feat(mge/imperative): basic impl of python c extension for opdef

fix(imperative): fix refcount management on cpython opdef

refactor(mge/imperative): fix compilation for python3.6

GitOrigin-RevId: 332a516895fbba528fca4c1b31de8e674bbca47d

imperative/python/megengine/core/autodiff/builtin_op_utils.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def _(op: OpDef, inputs, outputs, input_requires_grad):
         isinstance(op, Elemwise) and op.mode == Elemwise.Mode.ADD
     ):
         grad_fn = elemwise_add_grad_fn
-    elif isinstance(op, Reduce) and op.mode.name == "SUM":
+    elif isinstance(op, Reduce) and op.mode == Reduce.Mode.SUM:
         grad_fn = reduce_sum_grad_fn
     else:
         grad_fn = default_grad_fn

imperative/python/megengine/core/tensor/megbrain_graph.py

@@ -447,8 +447,8 @@ def _(op: OpDef, *args: VarNode):
 def _(op: BackwardGraph, *args: VarNode):
     assert args
     graph = args[0].graph
-    return op.interpret(
-        lambda op, args: apply(op, *args), graph._make_const_for_backward, args
+    return BackwardGraph.interpret(
+        op, lambda op, args: apply(op, *args), graph._make_const_for_backward, args
     )
 
 

imperative/python/src/helper.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 #include "megbrain/graph.h"
 #include "megbrain/utils/persistent_cache.h"
+#include "megbrain/imperative/op_def.h"
 
 #include <Python.h>
 #include <string>
@@ -376,6 +377,32 @@ namespace detail {
         }
     };
 
+    template<> struct type_caster<mgb::imperative::OpDef> {
+    protected:
+        std::shared_ptr<mgb::imperative::OpDef> value;
+    public:
+        static constexpr auto name = _("OpDef");
+
+        operator mgb::imperative::OpDef&() { return *value; }
+        operator const mgb::imperative::OpDef&() { return *value; }
+        operator std::shared_ptr<mgb::imperative::OpDef>&() { return value; }
+        operator std::shared_ptr<mgb::imperative::OpDef>&&() && { return std::move(value); }
+
+        template <typename T> using cast_op_type = T;
+
+        bool load(handle src, bool convert);
+
+        static handle cast(const mgb::imperative::OpDef& op, return_value_policy /* policy */, handle /* parent */);
+
+        static handle cast(std::shared_ptr<mgb::imperative::OpDef> op, return_value_policy policy, handle parent) {
+            return cast(*op, policy, parent);
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <> struct type_caster<std::shared_ptr<mgb::imperative::OpDef>> :
+            public type_caster<mgb::imperative::OpDef> {
+        template <typename T> using cast_op_type = pybind11::detail::movable_cast_op_type<T>;
+    };
 } // detail
 } // PYBIND11_NAMESPACE
 

imperative/python/src/imperative_rt.cpp

@@ -106,13 +106,4 @@ void init_imperative_rt(py::module m) {
          });
 
     m.def("make_backward_graph", &make_backward_graph);
-
-    py::class_<OpDef, std::shared_ptr<OpDef>>(m, "OpDef")
-        .def("ctype", [](const OpDef& opdef) {
-                return opdef.dyn_typeinfo()->name;
-            })
-        .def("__eq__", [](const OpDef& lhs, const OpDef& rhs) {
-                return lhs.is_same(rhs);
-            })
-        .def("__hash__", &OpDef::hash);
 }

imperative/python/src/module.cpp

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(MODULE_NAME, m) {
         from .utils import *
         from .imperative import *
         from .graph import *
+        from .ops import OpDef
         )",
         py::getattr(m, "__dict__"));
 

imperative/python/src/ops.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@
 #include "megbrain/imperative/ops/opr_attr.h"
 #include "megbrain/imperative/ops/autogen.h"
 
+#include <Python.h>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
 namespace py = pybind11;
+using namespace mgb::imperative;
 
 namespace {
 auto normalize_enum(const std::string& in) {
@@ -28,11 +32,203 @@ auto normalize_enum(const std::string& in) {
 }
 } // anonymous namespace
 
