diff --git a/drivers/bluetooth/bluecard_cs.c b/drivers/bluetooth/bluecard_cs.c
index 50174fb107a811058772025584774b3bc3aee671..473a13b22b298e09a20f63749e8ce9f2d576f06f 100644
--- a/drivers/bluetooth/bluecard_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/bluetooth/bluecard_cs.c
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ static void bluecard_write_wakeup(bluecard_info_t *info)
 
 		clear_bit(XMIT_WAKEUP, &(info->tx_state));
 
-		if (!(info->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT))
+		if (!pcmcia_dev_present(info->p_dev))
 			return;
 
 		if (test_bit(XMIT_BUFFER_NUMBER, &(info->tx_state))) {
@@ -879,7 +879,6 @@ static int bluecard_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return bluecard_config(link);
 }
 
@@ -888,9 +887,7 @@ static void bluecard_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	bluecard_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		bluecard_release(link);
-
+	bluecard_release(link);
 	kfree(info);
 }
 
@@ -933,9 +930,6 @@ static int bluecard_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	link->conf.ConfigIndex = 0x20;
 	link->io.NumPorts1 = 64;
 	link->io.IOAddrLines = 6;
@@ -969,7 +963,6 @@ static int bluecard_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	strcpy(info->node.dev_name, info->hdev->name);
 	link->dev_node = &info->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -986,8 +979,7 @@ static void bluecard_release(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	bluecard_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_PRESENT)
-		bluecard_close(info);
+	bluecard_close(info);
 
 	del_timer(&(info->timer));
 
diff --git a/drivers/bluetooth/bt3c_cs.c b/drivers/bluetooth/bt3c_cs.c
index 80861f4f35e3c7c764067a9c732687510c197e80..b94ac2f9f7baf2d5e9cc0641e52de23cd1536d13 100644
--- a/drivers/bluetooth/bt3c_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/bluetooth/bt3c_cs.c
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ static void bt3c_write_wakeup(bt3c_info_t *info)
 		register struct sk_buff *skb;
 		register int len;
 
-		if (!(info->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT))
+		if (!pcmcia_dev_present(info->p_dev))
 			break;
 
 
@@ -668,7 +668,6 @@ static int bt3c_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return bt3c_config(link);
 }
 
@@ -677,9 +676,7 @@ static void bt3c_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	bt3c_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		bt3c_release(link);
-
+	bt3c_release(link);
 	kfree(info);
 }
 
@@ -733,9 +730,6 @@ static int bt3c_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* First pass: look for a config entry that looks normal. */
 	tuple.TupleData = (cisdata_t *)buf;
 	tuple.TupleOffset = 0;
@@ -805,7 +799,6 @@ static int bt3c_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	strcpy(info->node.dev_name, info->hdev->name);
 	link->dev_node = &info->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -822,8 +815,7 @@ static void bt3c_release(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	bt3c_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_PRESENT)
-		bt3c_close(info);
+	bt3c_close(info);
 
 	pcmcia_disable_device(link);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/bluetooth/btuart_cs.c b/drivers/bluetooth/btuart_cs.c
index 658a1373699eed850b7f63605345ea8379a7f346..9ce4c93467e57da73794711497e80936baaeaf3d 100644
--- a/drivers/bluetooth/btuart_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/bluetooth/btuart_cs.c
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static void btuart_write_wakeup(btuart_info_t *info)
 
 		clear_bit(XMIT_WAKEUP, &(info->tx_state));
 
-		if (!(info->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT))
+		if (!pcmcia_dev_present(info->p_dev))
 			return;
 
 		if (!(skb = skb_dequeue(&(info->txq))))
@@ -599,7 +599,6 @@ static int btuart_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return btuart_config(link);
 }
 
@@ -608,9 +607,7 @@ static void btuart_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	btuart_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		btuart_release(link);
-
+	btuart_release(link);
 	kfree(info);
 }
 
@@ -664,9 +661,6 @@ static int btuart_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* First pass: look for a config entry that looks normal. */
 	tuple.TupleData = (cisdata_t *) buf;
 	tuple.TupleOffset = 0;
@@ -737,7 +731,6 @@ static int btuart_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	strcpy(info->node.dev_name, info->hdev->name);
 	link->dev_node = &info->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -754,8 +747,7 @@ static void btuart_release(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	btuart_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_PRESENT)
-		btuart_close(info);
+	btuart_close(info);
 
 	pcmcia_disable_device(link);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/bluetooth/dtl1_cs.c b/drivers/bluetooth/dtl1_cs.c
index 0ec7fd4c9214e36a05b5b7694ecf8f0e471ced5d..a71a240611e0ef0cac35dabd2097aaeeab87d04e 100644
--- a/drivers/bluetooth/dtl1_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/bluetooth/dtl1_cs.c
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ static void dtl1_write_wakeup(dtl1_info_t *info)
 
 		clear_bit(XMIT_WAKEUP, &(info->tx_state));
 
-		if (!(info->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT))
+		if (!pcmcia_dev_present(info->p_dev))
 			return;
 
 		if (!(skb = skb_dequeue(&(info->txq))))
@@ -578,7 +578,6 @@ static int dtl1_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return dtl1_config(link);
 }
 
@@ -587,8 +586,7 @@ static void dtl1_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	dtl1_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		dtl1_release(link);
+	dtl1_release(link);
 
 	kfree(info);
 }
@@ -642,9 +640,6 @@ static int dtl1_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	tuple.TupleData = (cisdata_t *)buf;
 	tuple.TupleOffset = 0;
 	tuple.TupleDataMax = 255;
@@ -689,7 +684,6 @@ static int dtl1_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	strcpy(info->node.dev_name, info->hdev->name);
 	link->dev_node = &info->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -706,8 +700,7 @@ static void dtl1_release(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	dtl1_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_PRESENT)
-		dtl1_close(info);
+	dtl1_close(info);
 
 	pcmcia_disable_device(link);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c
index 22dce9d47b2b152937f26091307d9f135a6fda8a..16e105d8d70c9d802c22cd050b91fbd343f8a086 100644
--- a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ static ssize_t cmm_read(struct file *filp, __user char *buf, size_t count,
 	if (count == 0)		/* according to manpage */
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((dev->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT) == 0 ||	/* socket removed */
+	if (!pcmcia_dev_present(dev->p_dev) || /* device removed */
 	    test_bit(IS_CMM_ABSENT, &dev->flags))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
@@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ static ssize_t cmm_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
 
 	sendT0 = dev->proto ? 0 : nr > 5 ? 0x08 : 0;
 
-	if ((dev->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT) == 0 ||	/* socket removed */
+	if (!pcmcia_dev_present(dev->p_dev) || /* device removed */
 	    test_bit(IS_CMM_ABSENT, &dev->flags))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
@@ -1789,7 +1789,6 @@ static int cm4000_config(struct pcmcia_device * link, int devno)
 		goto cs_failed;
 	}
 
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
@@ -1844,7 +1843,6 @@ static int cm4000_config(struct pcmcia_device * link, int devno)
 	dev->node.minor = devno;
 	dev->node.next = NULL;
 	link->dev_node = &dev->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -1852,8 +1850,6 @@ static int cm4000_config(struct pcmcia_device * link, int devno)
 	cs_error(link, fail_fn, fail_rc);
 cs_release:
 	cm4000_release(link);
-
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return -ENODEV;
 }
 
@@ -1913,7 +1909,6 @@ static int cm4000_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dev->atrq);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dev->readq);
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	ret = cm4000_config(link, i);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
@@ -1936,11 +1931,9 @@ static void cm4000_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	if (devno == CM4000_MAX_DEV)
 		return;
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_PRESENT;
 	stop_monitor(dev);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
- 		cm4000_release(link);
+	cm4000_release(link);
 
 	dev_table[devno] = NULL;
  	kfree(dev);
diff --git a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c
index 6ccca8cbabc10715cc3718ffa1ce3524e2f64cfc..74609c3b2b5fbd33c1bfed4ffc12ac33d5150c4e 100644
--- a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ static ssize_t cm4040_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf,
 		return -EAGAIN;
 	}
 
-	if ((dev->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT)==0)
+	if (!pcmcia_dev_present(dev->p_dev))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ static ssize_t cm4040_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
 		return -EAGAIN;
 	}
 
-	if ((dev->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT) == 0)
+	if (!pcmcia_dev_present(dev->p_dev))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
 	bytes_to_write = count;
@@ -543,7 +543,6 @@ static int reader_config(struct pcmcia_device *link, int devno)
 		goto cs_failed;
 	}
 
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
@@ -602,9 +601,7 @@ static int reader_config(struct pcmcia_device *link, int devno)
 	sprintf(dev->node.dev_name, DEVICE_NAME "%d", devno);
 	dev->node.major = major;
 	dev->node.minor = devno;
-	dev->node.next = NULL;
-	link->dev_node = &dev->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
+	dev->node.next = &dev->node;
 
 	DEBUGP(2, dev, "device " DEVICE_NAME "%d at 0x%.4x-0x%.4x\n", devno,
 	      link->io.BasePort1, link->io.BasePort1+link->io.NumPorts1);
@@ -616,7 +613,6 @@ static int reader_config(struct pcmcia_device *link, int devno)
 	cs_error(link, fail_fn, fail_rc);
 cs_release:
 	reader_release(link);
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return -ENODEV;
 }
 
@@ -659,7 +655,6 @@ static int reader_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	init_timer(&dev->poll_timer);
 	dev->poll_timer.function = &cm4040_do_poll;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	ret = reader_config(link, i);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
@@ -683,10 +678,7 @@ static void reader_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	if (devno == CM_MAX_DEV)
 		return;
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_PRESENT;
-
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		reader_release(link);
+	reader_release(link);
 
 	dev_table[devno] = NULL;
 	kfree(dev);
diff --git a/drivers/char/pcmcia/synclink_cs.c b/drivers/char/pcmcia/synclink_cs.c
index ef7a81314f0cefc71d87137d9f4d507041c21f71..07213454c458c7038820cde11c409cb219f27ab1 100644
--- a/drivers/char/pcmcia/synclink_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/char/pcmcia/synclink_cs.c
@@ -578,7 +578,6 @@ static int mgslpc_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.Attributes = 0;
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     ret = mgslpc_config(link);
     if (ret)
 	    return ret;
@@ -618,9 +617,6 @@ static int mgslpc_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     /* get CIS configuration entry */
 
@@ -681,8 +677,6 @@ static int mgslpc_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	    printk(", io 0x%04x-0x%04x", link->io.BasePort1,
 		   link->io.BasePort1+link->io.NumPorts1-1);
     printk("\n");
-    
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return 0;
 
 cs_failed:
@@ -697,25 +691,23 @@ static int mgslpc_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
  */
 static void mgslpc_release(u_long arg)
 {
-    struct pcmcia_device *link = (struct pcmcia_device *)arg;
+	struct pcmcia_device *link = (struct pcmcia_device *)arg;
 
-    if (debug_level >= DEBUG_LEVEL_INFO)
-	    printk("mgslpc_release(0x%p)\n", link);
+	if (debug_level >= DEBUG_LEVEL_INFO)
+		printk("mgslpc_release(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    pcmcia_disable_device(link);
+	pcmcia_disable_device(link);
 }
 
 static void mgslpc_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-    if (debug_level >= DEBUG_LEVEL_INFO)
-	    printk("mgslpc_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
+	if (debug_level >= DEBUG_LEVEL_INFO)
+		printk("mgslpc_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-	    ((MGSLPC_INFO *)link->priv)->stop = 1;
-	    mgslpc_release((u_long)link);
-    }
+	((MGSLPC_INFO *)link->priv)->stop = 1;
+	mgslpc_release((u_long)link);
 
-    mgslpc_remove_device((MGSLPC_INFO *)link->priv);
+	mgslpc_remove_device((MGSLPC_INFO *)link->priv);
 }
 
 static int mgslpc_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
@@ -1254,7 +1246,7 @@ static irqreturn_t mgslpc_isr(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs * regs)
 	if (!info)
 		return IRQ_NONE;
 		
