/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 *
 */

#include "precompiled.hpp"
#include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
#include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
#include "code/codeCache.hpp"
#include "code/icBuffer.hpp"
#include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
#include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
#include "memory/genMarkSweep.hpp"
#include "memory/genOopClosures.inline.hpp"
#include "memory/generation.inline.hpp"
#include "memory/modRefBarrierSet.hpp"
#include "memory/referencePolicy.hpp"
#include "memory/space.hpp"
#include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
#include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
#include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
#include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
#include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
#include "utilities/copy.hpp"
#include "utilities/events.hpp"
#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux
# include "thread_linux.inline.hpp"
#endif
#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris
# include "thread_solaris.inline.hpp"
#endif
#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
# include "thread_windows.inline.hpp"
#endif
#ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_bsd
# include "thread_bsd.inline.hpp"
#endif

void GenMarkSweep::invoke_at_safepoint(int level, ReferenceProcessor* rp,
  bool clear_all_softrefs) {
  assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be at a safepoint");

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
#ifdef ASSERT
  if (gch->collector_policy()->should_clear_all_soft_refs()) {
    assert(clear_all_softrefs, "Policy should have been checked earlier");
  }
#endif

  // hook up weak ref data so it can be used during Mark-Sweep
  assert(ref_processor() == NULL, "no stomping");
  assert(rp != NULL, "should be non-NULL");
  _ref_processor = rp;
  rp->setup_policy(clear_all_softrefs);

  TraceTime t1(GCCauseString("Full GC", gch->gc_cause()), PrintGC && !PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);

  // When collecting the permanent generation Method*s may be moving,
  // so we either have to flush all bcp data or convert it into bci.
  CodeCache::gc_prologue();
  Threads::gc_prologue();

  // Increment the invocation count
  _total_invocations++;

  // Capture heap size before collection for printing.
  size_t gch_prev_used = gch->used();

  // Some of the card table updates below assume that the perm gen is
  // also being collected.
  assert(level == gch->n_gens() - 1,
         "All generations are being collected, ergo perm gen too.");

  // Capture used regions for each generation that will be
  // subject to collection, so that card table adjustments can
  // be made intelligently (see clear / invalidate further below).
  gch->save_used_regions(level);

  allocate_stacks();

  mark_sweep_phase1(level, clear_all_softrefs);

  mark_sweep_phase2();

  // Don't add any more derived pointers during phase3
  COMPILER2_PRESENT(assert(DerivedPointerTable::is_active(), "Sanity"));
  COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTable::set_active(false));

  mark_sweep_phase3(level);

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(
    if (ValidateMarkSweep) {
      guarantee(_root_refs_stack->length() == 0, "should be empty by now");
    }
  )

  mark_sweep_phase4();

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(
    if (ValidateMarkSweep) {
      guarantee(_live_oops->length() == _live_oops_moved_to->length(),
                "should be the same size");
    }
  )

  restore_marks();

  // Set saved marks for allocation profiler (and other things? -- dld)
  // (Should this be in general part?)
  gch->save_marks();

  deallocate_stacks();

  // If compaction completely evacuated all generations younger than this
  // one, then we can clear the card table.  Otherwise, we must invalidate
  // it (consider all cards dirty).  In the future, we might consider doing
  // compaction within generations only, and doing card-table sliding.
  bool all_empty = true;
  for (int i = 0; all_empty && i < level; i++) {
    Generation* g = gch->get_gen(i);
    all_empty = all_empty && gch->get_gen(i)->used() == 0;
  }
  GenRemSet* rs = gch->rem_set();
  // Clear/invalidate below make use of the "prev_used_regions" saved earlier.
  if (all_empty) {
    // We've evacuated all generations below us.
    Generation* g = gch->get_gen(level);
    rs->clear_into_younger(g);
  } else {
    // Invalidate the cards corresponding to the currently used
    // region and clear those corresponding to the evacuated region
    // of all generations just collected (i.e. level and younger).
    rs->invalidate_or_clear(gch->get_gen(level),
                            true /* younger */);
  }

