manifest file must end with a new line character.\ \f3jar\fP does n
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
The manifest is in a text format inspired by RFC822 ASCII format, so it is easy to view and process manifest\-file contents.
The manifest is in a text format inspired by RFC822 ASCII format, so it is easy to view and process manifest\-file contents.
.LP
.LP
To extract the files from a jar file, use \f2x\fP:
To extract the files from a jar file, use \f2x\fP:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -162,14 +139,10 @@ To extract the files from a jar file, use \f2x\fP:
...
@@ -162,14 +139,10 @@ To extract the files from a jar file, use \f2x\fP:
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
To extract individual files from a jar file, supply their filenames:
To extract individual files from a jar file, supply their filenames:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -178,7 +151,6 @@ To extract individual files from a jar file, supply their filenames:
...
@@ -178,7 +151,6 @@ To extract individual files from a jar file, supply their filenames:
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
...
@@ -186,10 +158,7 @@ Beginning with version 1.3 of the JDK, the \f2jar\fP utility supports
...
@@ -186,10 +158,7 @@ Beginning with version 1.3 of the JDK, the \f2jar\fP utility supports
.na
.na
\f2JarIndex\fP @
\f2JarIndex\fP @
.fi
.fi
http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html#JAR%20Index, which allows application class loaders to load classes more efficiently from jar files. If an application or applet is bundled into multiple jar files,\ only the necessary jar files will be downloaded and opened to load classes. This performance optimization is enabled by running \f2jar\fP with the \f2\-i\fPoption. It will generate package location information for the specified main jar file and all the jar files it depends on, which need to be specified in the \f2Class\-Path\fP attribute of the main jar file's manifest.
http://download.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html#JAR_Index, which allows application class loaders to load classes more efficiently from jar files. If an application or applet is bundled into multiple jar files,\ only the necessary jar files will be downloaded and opened to load classes. This performance optimization is enabled by running \f2jar\fP with the \f2\-i\fPoption. It will generate package location information for the specified main jar file and all the jar files it depends on, which need to be specified in the \f2Class\-Path\fP attribute of the main jar file's manifest.
@@ -209,9 +177,6 @@ The application class loader uses the information stored in this file for effici
...
@@ -209,9 +177,6 @@ The application class loader uses the information stored in this file for effici
.br
.br
.br
.br
To copy directories, first compress files in \f2dir1\fP to \f2stdout\fP, then extract from \f2stdin\fP to \f2dir2\fP (omitting the \f2\-f\fP option from both \f2jar\fP commands):
To copy directories, first compress files in \f2dir1\fP to \f2stdout\fP, then extract from \f2stdin\fP to \f2dir2\fP (omitting the \f2\-f\fP option from both \f2jar\fP commands):
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -220,7 +185,6 @@ To copy directories, first compress files in \f2dir1\fP to \f2stdout\fP, then ex
...
@@ -220,7 +185,6 @@ To copy directories, first compress files in \f2dir1\fP to \f2stdout\fP, then ex
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
...
@@ -228,11 +192,9 @@ To review command samples which use \f2jar\fP to opeate on jar files and jar fil
...
@@ -228,11 +192,9 @@ To review command samples which use \f2jar\fP to opeate on jar files and jar fil
@@ -241,9 +203,6 @@ Creates a new archive file named \f2jarfile\fP (if \f2f\fP is specified) or to s
...
@@ -241,9 +203,6 @@ Creates a new archive file named \f2jarfile\fP (if \f2f\fP is specified) or to s
.TP 3
.TP 3
u
u
Updates an existing file \f2jarfile\fP (when \f2f\fP is specified) by adding to it files and directories specified by \f2inputfiles\fP. For example:
Updates an existing file \f2jarfile\fP (when \f2f\fP is specified) by adding to it files and directories specified by \f2inputfiles\fP. For example:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -251,11 +210,7 @@ jar uf foo.jar foo.class
...
@@ -251,11 +210,7 @@ jar uf foo.jar foo.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
would add the file \f2foo.class\fP to the existing jar file \f2foo.jar\fP. The \f2\-u\fP option can also update the manifest entry, as given by this example:
would add the file \f2foo.class\fP to the existing jar file \f2foo.jar\fP. The \f2\-u\fP option can also update the manifest entry, as given by this example:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -263,7 +218,6 @@ jar umf manifest foo.jar
...
@@ -263,7 +218,6 @@ jar umf manifest foo.jar
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
updates the \f2foo.jar\fP manifest with the \f2name : value\fP pairs in \f2manifest\fP.
updates the \f2foo.jar\fP manifest with the \f2name : value\fP pairs in \f2manifest\fP.
.TP 3
.TP 3
x
x
...
@@ -274,9 +228,6 @@ Lists the table of contents from \f2jarfile\fP (if \f2f\fP is specified) or stan
...
@@ -274,9 +228,6 @@ Lists the table of contents from \f2jarfile\fP (if \f2f\fP is specified) or stan
.TP 3
.TP 3
i
i
Generate index information for the specified \f2jarfile\fP and its dependent jar files. For example:
Generate index information for the specified \f2jarfile\fP and its dependent jar files. For example:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -284,7 +235,6 @@ jar i foo.jar
...
