ARC: DWARF2 .debug_frame based stack unwinder

-Originally written by Rajeshwar Ranga
-Derived off of generic unwinder in 2.6.19 and adapted to ARC
Signed-off-by: NVineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Rajeshwar Ranga <rajeshwar.ranga@gmail.com>

arch/arc/Kconfig

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ config ARC
 	select HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
 	select HAVE_GENERIC_HARDIRQS
 	select HAVE_MEMBLOCK
+	select HAVE_MOD_ARCH_SPECIFIC if ARC_DW2_UNWIND
 	select HAVE_OPROFILE
 	select IRQ_DOMAIN
 	select MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
@@ -344,6 +345,20 @@ menuconfig ARC_DBG
 	bool "ARC debugging"
 	default y
 
+config ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+	bool "Enable DWARF specific kernel stack unwind"
+	depends on ARC_DBG
+	default y
+	select KALLSYMS
+	help
+	  Compiles the kernel with DWARF unwind information and can be used
+	  to get stack backtraces.
+
+	  If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will be slightly larger
+	  but not slower, and it will give very useful debugging information.
+	  If you don't debug the kernel, you can say N, but we may not be able
+	  to solve problems without frame unwind information
+
 config ARC_DBG_TLB_PARANOIA
 	bool "Paranoia Checks in Low Level TLB Handlers"
 	depends on ARC_DBG && !SMP

arch/arc/include/asm/module.h

@@ -14,6 +14,13 @@
 
 #include <asm-generic/module.h>
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+struct mod_arch_specific {
+	void *unw_info;
+	int unw_sec_idx;
+};
+#endif
+
 #define MODULE_PROC_FAMILY "ARC700"
 
 #define MODULE_ARCH_VERMAGIC MODULE_PROC_FAMILY

arch/arc/include/asm/unwind.h

+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007-2010, 2011-2012 Synopsys, Inc. (www.synopsys.com)
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _ASM_ARC_UNWIND_H
+#define _ASM_ARC_UNWIND_H
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+
+struct arc700_regs {
+	unsigned long r0;
+	unsigned long r1;
+	unsigned long r2;
+	unsigned long r3;
+	unsigned long r4;
+	unsigned long r5;
+	unsigned long r6;
+	unsigned long r7;
+	unsigned long r8;
+	unsigned long r9;
+	unsigned long r10;
+	unsigned long r11;
+	unsigned long r12;
+	unsigned long r13;
+	unsigned long r14;
+	unsigned long r15;
+	unsigned long r16;
+	unsigned long r17;
+	unsigned long r18;
+	unsigned long r19;
+	unsigned long r20;
+	unsigned long r21;
+	unsigned long r22;
+	unsigned long r23;
+	unsigned long r24;
+	unsigned long r25;
+	unsigned long r26;
+	unsigned long r27;	/* fp */
+	unsigned long r28;	/* sp */
+	unsigned long r29;
+	unsigned long r30;
+	unsigned long r31;	/* blink */
+	unsigned long r63;	/* pc */
+};
+
+struct unwind_frame_info {
+	struct arc700_regs regs;
+	struct task_struct *task;
+	unsigned call_frame:1;
+};
+
+#define UNW_PC(frame)		((frame)->regs.r63)
+#define UNW_SP(frame)		((frame)->regs.r28)
+#define UNW_BLINK(frame)	((frame)->regs.r31)
+
+/* Rajesh FIXME */
+#ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
+#define UNW_FP(frame)		((frame)->regs.r27)
+#define FRAME_RETADDR_OFFSET	4
+#define FRAME_LINK_OFFSET	0
+#define STACK_BOTTOM_UNW(tsk)	STACK_LIMIT((tsk)->thread.ksp)
+#define STACK_TOP_UNW(tsk)	((tsk)->thread.ksp)
+#else
+#define UNW_FP(frame)		((void)(frame), 0)
+#endif
+
+#define STACK_LIMIT(ptr)	(((ptr) - 1) & ~(THREAD_SIZE - 1))
+
+#define UNW_REGISTER_INFO \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r0), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r1), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r2), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r3), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r4), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r5), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r6), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r7), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r8), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r9), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r10), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r11), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r12), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r13), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r14), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r15), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r16), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r17), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r18), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r19), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r20), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r21), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r22), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r23), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r24), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r25), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r26), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r27), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r28), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r29), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r30), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r31), \
+	PTREGS_INFO(r63)
+
+#define UNW_DEFAULT_RA(raItem, dataAlign) \
+	((raItem).where == Memory && !((raItem).value * (dataAlign) + 4))
+
+extern int arc_unwind(struct unwind_frame_info *frame);
+extern void arc_unwind_init(void);
+extern void arc_unwind_setup(void);
+extern void *unwind_add_table(struct module *module, const void *table_start,
+			      unsigned long table_size);
+extern void unwind_remove_table(void *handle, int init_only);
+
+static inline int
+arch_unwind_init_running(struct unwind_frame_info *info,
+			 int (*callback) (struct unwind_frame_info *info,
+					  void *arg),
+			 void *arg)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int arch_unw_user_mode(const struct unwind_frame_info *info)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void arch_unw_init_blocked(struct unwind_frame_info *info)
+{
+	return;
+}
+
+static inline void arch_unw_init_frame_info(struct unwind_frame_info *info,
+					    struct pt_regs *regs)
+{
+	return;
+}
+
+#else
+
+#define UNW_PC(frame) ((void)(frame), 0)
+#define UNW_SP(frame) ((void)(frame), 0)
+#define UNW_FP(frame) ((void)(frame), 0)
+
+static inline void arc_unwind_init(void)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void arc_unwind_setup(void)
+{
+}
+#define unwind_add_table(a, b, c)
+#define unwind_remove_table(a, b)
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND */
+
+#endif /* _ASM_ARC_UNWIND_H */

arch/arc/kernel/Makefile

@@ -14,10 +14,16 @@ obj-y	+= devtree.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_MODULES)			+= arcksyms.o module.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) 			+= smp.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND)		+= unwind.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_ARC_FPU_SAVE_RESTORE)	+= fpu.o
 CFLAGS_fpu.o   += -mdpfp
 
+ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+CFLAGS_ctx_sw.o += -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+obj-y += ctx_sw.o
+else
 obj-y += ctx_sw_asm.o
+endif
 
 extra-y := vmlinux.lds head.o

arch/arc/kernel/entry.S

@@ -815,3 +815,12 @@ ARC_ENTRY sys_clone_wrapper
 
 	b ret_from_system_call
 ARC_EXIT sys_clone_wrapper
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+; Workaround for bug 94179 (STAR ):
+; Despite -fasynchronous-unwind-tables, linker is not making dwarf2 unwinder
+; section (.debug_frame) as loadable. So we force it here.
+; This also fixes STAR 9000487933 where the prev-workaround (objcopy --setflag)
+; would not work after a clean build due to kernel build system dependencies.
+.section .debug_frame, "wa",@progbits
+#endif

arch/arc/kernel/module.c

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
+#include <asm/unwind.h>
 
 static inline void arc_write_me(unsigned short *addr, unsigned long value)
 {
@@ -21,6 +22,42 @@ static inline void arc_write_me(unsigned short *addr, unsigned long value)
 	*(addr + 1) = (value & 0xffff);
 }
 
+/* ARC specific section quirks - before relocation loop in generic loader
+ *
+ * For dwarf unwinding out of modules, this needs to
+ * 1. Ensure the .debug_frame is allocatable (ARC Linker bug: despite
+ *    -fasynchronous-unwind-tables it doesn't).
+ * 2. Since we are iterating thru sec hdr tbl anyways, make a note of
+ *    the exact section index, for later use.
+ */
+int module_frob_arch_sections(Elf_Ehdr *hdr, Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
+			      char *secstr, struct module *mod)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+	int i;
+
+	mod->arch.unw_sec_idx = 0;
+	mod->arch.unw_info = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(secstr+sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".debug_frame") == 0) {
+			sechdrs[i].sh_flags |= SHF_ALLOC;
+			mod->arch.unw_sec_idx = i;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void module_arch_cleanup(struct module *mod)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+	if (mod->arch.unw_info)
+		unwind_remove_table(mod->arch.unw_info, 0);
+#endif
+}
+
 int apply_relocate_add(Elf32_Shdr *sechdrs,
 		       const char *strtab,
 		       unsigned int symindex,	/* sec index for sym tbl */
@@ -85,3 +122,24 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf32_Shdr *sechdrs,
 	return -ENOEXEC;
 
 }
+
+/* Just before lift off: After sections have been relocated, we add the
+ * dwarf section to unwinder table pool
+ * This couldn't be done in module_frob_arch_sections() because
+ * relocations had not been applied by then
+ */
+int module_finalize(const Elf32_Ehdr *hdr, const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
+		    struct module *mod)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+	void *unw;
+	int unwsec = mod->arch.unw_sec_idx;
+
+	if (unwsec) {
+		unw = unwind_add_table(mod, (void *)sechdrs[unwsec].sh_addr,
+				       sechdrs[unwsec].sh_size);
+		mod->arch.unw_info = unw;
+	}
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}

arch/arc/kernel/setup.c

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <asm/irq.h>
 #include <asm/arcregs.h>
 #include <asm/prom.h>
+#include <asm/unwind.h>
 
 #define FIX_PTR(x)  __asm__ __volatile__(";" : "+r"(x))
 
@@ -105,6 +106,8 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	conswitchp = &dummy_con;
 #endif
 