-	if (!(info->p_dev->state & DEV_CONFIG))
+	if (!(info->p_dev->_locked))
 		return IRQ_HANDLED;
 
 	spin_lock(&info->lock);
diff --git a/drivers/ide/legacy/ide-cs.c b/drivers/ide/legacy/ide-cs.c
index 56c8e828c6e6459abeb235b2abe8cddd1f8aba0a..4961f1e764a755bf4729951b7447620dea02d04f 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/legacy/ide-cs.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/legacy/ide-cs.c
@@ -125,7 +125,6 @@ static int ide_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return ide_config(link);
 } /* ide_attach */
 
@@ -142,8 +141,7 @@ static void ide_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
     DEBUG(0, "ide_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	ide_release(link);
+    ide_release(link);
 
     kfree(link->priv);
 } /* ide_detach */
@@ -209,9 +207,6 @@ static int ide_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		  ((stk->parse.manfid.card == PRODID_KME_KXLC005_A) ||
 		   (stk->parse.manfid.card == PRODID_KME_KXLC005_B)));
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     /* Not sure if this is right... look up the current Vcc */
     CS_CHECK(GetConfigurationInfo, pcmcia_get_configuration_info(link, &stk->conf));
 
@@ -323,7 +318,6 @@ static int ide_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     printk(KERN_INFO "ide-cs: %s: Vpp = %d.%d\n",
 	   info->node.dev_name, link->conf.Vpp / 10, link->conf.Vpp % 10);
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     kfree(stk);
     return 0;
 
@@ -336,7 +330,6 @@ static int ide_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 failed:
     kfree(stk);
     ide_release(link);
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* ide_config */
 
diff --git a/drivers/isdn/hardware/avm/avm_cs.c b/drivers/isdn/hardware/avm/avm_cs.c
index 28f9211726c55a48a8bd6fc86d290bc91a1205c4..7bbfd85ab793721bbe9a2fec29ef546256c5c8af 100644
--- a/drivers/isdn/hardware/avm/avm_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/isdn/hardware/avm/avm_cs.c
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ static int avmcs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
     memset(local, 0, sizeof(local_info_t));
     p_dev->priv = local;
 
-    p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return avmcs_config(p_dev);
 
  err:
@@ -145,10 +144,8 @@ static int avmcs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 
 static void avmcs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
 	avmcs_release(link);
-
-    kfree(link->priv);
+	kfree(link->priv);
 } /* avmcs_detach */
 
 /*======================================================================
@@ -216,12 +213,8 @@ static int avmcs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     } while (0);
     if (i != CS_SUCCESS) {
 	cs_error(link, ParseTuple, i);
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return -ENODEV;
     }
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     do {
 
@@ -312,8 +305,7 @@ static int avmcs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->node.major = 64;
     dev->node.minor = 0;
     link->dev_node = &dev->node;
-    
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
+
     /* If any step failed, release any partially configured state */
     if (i != 0) {
 	avmcs_release(link);
diff --git a/drivers/isdn/hisax/avma1_cs.c b/drivers/isdn/hisax/avma1_cs.c
index 11c7c4f09e7eec990533ba4f7ea7ab7c53ea707e..ac28e3278ad91567ff710d572afce06b7ecfb31c 100644
--- a/drivers/isdn/hisax/avma1_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/isdn/hisax/avma1_cs.c
@@ -149,7 +149,6 @@ static int avma1cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
     p_dev->conf.ConfigIndex = 1;
     p_dev->conf.Present = PRESENT_OPTION;
 
-    p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return avma1cs_config(p_dev);
 } /* avma1cs_attach */
 
@@ -164,12 +163,9 @@ static int avma1cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 
 static void avma1cs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-    DEBUG(0, "avma1cs_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
-
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	    avma1cs_release(link);
-
-    kfree(link->priv);
+	DEBUG(0, "avma1cs_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
+	avma1cs_release(link);
+	kfree(link->priv);
 } /* avma1cs_detach */
 
 /*======================================================================
@@ -239,12 +235,8 @@ static int avma1cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     } while (0);
     if (i != CS_SUCCESS) {
 	cs_error(link, ParseTuple, i);
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return -ENODEV;
     }
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     do {
 
@@ -318,8 +310,7 @@ static int avma1cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->node.major = 45;
     dev->node.minor = 0;
     link->dev_node = &dev->node;
-    
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
+
     /* If any step failed, release any partially configured state */
     if (i != 0) {
 	avma1cs_release(link);
diff --git a/drivers/isdn/hisax/elsa_cs.c b/drivers/isdn/hisax/elsa_cs.c
index 4856680ce761007376ff38c71e339e0c8894fd4c..e18e75be8ed308f07e7789980203385a509954d4 100644
--- a/drivers/isdn/hisax/elsa_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/isdn/hisax/elsa_cs.c
@@ -174,7 +174,6 @@ static int elsa_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return elsa_cs_config(link);
 } /* elsa_cs_attach */
 
@@ -189,17 +188,14 @@ static int elsa_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 static void elsa_cs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-    local_info_t *info = link->priv;
+	local_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-    DEBUG(0, "elsa_cs_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
+	DEBUG(0, "elsa_cs_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-	    info->busy = 1;
-	    elsa_cs_release(link);
-    }
-
-    kfree(info);
+	info->busy = 1;
+	elsa_cs_release(link);
 
+	kfree(info);
 } /* elsa_cs_detach */
 
 /*======================================================================
@@ -263,9 +259,6 @@ static int elsa_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     tuple.TupleData = (cisdata_t *)buf;
     tuple.TupleOffset = 0; tuple.TupleDataMax = 255;
     tuple.Attributes = 0;
@@ -329,8 +322,6 @@ static int elsa_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
                link->io.BasePort2+link->io.NumPorts2-1);
     printk("\n");
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
-
     icard.para[0] = link->irq.AssignedIRQ;
     icard.para[1] = link->io.BasePort1;
     icard.protocol = protocol;
diff --git a/drivers/isdn/hisax/sedlbauer_cs.c b/drivers/isdn/hisax/sedlbauer_cs.c
index a35a29586a62234da43eb87ea3bec12a3728064e..9bb18f3f78298f25dcea5302e5b8278e75956d6b 100644
--- a/drivers/isdn/hisax/sedlbauer_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/isdn/hisax/sedlbauer_cs.c
@@ -186,7 +186,6 @@ static int sedlbauer_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.Attributes = 0;
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return sedlbauer_config(link);
 } /* sedlbauer_attach */
 
@@ -201,15 +200,13 @@ static int sedlbauer_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 static void sedlbauer_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-    DEBUG(0, "sedlbauer_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
+	DEBUG(0, "sedlbauer_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-	    ((local_info_t *)link->priv)->stop = 1;
-	    sedlbauer_release(link);
-    }
+	((local_info_t *)link->priv)->stop = 1;
+	sedlbauer_release(link);
 
-    /* This points to the parent local_info_t struct */
-    kfree(link->priv);
+	/* This points to the parent local_info_t struct */
+	kfree(link->priv);
 } /* sedlbauer_detach */
 
 /*======================================================================
@@ -250,9 +247,6 @@ static int sedlbauer_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     CS_CHECK(GetConfigurationInfo, pcmcia_get_configuration_info(link, &conf));
 
@@ -408,8 +402,6 @@ static int sedlbauer_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	printk(", mem 0x%06lx-0x%06lx", req.Base,
 	       req.Base+req.Size-1);
     printk("\n");
-    
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
     icard.para[0] = link->irq.AssignedIRQ;
     icard.para[1] = link->io.BasePort1;
diff --git a/drivers/isdn/hisax/teles_cs.c b/drivers/isdn/hisax/teles_cs.c
index 7b66038096f369e6a2c6a4d2aaf11d3da364be77..afcc2aeadb3440b922e3f4eba3a62af2f200821c 100644
--- a/drivers/isdn/hisax/teles_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/isdn/hisax/teles_cs.c
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ static int teles_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return teles_cs_config(link);
 } /* teles_attach */
 
@@ -179,17 +178,14 @@ static int teles_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 static void teles_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-    local_info_t *info = link->priv;
+	local_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-    DEBUG(0, "teles_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
+	DEBUG(0, "teles_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-	    info->busy = 1;
-	    teles_cs_release(link);
-    }
-
-    kfree(info);
+	info->busy = 1;
+	teles_cs_release(link);
 
+	kfree(info);
 } /* teles_detach */
 
 /*======================================================================
@@ -253,9 +249,6 @@ static int teles_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     tuple.TupleData = (cisdata_t *)buf;
     tuple.TupleOffset = 0; tuple.TupleDataMax = 255;
     tuple.Attributes = 0;
@@ -319,8 +312,6 @@ static int teles_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
                link->io.BasePort2+link->io.NumPorts2-1);
     printk("\n");
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
-
     icard.para[0] = link->irq.AssignedIRQ;
     icard.para[1] = link->io.BasePort1;
     icard.protocol = protocol;
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/maps/pcmciamtd.c b/drivers/mtd/maps/pcmciamtd.c
index 466f558aa7ed6c080e7261a94ac95c9dd99b48d5..a01e04bf484a3d38ca4748a5fa8339eabc0fa2f1 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/maps/pcmciamtd.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/maps/pcmciamtd.c
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ static caddr_t remap_window(struct map_info *map, unsigned long to)
 	memreq_t mrq;
 	int ret;
 
-	if(!(dev->p_dev->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
-		DEBUG(1, "device removed state = 0x%4.4X", dev->p_dev->state);
+	if (!pcmcia_dev_present(dev->p_dev)) {
+		DEBUG(1, "device removed");
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ static void pcmcia_copy_to_remap(struct map_info *map, unsigned long to, const v
 
 /* read/write{8,16} copy_{from,to} routines with direct access */
 
-#define DEV_REMOVED(x)  (!(*(u_int *)x->map_priv_1 & DEV_PRESENT))
+#define DEV_REMOVED(x)  (!(pcmcia_dev_present(((struct pcmciamtd_dev *)map->map_priv_1)->p_dev)))
 
 static map_word pcmcia_read8(struct map_info *map, unsigned long ofs)
 {
@@ -503,9 +503,6 @@ static int pcmciamtd_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	DEBUG(3, "link=0x%p", link);
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	DEBUG(2, "Validating CIS");
 	ret = pcmcia_validate_cis(link, &cisinfo);
 	if(ret != CS_SUCCESS) {
@@ -651,7 +648,6 @@ static int pcmciamtd_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	   use the faster non-remapping read/write functions */
 	if(mtd->size <= dev->win_size) {
 		DEBUG(1, "Using non remapping memory functions");
-		dev->pcmcia_map.map_priv_1 = (unsigned long)&(dev->p_dev->state);
 		dev->pcmcia_map.map_priv_2 = (unsigned long)dev->win_base;
 		if (dev->pcmcia_map.bankwidth == 1) {
 			dev->pcmcia_map.read = pcmcia_read8;
@@ -673,7 +669,6 @@ static int pcmciamtd_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	}
 	snprintf(dev->node.dev_name, sizeof(dev->node.dev_name), "mtd%d", mtd->index);
 	info("mtd%d: %s", mtd->index, mtd->name);
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	link->dev_node = &dev->node;
 	return 0;
 
@@ -712,17 +707,16 @@ static int pcmciamtd_resume(struct pcmcia_device *dev)
 
 static void pcmciamtd_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-	DEBUG(3, "link=0x%p", link);
+	struct pcmciamtd_dev *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if(link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		struct pcmciamtd_dev *dev = link->priv;
-		if(dev->mtd_info) {
-			del_mtd_device(dev->mtd_info);
-			info("mtd%d: Removed", dev->mtd_info->index);
-		}
+	DEBUG(3, "link=0x%p", link);
 