  Threads::gc_epilogue();
  CodeCache::gc_epilogue();
  JvmtiExport::gc_epilogue();

  if (PrintGC && !PrintGCDetails) {
    gch->print_heap_change(gch_prev_used);
  }

  // refs processing: clean slate
  _ref_processor = NULL;

  // Update heap occupancy information which is used as
  // input to soft ref clearing policy at the next gc.
  Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();

  // Update time of last gc for all generations we collected
  // (which curently is all the generations in the heap).
  // We need to use a monotonically non-deccreasing time in ms
  // or we will see time-warp warnings and os::javaTimeMillis()
  // does not guarantee monotonicity.
  jlong now = os::javaTimeNanos() / NANOSECS_PER_MILLISEC;
  gch->update_time_of_last_gc(now);
}

void GenMarkSweep::allocate_stacks() {
  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
  // Scratch request on behalf of oldest generation; will do no
  // allocation.
  ScratchBlock* scratch = gch->gather_scratch(gch->_gens[gch->_n_gens-1], 0);

  // $$$ To cut a corner, we'll only use the first scratch block, and then
  // revert to malloc.
  if (scratch != NULL) {
    _preserved_count_max =
      scratch->num_words * HeapWordSize / sizeof(PreservedMark);
  } else {
    _preserved_count_max = 0;
  }

  _preserved_marks = (PreservedMark*)scratch;
  _preserved_count = 0;

#ifdef VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP
  if (ValidateMarkSweep) {
    _root_refs_stack    = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<void*>(100, true);
    _other_refs_stack   = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<void*>(100, true);
    _adjusted_pointers  = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<void*>(100, true);
    _live_oops          = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<oop>(100, true);
    _live_oops_moved_to = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<oop>(100, true);
    _live_oops_size     = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<size_t>(100, true);
  }
  if (RecordMarkSweepCompaction) {
    if (_cur_gc_live_oops == NULL) {
      _cur_gc_live_oops           = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);
      _cur_gc_live_oops_moved_to  = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);
      _cur_gc_live_oops_size      = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<size_t>(100, true);
      _last_gc_live_oops          = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);
      _last_gc_live_oops_moved_to = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<HeapWord*>(100, true);
      _last_gc_live_oops_size     = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtGC) GrowableArray<size_t>(100, true);
    } else {
      _cur_gc_live_oops->clear();
      _cur_gc_live_oops_moved_to->clear();
      _cur_gc_live_oops_size->clear();
    }
  }
#endif
}


void GenMarkSweep::deallocate_stacks() {
  if (!UseG1GC) {
    GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
    gch->release_scratch();
  }

  _preserved_mark_stack.clear(true);
  _preserved_oop_stack.clear(true);
  _marking_stack.clear();
  _objarray_stack.clear(true);

#ifdef VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP
  if (ValidateMarkSweep) {
    delete _root_refs_stack;
    delete _other_refs_stack;
    delete _adjusted_pointers;
    delete _live_oops;
    delete _live_oops_size;
    delete _live_oops_moved_to;
    _live_oops_index = 0;
    _live_oops_index_at_perm = 0;
  }
#endif
}

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase1(int level,
                                  bool clear_all_softrefs) {
  // Recursively traverse all live objects and mark them
  TraceTime tm("phase 1", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);
  trace(" 1");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking());

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  // Because follow_root_closure is created statically, cannot
  // use OopsInGenClosure constructor which takes a generation,
  // as the Universe has not been created when the static constructors
  // are run.
  follow_root_closure.set_orig_generation(gch->get_gen(level));

  // Need new claim bits before marking starts.
  ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();

  gch->gen_process_strong_roots(level,
                                false, // Younger gens are not roots.
                                true,  // activate StrongRootsScope
                                false, // not scavenging
                                SharedHeap::SO_SystemClasses,
                                &follow_root_closure,
                                true,   // walk code active on stacks
                                &follow_root_closure,
                                &follow_klass_closure);

  // Process reference objects found during marking
  {
    ref_processor()->setup_policy(clear_all_softrefs);
    ref_processor()->process_discovered_references(
      &is_alive, &keep_alive, &follow_stack_closure, NULL);
  }