+	arc_unwind_init();
+	arc_unwind_setup();
 }
 
 /*

arch/arc/kernel/unwind.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2010, 2011-2012 Synopsys, Inc. (www.synopsys.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2002-2006 Novell, Inc.
+ *	Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * A simple API for unwinding kernel stacks.  This is used for
+ * debugging and error reporting purposes.  The kernel doesn't need
+ * full-blown stack unwinding with all the bells and whistles, so there
+ * is not much point in implementing the full Dwarf2 unwind API.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/bootmem.h>
+#include <linux/sort.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/stop_machine.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/ptrace.h>
+#include <asm/sections.h>
+#include <asm/unaligned.h>
+#include <asm/unwind.h>
+
+extern char __start_unwind[], __end_unwind[];
+/* extern const u8 __start_unwind_hdr[], __end_unwind_hdr[];*/
+
+/* #define UNWIND_DEBUG */
+
+#ifdef UNWIND_DEBUG
+int dbg_unw;
+#define unw_debug(fmt, ...)			\
+do {						\
+	if (dbg_unw)				\
+		pr_info(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__);	\
+} while (0);
+#else
+#define unw_debug(fmt, ...)
+#endif
+
+#define MAX_STACK_DEPTH 8
+
+#define EXTRA_INFO(f) { \
+		BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(offsetof(struct unwind_frame_info, f) \
+				% FIELD_SIZEOF(struct unwind_frame_info, f)) \
+				+ offsetof(struct unwind_frame_info, f) \
+				/ FIELD_SIZEOF(struct unwind_frame_info, f), \
+				FIELD_SIZEOF(struct unwind_frame_info, f) \
+	}
+#define PTREGS_INFO(f) EXTRA_INFO(regs.f)
+
+static const struct {
+	unsigned offs:BITS_PER_LONG / 2;
+	unsigned width:BITS_PER_LONG / 2;
+} reg_info[] = {
+UNW_REGISTER_INFO};
+
+#undef PTREGS_INFO
+#undef EXTRA_INFO
+
+#ifndef REG_INVALID
+#define REG_INVALID(r) (reg_info[r].width == 0)
+#endif
+
+#define DW_CFA_nop                          0x00
+#define DW_CFA_set_loc                      0x01
+#define DW_CFA_advance_loc1                 0x02
+#define DW_CFA_advance_loc2                 0x03
+#define DW_CFA_advance_loc4                 0x04
+#define DW_CFA_offset_extended              0x05
+#define DW_CFA_restore_extended             0x06
+#define DW_CFA_undefined                    0x07
+#define DW_CFA_same_value                   0x08
+#define DW_CFA_register                     0x09
+#define DW_CFA_remember_state               0x0a
+#define DW_CFA_restore_state                0x0b
+#define DW_CFA_def_cfa                      0x0c
+#define DW_CFA_def_cfa_register             0x0d
+#define DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset               0x0e
+#define DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression           0x0f
+#define DW_CFA_expression                   0x10
+#define DW_CFA_offset_extended_sf           0x11
+#define DW_CFA_def_cfa_sf                   0x12
+#define DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset_sf            0x13
+#define DW_CFA_val_offset                   0x14
+#define DW_CFA_val_offset_sf                0x15
+#define DW_CFA_val_expression               0x16
+#define DW_CFA_lo_user                      0x1c
+#define DW_CFA_GNU_window_save              0x2d
+#define DW_CFA_GNU_args_size                0x2e
+#define DW_CFA_GNU_negative_offset_extended 0x2f
+#define DW_CFA_hi_user                      0x3f
+
+#define DW_EH_PE_FORM     0x07
+#define DW_EH_PE_native   0x00
+#define DW_EH_PE_leb128   0x01
+#define DW_EH_PE_data2    0x02
+#define DW_EH_PE_data4    0x03
+#define DW_EH_PE_data8    0x04
+#define DW_EH_PE_signed   0x08
+#define DW_EH_PE_ADJUST   0x70
+#define DW_EH_PE_abs      0x00
+#define DW_EH_PE_pcrel    0x10
+#define DW_EH_PE_textrel  0x20
+#define DW_EH_PE_datarel  0x30
+#define DW_EH_PE_funcrel  0x40
+#define DW_EH_PE_aligned  0x50
+#define DW_EH_PE_indirect 0x80
+#define DW_EH_PE_omit     0xff
+
+typedef unsigned long uleb128_t;
+typedef signed long sleb128_t;
+
+static struct unwind_table {
+	struct {
+		unsigned long pc;
+		unsigned long range;
+	} core, init;
+	const void *address;
+	unsigned long size;
+	const unsigned char *header;
+	unsigned long hdrsz;
+	struct unwind_table *link;
+	const char *name;
+} root_table;
+
+struct unwind_item {
+	enum item_location {
+		Nowhere,
+		Memory,
+		Register,
+		Value
+	} where;
+	uleb128_t value;
+};
+
+struct unwind_state {
+	uleb128_t loc, org;
+	const u8 *cieStart, *cieEnd;
+	uleb128_t codeAlign;
+	sleb128_t dataAlign;
+	struct cfa {
+		uleb128_t reg, offs;
+	} cfa;
+	struct unwind_item regs[ARRAY_SIZE(reg_info)];
+	unsigned stackDepth:8;
+	unsigned version:8;
+	const u8 *label;
+	const u8 *stack[MAX_STACK_DEPTH];
+};
+
+static const struct cfa badCFA = { ARRAY_SIZE(reg_info), 1 };
+
+static struct unwind_table *find_table(unsigned long pc)
+{
+	struct unwind_table *table;
+
+	for (table = &root_table; table; table = table->link)
+		if ((pc >= table->core.pc
+		     && pc < table->core.pc + table->core.range)
+		    || (pc >= table->init.pc
+			&& pc < table->init.pc + table->init.range))
+			break;
+
+	return table;
+}
+
+static unsigned long read_pointer(const u8 **pLoc,
+				  const void *end, signed ptrType);
+
+static void init_unwind_table(struct unwind_table *table, const char *name,
+			      const void *core_start, unsigned long core_size,
+			      const void *init_start, unsigned long init_size,
+			      const void *table_start, unsigned long table_size,
+			      const u8 *header_start, unsigned long header_size)
+{
+	const u8 *ptr = header_start + 4;
+	const u8 *end = header_start + header_size;
+
+	table->core.pc = (unsigned long)core_start;
+	table->core.range = core_size;
+	table->init.pc = (unsigned long)init_start;
+	table->init.range = init_size;
+	table->address = table_start;
+	table->size = table_size;
+
+	/* See if the linker provided table looks valid. */
+	if (header_size <= 4
+	    || header_start[0] != 1
+	    || (void *)read_pointer(&ptr, end, header_start[1]) != table_start
+	    || header_start[2] == DW_EH_PE_omit
+	    || read_pointer(&ptr, end, header_start[2]) <= 0
+	    || header_start[3] == DW_EH_PE_omit)
+		header_start = NULL;
+
+	table->hdrsz = header_size;
+	smp_wmb();
+	table->header = header_start;
+	table->link = NULL;
+	table->name = name;
+}
+
+void __init arc_unwind_init(void)
+{
+	init_unwind_table(&root_table, "kernel", _text, _end - _text, NULL, 0,