@@ -284,7 +235,6 @@ jar i foo.jar
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
would generate an \f2INDEX.LIST\fP file in \f2foo.jar\fP which contains location information for each package in \f2foo.jar\fP and all the jar files specified in the \f2Class\-Path\fP attribute of \f2foo.jar\fP. See the index example.
would generate an \f2INDEX.LIST\fP file in \f2foo.jar\fP which contains location information for each package in \f2foo.jar\fP and all the jar files specified in the \f2Class\-Path\fP attribute of \f2foo.jar\fP. See the index example.
.TP 3
.TP 3
...
@@ -302,11 +252,9 @@ Do not create a manifest file entry (for c and u), or delete a manifest file ent
...
@@ -302,11 +252,9 @@ Do not create a manifest file entry (for c and u), or delete a manifest file ent
.TP 3
.TP 3
m
m
Includes \f2name : value\fP attribute pairs from the specified manifest file \f2manifest\fP in the file at \f2META\-INF/MANIFEST.MF\fP. \f2jar\fP adds a \f2name\ :\ value\fP pair unless an entry already exists with the same name, in which case \f2jar\fP updates its value.
Includes \f2name : value\fP attribute pairs from the specified manifest file \f2manifest\fP in the file at \f2META\-INF/MANIFEST.MF\fP. \f2jar\fP adds a \f2name\ :\ value\fP pair unless an entry already exists with the same name, in which case \f2jar\fP updates its value.
.LP
.br
.br
On the command line, the letters \f3m\fP and \f3f\fP must appear in the same order that \f2manifest\fP and \f2jarfile\fP appear. Example use:
On the command line, the letters \f3m\fP and \f3f\fP must appear in the same order that \f2manifest\fP and \f2jarfile\fP appear. Example use:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -314,22 +262,18 @@ jar cmf myManifestFile myFile.jar *.class
...
@@ -314,22 +262,18 @@ jar cmf myManifestFile myFile.jar *.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
You can add special\-purpose \f2name\ :\ value\fP attribute pairs to the manifest that aren't contained in the default manifest. For example, you can add attributes specifying vendor information, version information, package sealing, or to make JAR\-bundled applications executable. See the
You can add special\-purpose \f2name\ :\ value\fP attribute pairs to the manifest that aren't contained in the default manifest. For example, you can add attributes specifying vendor information, version information, package sealing, or to make JAR\-bundled applications executable. See the
.na
.na
\f2JAR Files\fP @
\f2JAR Files\fP @
.fi
.fi
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jar/ trail in the Java Tutorial for examples of using the \f4\-m\fP option.
http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/ trail in the Java Tutorial for examples of using the \f4\-m\fP option.
.LP
.TP 3
.TP 3
e
e
Sets \f2entrypoint\fP as the application entry point for stand\-alone applications bundled into executable jar file. The use of this option creates or overrides the \f2Main\-Class\fP attribute value in the manifest file. This option can be used during creation of jar file or while updating the jar file. This option specifies the application entry point without editing or creating the manifest file.
Sets \f2entrypoint\fP as the application entry point for stand\-alone applications bundled into executable jar file. The use of this option creates or overrides the \f2Main\-Class\fP attribute value in the manifest file. This option can be used during creation of jar file or while updating the jar file. This option specifies the application entry point without editing or creating the manifest file.
.br
.br
.br
.br
.br
For example, this command creates \f2Main.jar\fP where the \f2Main\-Class\fP attribute value in the manifest is set to \f2Main\fP:
For example, this command creates \f2Main.jar\fP where the \f2Main\-Class\fP attribute value in the manifest is set to \f2Main\fP:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -337,12 +281,7 @@ jar cfe Main.jar Main Main.class
...
@@ -337,12 +281,7 @@ jar cfe Main.jar Main Main.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
The java runtime can directly invoke this application by running the following command:
The java runtime can directly invoke this application by running the following command:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -350,11 +289,7 @@ java \-jar Main.jar
...
@@ -350,11 +289,7 @@ java \-jar Main.jar
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
If the entrypoint class name is in a package it may use either a dot (".") or slash ("/") character as the delimiter. For example, if \f2Main.class\fP is in a package called \f2foo\fP the entry point can be specified in the following ways:
If the entrypoint class name is in a package it may use either a dot (".") or slash ("/") character as the delimiter. For example, if \f2Main.class\fP is in a package called \f2foo\fP the entry point can be specified in the following ways:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -362,11 +297,7 @@ jar \-cfe Main.jar foo/Main foo/Main.class
...
@@ -362,11 +297,7 @@ jar \-cfe Main.jar foo/Main foo/Main.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
or
or
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -374,18 +305,13 @@ jar \-cfe Main.jar foo.Main foo/Main.class
...