  // Follow system dictionary roots and unload classes
  bool purged_class = SystemDictionary::do_unloading(&is_alive);

  // Follow code cache roots
  CodeCache::do_unloading(&is_alive, purged_class);
  follow_stack(); // Flush marking stack

  // Update subklass/sibling/implementor links of live klasses
  Klass::clean_weak_klass_links(&is_alive);
  assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "just drained");

  // Visit interned string tables and delete unmarked oops
  StringTable::unlink(&is_alive);
  // Clean up unreferenced symbols in symbol table.
  SymbolTable::unlink();

  assert(_marking_stack.is_empty(), "stack should be empty by now");
}


void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase2() {
  // Now all live objects are marked, compute the new object addresses.

  // It is imperative that we traverse perm_gen LAST. If dead space is
  // allowed a range of dead object may get overwritten by a dead int
  // array. If perm_gen is not traversed last a Klass* may get
  // overwritten. This is fine since it is dead, but if the class has dead
  // instances we have to skip them, and in order to find their size we
  // need the Klass*!
  //
  // It is not required that we traverse spaces in the same order in
  // phase2, phase3 and phase4, but the ValidateMarkSweep live oops
  // tracking expects us to do so. See comment under phase4.

  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  TraceTime tm("phase 2", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);
  trace("2");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking());

  gch->prepare_for_compaction();
}

class GenAdjustPointersClosure: public GenCollectedHeap::GenClosure {
public:
  void do_generation(Generation* gen) {
    gen->adjust_pointers();
  }
};

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase3(int level) {
  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  // Adjust the pointers to reflect the new locations
  TraceTime tm("phase 3", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);
  trace("3");

  // Need new claim bits for the pointer adjustment tracing.
  ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking());

  // Because the two closures below are created statically, cannot
  // use OopsInGenClosure constructor which takes a generation,
  // as the Universe has not been created when the static constructors
  // are run.
  adjust_root_pointer_closure.set_orig_generation(gch->get_gen(level));
  adjust_pointer_closure.set_orig_generation(gch->get_gen(level));

  gch->gen_process_strong_roots(level,
                                false, // Younger gens are not roots.
                                true,  // activate StrongRootsScope
                                false, // not scavenging
                                SharedHeap::SO_AllClasses,
                                &adjust_root_pointer_closure,
                                false, // do not walk code
                                &adjust_root_pointer_closure,
                                &adjust_klass_closure);

  // Now adjust pointers in remaining weak roots.  (All of which should
  // have been cleared if they pointed to non-surviving objects.)
  CodeBlobToOopClosure adjust_code_pointer_closure(&adjust_pointer_closure,
                                                   /*do_marking=*/ false);
  gch->gen_process_weak_roots(&adjust_root_pointer_closure,
                              &adjust_code_pointer_closure,
                              &adjust_pointer_closure);

  adjust_marks();
  GenAdjustPointersClosure blk;
  gch->generation_iterate(&blk, true);
}

class GenCompactClosure: public GenCollectedHeap::GenClosure {
public:
  void do_generation(Generation* gen) {
    gen->compact();
  }
};

void GenMarkSweep::mark_sweep_phase4() {
  // All pointers are now adjusted, move objects accordingly

  // It is imperative that we traverse perm_gen first in phase4. All
  // classes must be allocated earlier than their instances, and traversing
  // perm_gen first makes sure that all Klass*s have moved to their new
  // location before any instance does a dispatch through it's klass!

  // The ValidateMarkSweep live oops tracking expects us to traverse spaces
  // in the same order in phase2, phase3 and phase4. We don't quite do that
  // here (perm_gen first rather than last), so we tell the validate code
  // to use a higher index (saved from phase2) when verifying perm_gen.
  GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();

  TraceTime tm("phase 4", PrintGC && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);
  trace("4");

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(reset_live_oop_tracking());

  GenCompactClosure blk;
  gch->generation_iterate(&blk, true);

  VALIDATE_MARK_SWEEP_ONLY(compaction_complete());
}