+			  __start_unwind, __end_unwind - __start_unwind,
+			  NULL, 0);
+	  /*__start_unwind_hdr, __end_unwind_hdr - __start_unwind_hdr);*/
+}
+
+static const u32 bad_cie, not_fde;
+static const u32 *cie_for_fde(const u32 *fde, const struct unwind_table *);
+static signed fde_pointer_type(const u32 *cie);
+
+struct eh_frame_hdr_table_entry {
+	unsigned long start, fde;
+};
+
+static int cmp_eh_frame_hdr_table_entries(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	const struct eh_frame_hdr_table_entry *e1 = p1;
+	const struct eh_frame_hdr_table_entry *e2 = p2;
+
+	return (e1->start > e2->start) - (e1->start < e2->start);
+}
+
+static void swap_eh_frame_hdr_table_entries(void *p1, void *p2, int size)
+{
+	struct eh_frame_hdr_table_entry *e1 = p1;
+	struct eh_frame_hdr_table_entry *e2 = p2;
+	unsigned long v;
+
+	v = e1->start;
+	e1->start = e2->start;
+	e2->start = v;
+	v = e1->fde;
+	e1->fde = e2->fde;
+	e2->fde = v;
+}
+
+static void __init setup_unwind_table(struct unwind_table *table,
+				      void *(*alloc) (unsigned long))
+{
+	const u8 *ptr;
+	unsigned long tableSize = table->size, hdrSize;
+	unsigned n;
+	const u32 *fde;
+	struct {
+		u8 version;
+		u8 eh_frame_ptr_enc;
+		u8 fde_count_enc;
+		u8 table_enc;
+		unsigned long eh_frame_ptr;
+		unsigned int fde_count;
+		struct eh_frame_hdr_table_entry table[];
+	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) *header;
+
+	if (table->header)
+		return;
+
+	if (table->hdrsz)
+		pr_warn(".eh_frame_hdr for '%s' present but unusable\n",
+			table->name);
+
+	if (tableSize & (sizeof(*fde) - 1))
+		return;
+
+	for (fde = table->address, n = 0;
+	     tableSize > sizeof(*fde) && tableSize - sizeof(*fde) >= *fde;
+	     tableSize -= sizeof(*fde) + *fde, fde += 1 + *fde / sizeof(*fde)) {
+		const u32 *cie = cie_for_fde(fde, table);
+		signed ptrType;
+
+		if (cie == &not_fde)
+			continue;
+		if (cie == NULL || cie == &bad_cie)
+			return;
+		ptrType = fde_pointer_type(cie);
+		if (ptrType < 0)
+			return;
+
+		ptr = (const u8 *)(fde + 2);
+		if (!read_pointer(&ptr, (const u8 *)(fde + 1) + *fde,
+								ptrType)) {
+			/* FIXME_Rajesh We have 4 instances of null addresses
+			 * instead of the initial loc addr
+			 * return;
+			 */
+		}
+		++n;
+	}
+
+	if (tableSize || !n)
+		return;
+
+	hdrSize = 4 + sizeof(unsigned long) + sizeof(unsigned int)
+	    + 2 * n * sizeof(unsigned long);
+	header = alloc(hdrSize);
+	if (!header)
+		return;
+	header->version = 1;
+	header->eh_frame_ptr_enc = DW_EH_PE_abs | DW_EH_PE_native;
+	header->fde_count_enc = DW_EH_PE_abs | DW_EH_PE_data4;
+	header->table_enc = DW_EH_PE_abs | DW_EH_PE_native;
+	put_unaligned((unsigned long)table->address, &header->eh_frame_ptr);
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(typeof(*header), fde_count)
+		     % __alignof(typeof(header->fde_count)));
+	header->fde_count = n;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(typeof(*header), table)
+		     % __alignof(typeof(*header->table)));
+	for (fde = table->address, tableSize = table->size, n = 0;
+	     tableSize;
+	     tableSize -= sizeof(*fde) + *fde, fde += 1 + *fde / sizeof(*fde)) {
+		/* const u32 *cie = fde + 1 - fde[1] / sizeof(*fde); */
+		const u32 *cie = (const u32 *)(fde[1]);
+
+		if (fde[1] == 0xffffffff)
+			continue;	/* this is a CIE */
+		ptr = (const u8 *)(fde + 2);
+		header->table[n].start = read_pointer(&ptr,
+						      (const u8 *)(fde + 1) +
+						      *fde,
+						      fde_pointer_type(cie));
+		header->table[n].fde = (unsigned long)fde;
+		++n;
+	}
+	WARN_ON(n != header->fde_count);
+
+	sort(header->table,
+	     n,
+	     sizeof(*header->table),
+	     cmp_eh_frame_hdr_table_entries, swap_eh_frame_hdr_table_entries);
+
+	table->hdrsz = hdrSize;
+	smp_wmb();
+	table->header = (const void *)header;
+}
+
+static void *__init balloc(unsigned long sz)
+{
+	return __alloc_bootmem_nopanic(sz,
+				       sizeof(unsigned int),
+				       __pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS));
+}
+
+void __init arc_unwind_setup(void)
+{
+	setup_unwind_table(&root_table, balloc);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+
+static struct unwind_table *last_table;
+
+/* Must be called with module_mutex held. */
+void *unwind_add_table(struct module *module, const void *table_start,
+		       unsigned long table_size)
+{
+	struct unwind_table *table;
+
+	if (table_size <= 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	table = kmalloc(sizeof(*table), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!table)
+		return NULL;
+
+	init_unwind_table(table, module->name,
+			  module->module_core, module->core_size,
+			  module->module_init, module->init_size,
+			  table_start, table_size,
+			  NULL, 0);
+
+#ifdef UNWIND_DEBUG
+	unw_debug("Table added for [%s] %lx %lx\n",
+		module->name, table->core.pc, table->core.range);
+#endif
+	if (last_table)
+		last_table->link = table;
+	else
+		root_table.link = table;
+	last_table = table;
+
+	return table;
+}
+
+struct unlink_table_info {
+	struct unwind_table *table;
+	int init_only;
+};
+
+static int unlink_table(void *arg)
+{
+	struct unlink_table_info *info = arg;
+	struct unwind_table *table = info->table, *prev;
+
+	for (prev = &root_table; prev->link && prev->link != table;
+	     prev = prev->link)
+		;
+
+	if (prev->link) {
+		if (info->init_only) {
+			table->init.pc = 0;
+			table->init.range = 0;
+			info->table = NULL;
+		} else {
+			prev->link = table->link;
+			if (!prev->link)
+				last_table = prev;
+		}
+	} else
+		info->table = NULL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Must be called with module_mutex held. */
+void unwind_remove_table(void *handle, int init_only)
+{
+	struct unwind_table *table = handle;
+	struct unlink_table_info info;
+
+	if (!table || table == &root_table)
+		return;
+
+	if (init_only && table == last_table) {
+		table->init.pc = 0;
+		table->init.range = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	info.table = table;
+	info.init_only = init_only;
+
+	unlink_table(&info); /* XXX: SMP */
+	kfree(table);
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
+
+static uleb128_t get_uleb128(const u8 **pcur, const u8 *end)
+{
+	const u8 *cur = *pcur;
+	uleb128_t value;
+	unsigned shift;
+
+	for (shift = 0, value = 0; cur < end; shift += 7) {
+		if (shift + 7 > 8 * sizeof(value)
+		    && (*cur & 0x7fU) >= (1U << (8 * sizeof(value) - shift))) {