@@ -374,18 +305,13 @@ jar \-cfe Main.jar foo.Main foo/Main.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
\f3Note:\ \fP specifying both \f2\-m\fP and \f2\-e\fP options together when the given manifest also contains the \f2Main\-Class\fP attribute results in an ambigous \f2Main.class\fP specification, leading to an error and the jar creation or update operation is aborted.
\f3Note:\ \fP specifying both \f2\-m\fP and \f2\-e\fP options together when the given manifest also contains the \f2Main\-Class\fP attribute results in an ambigous \f2Main.class\fP specification, leading to an error and the jar creation or update operation is aborted.
.LP
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-C\ dir
\-C\ dir
Temporarily changes directories (\f2cd\fP\ \f2dir\fP) during execution of the \f2jar\fP command while processing the following \f2inputfiles\fP argument. Its operation is intended to be similar to the \f2\-C\fP option of the UNIX \f2tar\fP utility.
Temporarily changes directories (\f2cd\fP\ \f2dir\fP) during execution of the \f2jar\fP command while processing the following \f2inputfiles\fP argument. Its operation is intended to be similar to the \f2\-C\fP option of the UNIX \f2tar\fP utility.
.br
.br
.br
.br
For example, this command changes to the \f2classes\fP directory and adds the \f2bar.class\fP from that directory to \f2foo.jar\fP:
For example, this command changes to the \f2classes\fP directory and adds the \f2bar.class\fP from that directory to \f2foo.jar\fP:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -393,11 +319,7 @@ jar uf foo.jar \-C classes bar.class
...
@@ -393,11 +319,7 @@ jar uf foo.jar \-C classes bar.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
This command changes to the \f2classes\fP directory and adds to \f2foo.jar\fP all files within the \f2classes\fP directory (without creating a classes directory in the jar file), then changes back to the original directory before changing to the \f2bin\fP directory to add \f2xyz.class\fP to \f2foo.jar\fP.
This command changes to the \f2classes\fP directory and adds to \f2foo.jar\fP all files within the \f2classes\fP directory (without creating a classes directory in the jar file), then changes back to the original directory before changing to the \f2bin\fP directory to add \f2xyz.class\fP to \f2foo.jar\fP.
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -405,11 +327,7 @@ jar uf foo.jar \-C classes . \-C bin xyz.class
...
@@ -405,11 +327,7 @@ jar uf foo.jar \-C classes . \-C bin xyz.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
If \f2classes\fP holds files \f2bar1\fP and \f2bar2\fP, then here's what the jar file will contain using \f2jar tf foo.jar\fP:
If \f2classes\fP holds files \f2bar1\fP and \f2bar2\fP, then here's what the jar file will contain using \f2jar tf foo.jar\fP:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -425,7 +343,6 @@ xyz.class
...
@@ -425,7 +343,6 @@ xyz.class
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-Joption
\-Joption
...
@@ -434,8 +351,6 @@ Pass \f2option\fP to the Java runtime environment, where \f2option\fP is one of
...
@@ -434,8 +351,6 @@ Pass \f2option\fP to the Java runtime environment, where \f2option\fP is one of
.LP
.LP
.SH "COMMAND LINE ARGUMENT FILES"
.SH "COMMAND LINE ARGUMENT FILES"
.LP
.LP
.LP
To shorten or simplify the jar command line, you can specify one or more files that themselves contain arguments to the \f2jar\fP command (except \f2\-J\fP options). This enables you to create jar commands of any length, overcoming command line limits imposed by the operating system.
To shorten or simplify the jar command line, you can specify one or more files that themselves contain arguments to the \f2jar\fP command (except \f2\-J\fP options). This enables you to create jar commands of any length, overcoming command line limits imposed by the operating system.
.LP
.LP
...
@@ -446,9 +361,6 @@ When executing \f2jar\fP, pass in the path and name of each argument file with t
...
@@ -446,9 +361,6 @@ When executing \f2jar\fP, pass in the path and name of each argument file with t
.br
.br
.br
.br
The example below, \f2classes.list\fP holds the names of files output by a \f2find\fP command:
The example below, \f2classes.list\fP holds the names of files output by a \f2find\fP command:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -456,14 +368,10 @@ The example below, \f2classes.list\fP holds the names of files output by a \f2fi
...
@@ -456,14 +368,10 @@ The example below, \f2classes.list\fP holds the names of files output by a \f2fi
You can then execute the \f2jar\fP command on \f2Classes.list\fP by passing it to \f2jar\fP using argfile syntax:
You can then execute the \f2jar\fP command on \f2Classes.list\fP by passing it to \f2jar\fP using argfile syntax:
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -472,13 +380,9 @@ You can then execute the \f2jar\fP command on \f2Classes.list\fP by passing it t
...
@@ -472,13 +380,9 @@ You can then execute the \f2jar\fP command on \f2Classes.list\fP by passing it t
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
An argument file can specify a path, but any filenames inside the argument file that have relative paths are relative to the current working directory, not to the path passed in. Here is an example:
An argument file can specify a path, but any filenames inside the argument file that have relative paths are relative to the current working directory, not to the path passed in. Here is an example:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -486,20 +390,14 @@ An argument file can specify a path, but any filenames inside the argument file
...