-void init_ops(py::module m) {
-    using namespace mgb::imperative;
+namespace {
+#define PyOp(name) Py##name
+#define PyOpType(name) PyOp(name)::py_type
+
+#define PyOpDefBegin(name) \
+struct PyOp(name) : PyOpDef { \
+    using Ty = name; \
+    Ty& inst() { return op->cast_final_safe<Ty>(); } \
+    static PyTypeObject py_type;
+
+#define PyOpDefEnd(name) \
+}; \
+PyTypeObject PyOpType(name);
+
+#define RETURN_RICHCOMPARE(val1, val2, op)                               \
+    do {                                                                    \
+        switch (op) {                                                       \
+        case Py_EQ: if ((val1) == (val2)) Py_RETURN_TRUE; Py_RETURN_FALSE;  \
+        case Py_NE: if ((val1) != (val2)) Py_RETURN_TRUE; Py_RETURN_FALSE;  \
+        case Py_LT: if ((val1) < (val2)) Py_RETURN_TRUE; Py_RETURN_FALSE;   \
+        case Py_GT: if ((val1) > (val2)) Py_RETURN_TRUE; Py_RETURN_FALSE;   \
+        case Py_LE: if ((val1) <= (val2)) Py_RETURN_TRUE; Py_RETURN_FALSE;  \
+        case Py_GE: if ((val1) >= (val2)) Py_RETURN_TRUE; Py_RETURN_FALSE;  \
+        default:                                                            \
+            Py_FatalError("Unreachable C code path reached");               \
+        }                                                                   \
+    } while (0)
+
+template<typename T, typename SFINAE=void>
+struct pyobj_convert_generic {
+    static T from(PyObject* obj) {
+        // TODO: remove this guard which is used for pybind11 implicit conversion
+        py::detail::loader_life_support guard{};
+        return py::cast<T>(py::handle(obj));
+    }
+    template<typename U,
+        typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<T, std::decay_t<U>>>>
+    static PyObject* to(U&& t) {
+        return py::cast(std::forward<U>(t)).release().ptr();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+PyObject* py_new_generic(PyTypeObject* type, PyObject*, PyObject*) {
+    PyObject* obj = type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
+    T* self = reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj);
+    if (self != NULL) {
+        self->op = T::Ty::make();
+    }
+    return obj;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+void py_dealloc_generic(PyObject* obj) {
+    reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj)->op.reset();
+    Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_free(obj);
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename U, U T::Ty::*attr>
+PyObject* py_get_generic_impl(PyObject* obj, void* /* closure */) {
+    auto& op = reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj)->inst();
+    return pyobj_convert_generic<U>::to(op.*attr);
+}
+#define py_get_generic(name, attr) \
+    py_get_generic_impl<PyOp(name), decltype(std::declval<name>().attr), &name::attr>
+
+template<typename T, typename U, U T::Ty::*attr>
+int py_set_generic_impl(PyObject* obj, PyObject* value, void* /* closure */) {
+    if (value == NULL) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Cannot delete the attribute");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    auto& op = reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj)->inst();
+    try {
+        op.*attr = pyobj_convert_generic<U>::from(value);
+        return 0;
+    } catch(py::error_already_set& e) {
+        e.restore();
+    } catch(py::builtin_exception& e) {
+        e.set_error();
+    } catch(...) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Unknown Error");
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+#define py_set_generic(name, attr) \
+    py_set_generic_impl<PyOp(name), decltype(std::declval<name>().attr), &name::attr>
+
+struct PyOpDef {
+    PyObject_HEAD
+    std::shared_ptr<OpDef> op;
+    static PyTypeObject py_type;
+    static std::unordered_map<mgb::Typeinfo*, PyTypeObject*> ctype2pytype;
+    static Py_hash_t tp_hash(PyObject *obj);
+    static PyObject* tp_richcompare(PyObject *self, PyObject *other, int op);
+};
+PyTypeObject PyOpType(OpDef);
+std::unordered_map<mgb::Typeinfo*, PyTypeObject*> PyOp(OpDef)::ctype2pytype;
+
+Py_hash_t PyOp(OpDef)::tp_hash(PyObject *obj) {
+    return static_cast<Py_hash_t>(
+        reinterpret_cast<PyOp(OpDef)*>(obj)->op->hash());
+}
+
+PyObject* PyOp(OpDef)::tp_richcompare(PyObject *self, PyObject *other, int op) {
+    bool same = reinterpret_cast<PyOp(OpDef)*>(self)->op->is_same(
+        *reinterpret_cast<PyOp(OpDef)*>(other)->op);
+    if (op == Py_EQ || op == Py_NE) {
+        RETURN_RICHCOMPARE(same, true, op);
+    }
+    Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+struct EnumWrapper {
+    static_assert(std::is_enum_v<T>);
+    PyObject_HEAD
+    T value;
+    static const char* name;
+    static PyTypeObject type;
+    static std::unordered_map<T, std::string> type2str;
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, T> str2type;
+    EnumWrapper() = default;
+    EnumWrapper(T v): value(v) {}
+    EnumWrapper(std::string&& str): EnumWrapper(str2type.at(normalize_enum(str))) {}
+    std::string to_string() const {
+        return type2str.at(value);
+    }
+    static PyObject* py_repr(PyObject* self) {
+        return pyobj_convert_generic<std::string>::to(
+            std::string(name) + "." + reinterpret_cast<EnumWrapper*>(self)->to_string());
+    }
+    static PyObject* tp_richcompare(PyObject *self, PyObject *other, int op) {
+        T lhs = reinterpret_cast<EnumWrapper*>(self)->value,
+          rhs = reinterpret_cast<EnumWrapper*>(other)->value;
+        if (op == Py_EQ || op == Py_NE) {
+            RETURN_RICHCOMPARE(lhs, rhs, op);
+        }
+        Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct pyobj_convert_generic<T,
+        std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<std::decay_t<T>>>> {
+    using Wrapper = EnumWrapper<T>;
+    static T from(PyObject* obj) {
+        if (PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &Wrapper::type)) {
+            return reinterpret_cast<Wrapper*>(obj)->value;
+        }
+        // try as string
+        // TODO: type checkcd
+        return Wrapper(pyobj_convert_generic<std::string>::from(obj)).value;
+    }
+    static PyObject* to(T t) {
+        PyTypeObject* pytype = &Wrapper::type;
+        PyObject* obj = pytype->tp_alloc(pytype, 0);
+        reinterpret_cast<Wrapper*>(obj)->value = t;
+        return obj;
+    }
+};
+
+void _init_py_op_def(py::module m) {
+    auto& py_type = PyOpType(OpDef);
+    py_type = {PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)};
+    py_type.tp_name = "megengine.core._imperative_rt.OpDef";
+    py_type.tp_basicsize = sizeof(PyOp(OpDef));
+    py_type.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE;
+    py_type.tp_doc = "OpDef";
+    py_type.tp_base = &PyBaseObject_Type;
+    py_type.tp_hash = PyOp(OpDef)::tp_hash;
+    py_type.tp_richcompare = PyOp(OpDef)::tp_richcompare;
+    mgb_assert(PyType_Ready(&py_type) >= 0);
+    m.add_object("OpDef", reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(&py_type));
+}
+
+/*********** begin of hand-write opdefs **************/
 