+			cur = end + 1;
+			break;
+		}
+		value |= (uleb128_t) (*cur & 0x7f) << shift;
+		if (!(*cur++ & 0x80))
+			break;
+	}
+	*pcur = cur;
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+static sleb128_t get_sleb128(const u8 **pcur, const u8 *end)
+{
+	const u8 *cur = *pcur;
+	sleb128_t value;
+	unsigned shift;
+
+	for (shift = 0, value = 0; cur < end; shift += 7) {
+		if (shift + 7 > 8 * sizeof(value)
+		    && (*cur & 0x7fU) >= (1U << (8 * sizeof(value) - shift))) {
+			cur = end + 1;
+			break;
+		}
+		value |= (sleb128_t) (*cur & 0x7f) << shift;
+		if (!(*cur & 0x80)) {
+			value |= -(*cur++ & 0x40) << shift;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	*pcur = cur;
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+static const u32 *cie_for_fde(const u32 *fde, const struct unwind_table *table)
+{
+	const u32 *cie;
+
+	if (!*fde || (*fde & (sizeof(*fde) - 1)))
+		return &bad_cie;
+
+	if (fde[1] == 0xffffffff)
+		return &not_fde;	/* this is a CIE */
+
+	if ((fde[1] & (sizeof(*fde) - 1)))
+/* || fde[1] > (unsigned long)(fde + 1) - (unsigned long)table->address) */
+		return NULL;	/* this is not a valid FDE */
+
+	/* cie = fde + 1 - fde[1] / sizeof(*fde); */
+	cie = (u32 *) fde[1];
+
+	if (*cie <= sizeof(*cie) + 4 || *cie >= fde[1] - sizeof(*fde)
+	    || (*cie & (sizeof(*cie) - 1))
+	    || (cie[1] != 0xffffffff))
+		return NULL;	/* this is not a (valid) CIE */
+	return cie;
+}
+
+static unsigned long read_pointer(const u8 **pLoc, const void *end,
+				  signed ptrType)
+{
+	unsigned long value = 0;
+	union {
+		const u8 *p8;
+		const u16 *p16u;
+		const s16 *p16s;
+		const u32 *p32u;
+		const s32 *p32s;
+		const unsigned long *pul;
+	} ptr;
+
+	if (ptrType < 0 || ptrType == DW_EH_PE_omit)
+		return 0;
+	ptr.p8 = *pLoc;
+	switch (ptrType & DW_EH_PE_FORM) {
+	case DW_EH_PE_data2:
+		if (end < (const void *)(ptr.p16u + 1))
+			return 0;
+		if (ptrType & DW_EH_PE_signed)
+			value = get_unaligned((u16 *) ptr.p16s++);
+		else
+			value = get_unaligned((u16 *) ptr.p16u++);
+		break;
+	case DW_EH_PE_data4:
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+		if (end < (const void *)(ptr.p32u + 1))
+			return 0;
+		if (ptrType & DW_EH_PE_signed)
+			value = get_unaligned(ptr.p32s++);
+		else
+			value = get_unaligned(ptr.p32u++);
+		break;
+	case DW_EH_PE_data8:
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(u64) != sizeof(value));
+#else
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(u32) != sizeof(value));
+#endif
+	case DW_EH_PE_native:
+		if (end < (const void *)(ptr.pul + 1))
+			return 0;
+		value = get_unaligned((unsigned long *)ptr.pul++);
+		break;
+	case DW_EH_PE_leb128:
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(uleb128_t) > sizeof(value));
+		value = ptrType & DW_EH_PE_signed ? get_sleb128(&ptr.p8, end)
+		    : get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+		if ((const void *)ptr.p8 > end)
+			return 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+	switch (ptrType & DW_EH_PE_ADJUST) {
+	case DW_EH_PE_abs:
+		break;
+	case DW_EH_PE_pcrel:
+		value += (unsigned long)*pLoc;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if ((ptrType & DW_EH_PE_indirect)
+	    && __get_user(value, (unsigned long __user *)value))
+		return 0;
+	*pLoc = ptr.p8;
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+static signed fde_pointer_type(const u32 *cie)
+{
+	const u8 *ptr = (const u8 *)(cie + 2);
+	unsigned version = *ptr;
+
+	if (version != 1)
+		return -1;	/* unsupported */
+
+	if (*++ptr) {
+		const char *aug;
+		const u8 *end = (const u8 *)(cie + 1) + *cie;
+		uleb128_t len;
+
+		/* check if augmentation size is first (and thus present) */
+		if (*ptr != 'z')
+			return -1;
+
+		/* check if augmentation string is nul-terminated */
+		aug = (const void *)ptr;
+		ptr = memchr(aug, 0, end - ptr);
+		if (ptr == NULL)
+			return -1;
+
+		++ptr;		/* skip terminator */
+		get_uleb128(&ptr, end);	/* skip code alignment */
+		get_sleb128(&ptr, end);	/* skip data alignment */
+		/* skip return address column */
+		version <= 1 ? (void) ++ptr : (void)get_uleb128(&ptr, end);
+		len = get_uleb128(&ptr, end);	/* augmentation length */
+
+		if (ptr + len < ptr || ptr + len > end)
+			return -1;
+
+		end = ptr + len;
+		while (*++aug) {
+			if (ptr >= end)
+				return -1;
+			switch (*aug) {
+			case 'L':
+				++ptr;
+				break;
+			case 'P':{
+					signed ptrType = *ptr++;
+
+					if (!read_pointer(&ptr, end, ptrType)
+					    || ptr > end)
+						return -1;
+				}
+				break;
+			case 'R':
+				return *ptr;
+			default:
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return DW_EH_PE_native | DW_EH_PE_abs;
+}
+
+static int advance_loc(unsigned long delta, struct unwind_state *state)
+{
+	state->loc += delta * state->codeAlign;
+
+	/* FIXME_Rajesh: Probably we are defining for the initial range as well;
+	   return delta > 0;
+	 */
+	unw_debug("delta %3lu => loc 0x%lx: ", delta, state->loc);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void set_rule(uleb128_t reg, enum item_location where, uleb128_t value,
+		     struct unwind_state *state)
+{
+	if (reg < ARRAY_SIZE(state->regs)) {
+		state->regs[reg].where = where;
+		state->regs[reg].value = value;
+
+#ifdef UNWIND_DEBUG
+		unw_debug("r%lu: ", reg);
+		switch (where) {
+		case Nowhere:
+			unw_debug("s ");
+			break;
+		case Memory:
+			unw_debug("c(%lu) ", value);
+			break;
+		case Register:
+			unw_debug("r(%lu) ", value);
+			break;
+		case Value:
+			unw_debug("v(%lu) ", value);
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+#endif
+	}
+}
+
+static int processCFI(const u8 *start, const u8 *end, unsigned long targetLoc,
+		      signed ptrType, struct unwind_state *state)
+{
+	union {
+		const u8 *p8;
+		const u16 *p16;
+		const u32 *p32;
+	} ptr;
+	int result = 1;
+	u8 opcode;
+
+	if (start != state->cieStart) {
+		state->loc = state->org;
+		result =
+		    processCFI(state->cieStart, state->cieEnd, 0, ptrType,
+			       state);
+		if (targetLoc == 0 && state->label == NULL)
+			return result;
+	}
+	for (ptr.p8 = start; result && ptr.p8 < end;) {
+		switch (*ptr.p8 >> 6) {
+			uleb128_t value;
+
+		case 0:
+			opcode = *ptr.p8++;
+
+			switch (opcode) {
+			case DW_CFA_nop:
+				unw_debug("cfa nop ");
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_set_loc:
+				state->loc = read_pointer(&ptr.p8, end,
+							  ptrType);
+				if (state->loc == 0)