@@ -486,20 +390,14 @@ An argument file can specify a path, but any filenames inside the argument file
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.LP
.LP
.LP
To add all the files in a particular directory to an archive (overwriting contents if the archive already exists). Enumerating verbosely (with the \f2\-v\fP option) will tell you more information about the files in the archive, such as their size and last modified date.
To add all the files in a particular directory to an archive (overwriting contents if the archive already exists). Enumerating verbosely (with the \f2\-v\fP option) will tell you more information about the files in the archive, such as their size and last modified date.
To see the entry names in the jarfile, use the \f2t\fP option:
To see the entry names in the jarfile, use the \f2t\fP option:
.RS 3
.LP
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
...
@@ -619,7 +509,6 @@ images/at_work.gif
...
@@ -619,7 +509,6 @@ images/at_work.gif
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.RE
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
...
@@ -629,9 +518,6 @@ To add an index file to the jar file for speeding up class loading, use the \f2i
...
@@ -629,9 +518,6 @@ To add an index file to the jar file for speeding up class loading, use the \f2i
Example:
Example:
.br
.br
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
If you split the inter\-dependent classes for a stock trade application into three jar files: \f2main.jar\fP, \f2buy.jar\fP, and \f2sell.jar\fP.
If you split the inter\-dependent classes for a stock trade application into three jar files: \f2main.jar\fP, \f2buy.jar\fP, and \f2sell.jar\fP.
.br
.br
...
@@ -661,37 +547,33 @@ then you can use the \f2\-i\fP option to speed up the class loading time for you
...
@@ -661,37 +547,33 @@ then you can use the \f2\-i\fP option to speed up the class loading time for you
.LP
.LP
An \f2INDEX.LIST\fP file is inserted to the \f2META\-INF\fP directory. This enables the application class loader to download the specified jar files when it is searching for classes or resources.
An \f2INDEX.LIST\fP file is inserted to the \f2META\-INF\fP directory. This enables the application class loader to download the specified jar files when it is searching for classes or resources.
." Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." Copyright (c) 1994, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
." DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
."
."
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
." This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
...
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
." questions.
." questions.
."
."
.TH java 1 "02 Jun 2010"
.TH java 1 "10 May 2011"
.LP
.LP
.SH "Name"
.SH "Name"
...
@@ -36,9 +36,6 @@ java \- the Java application launcher
...
@@ -36,9 +36,6 @@ java \- the Java application launcher
.fl
.fl
.fi
.fi
.LP
.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
...
@@ -56,10 +53,7 @@ Argument passed to the \f3main\fP function.
...
@@ -56,10 +53,7 @@ Argument passed to the \f3main\fP function.
.RE
.RE
.LP
.LP
.RE
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
The \f3java\fP tool launches a Java application. It does this by starting a Java runtime environment, loading a specified class, and invoking that class's \f3main\fP method.
The \f3java\fP tool launches a Java application. It does this by starting a Java runtime environment, loading a specified class, and invoking that class's \f3main\fP method.
...
@@ -70,7 +64,7 @@ The method must be declared public and static, it must not return any value, and
...
@@ -70,7 +64,7 @@ The method must be declared public and static, it must not return any value, and
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
.fl
.fl
public static void main(String args[])
public static void main(String args[])
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
...
@@ -86,77 +80,80 @@ The Java runtime searches for the startup class, and other classes used, in thre
...
@@ -86,77 +80,80 @@ The Java runtime searches for the startup class, and other classes used, in thre
Non\-option arguments after the class name or JAR file name are passed to the \f3main\fP function.
Non\-option arguments after the class name or JAR file name are passed to the \f3main\fP function.
.LP
.LP
.SH "OPTIONS"
.SH "OPTIONS"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
The launcher has a set of standard options that are supported on the current runtime environment and will be supported in future releases. In addition, the current implementations of the virtual machines support a set of non\-standard options that are subject to change in future releases.
The launcher has a set of standard options that are supported on the current runtime environment and will be supported in future releases. In addition, the current implementations of the virtual machines support a set of non\-standard options that are subject to change in future releases.
.LP
.LP
.SH "Standard Options"
.SH "Standard Options"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-client
\-client
.LP
Select the Java HotSpot Client VM. A 64\-bit capable jdk currently ignores this option and instead uses the Java Hotspot Server VM.
Select the Java HotSpot Client VM. A 64\-bit capable jdk currently ignores this option and instead uses the Java Hotspot Server VM.
Specify a list of directories, JAR archives, and ZIP archives to search for class files. Class path entries are separated by colons (\f3:\fP). Specifying \f3\-classpath\fP or \f3\-cp\fP overrides any setting of the \f3CLASSPATH\fP environment variable.
Specify a list of directories, JAR archives, and ZIP archives to search for class files. Class path entries are separated by colons (\f3:\fP). Specifying \f3\-classpath\fP or \f3\-cp\fP overrides any setting of the \f3CLASSPATH\fP environment variable.