-    py::class_<BackwardGraph, std::shared_ptr<BackwardGraph>, OpDef>(m, "BackwardGraph")
-        .def("interpret", [](BackwardGraph& self, py::object pyf, py::object pyc,
+PyOpDefBegin(BackwardGraph) // {{
+// };
+PyOpDefEnd(BackwardGraph)
+
+void _init_py_backward_graph(py::module m) {
+    using py_op = PyOp(BackwardGraph);
+    auto& py_type = PyOpType(BackwardGraph);
+    py_type = {PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)};
+    py_type.tp_name = "megengine.core._imperative_rt.ops.BackwardGraph";
+    py_type.tp_basicsize = sizeof(PyOp(BackwardGraph));
+    py_type.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE;
+    py_type.tp_doc = "BackwardGraph";
+    py_type.tp_base = &PyOpType(OpDef);
+    py_type.tp_dealloc = py_dealloc_generic<py_op>;
+    py_type.tp_new = py_new_generic<py_op>;
+    mgb_assert(PyType_Ready(&py_type) >= 0);
+    // FIXME: rewrite interpret function in cpython instead wrap directly by pybind11::cppfunction
+    auto interpret = py::cpp_function(
+        [](OpDef& self, py::object pyf, py::object pyc,
                 const mgb::SmallVector<py::object>& inputs) {
             auto f = [pyf](OpDef& op, const mgb::SmallVector<py::object>& inputs) {
                 return py::cast<mgb::SmallVector<py::object>>(pyf(op.shared_from_this(), inputs));
@@ -40,8 +236,52 @@ void init_ops(py::module m) {
             auto c = [pyc](const TensorPtr& tensor) {
                 return pyc(tensor->dev_tensor());
             };
-                return self.graph().interpret<py::object>(f, c, inputs);
+            return self.cast_final_safe<BackwardGraph>().graph().interpret<py::object>(f, c, inputs);
         });
+    mgb_assert(PyDict_SetItemString(
+        py_type.tp_dict, "interpret", interpret.release().ptr()) >= 0);
+    PyType_Modified(&py_type);
+    m.add_object("BackwardGraph", reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(&py_type));
+    mgb_assert(PyOp(OpDef)::ctype2pytype.emplace(BackwardGraph::typeinfo(), &py_type).second);
+}
+
+/*********** end of hand-write opdefs **************/
+
+// auto generated opdefs
+#include "opdef.cpy.inl"
+
+} // anonymous namespace
 