-		pcmciamtd_release(link);
+	if(dev->mtd_info) {
+		del_mtd_device(dev->mtd_info);
+		info("mtd%d: Removed", dev->mtd_info->index);
 	}
+
+	pcmciamtd_release(link);
 }
 
 
@@ -747,7 +741,6 @@ static int pcmciamtd_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = 0;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return pcmciamtd_config(link);
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c574_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c574_cs.c
index 4611469fdff9208a661a3c715f9b0f0695bb14c2..70e3cca09787dbab892da22b24e5971c9dfa3df5 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c574_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c574_cs.c
@@ -296,7 +296,6 @@ static int tc574_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	dev->watchdog_timeo = TX_TIMEOUT;
 #endif
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return tc574_config(link);
 } /* tc574_attach */
 
@@ -318,8 +317,7 @@ static void tc574_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	if (link->dev_node)
 		unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		tc574_release(link);
+	tc574_release(link);
 
 	free_netdev(dev);
 } /* tc574_detach */
@@ -363,9 +361,6 @@ static int tc574_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	link->io.IOAddrLines = 16;
 	for (i = j = 0; j < 0x400; j += 0x20) {
 		link->io.BasePort1 = j ^ 0x300;
@@ -464,7 +459,6 @@ static int tc574_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		}
 	}
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	link->dev_node = &lp->node;
 	SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
@@ -509,7 +503,7 @@ static int tc574_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -519,7 +513,7 @@ static int tc574_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		tc574_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c589_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c589_cs.c
index 160d48a8ed889422167ea81bb01d554513461e04..3d05f66e9c706fde61c821787cf92383d81aa485 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c589_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c589_cs.c
@@ -211,7 +211,6 @@ static int tc589_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 #endif
     SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(dev, &netdev_ethtool_ops);
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return tc589_config(link);
 } /* tc589_attach */
 
@@ -233,8 +232,7 @@ static void tc589_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     if (link->dev_node)
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	tc589_release(link);
+    tc589_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
 } /* tc589_detach */
@@ -285,9 +283,6 @@ static int tc589_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		   "3Com card??\n");
 	multi = (le16_to_cpu(buf[1]) == PRODID_3COM_3C562);
     }
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     /* For the 3c562, the base address must be xx00-xx7f */
     link->io.IOAddrLines = 16;
@@ -338,7 +333,6 @@ static int tc589_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	printk(KERN_ERR "3c589_cs: invalid if_port requested\n");
     
     link->dev_node = &lp->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     if (register_netdev(dev) != 0) {
@@ -383,7 +377,7 @@ static int tc589_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -393,7 +387,7 @@ static int tc589_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+ 	if (link->open) {
 		tc589_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/axnet_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/axnet_cs.c
index f6ca85d77c7da7e8845d1cc18866d5b72243a56d..0f1219c11853fe4b268414cdf5eec18b393e0033 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/axnet_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/axnet_cs.c
@@ -168,7 +168,6 @@ static int axnet_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->do_ioctl = &axnet_ioctl;
     SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(dev, &netdev_ethtool_ops);
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return axnet_config(link);
 } /* axnet_attach */
 
@@ -190,8 +189,7 @@ static void axnet_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     if (link->dev_node)
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	axnet_release(link);
+    axnet_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
 } /* axnet_detach */
@@ -309,9 +307,6 @@ static int axnet_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     /* don't trust the CIS on this; Linksys got it wrong */
     link->conf.Present = 0x63;
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
     tuple.Attributes = 0;
     CS_CHECK(GetFirstTuple, pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple));
@@ -402,7 +397,6 @@ static int axnet_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
     info->phy_id = (i < 32) ? i : -1;
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     if (register_netdev(dev) != 0) {
@@ -429,7 +423,6 @@ static int axnet_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
 failed:
     axnet_release(link);
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* axnet_config */
 
@@ -450,8 +443,8 @@ static int axnet_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
-			netif_device_detach(dev);
+	if (link->open)
+		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -460,7 +453,7 @@ static int axnet_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		axnet_reset_8390(dev);
 		AX88190_init(dev, 1);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/com20020_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/com20020_cs.c
index a7d675bc6051a06782c3a0f58f4ecbaf77a77bd9..441de824ab6baeb0b7b1cfffd4f1981f5b1a3774 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/com20020_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/com20020_cs.c
@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ static int com20020_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
     p_dev->irq.Instance = info->dev = dev;
     p_dev->priv = info;
 
-    p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT;
     return com20020_config(p_dev);
 
 fail_alloc_dev:
@@ -218,8 +217,7 @@ static void com20020_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	    free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
     }
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-        com20020_release(link);
+    com20020_release(link);
 
     /* Unlink device structure, free bits */
     DEBUG(1,"unlinking...\n");
@@ -276,9 +274,6 @@ static int com20020_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     DEBUG(1,"arcnet: baseport1 is %Xh\n", link->io.BasePort1);
     i = !CS_SUCCESS;
     if (!link->io.BasePort1)
@@ -328,7 +323,6 @@ static int com20020_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     lp->card_flags = ARC_CAN_10MBIT; /* pretend all of them can 10Mbit */
 
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     i = com20020_found(dev, 0);	/* calls register_netdev */
@@ -372,7 +366,7 @@ static int com20020_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	com20020_dev_t *info = link->priv;
 	struct net_device *dev = info->dev;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -383,7 +377,7 @@ static int com20020_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	com20020_dev_t *info = link->priv;
 	struct net_device *dev = info->dev;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
 		struct arcnet_local *lp = dev->priv;
 		ARCRESET;
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/fmvj18x_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/fmvj18x_cs.c
index d9c83b290095380b1c109c5af72f16721d1280b6..7cb20b6b9348be86abb23ac0fd02669555c1ddab 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/fmvj18x_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/fmvj18x_cs.c
@@ -272,7 +272,6 @@ static int fmvj18x_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 #endif
     SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(dev, &netdev_ethtool_ops);
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return fmvj18x_config(link);
 } /* fmvj18x_attach */
 
@@ -287,8 +286,7 @@ static void fmvj18x_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     if (link->dev_node)
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	fmvj18x_release(link);
+    fmvj18x_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
 } /* fmvj18x_detach */
@@ -363,9 +361,6 @@ static int fmvj18x_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     tuple.TupleOffset = 0;
     CS_CHECK(GetTupleData, pcmcia_get_tuple_data(link, &tuple));
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base; 
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
@@ -532,7 +527,6 @@ static int fmvj18x_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
     lp->cardtype = cardtype;
     link->dev_node = &lp->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     if (register_netdev(dev) != 0) {
@@ -557,7 +551,6 @@ static int fmvj18x_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
 failed:
     fmvj18x_release(link);
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* fmvj18x_config */
 /*====================================================================*/
@@ -668,7 +661,7 @@ static int fmvj18x_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -678,7 +671,7 @@ static int fmvj18x_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		fjn_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/ibmtr_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/ibmtr_cs.c
index e038d9278a59a81ba185e262f8d3a88196b5cb78..b8fe70b85641a571986e32eb0eafd47b5619549b 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/ibmtr_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/ibmtr_cs.c
@@ -173,7 +173,6 @@ static int ibmtr_attach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
     SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(dev, &netdev_ethtool_ops);
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT;
     return ibmtr_config(link);
 } /* ibmtr_attach */
 
@@ -200,8 +199,8 @@ static void ibmtr_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	struct tok_info *ti = netdev_priv(dev);
 	del_timer_sync(&(ti->tr_timer));
     }
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-        ibmtr_release(link);
+
+    ibmtr_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
     kfree(info);
@@ -241,10 +240,6 @@ static int ibmtr_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(GetTupleData, pcmcia_get_tuple_data(link, &tuple));
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
-
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     link->conf.ConfigIndex = 0x61;
 
     /* Determine if this is PRIMARY or ALTERNATE. */
@@ -301,7 +296,6 @@ static int ibmtr_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     ibmtr_hw_setup(dev, mmiobase);
 
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     i = ibmtr_probe_card(dev);
@@ -358,7 +352,7 @@ static int ibmtr_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	ibmtr_dev_t *info = link->priv;
 	struct net_device *dev = info->dev;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -369,7 +363,7 @@ static int ibmtr_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	ibmtr_dev_t *info = link->priv;
 	struct net_device *dev = info->dev;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		ibmtr_probe(dev);	/* really? */
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/nmclan_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/nmclan_cs.c
index ea8a62e629a4eec076b5435956c5b63143f75f2f..fd191143cb2faf3feafa3d284b1f7e9773da3685 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/nmclan_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/nmclan_cs.c
@@ -487,7 +487,6 @@ static int nmclan_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->watchdog_timeo = TX_TIMEOUT;
 #endif
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return nmclan_config(link);
 } /* nmclan_attach */
 
@@ -508,8 +507,7 @@ static void nmclan_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     if (link->dev_node)
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	nmclan_release(link);
+    nmclan_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
 } /* nmclan_detach */
@@ -675,9 +673,6 @@ static int nmclan_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
   CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
   link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 
-  /* Configure card */
-  link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
   CS_CHECK(RequestIO, pcmcia_request_io(link, &link->io));
   CS_CHECK(RequestIRQ, pcmcia_request_irq(link, &link->irq));
   CS_CHECK(RequestConfiguration, pcmcia_request_configuration(link, &link->conf));
@@ -707,7 +702,6 @@ static int nmclan_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     } else {
       printk(KERN_NOTICE "nmclan_cs: mace id not found: %x %x should"
 	     " be 0x40 0x?9\n", sig[0], sig[1]);
-      link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
       return -ENODEV;
     }
   }
@@ -722,7 +716,6 @@ static int nmclan_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     printk(KERN_NOTICE "nmclan_cs: invalid if_port requested\n");
 
   link->dev_node = &lp->node;
-  link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
   SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
   i = register_netdev(dev);
@@ -763,7 +756,7 @@ static int nmclan_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -773,7 +766,7 @@ static int nmclan_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		nmclan_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/pcnet_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/pcnet_cs.c
index d840c0f03ea99fedbdc846bce3059cf80c6b8808..d9661410f2ff5e161d6276175786b4cbffe32bfe 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/pcnet_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/pcnet_cs.c
@@ -264,7 +264,6 @@ static int pcnet_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->stop = &pcnet_close;
     dev->set_config = &set_config;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return pcnet_config(link);
 } /* pcnet_attach */
 
@@ -286,8 +285,7 @@ static void pcnet_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	if (link->dev_node)
 		unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		pcnet_release(link);
+	pcnet_release(link);
 
 	free_netdev(dev);
 } /* pcnet_detach */
@@ -538,9 +536,6 @@ static int pcnet_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_MANFID;
     tuple.Attributes = TUPLE_RETURN_COMMON;
     if ((pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple) == CS_SUCCESS) &&
@@ -667,7 +662,6 @@ static int pcnet_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     }
 
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
@@ -705,7 +699,6 @@ static int pcnet_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
 failed:
     pcnet_release(link);
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* pcnet_config */
 
@@ -742,7 +735,7 @@ static int pcnet_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -752,7 +745,7 @@ static int pcnet_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		pcnet_reset_8390(dev);
 		NS8390_init(dev, 1);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/smc91c92_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/smc91c92_cs.c
index 3252c1dc9ee77dbd7cf34d33da3813d9f75db8e9..7d565f26a3bf56a343aaa272d31d5283b8cf0a0a 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/smc91c92_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/smc91c92_cs.c
@@ -356,7 +356,6 @@ static int smc91c92_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     smc->mii_if.phy_id_mask = 0x1f;
     smc->mii_if.reg_num_mask = 0x1f;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return smc91c92_config(link);
 } /* smc91c92_attach */
 