+					result = 0;
+				unw_debug("cfa_set_loc: 0x%lx ", state->loc);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_advance_loc1:
+				unw_debug("\ncfa advance loc1:");
+				result = ptr.p8 < end
+				    && advance_loc(*ptr.p8++, state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_advance_loc2:
+				value = *ptr.p8++;
+				value += *ptr.p8++ << 8;
+				unw_debug("\ncfa advance loc2:");
+				result = ptr.p8 <= end + 2
+				    /* && advance_loc(*ptr.p16++, state); */
+				    && advance_loc(value, state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_advance_loc4:
+				unw_debug("\ncfa advance loc4:");
+				result = ptr.p8 <= end + 4
+				    && advance_loc(*ptr.p32++, state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_offset_extended:
+				value = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				unw_debug("cfa_offset_extended: ");
+				set_rule(value, Memory,
+					 get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end), state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_val_offset:
+				value = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				set_rule(value, Value,
+					 get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end), state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_offset_extended_sf:
+				value = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				set_rule(value, Memory,
+					 get_sleb128(&ptr.p8, end), state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_val_offset_sf:
+				value = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				set_rule(value, Value,
+					 get_sleb128(&ptr.p8, end), state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_restore_extended:
+				unw_debug("cfa_restore_extended: ");
+			case DW_CFA_undefined:
+				unw_debug("cfa_undefined: ");
+			case DW_CFA_same_value:
+				unw_debug("cfa_same_value: ");
+				set_rule(get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end), Nowhere, 0,
+					 state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_register:
+				unw_debug("cfa_register: ");
+				value = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				set_rule(value,
+					 Register,
+					 get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end), state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_remember_state:
+				unw_debug("cfa_remember_state: ");
+				if (ptr.p8 == state->label) {
+					state->label = NULL;
+					return 1;
+				}
+				if (state->stackDepth >= MAX_STACK_DEPTH)
+					return 0;
+				state->stack[state->stackDepth++] = ptr.p8;
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_restore_state:
+				unw_debug("cfa_restore_state: ");
+				if (state->stackDepth) {
+					const uleb128_t loc = state->loc;
+					const u8 *label = state->label;
+
+					state->label =
+					    state->stack[state->stackDepth - 1];
+					memcpy(&state->cfa, &badCFA,
+					       sizeof(state->cfa));
+					memset(state->regs, 0,
+					       sizeof(state->regs));
+					state->stackDepth = 0;
+					result =
+					    processCFI(start, end, 0, ptrType,
+						       state);
+					state->loc = loc;
+					state->label = label;
+				} else
+					return 0;
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_def_cfa:
+				state->cfa.reg = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				unw_debug("cfa_def_cfa: r%lu ", state->cfa.reg);
+				/*nobreak*/
+			case DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset:
+				state->cfa.offs = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				unw_debug("cfa_def_cfa_offset: 0x%lx ",
+					  state->cfa.offs);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_def_cfa_sf:
+				state->cfa.reg = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				/*nobreak */
+			case DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset_sf:
+				state->cfa.offs = get_sleb128(&ptr.p8, end)
+				    * state->dataAlign;
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_def_cfa_register:
+				unw_debug("cfa_def_cfa_regsiter: ");
+				state->cfa.reg = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				break;
+				/*todo case DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression: */
+				/*todo case DW_CFA_expression: */
+				/*todo case DW_CFA_val_expression: */
+			case DW_CFA_GNU_args_size:
+				get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_GNU_negative_offset_extended:
+				value = get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end);
+				set_rule(value,
+					 Memory,
+					 (uleb128_t) 0 - get_uleb128(&ptr.p8,
+								     end),
+					 state);
+				break;
+			case DW_CFA_GNU_window_save:
+			default:
+				unw_debug("UNKNOW OPCODE 0x%x\n", opcode);
+				result = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			unw_debug("\ncfa_adv_loc: ");
+			result = advance_loc(*ptr.p8++ & 0x3f, state);
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			unw_debug("cfa_offset: ");
+			value = *ptr.p8++ & 0x3f;
+			set_rule(value, Memory, get_uleb128(&ptr.p8, end),
+				 state);
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			unw_debug("cfa_restore: ");
+			set_rule(*ptr.p8++ & 0x3f, Nowhere, 0, state);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (ptr.p8 > end)
+			result = 0;
+		if (result && targetLoc != 0 && targetLoc < state->loc)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	return result && ptr.p8 == end && (targetLoc == 0 || (
+		/*todo While in theory this should apply, gcc in practice omits
+		  everything past the function prolog, and hence the location
+		  never reaches the end of the function.
+		targetLoc < state->loc && */  state->label == NULL));
+}
+
+/* Unwind to previous to frame.  Returns 0 if successful, negative
+ * number in case of an error. */
+int arc_unwind(struct unwind_frame_info *frame)
+{
+#define FRAME_REG(r, t) (((t *)frame)[reg_info[r].offs])
+	const u32 *fde = NULL, *cie = NULL;
+	const u8 *ptr = NULL, *end = NULL;
+	unsigned long pc = UNW_PC(frame) - frame->call_frame;
+	unsigned long startLoc = 0, endLoc = 0, cfa;
+	unsigned i;
+	signed ptrType = -1;
+	uleb128_t retAddrReg = 0;
+	const struct unwind_table *table;
+	struct unwind_state state;
+	unsigned long *fptr;
+	unsigned long addr;
+
+	unw_debug("\n\nUNWIND FRAME:\n");
+	unw_debug("PC: 0x%lx BLINK: 0x%lx, SP: 0x%lx, FP: 0x%x\n",
+		  UNW_PC(frame), UNW_BLINK(frame), UNW_SP(frame),
+		  UNW_FP(frame));
+
+	if (UNW_PC(frame) == 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+#ifdef UNWIND_DEBUG