.LP
.br
.br
If \f3\-classpath\fP and \f3\-cp\fP are not used and \f3CLASSPATH\fP is not set, the user class path consists of the current directory (\f4.\fP).
If \f3\-classpath\fP and \f3\-cp\fP are not used and \f3CLASSPATH\fP is not set, the user class path consists of the current directory (\f4.\fP).
.LP
.br
.br
As a special convenience, a class path element containing a basename of \f2*\fP is considered equivalent to specifying a list of all the files in the directory with the extension \f2.jar\fP or \f2.JAR\fP (a java program cannot tell the difference between the two invocations).
As a special convenience, a class path element containing a basename of \f2*\fP is considered equivalent to specifying a list of all the files in the directory with the extension \f2.jar\fP or \f2.JAR\fP (a java program cannot tell the difference between the two invocations).
.br
.br
.br
.br
For example, if directory \f2foo\fP contains \f2a.jar\fP and \f2b.JAR\fP, then the class path element \f2foo/*\fP is expanded to a \f2A.jar:b.JAR\fP, except that the order of jar files is unspecified. All jar files in the specified directory, even hidden ones, are included in the list. A classpath entry consisting simply of \f2*\fP expands to a list of all the jar files in the current directory. The \f2CLASSPATH\fP environment variable, where defined, will be similarly expanded. Any classpath wildcard expansion occurs before the Java virtual machine is started \-\- no Java program will ever see unexpanded wildcards except by querying the environment. For example; by invoking \f2System.getenv("CLASSPATH")\fP.
For example, if directory \f2foo\fP contains \f2a.jar\fP and \f2b.JAR\fP, then the class path element \f2foo/*\fP is expanded to a \f2A.jar:b.JAR\fP, except that the order of jar files is unspecified. All jar files in the specified directory, even hidden ones, are included in the list. A classpath entry consisting simply of \f2*\fP expands to a list of all the jar files in the current directory. The \f2CLASSPATH\fP environment variable, where defined, will be similarly expanded. Any classpath wildcard expansion occurs before the Java virtual machine is started \-\- no Java program will ever see unexpanded wildcards except by querying the environment. For example; by invoking \f2System.getenv("CLASSPATH")\fP.
@@ -165,18 +162,22 @@ Set a system property value.
...
@@ -165,18 +162,22 @@ Set a system property value.
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-d64
\-d64
Request that the program to be run in a 32\-bit or 64\-bit environment, respectively. If the requested environment is not installed or is not supported, an error is reported.
Request that the program to be run in a 32\-bit or 64\-bit environment, respectively. If the requested environment is not installed or is not supported, an error is reported.
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Currently only the Java HotSpot Server VM supports 64\-bit operation, and the "\-server" option is implicit with the use of \-d64. And the "\-client" option is ignored with the use of \-d64. This is subject to change in a future release.
Currently only the Java HotSpot Server VM supports 64\-bit operation, and the "\-server" option is implicit with the use of \-d64. And the "\-client" option is ignored with the use of \-d64. This is subject to change in a future release.
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If neither \f3\-d32\fP nor \f3\-d64\fP is specified, the default is to run in a 32\-bit environment, except for 64\-bit only systems. This is subject to change in a future release.
If neither \f3\-d32\fP nor \f3\-d64\fP is specified, the default is to run in a 32\-bit environment, except for 64\-bit only systems. This is subject to change in a future release.
Enable assertions. Assertions are disabled by default.
Enable assertions. Assertions are disabled by default.
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With no arguments, \f3enableassertions\fP or \f3\-ea\fP enables assertions. With one argument ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch enables assertions in the specified package and any subpackages. If the argument is simply \f2"..."\fP, the switch enables assertions in the unnamed package in the current working directory. With one argument not ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch enables assertions in the specified class.
With no arguments, \f3enableassertions\fP or \f3\-ea\fP enables assertions. With one argument ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch enables assertions in the specified package and any subpackages. If the argument is simply \f2"..."\fP, the switch enables assertions in the unnamed package in the current working directory. With one argument not ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch enables assertions in the specified class.
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If a single command line contains multiple instances of these switches, they are processed in order before loading any classes. So, for example, to run a program with assertions enabled only in package \f2com.wombat.fruitbat\fP (and any subpackages), the following command could be used:
If a single command line contains multiple instances of these switches, they are processed in order before loading any classes. So, for example, to run a program with assertions enabled only in package \f2com.wombat.fruitbat\fP (and any subpackages), the following command could be used:
The \f3\-enableassertions\fP and \f3\-ea\fP switches apply to \f2all\fP class loaders and to system classes (which do not have a class loader). There is one exception to this rule: in their no\-argument form, the switches do \f2not\fP apply to system. This makes it easy to turn on asserts in all classes except for system classes. A separate switch is provided to enable asserts in all system classes; see \f3\-enablesystemassertions\fP below.