@@ -378,8 +377,7 @@ static void smc91c92_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     if (link->dev_node)
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	smc91c92_release(link);
+    smc91c92_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
 } /* smc91c92_detach */
@@ -862,7 +860,7 @@ static int smc91c92_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -874,33 +872,31 @@ static int smc91c92_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	struct smc_private *smc = netdev_priv(dev);
 	int i;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		if ((smc->manfid == MANFID_MEGAHERTZ) &&
-		    (smc->cardid == PRODID_MEGAHERTZ_EM3288))
-			mhz_3288_power(link);
-		if (smc->manfid == MANFID_MOTOROLA)
-			mot_config(link);
-		if ((smc->manfid == MANFID_OSITECH) &&
-		    (smc->cardid != PRODID_OSITECH_SEVEN)) {
-			/* Power up the card and enable interrupts */
-			set_bits(0x0300, dev->base_addr-0x10+OSITECH_AUI_PWR);
-			set_bits(0x0300, dev->base_addr-0x10+OSITECH_RESET_ISR);
-		}
-		if (((smc->manfid == MANFID_OSITECH) &&
-		     (smc->cardid == PRODID_OSITECH_SEVEN)) ||
-		    ((smc->manfid == MANFID_PSION) &&
-		     (smc->cardid == PRODID_PSION_NET100))) {
-			/* Download the Seven of Diamonds firmware */
-			for (i = 0; i < sizeof(__Xilinx7OD); i++) {
-				outb(__Xilinx7OD[i], link->io.BasePort1+2);
-				udelay(50);
-			}
-		}
-		if (link->open) {
-			smc_reset(dev);
-			netif_device_attach(dev);
+	if ((smc->manfid == MANFID_MEGAHERTZ) &&
+	    (smc->cardid == PRODID_MEGAHERTZ_EM3288))
+		mhz_3288_power(link);
+	if (smc->manfid == MANFID_MOTOROLA)
+		mot_config(link);
+	if ((smc->manfid == MANFID_OSITECH) &&
+	    (smc->cardid != PRODID_OSITECH_SEVEN)) {
+		/* Power up the card and enable interrupts */
+		set_bits(0x0300, dev->base_addr-0x10+OSITECH_AUI_PWR);
+		set_bits(0x0300, dev->base_addr-0x10+OSITECH_RESET_ISR);
+	}
+	if (((smc->manfid == MANFID_OSITECH) &&
+	     (smc->cardid == PRODID_OSITECH_SEVEN)) ||
+	    ((smc->manfid == MANFID_PSION) &&
+	     (smc->cardid == PRODID_PSION_NET100))) {
+		/* Download the Seven of Diamonds firmware */
+		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(__Xilinx7OD); i++) {
+			outb(__Xilinx7OD[i], link->io.BasePort1+2);
+			udelay(50);
 		}
 	}
+	if (link->open) {
+		smc_reset(dev);
+		netif_device_attach(dev);
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1010,9 +1006,6 @@ static int smc91c92_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	smc->cardid = parse->manfid.card;
     }
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     if ((smc->manfid == MANFID_OSITECH) &&
 	(smc->cardid != PRODID_OSITECH_SEVEN)) {
 	i = osi_config(link);
@@ -1108,7 +1101,6 @@ static int smc91c92_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     }
 
     link->dev_node = &smc->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     if (register_netdev(dev) != 0) {
@@ -1149,7 +1141,6 @@ static int smc91c92_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     unregister_netdev(dev);
 config_failed:			/* CS_EXIT_TEST() calls jump to here... */
     smc91c92_release(link);
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     kfree(cfg_mem);
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* smc91c92_config */
diff --git a/drivers/net/pcmcia/xirc2ps_cs.c b/drivers/net/pcmcia/xirc2ps_cs.c
index 77bf4e3a613904812c2718ff29be18a02bc6872c..0141c5037f41d10fdae3ca0e9b9d4e2e140cd502 100644
--- a/drivers/net/pcmcia/xirc2ps_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/pcmcia/xirc2ps_cs.c
@@ -591,7 +591,6 @@ xirc2ps_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->watchdog_timeo = TX_TIMEOUT;
 #endif
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return xirc2ps_config(link);
 } /* xirc2ps_attach */
 
@@ -612,8 +611,7 @@ xirc2ps_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     if (link->dev_node)
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	xirc2ps_release(link);
+    xirc2ps_release(link);
 
     free_netdev(dev);
 } /* xirc2ps_detach */
@@ -843,9 +841,6 @@ xirc2ps_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
     for (i=0; i < 6; i++)
 	dev->dev_addr[i] = node_id->id[i];
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     link->io.IOAddrLines =10;
     link->io.Attributes1 = IO_DATA_PATH_WIDTH_16;
     link->irq.Attributes = IRQ_HANDLE_PRESENT;
@@ -1041,7 +1036,6 @@ xirc2ps_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	do_reset(dev, 1); /* a kludge to make the cem56 work */
 
     link->dev_node = &local->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &handle_to_dev(link));
 
     if ((err=register_netdev(dev))) {
@@ -1062,14 +1056,12 @@ xirc2ps_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
     return 0;
 
   config_error:
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     xirc2ps_release(link);
     return -ENODEV;
 
   cis_error:
     printk(KNOT_XIRC "unable to parse CIS\n");
   failure:
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* xirc2ps_config */
 
@@ -1099,9 +1091,9 @@ static int xirc2ps_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
-			netif_device_detach(dev);
-			do_powerdown(dev);
+	if (link->open) {
+		netif_device_detach(dev);
+		do_powerdown(dev);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -1111,7 +1103,7 @@ static int xirc2ps_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		do_reset(dev,1);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/airo_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/airo_cs.c
index 97f41565fca85b4d093853b7afe469899a46ba54..af0cbb6c5c0c6a35391bfe45e5f441fbbd2d90fa 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/airo_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/airo_cs.c
@@ -170,7 +170,6 @@ static int airo_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	}
 	p_dev->priv = local;
 
-	p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return airo_config(p_dev);
 } /* airo_attach */
 
@@ -187,8 +186,7 @@ static void airo_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DEBUG(0, "airo_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		airo_release(link);
+	airo_release(link);
 
 	if ( ((local_info_t*)link->priv)->eth_dev ) {
 		stop_airo_card( ((local_info_t*)link->priv)->eth_dev, 0 );
@@ -237,10 +235,7 @@ static int airo_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
-	
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-	
+
 	/*
 	  In this loop, we scan the CIS for configuration table entries,
 	  each of which describes a valid card configuration, including
@@ -382,8 +377,6 @@ static int airo_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		printk(", mem 0x%06lx-0x%06lx", req.Base,
 		       req.Base+req.Size-1);
 	printk("\n");
-	
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return 0;
 
  cs_failed:
@@ -410,8 +403,7 @@ static int airo_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	local_info_t *local = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		netif_device_detach(local->eth_dev);
+	netif_device_detach(local->eth_dev);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -420,7 +412,7 @@ static int airo_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	local_info_t *local = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		reset_airo_card(local->eth_dev);
 		netif_device_attach(local->eth_dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/atmel_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/atmel_cs.c
index d09b1472e673dd0bd62873f62f1f842912b82c4d..25fb919b37919fb5db29224f28c15f4de93becb5 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/atmel_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/atmel_cs.c
@@ -181,7 +181,6 @@ static int atmel_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	}
 	p_dev->priv = local;
 
-	p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return atmel_config(p_dev);
 } /* atmel_attach */
 
@@ -198,8 +197,7 @@ static void atmel_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DEBUG(0, "atmel_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		atmel_release(link);
+	atmel_release(link);
 
 	kfree(link->priv);
 }
@@ -222,7 +220,7 @@ static int card_present(void *arg)
 	struct pcmcia_device *link = (struct pcmcia_device *)arg;
 	if (link->suspended)
 		return 0;
-	else if (link->state & DEV_PRESENT)
+	else if (pcmcia_dev_present(link))
 		return 1;
 	
 	return 0;
@@ -257,10 +255,7 @@ static int atmel_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
-	
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-	
+
 	/*
 	  In this loop, we scan the CIS for configuration table entries,
 	  each of which describes a valid card configuration, including
@@ -373,10 +368,9 @@ static int atmel_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	strcpy(dev->node.dev_name, ((local_info_t*)link->priv)->eth_dev->name );
 	dev->node.major = dev->node.minor = 0;
 	link->dev_node = &dev->node;
-			
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
+
 	return 0;
-	
+
  cs_failed:
 	cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
 	atmel_release(link);
@@ -408,8 +402,7 @@ static int atmel_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	local_info_t *local = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		netif_device_detach(local->eth_dev);
+	netif_device_detach(local->eth_dev);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -418,10 +411,8 @@ static int atmel_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	local_info_t *local = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		atmel_open(local->eth_dev);
-		netif_device_attach(local->eth_dev);
-	}
+	atmel_open(local->eth_dev);
+	netif_device_attach(local->eth_dev);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/hostap/hostap_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/hostap/hostap_cs.c
index 88dc383a3da77f97a5f9e0ca0c13edc468209d4b..a2cb9b0fa3d6b6c20c89bfb75491be41abd042a2 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/hostap/hostap_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/hostap/hostap_cs.c
@@ -210,9 +210,7 @@ static int prism2_config(struct pcmcia_device *link);
 static int prism2_pccard_card_present(local_info_t *local)
 {
 	struct hostap_cs_priv *hw_priv = local->hw_priv;
-	if (hw_priv != NULL && hw_priv->link != NULL &&
-	    ((hw_priv->link->state & (DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG)) ==
-	     (DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG)))
+	if (hw_priv != NULL && hw_priv->link != NULL && DEV_OK(hw_priv->link))
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -508,7 +506,6 @@ static int hostap_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	PDEBUG(DEBUG_HW, "%s: setting Vcc=33 (constant)\n", dev_info);
 	p_dev->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	ret = prism2_config(p_dev);
 	if (ret) {
 		PDEBUG(DEBUG_EXTRA, "prism2_config() failed\n");
@@ -522,9 +519,7 @@ static void prism2_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	PDEBUG(DEBUG_FLOW, "prism2_detach\n");
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		prism2_release((u_long)link);
-	}
+	prism2_release((u_long)link);
 
 	/* release net devices */
 	if (link->priv) {
@@ -746,9 +741,6 @@ static int prism2_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		       link->io.BasePort2+link->io.NumPorts2-1);
 	printk("\n");
 
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
-
 	local->shutdown = 0;
 
 	sandisk_enable_wireless(dev);
@@ -784,8 +776,7 @@ static void prism2_release(u_long arg)
 		struct hostap_interface *iface;
 
 		iface = netdev_priv(dev);
-		if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-			prism2_hw_shutdown(dev, 0);
+		prism2_hw_shutdown(dev, 0);
 		iface->local->shutdown = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -797,19 +788,19 @@ static int hostap_cs_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = (struct net_device *) link->priv;
 	int dev_open = 0;
+	struct hostap_interface *iface = NULL;
 
-	PDEBUG(DEBUG_EXTRA, "%s: CS_EVENT_PM_SUSPEND\n", dev_info);
+	if (dev)
+		iface = netdev_priv(dev);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		struct hostap_interface *iface = netdev_priv(dev);
-		if (iface && iface->local)
-			dev_open = iface->local->num_dev_open > 0;
-		if (dev_open) {
-			netif_stop_queue(dev);
-			netif_device_detach(dev);
-		}
-		prism2_suspend(dev);
+	PDEBUG(DEBUG_EXTRA, "%s: CS_EVENT_PM_SUSPEND\n", dev_info);
+	if (iface && iface->local)
+		dev_open = iface->local->num_dev_open > 0;
+	if (dev_open) {
+		netif_stop_queue(dev);
+		netif_device_detach(dev);
 	}
+	prism2_suspend(dev);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -818,20 +809,21 @@ static int hostap_cs_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = (struct net_device *) link->priv;
 	int dev_open = 0;
+	struct hostap_interface *iface = NULL;
+
+	if (dev)
+		iface = netdev_priv(dev);
 