-    #include "opdef.py.inl"
+namespace PYBIND11_NAMESPACE {
+namespace detail {
+bool type_caster<OpDef>::load(handle src, bool convert) {
+    PyObject* obj = src.ptr();
+    if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyOpType(OpDef))) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    value = reinterpret_cast<PyOp(OpDef)*>(obj)->op;
+    return true;
+}
+handle type_caster<OpDef>::cast(const OpDef& op, return_value_policy, handle) {
+    PyTypeObject* pytype;
+    auto& c2p = PyOp(OpDef)::ctype2pytype;
+    auto&& iter = c2p.find(op.dyn_typeinfo());
+    if (iter != c2p.end()) { // FIXME: should always meet this condition
+        pytype = iter->second;
+    } else { // which means unregistered op type, jsut make it as an opaque op type
+        // currently, only OprAttr goes into this branch
+        pytype = &PyOpType(OpDef);
+    }
+    PyObject* obj = pytype->tp_alloc(pytype, 0);
+    mgb_assert(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyOpType(OpDef)));
+    reinterpret_cast<PyOp(OpDef)*>(obj)->op = const_cast<OpDef&>(op).shared_from_this();
+    return py::handle(obj);
+}
+} // detail
+} // PYBIND11_NAMESPACE
+
+void init_ops(py::module m) {
+    _init_py_op_def(m);
+    _init_py_backward_graph(m);
+    INIT_ALL_OP(m)
 }

imperative/src/impl/ops/cond_take.cpp

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ cg::OperatorNodeBase* apply_on_var_node(
 SmallVector<TensorPtr> apply_on_physical_tensor(
         const OpDef& def,
         const SmallVector<TensorPtr>& inputs) {
-    auto opr = def.cast_final_safe<CondTake>();
+    auto&& opr = def.cast_final_safe<CondTake>();
     mgb_assert(opr.same_type<CondTake>());
     mgb_assert(inputs.size() == 2, "CondTake take 2 inputs, got %lu",
                inputs.size());

imperative/src/impl/ops/tensor_manip.cpp

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ cg::OperatorNodeBase* param_pack_split_apply_on_var_node(
 SmallVector<TensorPtr> param_pack_split_apply_on_physical_tensor(
         const OpDef& def,
         const SmallVector<TensorPtr>& inputs) {
-    auto param = def.cast_final_safe<ParamPackSplit>();
+    auto&& param = def.cast_final_safe<ParamPackSplit>();
     mgb_assert(inputs.size() == 1, "ParamPackSplit take 1 input, got %lu", inputs.size());
     auto&& inp = inputs[0];
     auto&& shp = inp->layout();

imperative/src/include/megbrain/imperative/op_def.h

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ struct BackwardGraphResult {
 };
 
 class OpDef : public Hashable,
+              public NonCopyableObj,
               public std::enable_shared_from_this<OpDef> {
     mutable const OpTrait* m_trait = nullptr;
 public:
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ template<typename T>
 class OpDefImplBase : public OpDef {
 public:
     template<typename ...Args>
-    static std::shared_ptr<OpDef> make(Args&& ...args) {
+    static std::shared_ptr<T> make(Args&& ...args) {
         return std::make_shared<T>(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 };