The \f3\-enableassertions\fP and \f3\-ea\fP switches apply to \f2all\fP class loaders and to system classes (which do not have a class loader). There is one exception to this rule: in their no\-argument form, the switches do \f2not\fP apply to system. This makes it easy to turn on asserts in all classes except for system classes. A separate switch is provided to enable asserts in all system classes; see \f3\-enablesystemassertions\fP below.
With no arguments, \f3disableassertions\fP or \f3\-da\fP disables assertions. With one argument ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch disables assertions in the specified package and any subpackages. If the argument is simply \f2"..."\fP, the switch disables assertions in the unnamed package in the current working directory. With one argument not ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch disables assertions in the specified class.
With no arguments, \f3disableassertions\fP or \f3\-da\fP disables assertions. With one argument ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch disables assertions in the specified package and any subpackages. If the argument is simply \f2"..."\fP, the switch disables assertions in the unnamed package in the current working directory. With one argument not ending in \f2"..."\fP, the switch disables assertions in the specified class.
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To run a program with assertions enabled in package \f2com.wombat.fruitbat\fP but disabled in class \f2com.wombat.fruitbat.Brickbat\fP, the following command could be used:
To run a program with assertions enabled in package \f2com.wombat.fruitbat\fP but disabled in class \f2com.wombat.fruitbat.Brickbat\fP, the following command could be used:
The \f3\-disableassertions\fP and \f3\-da\fP switches apply to \f2all\fP class loaders and to system classes (which do not have a class loader). There is one exception to this rule: in their no\-argument form, the switches do \f2not\fP apply to system. This makes it easy to turn on asserts in all classes except for system classes. A separate switch is provided to enable asserts in all system classes; see \f3\-disablesystemassertions\fP below.
The \f3\-disableassertions\fP and \f3\-da\fP switches apply to \f2all\fP class loaders and to system classes (which do not have a class loader). There is one exception to this rule: in their no\-argument form, the switches do \f2not\fP apply to system. This makes it easy to turn on asserts in all classes except for system classes. A separate switch is provided to enable asserts in all system classes; see \f3\-disablesystemassertions\fP below.
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-enablesystemassertions
\-enablesystemassertions
...
@@ -215,29 +216,36 @@ Enable asserts in all system classes (sets the \f2default assertion status\fP fo
...
@@ -215,29 +216,36 @@ Enable asserts in all system classes (sets the \f2default assertion status\fP fo
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-dsa
\-dsa
Disables asserts in all system classes.
Disables asserts in all system classes.
.LP
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-jar
\-jar
Execute a program encapsulated in a JAR file. The first argument is the name of a JAR file instead of a startup class name. In order for this option to work, the manifest of the JAR file must contain a line of the form \f3Main\-Class: \fP\f4classname\fP. Here, \f2classname\fP identifies the class having the \f2public\ static\ void\ main(String[]\ args)\fP method that serves as your application's starting point. See the jar(1) and the Jar trail of the
Execute a program encapsulated in a JAR file. The first argument is the name of a JAR file instead of a startup class name. In order for this option to work, the manifest of the JAR file must contain a line of the form \f3Main\-Class: \fP\f4classname\fP. Here, \f2classname\fP identifies the class having the \f2public\ static\ void\ main(String[]\ args)\fP method that serves as your application's starting point. See the jar(1) and the Jar trail of the
.na
.na
\f2Java Tutorial\fP @
\f2Java Tutorial\fP @
.fi
.fi
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jar for information about working with Jar files and Jar\-file manifests.
http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar for information about working with Jar files and Jar\-file manifests.
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When you use this option, the JAR file is the source of all user classes, and other user class path settings are ignored.
When you use this option, the JAR file is the source of all user classes, and other user class path settings are ignored.
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Note that JAR files that can be run with the "java \-jar" option can have their execute permissions set so they can be run without using "java \-jar". Refer to
Note that JAR files that can be run with the "java \-jar" option can have their execute permissions set so they can be run without using "java \-jar". Refer to
@@ -255,7 +263,8 @@ Display version information and exit.
...
@@ -255,7 +263,8 @@ Display version information and exit.
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-version:release
\-version:release
Specifies that the version specified by \f2release\fP is required by the class or jar file specified on the command line. If the version of the java command invoked does not meet this specification and an appropriate implementation is found on the system, the appropriate implementation will be used.
Specifies that the version specified by \f2release\fP is required by the class or jar file specified on the command line. If the version of the java command invoked does not meet this specification and an appropriate implementation is found on the system, the appropriate implementation will be used.
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\f2release\fP not only can specify an exact version, but can also specify a list of versions called a version string. A version string is an ordered list of version ranges separated by spaces. A version range is either a version\-id, a version\-id followed by a star (*), a version\-id followed by a plus sign (+) , or two version\-ranges combined using an ampersand (&). The star means prefix match, the plus sign means this version or greater, and the ampersand means the logical anding of the two version\-ranges. For example:
\f2release\fP not only can specify an exact version, but can also specify a list of versions called a version string. A version string is an ordered list of version ranges separated by spaces. A version range is either a version\-id, a version\-id followed by a star (*), a version\-id followed by a plus sign (+) , or two version\-ranges combined using an ampersand (&). The star means prefix match, the plus sign means this version or greater, and the ampersand means the logical anding of the two version\-ranges. For example:
.nf
.nf
\f3
\f3
...