 	PDEBUG(DEBUG_EXTRA, "%s: CS_EVENT_PM_RESUME\n", dev_info);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		struct hostap_interface *iface = netdev_priv(dev);
-		if (iface && iface->local)
-			dev_open = iface->local->num_dev_open > 0;
+	if (iface && iface->local)
+		dev_open = iface->local->num_dev_open > 0;
 
-		prism2_hw_shutdown(dev, 1);
-		prism2_hw_config(dev, dev_open ? 0 : 1);
-		if (dev_open) {
-			netif_device_attach(dev);
-			netif_start_queue(dev);
-		}
+	prism2_hw_shutdown(dev, 1);
+	prism2_hw_config(dev, dev_open ? 0 : 1);
+	if (dev_open) {
+		netif_device_attach(dev);
+		netif_start_queue(dev);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/netwave_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/netwave_cs.c
index 2689f3bbc889659679dc3233f1519735c0f9adf8..fbc8595cde39ec08e1eb87b7d2dbf13d6371f767 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/netwave_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/netwave_cs.c
@@ -428,7 +428,6 @@ static int netwave_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     dev->stop = &netwave_close;
     link->irq.Instance = dev;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return netwave_pcmcia_config( link);
 } /* netwave_attach */
 
@@ -446,8 +445,7 @@ static void netwave_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	DEBUG(0, "netwave_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		netwave_release(link);
+	netwave_release(link);
 
 	if (link->dev_node)
 		unregister_netdev(dev);
@@ -763,9 +761,6 @@ static int netwave_pcmcia_config(struct pcmcia_device *link) {
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     /*
      *  Try allocating IO ports.  This tries a few fixed addresses.
      *  If you want, you can also read the card's config table to
@@ -823,7 +818,6 @@ static int netwave_pcmcia_config(struct pcmcia_device *link) {
 
     strcpy(priv->node.dev_name, dev->name);
     link->dev_node = &priv->node;
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
     /* Reset card before reading physical address */
     netwave_doreset(dev->base_addr, ramBase);
@@ -875,7 +869,7 @@ static int netwave_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -885,7 +879,7 @@ static int netwave_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		netwave_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco_cs.c
index 0e92bee16c9b37e48ca0b50c0246ebab93b48cd4..434f7d7ad8416c0f72132c8cfd90677b02afb21a 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco_cs.c
@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ orinoco_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = 0;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return orinoco_cs_config(link);
 }				/* orinoco_cs_attach */
 
@@ -148,8 +147,7 @@ static void orinoco_cs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		orinoco_cs_release(link);
+	orinoco_cs_release(link);
 
 	DEBUG(0, PFX "detach: link=%p link->dev_node=%p\n", link, link->dev_node);
 	if (link->dev_node) {
@@ -202,9 +200,6 @@ orinoco_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* Look up the current Vcc */
 	CS_CHECK(GetConfigurationInfo,
 		 pcmcia_get_configuration_info(link, &conf));
@@ -358,7 +353,6 @@ orinoco_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->dev_node = &card->node; /* link->dev_node being non-NULL is also
                                     used to indicate that the
                                     net_device has been registered */
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	/* Finally, report what we've done */
 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: index 0x%02x: ",
@@ -416,23 +410,21 @@ static int orinoco_cs_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	int err = 0;
 	unsigned long flags;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		/* This is probably racy, but I can't think of
-		   a better way, short of rewriting the PCMCIA
-		   layer to not suck :-( */
-		if (! test_bit(0, &card->hard_reset_in_progress)) {
-			spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->lock, flags);
+	/* This is probably racy, but I can't think of
+	   a better way, short of rewriting the PCMCIA
+	   layer to not suck :-( */
+	if (! test_bit(0, &card->hard_reset_in_progress)) {
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->lock, flags);
 
-			err = __orinoco_down(dev);
-			if (err)
-				printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Error %d downing interface\n",
-				       dev->name, err);
+		err = __orinoco_down(dev);
+		if (err)
+			printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Error %d downing interface\n",
+			       dev->name, err);
 
-			netif_device_detach(dev);
-			priv->hw_unavailable++;
+		netif_device_detach(dev);
+		priv->hw_unavailable++;
 
-			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->lock, flags);
-		}
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->lock, flags);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -446,29 +438,27 @@ static int orinoco_cs_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	int err = 0;
 	unsigned long flags;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		if (! test_bit(0, &card->hard_reset_in_progress)) {
-			err = orinoco_reinit_firmware(dev);
-			if (err) {
-				printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error %d re-initializing firmware\n",
-				       dev->name, err);
-				return -EIO;
-			}
-
-			spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->lock, flags);
+	if (! test_bit(0, &card->hard_reset_in_progress)) {
+		err = orinoco_reinit_firmware(dev);
+		if (err) {
+			printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error %d re-initializing firmware\n",
+			       dev->name, err);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
 
-			netif_device_attach(dev);
-			priv->hw_unavailable--;
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->lock, flags);
 
-			if (priv->open && ! priv->hw_unavailable) {
-				err = __orinoco_up(dev);
-				if (err)
-					printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error %d restarting card\n",
-					       dev->name, err);
-			}
+		netif_device_attach(dev);
+		priv->hw_unavailable--;
 
-			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->lock, flags);
+		if (priv->open && ! priv->hw_unavailable) {
+			err = __orinoco_up(dev);
+			if (err)
+				printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error %d restarting card\n",
+				       dev->name, err);
 		}
+
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->lock, flags);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/ray_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/ray_cs.c
index e3924339fabe480a3e3d4561d9cf9217a75327b4..85712ffb842a52b24855cc62d366153c6ad0efd9 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/ray_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/ray_cs.c
@@ -366,7 +366,6 @@ static int ray_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 
     init_timer(&local->timer);
 
-    p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     this_device = p_dev;
     return ray_config(p_dev);
 
@@ -389,12 +388,10 @@ static void ray_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     this_device = NULL;
     dev = link->priv;
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-	    ray_release(link);
+    ray_release(link);
 
-	    local = (ray_dev_t *)dev->priv;
-            del_timer(&local->timer);
-    }
+    local = (ray_dev_t *)dev->priv;
+    del_timer(&local->timer);
 
     if (link->priv) {
 	if (link->dev_node) unregister_netdev(dev);
@@ -448,9 +445,6 @@ static int ray_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
         if (buf[i] == 0) buf[i] = ' ';
     printk(KERN_INFO "ray_cs Detected: %s\n",buf);
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     /* Now allocate an interrupt line.  Note that this does not
        actually assign a handler to the interrupt.
     */
@@ -511,7 +505,6 @@ static int ray_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     strcpy(local->node.dev_name, dev->name);
     link->dev_node = &local->node;
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     printk(KERN_INFO "%s: RayLink, irq %d, hw_addr ",
        dev->name, dev->irq);
     for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
@@ -552,7 +545,7 @@ static int ray_init(struct net_device *dev)
     ray_dev_t *local = (ray_dev_t *)dev->priv;
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     DEBUG(1, "ray_init(0x%p)\n", dev);
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(0,"ray_init - device not present\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -615,7 +608,7 @@ static int dl_startup_params(struct net_device *dev)
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
 
     DEBUG(1,"dl_startup_params entered\n");
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs dl_startup_params - device not present\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -721,7 +714,7 @@ static void verify_dl_startup(u_long data)
     UCHAR status;
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs verify_dl_startup - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
@@ -760,7 +753,7 @@ static void start_net(u_long data)
     struct ccs __iomem *pccs;
     int ccsindex;
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs start_net - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
@@ -788,7 +781,7 @@ static void join_net(u_long data)
     int ccsindex;
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs join_net - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
@@ -839,7 +832,7 @@ static int ray_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -849,7 +842,7 @@ static int ray_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		ray_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
@@ -867,7 +860,7 @@ int ray_dev_init(struct net_device *dev)
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
 
     DEBUG(1,"ray_dev_init(dev=%p)\n",dev);
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_dev_init - device not present\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -901,7 +894,7 @@ static int ray_dev_config(struct net_device *dev, struct ifmap *map)
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     /* Dummy routine to satisfy device structure */
     DEBUG(1,"ray_dev_config(dev=%p,ifmap=%p)\n",dev,map);
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_dev_config - device not present\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -915,7 +908,7 @@ static int ray_dev_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     short length = skb->len;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_dev_start_xmit - device not present\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1542,7 +1535,7 @@ static iw_stats * ray_get_wireless_stats(struct net_device *	dev)
     }
 #endif /* WIRELESS_SPY */
 
-  if((link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+  if(pcmcia_dev_present(link)) {
     local->wstats.qual.noise = readb(&p->rxnoise);
     local->wstats.qual.updated |= 4;
   }
@@ -1674,7 +1667,7 @@ static int interrupt_ecf(ray_dev_t *local, int ccs)
     int i = 50;
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs interrupt_ecf - device not present\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1701,7 +1694,7 @@ static int get_free_tx_ccs(ray_dev_t *local)
     struct ccs __iomem *pccs = ccs_base(local);
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs get_free_tx_ccs - device not present\n");
         return ECARDGONE;
     }
@@ -1732,7 +1725,7 @@ static int get_free_ccs(ray_dev_t *local)
     struct ccs __iomem *pccs = ccs_base(local);
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs get_free_ccs - device not present\n");
         return ECARDGONE;
     }
@@ -1807,7 +1800,7 @@ static struct net_device_stats *ray_get_stats(struct net_device *dev)
     ray_dev_t *local = (ray_dev_t *)dev->priv;
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     struct status __iomem *p = local->sram + STATUS_BASE;
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs net_device_stats - device not present\n");
         return &local->stats;
     }
@@ -1840,7 +1833,7 @@ static void ray_update_parm(struct net_device *dev, UCHAR objid, UCHAR *value, i
     int i;
     struct ccs __iomem *pccs;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_update_parm - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
@@ -1875,7 +1868,7 @@ static void ray_update_multi_list(struct net_device *dev, int all)
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     void __iomem *p = local->sram + HOST_TO_ECF_BASE;
 
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_update_multi_list - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
@@ -1968,7 +1961,7 @@ static irqreturn_t ray_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs * regs)
 
     local = (ray_dev_t *)dev->priv;
     link = (struct pcmcia_device *)local->finder;
-    if ( ! (link->state & DEV_PRESENT) || link->suspended ) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))  || link->suspended ) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs interrupt from device not present or suspended.\n");
         return IRQ_NONE;
     }
@@ -2489,7 +2482,7 @@ static void authenticate(ray_dev_t *local)
 {
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     DEBUG(0,"ray_cs Starting authentication.\n");
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs authenticate - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
@@ -2556,7 +2549,7 @@ static void associate(ray_dev_t *local)
     struct pcmcia_device *link = local->finder;
     struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
     int ccsindex;
-    if (!(link->state & DEV_PRESENT)) {
+    if (!(pcmcia_dev_present(link))) {
         DEBUG(2,"ray_cs associate - device not present\n");
         return;
     }
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/spectrum_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/spectrum_cs.c
index 118b2c6e5a2930aee219ddb620c3cf248242facd..f7b77ce54d7bee77aafbbf541bfb77722593d951 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/spectrum_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/spectrum_cs.c
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ spectrum_reset(struct pcmcia_device *link, int idle)
 	u_int save_cor;
 
 	/* Doing it if hardware is gone is guaranteed crash */
-	if (!(link->state & DEV_CONFIG))
+	if (pcmcia_dev_present(link))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
 	/* Save original COR value */
@@ -613,7 +613,6 @@ spectrum_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = 0;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return spectrum_cs_config(link);
 }				/* spectrum_cs_attach */
 
@@ -627,8 +626,7 @@ static void spectrum_cs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		spectrum_cs_release(link);
+	spectrum_cs_release(link);
 