+	{
+		unsigned long *sptr = (unsigned long *)UNW_SP(frame);
+		unw_debug("\nStack Dump:\n");
+		for (i = 0; i < 20; i++, sptr++)
+			unw_debug("0x%p:  0x%lx\n", sptr, *sptr);
+		unw_debug("\n");
+	}
+#endif
+
+	table = find_table(pc);
+	if (table != NULL
+	    && !(table->size & (sizeof(*fde) - 1))) {
+		const u8 *hdr = table->header;
+		unsigned long tableSize;
+
+		smp_rmb();
+		if (hdr && hdr[0] == 1) {
+			switch (hdr[3] & DW_EH_PE_FORM) {
+			case DW_EH_PE_native:
+				tableSize = sizeof(unsigned long);
+				break;
+			case DW_EH_PE_data2:
+				tableSize = 2;
+				break;
+			case DW_EH_PE_data4:
+				tableSize = 4;
+				break;
+			case DW_EH_PE_data8:
+				tableSize = 8;
+				break;
+			default:
+				tableSize = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			ptr = hdr + 4;
+			end = hdr + table->hdrsz;
+			if (tableSize && read_pointer(&ptr, end, hdr[1])
+			    == (unsigned long)table->address
+			    && (i = read_pointer(&ptr, end, hdr[2])) > 0
+			    && i == (end - ptr) / (2 * tableSize)
+			    && !((end - ptr) % (2 * tableSize))) {
+				do {
+					const u8 *cur =
+					    ptr + (i / 2) * (2 * tableSize);
+
+					startLoc = read_pointer(&cur,
+								cur + tableSize,
+								hdr[3]);
+					if (pc < startLoc)
+						i /= 2;
+					else {
+						ptr = cur - tableSize;
+						i = (i + 1) / 2;
+					}
+				} while (startLoc && i > 1);
+				if (i == 1
+				    && (startLoc = read_pointer(&ptr,
+								ptr + tableSize,
+								hdr[3])) != 0
+				    && pc >= startLoc)
+					fde = (void *)read_pointer(&ptr,
+								   ptr +
+								   tableSize,
+								   hdr[3]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (fde != NULL) {
+			cie = cie_for_fde(fde, table);
+			ptr = (const u8 *)(fde + 2);
+			if (cie != NULL
+			    && cie != &bad_cie
+			    && cie != &not_fde
+			    && (ptrType = fde_pointer_type(cie)) >= 0
+			    && read_pointer(&ptr,
+					    (const u8 *)(fde + 1) + *fde,
+					    ptrType) == startLoc) {
+				if (!(ptrType & DW_EH_PE_indirect))
+					ptrType &=
+					    DW_EH_PE_FORM | DW_EH_PE_signed;
+				endLoc =
+				    startLoc + read_pointer(&ptr,
+							    (const u8 *)(fde +
+									 1) +
+							    *fde, ptrType);
+				if (pc >= endLoc)
+					fde = NULL;
+			} else
+				fde = NULL;
+		}
+		if (fde == NULL) {
+			for (fde = table->address, tableSize = table->size;
+			     cie = NULL, tableSize > sizeof(*fde)
+			     && tableSize - sizeof(*fde) >= *fde;
+			     tableSize -= sizeof(*fde) + *fde,
+			     fde += 1 + *fde / sizeof(*fde)) {
+				cie = cie_for_fde(fde, table);
+				if (cie == &bad_cie) {
+					cie = NULL;
+					break;
+				}
+				if (cie == NULL
+				    || cie == &not_fde
+				    || (ptrType = fde_pointer_type(cie)) < 0)
+					continue;
+				ptr = (const u8 *)(fde + 2);
+				startLoc = read_pointer(&ptr,
+							(const u8 *)(fde + 1) +
+							*fde, ptrType);
+				if (!startLoc)
+					continue;
+				if (!(ptrType & DW_EH_PE_indirect))
+					ptrType &=
+					    DW_EH_PE_FORM | DW_EH_PE_signed;
+				endLoc =
+				    startLoc + read_pointer(&ptr,
+							    (const u8 *)(fde +
+									 1) +
+							    *fde, ptrType);
+				if (pc >= startLoc && pc < endLoc)
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (cie != NULL) {
+		memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+		state.cieEnd = ptr;	/* keep here temporarily */
+		ptr = (const u8 *)(cie + 2);
+		end = (const u8 *)(cie + 1) + *cie;
+		frame->call_frame = 1;
+		if ((state.version = *ptr) != 1)
+			cie = NULL;	/* unsupported version */
+		else if (*++ptr) {
+			/* check if augmentation size is first (thus present) */
+			if (*ptr == 'z') {
+				while (++ptr < end && *ptr) {
+					switch (*ptr) {
+					/* chk for ignorable or already handled
+					 * nul-terminated augmentation string */
+					case 'L':
+					case 'P':
+					case 'R':
+						continue;
+					case 'S':
+						frame->call_frame = 0;
+						continue;
+					default:
+						break;
+					}
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			if (ptr >= end || *ptr)
+				cie = NULL;
+		}
+		++ptr;
+	}
+	if (cie != NULL) {
+		/* get code aligment factor */
+		state.codeAlign = get_uleb128(&ptr, end);
+		/* get data aligment factor */
+		state.dataAlign = get_sleb128(&ptr, end);
+		if (state.codeAlign == 0 || state.dataAlign == 0 || ptr >= end)
+			cie = NULL;
+		else {
+			retAddrReg =
+			    state.version <= 1 ? *ptr++ : get_uleb128(&ptr,
+								      end);
+			unw_debug("CIE Frame Info:\n");
+			unw_debug("return Address register 0x%lx\n",
+				  retAddrReg);
+			unw_debug("data Align: %ld\n", state.dataAlign);
+			unw_debug("code Align: %lu\n", state.codeAlign);
+			/* skip augmentation */
+			if (((const char *)(cie + 2))[1] == 'z') {
+				uleb128_t augSize = get_uleb128(&ptr, end);
+
+				ptr += augSize;
+			}
+			if (ptr > end || retAddrReg >= ARRAY_SIZE(reg_info)
+			    || REG_INVALID(retAddrReg)
+			    || reg_info[retAddrReg].width !=
+			    sizeof(unsigned long))
+				cie = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	if (cie != NULL) {
+		state.cieStart = ptr;
+		ptr = state.cieEnd;
+		state.cieEnd = end;
+		end = (const u8 *)(fde + 1) + *fde;
+		/* skip augmentation */
+		if (((const char *)(cie + 2))[1] == 'z') {
+			uleb128_t augSize = get_uleb128(&ptr, end);
+
+			if ((ptr += augSize) > end)
+				fde = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	if (cie == NULL || fde == NULL) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
+		unsigned long top, bottom;
+
+		top = STACK_TOP_UNW(frame->task);
+		bottom = STACK_BOTTOM_UNW(frame->task);
+#if FRAME_RETADDR_OFFSET < 0
+		if (UNW_SP(frame) < top && UNW_FP(frame) <= UNW_SP(frame)
+		    && bottom < UNW_FP(frame)
+#else
+		if (UNW_SP(frame) > top && UNW_FP(frame) >= UNW_SP(frame)
+		    && bottom > UNW_FP(frame)
+#endif
+		    && !((UNW_SP(frame) | UNW_FP(frame))
+			 & (sizeof(unsigned long) - 1))) {
+			unsigned long link;
+
+			if (!__get_user(link, (unsigned long *)
+					(UNW_FP(frame) + FRAME_LINK_OFFSET))
+#if FRAME_RETADDR_OFFSET < 0
+			    && link > bottom && link < UNW_FP(frame)
+#else
+			    && link > UNW_FP(frame) && link < bottom
+#endif
+			    && !(link & (sizeof(link) - 1))
+			    && !__get_user(UNW_PC(frame),
+					   (unsigned long *)(UNW_FP(frame)
+						+ FRAME_RETADDR_OFFSET)))
+			{
+				UNW_SP(frame) =
+				    UNW_FP(frame) + FRAME_RETADDR_OFFSET