@@ -265,9 +274,11 @@ Specifies that the version specified by \f2release\fP is required by the class o
...
@@ -265,9 +274,11 @@ Specifies that the version specified by \f2release\fP is required by the class o
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
The meaning of the above is that the class or jar file requires either version 1.6.0_13, or a version with 1.6 as a version\-id prefix and that is not less than 1.6.0_10.. The exact syntax and definition of version strings may be found in Appendix A of the Java Network Launching Protocol & API Specification (JSR\-56).
The meaning of the above is that the class or jar file requires either version 1.6.0_13, or a version with 1.6 as a version\-id prefix and that is not less than 1.6.0_10.. The exact syntax and definition of version strings may be found in Appendix A of the Java Network Launching Protocol & API Specification (JSR\-56).
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For jar files, the usual preference is to specify version requirements in the jar file manifest rather than on the command line.
For jar files, the usual preference is to specify version requirements in the jar file manifest rather than on the command line.
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See the following NOTES section for important policy information on the use of this option.
See the following NOTES section for important policy information on the use of this option.
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-showversion
\-showversion
...
@@ -278,6 +289,9 @@ Display version information and continue.
...
@@ -278,6 +289,9 @@ Display version information and continue.
\-help
\-help
Display usage information and exit.
Display usage information and exit.
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-splash:imagepath
Show splash screen with image specified by \f2imagepath\fP.
.TP 3
\-X
\-X
Display information about non\-standard options and exit.
Display information about non\-standard options and exit.
.RE
.RE
...
@@ -285,9 +299,6 @@ Display information about non\-standard options and exit.
...
@@ -285,9 +299,6 @@ Display information about non\-standard options and exit.
.LP
.LP
.SS
.SS
Non\-Standard Options
Non\-Standard Options
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.RS 3
.LP
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
...
@@ -320,17 +331,19 @@ Enable the incremental garbage collector. The incremental garbage collector, whi
...
@@ -320,17 +331,19 @@ Enable the incremental garbage collector. The incremental garbage collector, whi
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-Xloggc:file
\-Xloggc:file
Report on each garbage collection event, as with \-verbose:gc, but log this data to \f2file\fP. In addition to the information \f2\-verbose:gc\fP gives, each reported event will be preceeded by the time (in seconds) since the first garbage\-collection event.
Report on each garbage collection event, as with \-verbose:gc, but log this data to \f2file\fP. In addition to the information \f2\-verbose:gc\fP gives, each reported event will be preceeded by the time (in seconds) since the first garbage\-collection event.
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Always use a local file system for storage of this file to avoid stalling the JVM due to network latency. The file may be truncated in the case of a full file system and logging will continue on the truncated file. This option overrides \f2\-verbose:gc\fP if both are given on the command line.
Always use a local file system for storage of this file to avoid stalling the JVM due to network latency. The file may be truncated in the case of a full file system and logging will continue on the truncated file. This option overrides \f2\-verbose:gc\fP if both are given on the command line.
.LP
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-Xmsn
\-Xmsn
Specify the initial size, in bytes, of the memory allocation pool. This value must be a multiple of 1024 greater than 1MB. Append the letter \f2k\fP or \f2K\fP to indicate kilobytes, or \f2m\fP or \f2M\fP to indicate megabytes. The default value is chosen at runtime based on system configuration. For more information, see HotSpot Ergonomics
Specify the initial size, in bytes, of the memory allocation pool. This value must be a multiple of 1024 greater than 1MB. Append the letter \f2k\fP or \f2K\fP to indicate kilobytes, or \f2m\fP or \f2M\fP to indicate megabytes. The default value is chosen at runtime based on system configuration. For more information, see
Specify the maximum size, in bytes, of the memory allocation pool. This value must a multiple of 1024 greater than 2MB. Append the letter \f2k\fP or \f2K\fP to indicate kilobytes, or \f2m\fP or \f2M\fP to indicate megabytes. The default value is chosen at runtime based on system configuration. For more information, see HotSpot Ergonomics
Specify the maximum size, in bytes, of the memory allocation pool. This value must a multiple of 1024 greater than 2MB. Append the letter \f2k\fP or \f2K\fP to indicate kilobytes, or \f2m\fP or \f2M\fP to indicate megabytes. The default value is chosen at runtime based on system configuration. For more information, see
On Solaris 7 and Solaris 8 SPARC platforms, the upper limit for this value is approximately 4000m minus overhead amounts. On Solaris 2.6 and x86 platforms, the upper limit is approximately 2000m minus overhead amounts. On Linux platforms, the upper limit is approximately 2000m minus overhead amounts.