 	DEBUG(0, PFX "detach: link=%p link->dev_node=%p\n", link, link->dev_node);
 	if (link->dev_node) {
@@ -677,9 +675,6 @@ spectrum_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* Look up the current Vcc */
 	CS_CHECK(GetConfigurationInfo,
 		 pcmcia_get_configuration_info(link, &conf));
@@ -838,7 +833,6 @@ spectrum_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->dev_node = &card->node; /* link->dev_node being non-NULL is also
                                     used to indicate that the
                                     net_device has been registered */
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	/* Finally, report what we've done */
 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: index 0x%02x: ",
@@ -898,19 +892,17 @@ spectrum_cs_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	int err = 0;
 
 	/* Mark the device as stopped, to block IO until later */
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->lock, flags);
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->lock, flags);
 
-		err = __orinoco_down(dev);
-		if (err)
-			printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Error %d downing interface\n",
-			       dev->name, err);
+	err = __orinoco_down(dev);
+	if (err)
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Error %d downing interface\n",
+		       dev->name, err);
 
-		netif_device_detach(dev);
-		priv->hw_unavailable++;
+	netif_device_detach(dev);
+	priv->hw_unavailable++;
 
-		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->lock, flags);
-	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->lock, flags);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -921,11 +913,10 @@ spectrum_cs_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 	struct orinoco_private *priv = netdev_priv(dev);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		netif_device_attach(dev);
-		priv->hw_unavailable--;
-		schedule_work(&priv->reset_work);
-	}
+	netif_device_attach(dev);
+	priv->hw_unavailable--;
+	schedule_work(&priv->reset_work);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/wavelan_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/wavelan_cs.c
index 6b6769654777258a7b4807f2d286091518c69484..f7724eb2fa7ee35373e41d5f6128612c0dc8a073 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/wavelan_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/wavelan_cs.c
@@ -3983,12 +3983,9 @@ wv_pcmcia_config(struct pcmcia_device *	link)
   if(i != CS_SUCCESS)
     {
       cs_error(link, ParseTuple, i);
-      link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
       return FALSE;
     }
-    
-  /* Configure card */
-  link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
+
   do
     {
       i = pcmcia_request_io(link, &link->io);
@@ -4071,7 +4068,6 @@ wv_pcmcia_config(struct pcmcia_device *	link)
     }
   while(0);		/* Humm... Disguised goto !!! */
 
-  link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
   /* If any step failed, release any partially configured state */
   if(i != 0)
     {
@@ -4651,7 +4647,6 @@ wavelan_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
   /* Other specific data */
   dev->mtu = WAVELAN_MTU;
 
-  p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
   ret = wv_pcmcia_config(p_dev);
   if (ret)
 	  return ret;
@@ -4686,17 +4681,8 @@ wavelan_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
   printk(KERN_DEBUG "-> wavelan_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 #endif
 
-  /*
-   * If the device is currently configured and active, we won't
-   * actually delete it yet.  Instead, it is marked so that when the
-   * release() function is called, that will trigger a proper
-   * detach().
-   */
-  if(link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-    {
-      /* Some others haven't done their job : give them another chance */
-      wv_pcmcia_release(link);
-    }
+  /* Some others haven't done their job : give them another chance */
+  wv_pcmcia_release(link);
 
   /* Free pieces */
   if(link->priv)
@@ -4731,7 +4717,7 @@ static int wavelan_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	/* Stop receiving new messages and wait end of transmission */
 	wv_ru_stop(dev);
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	/* Power down the module */
@@ -4744,7 +4730,7 @@ static int wavelan_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct net_device *	dev = (struct net_device *) link->priv;
 
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))	{
+	if (link->open) {
 		wv_hw_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/wl3501_cs.c b/drivers/net/wireless/wl3501_cs.c
index 6b3a605897bdadd0250fc5b7c64659ed7067d9c8..b6578059de346c946a25dccab210af6dd5024735 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/wl3501_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/wl3501_cs.c
@@ -1485,13 +1485,11 @@ static void wl3501_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	 * delete it yet.  Instead, it is marked so that when the release()
 	 * function is called, that will trigger a proper detach(). */
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		while (link->open > 0)
-			wl3501_close(dev);
+	while (link->open > 0)
+		wl3501_close(dev);
 
-		netif_device_detach(dev);
-		wl3501_release(link);
-	}
+	netif_device_detach(dev);
+	wl3501_release(link);
 
 	if (link->priv)
 		free_netdev(link->priv);
@@ -1959,7 +1957,6 @@ static int wl3501_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	netif_stop_queue(dev);
 	p_dev->priv = p_dev->irq.Instance = dev;
 
-	p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return wl3501_config(p_dev);
 out_link:
 	return -ENOMEM;
@@ -1997,9 +1994,6 @@ static int wl3501_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase	= parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present	= parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* Try allocating IO ports.  This tries a few fixed addresses.  If you
 	 * want, you can also read the card's config table to pick addresses --
 	 * see the serial driver for an example. */
@@ -2044,7 +2038,6 @@ static int wl3501_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	 * arranged in a linked list at link->dev_node.
 	 */
 	link->dev_node = &this->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	this->base_addr = dev->base_addr;
 
@@ -2113,7 +2106,7 @@ static int wl3501_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
 	wl3501_pwr_mgmt(dev->priv, WL3501_SUSPEND);
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open))
+	if (link->open)
 		netif_device_detach(dev);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -2124,7 +2117,7 @@ static int wl3501_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	struct net_device *dev = link->priv;
 
 	wl3501_pwr_mgmt(dev->priv, WL3501_RESUME);
-	if ((link->state & DEV_CONFIG) && (link->open)) {
+	if (link->open) {
 		wl3501_reset(dev);
 		netif_device_attach(dev);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/parport/parport_cs.c b/drivers/parport/parport_cs.c
index e4be826c48ba68232b60fa41f754005ac3656ee0..b953d5907c05aac311151b49cc1ecc5ff78ad1a4 100644
--- a/drivers/parport/parport_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/parport/parport_cs.c
@@ -119,7 +119,6 @@ static int parport_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.Attributes = CONF_ENABLE_IRQ;
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return parport_config(link);
 } /* parport_attach */
 
@@ -136,8 +135,7 @@ static void parport_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
     DEBUG(0, "parport_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	parport_cs_release(link);
+    parport_cs_release(link);
 
     kfree(link->priv);
 } /* parport_detach */
@@ -175,9 +173,6 @@ static int parport_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
     link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
-    
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 
     tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
     tuple.Attributes = 0;
@@ -233,14 +228,12 @@ static int parport_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     strcpy(info->node.dev_name, p->name);
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return 0;
 
 cs_failed:
     cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
 failed:
     parport_cs_release(link);
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return -ENODEV;
 } /* parport_config */
 
diff --git a/drivers/pcmcia/cs_internal.h b/drivers/pcmcia/cs_internal.h
index ecc579bbaebac7869d1b7156f66a75552e71e1ee..d6164cd583fd1a29d9acf400a2ee6c39cafdf7d4 100644
--- a/drivers/pcmcia/cs_internal.h
+++ b/drivers/pcmcia/cs_internal.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #define CLIENT_IO_REQ		0x0004
 #define CLIENT_UNBOUND		0x0008
 #define CLIENT_STALE		0x0010
-#define CLIENT_WIN_REQ(i)	(0x20<<(i))
+#define CLIENT_WIN_REQ(i)	(0x1<<(i))
 #define CLIENT_CARDBUS		0x8000
 
 #define REGION_MAGIC	0xE3C9
diff --git a/drivers/pcmcia/ds.c b/drivers/pcmcia/ds.c
index 34e634aa48e40ce948625a3d818701fa42a8c52e..8c87343707cfe213ff5e529a956d4a2951fb0bcf 100644
--- a/drivers/pcmcia/ds.c
+++ b/drivers/pcmcia/ds.c
@@ -390,8 +390,6 @@ static int pcmcia_device_probe(struct device * dev)
 		goto put_dev;
 	}
 
-	p_dev->p_state &= ~CLIENT_UNBOUND;
-
 	ret = p_drv->probe(p_dev);
 	if (ret)
 		goto put_module;
@@ -433,17 +431,16 @@ static int pcmcia_device_remove(struct device * dev)
 	       	p_drv->remove(p_dev);
 
 	/* check for proper unloading */
-	if (p_dev->p_state & (CLIENT_IRQ_REQ|CLIENT_IO_REQ|CLIENT_CONFIG_LOCKED))
+	if (p_dev->_irq || p_dev->_io || p_dev->_locked)
 		printk(KERN_INFO "pcmcia: driver %s did not release config properly\n",
 		       p_drv->drv.name);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_WIN; i++)
-		if (p_dev->p_state & CLIENT_WIN_REQ(i))
+		if (p_dev->_win & CLIENT_WIN_REQ(i))
 			printk(KERN_INFO "pcmcia: driver %s did not release windows properly\n",
 			       p_drv->drv.name);
 
 	/* references from pcmcia_probe_device */
-	p_dev->p_state = CLIENT_UNBOUND;
 	pcmcia_put_dev(p_dev);
 	module_put(p_drv->owner);
 
@@ -472,7 +469,6 @@ static void pcmcia_card_remove(struct pcmcia_socket *s)
 		}
 		p_dev = list_entry((&s->devices_list)->next, struct pcmcia_device, socket_device_list);
 		list_del(&p_dev->socket_device_list);
-		p_dev->p_state |= CLIENT_STALE;
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pcmcia_dev_list_lock, flags);
 
 		device_unregister(&p_dev->dev);
@@ -602,9 +598,6 @@ struct pcmcia_device * pcmcia_device_add(struct pcmcia_socket *s, unsigned int f
 	sprintf (p_dev->devname, "pcmcia%s", p_dev->dev.bus_id);
 
 	/* compat */
-	p_dev->p_state = CLIENT_UNBOUND;
-
-
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pcmcia_dev_list_lock, flags);
 
 	/*
@@ -1033,15 +1026,18 @@ static int pcmcia_dev_suspend(struct device * dev, pm_message_t state)
 	if (dev->driver)
 		p_drv = to_pcmcia_drv(dev->driver);
 
-	if (p_drv && p_drv->suspend) {
+	if (!p_drv)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (p_drv->suspend) {
 		ret = p_drv->suspend(p_dev);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
-		if ((p_dev->state & DEV_CONFIG) &&
-		    !(p_dev->state & DEV_SUSPEND_NORELEASE))
-			pcmcia_release_configuration(p_dev);
 	}
 
+	if (p_dev->device_no == p_dev->func)
+		pcmcia_release_configuration(p_dev);
+
  out:
 	if (!ret)
 		p_dev->suspended = 1;
@@ -1058,17 +1054,18 @@ static int pcmcia_dev_resume(struct device * dev)
 	if (dev->driver)
 		p_drv = to_pcmcia_drv(dev->driver);
 
-	if (p_drv && p_drv->resume) {
-		if ((p_dev->state & DEV_CONFIG) &&
-		    !(p_dev->state & DEV_SUSPEND_NORELEASE)){
-			ret = pcmcia_request_configuration(p_dev,
-							   &p_dev->conf);
-			if (ret)
-				goto out;
-		}
-		ret = p_drv->resume(p_dev);
+	if (!p_drv)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (p_dev->device_no == p_dev->func) {
+		ret = pcmcia_request_configuration(p_dev, &p_dev->conf);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
 	}
 
+	if (p_drv->resume)
+		ret = p_drv->resume(p_dev);
+
  out:
 	if (!ret)
 		p_dev->suspended = 0;
diff --git a/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_ioctl.c b/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_ioctl.c
index 2b11a332175e339fe2b9f6e8c8e8cc7623a24e1d..c53db7ceda5e2ab12770964dc18216fa819ab4c8 100644
--- a/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_ioctl.c
+++ b/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_ioctl.c
@@ -304,6 +304,7 @@ static int get_device_info(struct pcmcia_socket *s, bind_info_t *bind_info, int
 {
 	dev_node_t *node;
 	struct pcmcia_device *p_dev;
+	struct pcmcia_driver *p_drv;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret = 0;
 