imperative/tablegen/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ set(LLVM_TARGET_DEFINITIONS ${MGE_IR_DIR}/ops.td)
 tablegen(MGB opdef.h.inl ${MGE_IR_INCLUDE_DIRS} "--gen-cpp-header")
 tablegen(MGB opdef.cpp.inl ${MGE_IR_INCLUDE_DIRS} "--gen-cpp-body")
 tablegen(MGB opdef.py.inl ${MGE_IR_INCLUDE_DIRS} "--gen-python-binding")
-add_custom_target(mgb_opdef ALL DEPENDS opdef.h.inl opdef.cpp.inl opdef.py.inl param_defs_tblgen)
+tablegen(MGB opdef.cpy.inl ${MGE_IR_INCLUDE_DIRS} "--gen-python-c-extension")
+add_custom_target(mgb_opdef ALL DEPENDS opdef.h.inl opdef.cpp.inl opdef.py.inl opdef.cpy.inl param_defs_tblgen)
 set(MGB_OPDEF_OUT_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} PARENT_SCOPE)

imperative/tablegen/autogen.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ enum ActionType {
     None,
     CppHeader,
     CppBody,
-    Pybind
+    Pybind,
+    CPython
 };
 
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE
@@ -22,7 +23,9 @@ llvm::cl::opt<ActionType> action(
                      clEnumValN(CppBody, "gen-cpp-body",
                                 "Generate operator cpp body"),
                      clEnumValN(Pybind, "gen-python-binding",
-                                "Generate pybind11 python bindings")));
+                                "Generate pybind11 python bindings"),
+                     clEnumValN(CPython, "gen-python-c-extension",
+                                "Generate python c extensions")));
 
 using MgbAttrWrapper = mlir::tblgen::MgbAttrWrapperBase;
 using MgbEnumAttr = mlir::tblgen::MgbEnumAttrMixin;
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ static void gen_op_def_c_body_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op) {
             formatMethImpl("hash")
         );
         os << formatv(
-            "    auto op_ = def_.cast_final_safe<{0}>();\n"
+            "    auto&& op_ = def_.cast_final_safe<{0}>();\n"
             "    static_cast<void>(op_);\n",
             className
         );
@@ -210,8 +213,8 @@ static void gen_op_def_c_body_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op) {
             formatMethImpl("is_same_st")
         );
         os << formatv(
-            "    auto a_ = lhs_.cast_final_safe<{0}>(),\n"
-            "         b_ = rhs_.cast_final_safe<{0}>();\n"
+            "    auto &&a_ = lhs_.cast_final_safe<{0}>(),\n"
+            "         &&b_ = rhs_.cast_final_safe<{0}>();\n"
             "    static_cast<void>(a_);\n"
             "    static_cast<void>(b_);\n",
             className
@@ -237,15 +240,15 @@ static void gen_op_def_c_body_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op) {
     }
 }
 
-struct PybindContext {
-    std::unordered_map<unsigned int, std::string> enumAlias;
+struct EnumContext {
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned int, std::pair<llvm::StringRef, llvm::StringRef>> enumAlias;
 };
 
-static void gen_op_def_pybind11_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op, PybindContext& ctx) {
-    auto class_name = op.getCppClassName();
+static void gen_op_def_pybind11_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op, EnumContext& ctx) {
+    auto className = op.getCppClassName();
     os << formatv(
         "py::class_<{0}, std::shared_ptr<{0}>, OpDef> {0}Inst(m, \"{0}\");\n\n",
-        class_name
+        className
     );
     for (auto&& i : op.getMgbAttributes()) {
         if (auto attr = llvm::dyn_cast<MgbEnumAttr>(&i.attr)) {
@@ -263,17 +266,17 @@ static void gen_op_def_pybind11_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op, PybindContext
             if (iter == enumAlias.end()) {
                 os << formatv(
                     "py::enum_<{0}::{1}>({0}Inst, \"{1}\")",
-                    class_name, attr->getEnumName()
+                    className, attr->getEnumName()
                 );
                 std::vector<std::string> body;
                 for (auto&& i: attr->getEnumMembers()) {
                     os << formatv(
                         "\n    .value(\"{2}\", {0}::{1}::{2})",
-                        class_name, attr->getEnumName(), i
+                        className, attr->getEnumName(), i
                     );
                     body.push_back(formatv(
                         "if (str == \"{2}\") return {0}::{1}::{2};",
-                        class_name, attr->getEnumName(), i
+                        className, attr->getEnumName(), i
                     ));
                 }
                 os << formatv(
@@ -286,21 +289,21 @@ static void gen_op_def_pybind11_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op, PybindContext
                 );
                 os << formatv(
                     "py::implicitly_convertible<std::string, {0}::{1}>();\n\n",
-                    class_name, attr->getEnumName()
+                    className, attr->getEnumName()
                 );
-                enumAlias.emplace(enumID, formatv(
-                    "{0}Inst.attr(\"{1}\")", class_name, attr->getEnumName()
-                ));
+                enumAlias.emplace(enumID,
+                    std::make_pair(className, attr->getEnumName()));
             } else {
                 os << formatv(
-                    "{0}Inst.attr(\"{1}\") = {2};\n\n",
-                    class_name, attr->getEnumName(), iter->second
+                    "{0}Inst.attr(\"{1}\") = {2}Inst.attr(\"{3}\");\n\n",
+                    className, attr->getEnumName(),
+                    iter->second.first, iter->second.second
                 );
             }
         }
     }
     // generate op class binding
-    os << formatv("{0}Inst", class_name);
+    os << formatv("{0}Inst", className);
     bool hasDefaultCtor = op.getMgbAttributes().empty();
     if (!hasDefaultCtor) {
         os << "\n    .def(py::init<";
@@ -327,12 +330,184 @@ static void gen_op_def_pybind11_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op, PybindContext
     for (auto &&i : op.getMgbAttributes()) {
         os << formatv(
             "\n    .def_readwrite(\"{0}\", &{1}::{0})",
-            i.name, class_name
+            i.name, className
         );
     }
     os << ";\n\n";
 }
 