On Solaris 7 and Solaris 8 SPARC platforms, the upper limit for this value is approximately 4000m minus overhead amounts. On Solaris 2.6 and x86 platforms, the upper limit is approximately 2000m minus overhead amounts. On Linux platforms, the upper limit is approximately 2000m minus overhead amounts.
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-Xprof
\-Xprof
Profiles the running program, and sends profiling data to standard output. This option is provided as a utility that is useful in program development and is not intended to be used in production systems.
Profiles the running program, and sends profiling data to standard output. This option is provided as a utility that is useful in program development and is not intended to be used in production systems.
.LP
.TP 3
.TP 3
\-Xrs
\-Xrs
Reduces use of operating\-system signals by the Java virtual machine (JVM).
Reduces use of operating\-system signals by the Java virtual machine (JVM).
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In a previous release, the Shutdown Hooks facility was added to allow orderly shutdown of a Java application. The intent was to allow user cleanup code (such as closing database connections) to run at shutdown, even if the JVM terminates abruptly.
In a previous release, the Shutdown Hooks facility was added to allow orderly shutdown of a Java application. The intent was to allow user cleanup code (such as closing database connections) to run at shutdown, even if the JVM terminates abruptly.
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Sun's JVM catches signals to implement shutdown hooks for abnormal JVM termination. The JVM uses SIGHUP, SIGINT, and SIGTERM to initiate the running of shutdown hooks.
Sun's JVM catches signals to implement shutdown hooks for abnormal JVM termination. The JVM uses SIGHUP, SIGINT, and SIGTERM to initiate the running of shutdown hooks.
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The JVM uses a similar mechanism to implement the pre\-1.2 feature of dumping thread stacks for debugging purposes. Sun's JVM uses SIGQUIT to perform thread dumps.
The JVM uses a similar mechanism to implement the pre\-1.2 feature of dumping thread stacks for debugging purposes. Sun's JVM uses SIGQUIT to perform thread dumps.
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Applications embedding the JVM frequently need to trap signals like SIGINT or SIGTERM, which can lead to interference with the JVM's own signal handlers. The \f3\-Xrs\fP command\-line option is available to address this issue. When \f3\-Xrs\fP is used on Sun's JVM, the signal masks for SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGHUP, and SIGQUIT are not changed by the JVM, and signal handlers for these signals are not installed.
Applications embedding the JVM frequently need to trap signals like SIGINT or SIGTERM, which can lead to interference with the JVM's own signal handlers. The \f3\-Xrs\fP command\-line option is available to address this issue. When \f3\-Xrs\fP is used on Sun's JVM, the signal masks for SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGHUP, and SIGQUIT are not changed by the JVM, and signal handlers for these signals are not installed.
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There are two consequences of specifying \f3\-Xrs\fP:
There are two consequences of specifying \f3\-Xrs\fP:
.RS 3
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.TP 2
.TP 2
...
@@ -402,12 +419,11 @@ The VM uses \f2SIGUSR1\fP and \f2SIGUSR2\fP by default, which can sometimes conf
...
@@ -402,12 +419,11 @@ The VM uses \f2SIGUSR1\fP and \f2SIGUSR2\fP by default, which can sometimes conf
.RE
.RE
.LP
.LP
.RE
.SH "NOTES"
.SH "NOTES"
.LP
.LP
.LP
.LP
The \f3\-version:\fP\f2release\fP command line option places no restrictions on the complexity of the release specification. However, only a restricted subset of the possible release specifications represent sound policy and only these are fully supported. These policies are:
The \f3\-version:\fP\f2release\fP command line option places no restrictions on the complexity of the release specification. However, only a restricted subset of the possible release specifications represent sound policy and only these are fully supported. These policies are:
.LP
.RS 3
.RS 3
.TP 3
.TP 3
1.
1.
...
@@ -422,8 +438,7 @@ Any version greater than an arbitrarily precise version\-id. For example:
...
@@ -422,8 +438,7 @@ Any version greater than an arbitrarily precise version\-id. For example:
.fl
.fl
\fP
\fP
.fi
.fi
.LP
This would utilize any version greater than \f21.6.0_10\fP. This is useful for a case where an interface was introduced (or a bug fixed) in the release specified.
Would utilize any version greater than 1.6.0_10. This is useful for a case where an interface was introduced (or a bug fixed) in the release specified.
.TP 3
.TP 3
3.
3.
A version greater than an arbitrarily precise version\-id, bounded by the upper bound of that release family. For example:
A version greater than an arbitrarily precise version\-id, bounded by the upper bound of that release family. For example:
...
@@ -448,9 +463,22 @@ Similar to item 2. this is useful when a change was introduced in a release (1.7
...
@@ -448,9 +463,22 @@ Similar to item 2. this is useful when a change was introduced in a release (1.7
.RE
.RE
.LP
.LP
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.SH "EXIT STATUS"
.LP
.LP
The following exit values are generally returned by the launcher, typically when the launcher is called with the wrong arguments, serious errors, or exceptions thrown from the Java Virtual Machine. However, a Java application may choose to return any value using the API call \f2System.exit(exitValue)\fP.