@@ -358,7 +359,8 @@ static int get_device_info(struct pcmcia_socket *s, bind_info_t *bind_info, int
  found:
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pcmcia_dev_list_lock, flags);
 
-	if (p_dev->state & DEV_CONFIG_PENDING) {
+	p_drv = to_pcmcia_drv(p_dev->dev.driver);
+	if (p_drv && !p_dev->_locked) {
 		ret = -EAGAIN;
 		goto err_put;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_resource.c b/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_resource.c
index dbf167c979f64648ad1f23e4e3855eb1e38eb4fc..45063b4e5b780d5529e228390db91c7eb40bd5f1 100644
--- a/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_resource.c
+++ b/drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_resource.c
@@ -476,8 +476,8 @@ int pcmcia_release_configuration(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	config_t *c = p_dev->function_config;
 	int i;
 
-	if (p_dev->p_state & CLIENT_CONFIG_LOCKED) {
-		p_dev->p_state &= ~CLIENT_CONFIG_LOCKED;
+	if (p_dev->_locked) {
+		p_dev->_locked = 0;
 		if (--(s->lock_count) == 0) {
 			s->socket.flags = SS_OUTPUT_ENA;   /* Is this correct? */
 			s->socket.Vpp = 0;
@@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ static int pcmcia_release_io(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev, io_req_t *req)
 	struct pcmcia_socket *s = p_dev->socket;
 	config_t *c = p_dev->function_config;
 
-	if (!(p_dev->p_state & CLIENT_IO_REQ))
+	if (!p_dev->_io )
 		return CS_BAD_HANDLE;
 
-	p_dev->p_state &= ~CLIENT_IO_REQ;
+	p_dev->_io = 0;
 
 	if ((c->io.BasePort1 != req->BasePort1) ||
 	    (c->io.NumPorts1 != req->NumPorts1) ||
@@ -542,9 +542,9 @@ static int pcmcia_release_irq(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev, irq_req_t *req)
 	struct pcmcia_socket *s = p_dev->socket;
 	config_t *c= p_dev->function_config;
 
-	if (!(p_dev->p_state & CLIENT_IRQ_REQ))
+	if (!p_dev->_irq)
 		return CS_BAD_HANDLE;
-	p_dev->p_state &= ~CLIENT_IRQ_REQ;
+	p_dev->_irq = 0;
 
 	if (c->state & CONFIG_LOCKED)
 		return CS_CONFIGURATION_LOCKED;
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ int pcmcia_release_window(window_handle_t win)
 	if ((win == NULL) || (win->magic != WINDOW_MAGIC))
 		return CS_BAD_HANDLE;
 	s = win->sock;
-	if (!(win->handle->p_state & CLIENT_WIN_REQ(win->index)))
+	if (!(win->handle->_win & CLIENT_WIN_REQ(win->index)))
 		return CS_BAD_HANDLE;
 
 	/* Shut down memory window */
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ int pcmcia_release_window(window_handle_t win)
 		kfree(win->ctl.res);
 		win->ctl.res = NULL;
 	}
-	win->handle->p_state &= ~CLIENT_WIN_REQ(win->index);
+	win->handle->_win &= ~CLIENT_WIN_REQ(win->index);
 
 	win->magic = 0;
 
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ int pcmcia_request_configuration(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev,
 	}
 
 	c->state |= CONFIG_LOCKED;
-	p_dev->p_state |= CLIENT_CONFIG_LOCKED;
+	p_dev->_locked = 1;
 	return CS_SUCCESS;
 } /* pcmcia_request_configuration */
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcmcia_request_configuration);
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ int pcmcia_request_io(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev, io_req_t *req)
 
 	c->io = *req;
 	c->state |= CONFIG_IO_REQ;
-	p_dev->p_state |= CLIENT_IO_REQ;
+	p_dev->_io = 1;
 	return CS_SUCCESS;
 } /* pcmcia_request_io */
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcmcia_request_io);
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ int pcmcia_request_irq(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev, irq_req_t *req)
 	s->irq.Config++;
 
 	c->state |= CONFIG_IRQ_REQ;
-	p_dev->p_state |= CLIENT_IRQ_REQ;
+	p_dev->_irq = 1;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PCMCIA_PROBE
 	pcmcia_used_irq[irq]++;
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ int pcmcia_request_window(struct pcmcia_device **p_dev, win_req_t *req, window_h
 		if (!win->ctl.res)
 			return CS_IN_USE;
 	}
-	(*p_dev)->p_state |= CLIENT_WIN_REQ(w);
+	(*p_dev)->_win |= CLIENT_WIN_REQ(w);
 
 	/* Configure the socket controller */
 	win->ctl.map = w+1;
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/aha152x_stub.c b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/aha152x_stub.c
index 7caa700cf1896a8cb78aba894941aca77b68929f..ee449b29fc82cb82cca0cbd0bcfa31ff7ad61dcd 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/aha152x_stub.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/aha152x_stub.c
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ static int aha152x_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
     link->conf.Present = PRESENT_OPTION;
 
-    link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return aha152x_config_cs(link);
 } /* aha152x_attach */
 
@@ -132,8 +131,7 @@ static void aha152x_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
     DEBUG(0, "aha152x_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-    if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-	aha152x_release_cs(link);
+    aha152x_release_cs(link);
 
     /* Unlink device structure, free bits */
     kfree(link->priv);
@@ -165,9 +163,6 @@ static int aha152x_config_cs(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
     CS_CHECK(GetFirstTuple, pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple));
     while (1) {
@@ -216,7 +211,6 @@ static int aha152x_config_cs(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
     info->host = host;
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return 0;
 
 cs_failed:
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/fdomain_stub.c b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/fdomain_stub.c
index 80afd3e879cc070aa3b0d9db9cee81f73f406240..85f7ffac19a0ef589cbc9c4643c8ef9b6f7a0f71 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/fdomain_stub.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/fdomain_stub.c
@@ -105,7 +105,6 @@ static int fdomain_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 	link->conf.Present = PRESENT_OPTION;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return fdomain_config(link);
 } /* fdomain_attach */
 
@@ -115,8 +114,7 @@ static void fdomain_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DEBUG(0, "fdomain_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		fdomain_release(link);
+	fdomain_release(link);
 
 	kfree(link->priv);
 } /* fdomain_detach */
@@ -147,9 +145,6 @@ static int fdomain_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
     link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 
-    /* Configure card */
-    link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
     tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
     CS_CHECK(GetFirstTuple, pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple));
     while (1) {
@@ -188,7 +183,6 @@ static int fdomain_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
     link->dev_node = &info->node;
     info->host = host;
 
-    link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
     return 0;
 
 cs_failed:
@@ -214,8 +208,7 @@ static void fdomain_release(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 static int fdomain_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		fdomain_16x0_bus_reset(NULL);
+	fdomain_16x0_bus_reset(NULL);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/nsp_cs.c b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/nsp_cs.c
index deec1c3a26199b0f9da9717931bea20023b14725..231f9c311c697d77f1652343d536b6746c825d27 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/nsp_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/nsp_cs.c
@@ -1630,7 +1630,6 @@ static int nsp_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.IntType	 = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 	link->conf.Present	 = PRESENT_OPTION;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	ret = nsp_cs_config(link);
 
 	nsp_dbg(NSP_DEBUG_INIT, "link=0x%p", link);
@@ -1648,10 +1647,8 @@ static void nsp_cs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	nsp_dbg(NSP_DEBUG_INIT, "in, link=0x%p", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		((scsi_info_t *)link->priv)->stop = 1;
-		nsp_cs_release(link);
-	}
+	((scsi_info_t *)link->priv)->stop = 1;
+	nsp_cs_release(link);
 
 	kfree(link->priv);
 	link->priv = NULL;
@@ -1698,9 +1695,6 @@ static int nsp_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present    = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state	      |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* Look up the current Vcc */
 	CS_CHECK(GetConfigurationInfo, pcmcia_get_configuration_info(link, &conf));
 
@@ -1921,7 +1915,6 @@ static int nsp_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		       req.Base+req.Size-1);
 	printk("\n");
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return 0;
 
  cs_failed:
@@ -2071,19 +2064,7 @@ static int __init nsp_cs_init(void)
 static void __exit nsp_cs_exit(void)
 {
 	nsp_msg(KERN_INFO, "unloading...");
-
-#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,5,68))
 	pcmcia_unregister_driver(&nsp_driver);
-#else
-	unregister_pcmcia_driver(&dev_info);
-	/* XXX: this really needs to move into generic code.. */
-	while (dev_list != NULL) {
-		if (dev_list->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-			nsp_cs_release(dev_list);
-		}
-		nsp_cs_detach(dev_list);
-	}
-#endif
 }
 
 
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/qlogic_stub.c b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/qlogic_stub.c
index 61c2eb03a9b512a7e2292a9a7f9b03135286c859..86c2ac6ae6239abfd374c29cb98595610fed28dd 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/qlogic_stub.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/qlogic_stub.c
@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ static int qlogic_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 	link->conf.Present = PRESENT_OPTION;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return qlogic_config(link);
 }				/* qlogic_attach */
 
@@ -188,9 +187,7 @@ static void qlogic_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DEBUG(0, "qlogic_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		qlogic_release(link);
-
+	qlogic_release(link);
 	kfree(link->priv);
 
 }				/* qlogic_detach */
@@ -224,9 +221,6 @@ static int qlogic_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	if ((pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple) == CS_SUCCESS) && (pcmcia_get_tuple_data(link, &tuple) == CS_SUCCESS))
 		info->manf_id = le16_to_cpu(tuple.TupleData[0]);
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
 	CS_CHECK(GetFirstTuple, pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple));
 	while (1) {
@@ -272,7 +266,6 @@ static int qlogic_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	link->dev_node = &info->node;
 	info->host = host;
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return 0;
 
 cs_failed:
@@ -302,20 +295,18 @@ static void qlogic_release(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 static int qlogic_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		scsi_info_t *info = link->priv;
-
-		pcmcia_request_configuration(link, &link->conf);
-		if ((info->manf_id == MANFID_MACNICA) ||
-		    (info->manf_id == MANFID_PIONEER) ||
-		    (info->manf_id == 0x0098)) {
-			outb(0x80, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
-			outb(0x24, link->io.BasePort1 + 0x9);
-			outb(0x04, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
-		}
-		/* Ugggglllyyyy!!! */
-		qlogicfas408_bus_reset(NULL);
+	scsi_info_t *info = link->priv;
+
+	pcmcia_request_configuration(link, &link->conf);
+	if ((info->manf_id == MANFID_MACNICA) ||
+	    (info->manf_id == MANFID_PIONEER) ||
+	    (info->manf_id == 0x0098)) {
+		outb(0x80, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
+		outb(0x24, link->io.BasePort1 + 0x9);
+		outb(0x04, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
 	}
+	/* Ugggglllyyyy!!! */
+	qlogicfas408_bus_reset(NULL);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/sym53c500_cs.c b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/sym53c500_cs.c
index b4432206a881f51b9467f44d9fbc81dd86dfd4dd..9f59827707f0c7e6bd01d55f1642d4d82007707c 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/sym53c500_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/pcmcia/sym53c500_cs.c
@@ -736,9 +736,6 @@ SYM53C500_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	    (pcmcia_get_tuple_data(link, &tuple) == CS_SUCCESS))
 		info->manf_id = le16_to_cpu(tuple.TupleData[0]);
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
 	CS_CHECK(GetFirstTuple, pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple));
 	while (1) {
@@ -836,7 +833,6 @@ SYM53C500_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 
 	scsi_scan_host(host);
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return 0;
 
 err_free_irq:
@@ -846,7 +842,6 @@ SYM53C500_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 err_release:
 	release_region(port_base, 0x10);
 	printk(KERN_INFO "sym53c500_cs: no SCSI devices found\n");
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return -ENODEV;
 