+static void gen_op_def_python_c_extension_single(raw_ostream &os, MgbOp& op, EnumContext& ctx) {
+    auto className = op.getCppClassName();
+    std::string body;
+
+    // generate PyType for enum class member
+    for (auto&& i : op.getMgbAttributes()) {
+        if (auto attr = llvm::dyn_cast<MgbEnumAttr>(&i.attr)) {
+            unsigned int enumID;
+            if (auto alias = llvm::dyn_cast<MgbAliasAttr>(attr)) {
+                auto&& aliasBase = alias->getAliasBase();
+                enumID =
+                    llvm::cast<MgbEnumAttr>(aliasBase)
+                            .getBaseRecord()->getID();
+            } else {
+                enumID = attr->getBaseRecord()->getID();
+            }
+            auto&& enumAlias = ctx.enumAlias;
+            auto&& iter = enumAlias.find(enumID);
+            auto enumName = attr->getEnumName();
+            body += "{\n";
+            body += formatv(
+                "auto& e_type = EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::type;", className, enumName
+            );
+            if (iter == enumAlias.end()) {
+                os << formatv(
+                    "template<> PyTypeObject EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::type={{};\n",
+                    className, enumName);
+                os << formatv(
+                    "template<> const char* EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::name = \"{0}.{1}\";\n",
+                    className, enumName);
+                std::vector<std::string> pairStr;
+                for (auto&& i: attr->getEnumMembers()) {
+                    pairStr.push_back(formatv(
+                        "{{normalize_enum(\"{2}\"), {0}::{1}::{2}}",
+                        className, enumName, i));
+                }
+                os << formatv(R"(
+template<> std::unordered_map<std::string, {0}::{1}>
+EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::str2type = {{
+    {2}
+};
+)", className, enumName, llvm::join(pairStr, ", "));
+                pairStr.clear();
+                for (auto&& i: attr->getEnumMembers()) {
+                    pairStr.push_back(formatv(
+                        "{{{0}::{1}::{2}, normalize_enum(\"{2}\")}",
+                        className, enumName, i));
+                }
+                os << formatv(R"(
+template<> std::unordered_map<{0}::{1}, std::string>
+EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::type2str = {{
+    {2}
+};
+)", className, enumName, llvm::join(pairStr, ", "));
+                body += formatv(R"(
+    e_type = {{PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)};
+    e_type.tp_name = "megengine.core._imperative_rt.ops.{0}.{1}";
+    e_type.tp_basicsize = sizeof(EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>);
+    e_type.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE;
+    e_type.tp_doc = "{0}.{1}";
+    e_type.tp_base = &PyBaseObject_Type;
+    e_type.tp_repr = EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::py_repr;
+    e_type.tp_richcompare = EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>::tp_richcompare;
+    mgb_assert(PyType_Ready(&e_type) >= 0);
+)", className, enumName);
+                for (auto&& i: attr->getEnumMembers()) {
+                    body += formatv(R"({{
+    PyObject* inst = e_type.tp_alloc(&e_type, 0);
+    reinterpret_cast<EnumWrapper<{0}::{1}>*>(inst)->value = {0}::{1}::{2};
+    mgb_assert(PyDict_SetItemString(e_type.tp_dict, "{2}", inst) >= 0);
+})", className, enumName, i);
+                }
+                enumAlias.emplace(enumID, std::make_pair(className, enumName));
+            }
+            body += formatv(R"(
+    PyType_Modified(&e_type);
+    mgb_assert(PyDict_SetItemString(
+        py_type.tp_dict, "{0}", reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(&e_type)) >= 0);