+#if FRAME_RETADDR_OFFSET < 0
+				    -
+#else
+				    +
+#endif
+				    sizeof(UNW_PC(frame));
+				UNW_FP(frame) = link;
+				return 0;
+			}
+		}
+#endif
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+	state.org = startLoc;
+	memcpy(&state.cfa, &badCFA, sizeof(state.cfa));
+
+	unw_debug("\nProcess instructions\n");
+
+	/* process instructions
+	 * For ARC, we optimize by having blink(retAddrReg) with
+	 * the sameValue in the leaf function, so we should not check
+	 * state.regs[retAddrReg].where == Nowhere
+	 */
+	if (!processCFI(ptr, end, pc, ptrType, &state)
+	    || state.loc > endLoc
+/*	   || state.regs[retAddrReg].where == Nowhere */
+	    || state.cfa.reg >= ARRAY_SIZE(reg_info)
+	    || reg_info[state.cfa.reg].width != sizeof(unsigned long)
+	    || state.cfa.offs % sizeof(unsigned long))
+		return -EIO;
+
+#ifdef UNWIND_DEBUG
+	unw_debug("\n");
+
+	unw_debug("\nRegister State Based on the rules parsed from FDE:\n");
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(state.regs); ++i) {
+
+		if (REG_INVALID(i))
+			continue;
+
+		switch (state.regs[i].where) {
+		case Nowhere:
+			break;
+		case Memory:
+			unw_debug(" r%d: c(%lu),", i, state.regs[i].value);
+			break;
+		case Register:
+			unw_debug(" r%d: r(%lu),", i, state.regs[i].value);
+			break;
+		case Value:
+			unw_debug(" r%d: v(%lu),", i, state.regs[i].value);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	unw_debug("\n");
+#endif
+
+	/* update frame */
+#ifndef CONFIG_AS_CFI_SIGNAL_FRAME
+	if (frame->call_frame
+	    && !UNW_DEFAULT_RA(state.regs[retAddrReg], state.dataAlign))
+		frame->call_frame = 0;
+#endif
+	cfa = FRAME_REG(state.cfa.reg, unsigned long) + state.cfa.offs;
+	startLoc = min_t(unsigned long, UNW_SP(frame), cfa);
+	endLoc = max_t(unsigned long, UNW_SP(frame), cfa);
+	if (STACK_LIMIT(startLoc) != STACK_LIMIT(endLoc)) {
+		startLoc = min(STACK_LIMIT(cfa), cfa);
+		endLoc = max(STACK_LIMIT(cfa), cfa);
+	}
+
+	unw_debug("\nCFA reg: 0x%lx, offset: 0x%lx =>  0x%lx\n",
+		  state.cfa.reg, state.cfa.offs, cfa);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(state.regs); ++i) {
+		if (REG_INVALID(i)) {
+			if (state.regs[i].where == Nowhere)
+				continue;
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		switch (state.regs[i].where) {
+		default:
+			break;
+		case Register:
+			if (state.regs[i].value >= ARRAY_SIZE(reg_info)
+			    || REG_INVALID(state.regs[i].value)
+			    || reg_info[i].width >
+			    reg_info[state.regs[i].value].width)
+				return -EIO;
+			switch (reg_info[state.regs[i].value].width) {
+			case sizeof(u8):
+				state.regs[i].value =
+				FRAME_REG(state.regs[i].value, const u8);
+				break;
+			case sizeof(u16):
+				state.regs[i].value =
+				FRAME_REG(state.regs[i].value, const u16);
+				break;
+			case sizeof(u32):
+				state.regs[i].value =
+				FRAME_REG(state.regs[i].value, const u32);
+				break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+			case sizeof(u64):
+				state.regs[i].value =
+				FRAME_REG(state.regs[i].value, const u64);
+				break;
+#endif
+			default:
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	unw_debug("\nRegister state after evaluation with realtime Stack:\n");
+	fptr = (unsigned long *)(&frame->regs);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(state.regs); ++i, fptr++) {
+
+		if (REG_INVALID(i))
+			continue;
+		switch (state.regs[i].where) {
+		case Nowhere:
+			if (reg_info[i].width != sizeof(UNW_SP(frame))
+			    || &FRAME_REG(i, __typeof__(UNW_SP(frame)))
+			    != &UNW_SP(frame))
+				continue;
+			UNW_SP(frame) = cfa;
+			break;
+		case Register:
+			switch (reg_info[i].width) {
+			case sizeof(u8):
+				FRAME_REG(i, u8) = state.regs[i].value;
+				break;
+			case sizeof(u16):
+				FRAME_REG(i, u16) = state.regs[i].value;
+				break;
+			case sizeof(u32):
+				FRAME_REG(i, u32) = state.regs[i].value;
+				break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+			case sizeof(u64):
+				FRAME_REG(i, u64) = state.regs[i].value;
+				break;
+#endif
+			default:
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			break;
+		case Value:
+			if (reg_info[i].width != sizeof(unsigned long))
+				return -EIO;
+			FRAME_REG(i, unsigned long) = cfa + state.regs[i].value
+			    * state.dataAlign;
+			break;
+		case Memory:
+			addr = cfa + state.regs[i].value * state.dataAlign;
+
+			if ((state.regs[i].value * state.dataAlign)
+			    % sizeof(unsigned long)
+			    || addr < startLoc
+			    || addr + sizeof(unsigned long) < addr
+			    || addr + sizeof(unsigned long) > endLoc)
+					return -EIO;
+
+			switch (reg_info[i].width) {
+			case sizeof(u8):
+				__get_user(FRAME_REG(i, u8),
+					   (u8 __user *)addr);
+				break;
+			case sizeof(u16):
+				__get_user(FRAME_REG(i, u16),
+					   (u16 __user *)addr);
+				break;
+			case sizeof(u32):
+				__get_user(FRAME_REG(i, u32),
+					   (u32 __user *)addr);
+				break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+			case sizeof(u64):
+				__get_user(FRAME_REG(i, u64),
+					   (u64 __user *)addr);
+				break;
+#endif
+			default:
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+
+			break;
+		}
+		unw_debug("r%d: 0x%lx ", i, *fptr);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+#undef FRAME_REG
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(arc_unwind);

arch/arc/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S

@@ -100,17 +100,38 @@ SECTIONS
 
 	BSS_SECTION(0, 0, 0)
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND
+	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+	.debug_frame  : {
+		__start_unwind = .;
+		*(.debug_frame)
+		__end_unwind = .;
+	}
+#else
+	/DISCARD/ : {	*(.debug_frame) }
+#endif
+
 	NOTES
 
 	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
 	_end = . ;
 
 	STABS_DEBUG
-	DWARF_DEBUG
 	DISCARDS
 
 	.arcextmap 0 : {
 		*(.gnu.linkonce.arcextmap.*)
 		*(.arcextmap.*)
 	}
+
+	/* open-coded because we need .debug_frame seperately for unwinding */
+	.debug_aranges 0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
+	.debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
+	.debug_info 0 : { *(.debug_info) }
+	.debug_abbrev 0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
+	.debug_line 0 : { *(.debug_line) }
+	.debug_str 0 : { *(.debug_str) }
+	.debug_loc 0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
+	.debug_macinfo 0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
+
 }