 cs_failed:
@@ -859,21 +854,19 @@ static int sym53c500_resume(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	struct scsi_info_t *info = link->priv;
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		/* See earlier comment about manufacturer IDs. */
-		if ((info->manf_id == MANFID_MACNICA) ||
-		    (info->manf_id == MANFID_PIONEER) ||
-		    (info->manf_id == 0x0098)) {
-			outb(0x80, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
-			outb(0x24, link->io.BasePort1 + 0x9);
-			outb(0x04, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
-		}
-		/*
-		 *  If things don't work after a "resume",
-		 *  this is a good place to start looking.
-		 */
-		SYM53C500_int_host_reset(link->io.BasePort1);
+	/* See earlier comment about manufacturer IDs. */
+	if ((info->manf_id == MANFID_MACNICA) ||
+	    (info->manf_id == MANFID_PIONEER) ||
+	    (info->manf_id == 0x0098)) {
+		outb(0x80, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
+		outb(0x24, link->io.BasePort1 + 0x9);
+		outb(0x04, link->io.BasePort1 + 0xd);
 	}
+	/*
+	 *  If things don't work after a "resume",
+	 *  this is a good place to start looking.
+	 */
+	SYM53C500_int_host_reset(link->io.BasePort1);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -883,8 +876,7 @@ SYM53C500_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DEBUG(0, "SYM53C500_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		SYM53C500_release(link);
+	SYM53C500_release(link);
 
 	kfree(link->priv);
 	link->priv = NULL;
@@ -913,7 +905,6 @@ SYM53C500_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 	link->conf.Present = PRESENT_OPTION;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return SYM53C500_config(link);
 } /* SYM53C500_attach */
 
diff --git a/drivers/serial/serial_cs.c b/drivers/serial/serial_cs.c
index e7875090dc4cdaaf84c2a910e3ec0450c99dd54c..eec05a0a86f6d122e53dc2f7119030c2ac6b6059 100644
--- a/drivers/serial/serial_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/serial/serial_cs.c
@@ -128,38 +128,27 @@ static void serial_remove(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	struct serial_info *info = link->priv;
 	int i;
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_PRESENT;
-
 	DEBUG(0, "serial_release(0x%p)\n", link);
 
 	/*
 	 * Recheck to see if the device is still configured.
 	 */
-	if (info->p_dev->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		for (i = 0; i < info->ndev; i++)
-			serial8250_unregister_port(info->line[i]);
-
-		info->p_dev->dev_node = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < info->ndev; i++)
+		serial8250_unregister_port(info->line[i]);
 
-		if (!info->slave)
-			pcmcia_disable_device(link);
+	info->p_dev->dev_node = NULL;
 
-		info->p_dev->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG;
-	}
+	if (!info->slave)
+		pcmcia_disable_device(link);
 }
 
 static int serial_suspend(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG) {
-		struct serial_info *info = link->priv;
-		int i;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < info->ndev; i++)
-			serial8250_suspend_port(info->line[i]);
+	struct serial_info *info = link->priv;
+	int i;
 
-		if (info->slave)
-			link->state &= DEV_SUSPEND_NORELEASE;
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < info->ndev; i++)
+		serial8250_suspend_port(info->line[i]);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -210,7 +199,6 @@ static int serial_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	}
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return serial_config(link);
 }
 
@@ -586,9 +574,6 @@ static int serial_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse->config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse->config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* Is this a compliant multifunction card? */
 	tuple->DesiredTuple = CISTPL_LONGLINK_MFC;
 	tuple->Attributes = TUPLE_RETURN_COMMON | TUPLE_RETURN_LINK;
@@ -648,7 +633,6 @@ static int serial_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	}
 
 	link->dev_node = &info->node[0];
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	kfree(cfg_mem);
 	return 0;
 
@@ -656,7 +640,6 @@ static int serial_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
  failed:
 	serial_remove(link);
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	kfree(cfg_mem);
 	return -ENODEV;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/telephony/ixj_pcmcia.c b/drivers/telephony/ixj_pcmcia.c
index 5c7611c2ac6c2901bbeea2c74db46cec4dbf369a..dda0ca45d904ff6b8323f83fb70d1a714b67f582 100644
--- a/drivers/telephony/ixj_pcmcia.c
+++ b/drivers/telephony/ixj_pcmcia.c
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ static int ixj_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	}
 	memset(p_dev->priv, 0, sizeof(struct ixj_info_t));
 
-	p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return ixj_config(p_dev);
 }
 
@@ -60,8 +59,7 @@ static void ixj_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DEBUG(0, "ixj_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		ixj_cs_release(link);
+	ixj_cs_release(link);
 
         kfree(link->priv);
 }
@@ -155,7 +153,6 @@ static int ixj_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	CS_CHECK(ParseTuple, pcmcia_parse_tuple(link, &tuple, &parse));
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
 	tuple.DesiredTuple = CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY;
 	tuple.Attributes = 0;
 	CS_CHECK(GetFirstTuple, pcmcia_get_first_tuple(link, &tuple));
@@ -194,7 +191,6 @@ static int ixj_config(struct pcmcia_device * link)
 	info->node.major = PHONE_MAJOR;
 	link->dev_node = &info->node;
 	ixj_get_serial(link, j);
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return 0;
       cs_failed:
 	cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/sl811_cs.c b/drivers/usb/host/sl811_cs.c
index e8b8e9a93084a2dd927a72b022b7595b4fe554e4..302aa1ec312f55ef21592dd40c4e164ee12d5322 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/sl811_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/sl811_cs.c
@@ -142,9 +142,7 @@ static void sl811_cs_detach(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 {
 	DBG(0, "sl811_cs_detach(0x%p)\n", link);
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_PRESENT;
-	if (link->state & DEV_CONFIG)
-		sl811_cs_release(link);
+	sl811_cs_release(link);
 
 	/* This points to the parent local_info_t struct */
 	kfree(link->priv);
@@ -182,9 +180,6 @@ static int sl811_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigBase = parse.config.base;
 	link->conf.Present = parse.config.rmask[0];
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	/* Look up the current Vcc */
 	CS_CHECK(GetConfigurationInfo,
 			pcmcia_get_configuration_info(link, &conf));
@@ -276,15 +271,12 @@ static int sl811_cs_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	       link->io.BasePort1+link->io.NumPorts1-1);
 	printk("\n");
 
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
-
 	if (sl811_hc_init(parent, link->io.BasePort1, link->irq.AssignedIRQ)
 			< 0) {
 cs_failed:
 		printk("sl811_cs_config failed\n");
 		cs_error(link, last_fn, last_ret);
 		sl811_cs_release(link);
-		link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 		return  -ENODEV;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -309,7 +301,6 @@ static int sl811_cs_probe(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.Attributes = 0;
 	link->conf.IntType = INT_MEMORY_AND_IO;
 
-	link->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return sl811_cs_config(link);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/pcmcia/ds.h b/include/pcmcia/ds.h
index 93a7ebc341561fd58fafe6fcb042d9f65027f59e..a8ce8fc115146efd02b52613e3788d77a475fe14 100644
--- a/include/pcmcia/ds.h
+++ b/include/pcmcia/ds.h
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ typedef union ds_ioctl_arg_t {
 
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
 #include <linux/device.h>
+#include <pcmcia/ss.h>
 
 typedef struct dev_node_t {
     char		dev_name[DEV_NAME_LEN];
@@ -103,15 +104,11 @@ typedef struct dev_node_t {
     struct dev_node_t	*next;
 } dev_node_t;
 
-/* Flags for device state */
-#define DEV_PRESENT		0x01
-#define DEV_CONFIG		0x02
-#define DEV_SUSPEND_NORELEASE	0x04
-#define DEV_CONFIG_PENDING	0x10
-#define DEV_BUSY		0x80
+#define pcmcia_dev_present(p_dev) \
+    (p_dev->socket->pcmcia_state.present)
 
 #define DEV_OK(l) \
-    ((l) && ((l->state & ~DEV_BUSY) == (DEV_CONFIG|DEV_PRESENT)))
+    ((l) && (!l->suspended) && pcmcia_dev_present(l))
 
 
 struct pcmcia_socket;
@@ -133,6 +130,7 @@ struct pcmcia_driver {
 int pcmcia_register_driver(struct pcmcia_driver *driver);
 void pcmcia_unregister_driver(struct pcmcia_driver *driver);
 
+
 struct pcmcia_device {
 	/* the socket and the device_no [for multifunction devices]
 	   uniquely define a pcmcia_device */
@@ -151,25 +149,32 @@ struct pcmcia_device {
 
 	/* deprecated, will be cleaned up soon */
 	dev_node_t		*dev_node;
-	u_int			state;
 	u_int			open;
 	io_req_t		io;
 	irq_req_t		irq;
 	config_req_t		conf;
 	window_handle_t		win;
-	void			*priv;
 
-	u_int			p_state;
+	/* Is the device suspended? */
+	u16			suspended:1;
+
+	/* Flags whether io, irq, win configurations were
+	 * requested, and whether the configuration is "locked" */
+	u16			_irq:1;
+	u16			_io:1;
+	u16			_win:4;
+	u16			_locked:1;
 
-	u8			suspended:1;
-	u8			reserved:3;
+	/* Flag whether a "fuzzy" func_id based match is
+	 * allowed. */
+	u16			allow_func_id_match:1;
 
 	/* information about this device */
-	u8			has_manf_id:1;
-	u8			has_card_id:1;
-	u8			has_func_id:1;
+	u16			has_manf_id:1;
+	u16			has_card_id:1;
+	u16			has_func_id:1;
 
-	u8			allow_func_id_match:1;
+	u16			reserved:4;
 
 	u8			func_id;
 	u16			manf_id;
@@ -183,6 +188,9 @@ struct pcmcia_device {
 	/* device driver wanted by cardmgr */
 	struct pcmcia_driver *	cardmgr;
 #endif
+
+	/* data private to drivers */
+	void			*priv;
 };
 
 #define to_pcmcia_dev(n) container_of(n, struct pcmcia_device, dev)
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c b/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c
index 923b1d0c2f1bbcbe7b6461fbda4474b957819dad..a1333fa236acd931ab51622e8573027800140678 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c
@@ -243,9 +243,6 @@ static int pdacf_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 	link->conf.ConfigIndex = 0x5;
 	kfree(parse);
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	CS_CHECK(RequestIO, pcmcia_request_io(link, &link->io));
 	CS_CHECK(RequestIRQ, pcmcia_request_irq(link, &link->irq));
 	CS_CHECK(RequestConfiguration, pcmcia_request_configuration(link, &link->conf));
@@ -254,7 +251,6 @@ static int pdacf_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		goto failed;
 
 	link->dev_node = &pdacf->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	return 0;
 
 cs_failed:
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c
index 4004b35e8af5facb4c6e9af4624ea526ba31d5c5..f5f4a577a44131716db70d246fb54a3cff829ec8 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c
@@ -249,9 +249,6 @@ static int vxpocket_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		strcpy(chip->card->driver, vxp440_hw.name);
 	}
 
-	/* Configure card */
-	link->state |= DEV_CONFIG;
-
 	CS_CHECK(RequestIO, pcmcia_request_io(link, &link->io));
 	CS_CHECK(RequestIRQ, pcmcia_request_irq(link, &link->irq));
 	CS_CHECK(RequestConfiguration, pcmcia_request_configuration(link, &link->conf));
@@ -263,7 +260,6 @@ static int vxpocket_config(struct pcmcia_device *link)
 		goto failed;
 
 	link->dev_node = &vxp->node;
-	link->state &= ~DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 	kfree(parse);
 	return 9;
 
@@ -348,7 +344,6 @@ static int vxpocket_probe(struct pcmcia_device *p_dev)
 	card_alloc |= 1 << i;
 
 	vxp->p_dev = p_dev;
-	vxp->p_dev->state |= DEV_PRESENT | DEV_CONFIG_PENDING;
 
 	return vxpocket_config(p_dev);
 }