+)", enumName);
+            body += "}\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    // generate getsetters
+    std::vector<std::string> getsetters;
+    for (auto &&i : op.getMgbAttributes()) {
+        getsetters.push_back(formatv(
+            "{{\"{1}\", py_get_generic({0}, {1}), py_set_generic({0}, {1}), \"{1}\", NULL},",
+            className, i.name));
+    }
+
+    // generate tp_init
+    std::string initBody;
+    if (!op.getMgbAttributes().empty()) {
+        initBody += "static const char* kwlist[] = {";
+        llvm::for_each(op.getMgbAttributes(), [&](auto&& attr) {
+            initBody += formatv("\"{0}\", ", attr.name);
+        });
+        initBody += "NULL};\n";
+        initBody += "    PyObject ";
+        std::vector<std::string> attrs;
+        llvm::for_each(op.getMgbAttributes(), [&](auto&& attr) {
+            attrs.push_back(formatv("*{0} = NULL", attr.name));
+        });
+        initBody += llvm::join(attrs, ", ") + ";\n";
+        initBody += "    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, \"|";
+        initBody += std::string(op.getMgbAttributes().size(), 'O');
+        initBody += "\", const_cast<char**>(kwlist)";
+        llvm::for_each(op.getMgbAttributes(), [&](auto&& attr) {
+            initBody += formatv(" ,&{0}", attr.name);
+        });
+        initBody += "))\n";
+        initBody += "    return -1;\n";
+        llvm::for_each(op.getMgbAttributes(), [&](auto&& attr) {
+            initBody += formatv(R"(
+    if ({1}) {{
+        try {{
+            reinterpret_cast<PyOp({0})*>(self)->inst().{1} =
+                pyobj_convert_generic<decltype({0}::{1})>::from({1});
+        } catch(py::error_already_set& e) {{
+            e.restore();
+            return -1;
+        } catch(py::builtin_exception& e) {{
+            e.set_error();
+            return -1;
+        } catch(...) {{
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Unknown Error");
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+)", className, attr.name);
+        });
+    }
+    initBody += "\n    return 0;";
+
+    os << formatv(R"(
+PyOpDefBegin({0}) // {{
+    static PyGetSetDef py_getsetters[];
+    static int py_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
+// };
+PyOpDefEnd({0})
+PyGetSetDef PyOp({0})::py_getsetters[] = {{
+    {1}
+    {{NULL}  /* Sentinel */
+};
+int PyOp({0})::py_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds) {{
+    {2}
+}
+
+void _init_py_{0}(py::module m) {{
+    using py_op = PyOp({0});
+    auto& py_type = PyOpType({0});
+    py_type = {{PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)};
+    py_type.tp_name = "megengine.core._imperative_rt.ops.{0}";
+    py_type.tp_basicsize = sizeof(PyOp({0}));
+    py_type.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE;
+    py_type.tp_doc = "{0}";
+    py_type.tp_base = &PyOpType(OpDef);
+    py_type.tp_dealloc = py_dealloc_generic<py_op>;
+    py_type.tp_new = py_new_generic<py_op>;
+    py_type.tp_init = py_op::py_init;
+    py_type.tp_getset = py_op::py_getsetters;
+    mgb_assert(PyType_Ready(&py_type) >= 0);
+    {3}
+    PyType_Modified(&py_type);
+    m.add_object("{0}", reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(&py_type));
+    mgb_assert(PyOp(OpDef)::ctype2pytype.emplace({0}::typeinfo(), &py_type).second);
+}
+)",
+    op.getCppClassName(), llvm::join(getsetters, "\n    "), initBody, body);
+}
+
 static void for_each_operator(raw_ostream &os, RecordKeeper &keeper,
         std::function<void(raw_ostream&, MgbOp&)> callback) {
     auto op_base_class = keeper.getClass("Op");
@@ -360,13 +535,26 @@ static bool gen_op_def_c_body(raw_ostream &os, RecordKeeper &keeper) {
 }
 
 static bool gen_op_def_pybind11(raw_ostream &os, RecordKeeper &keeper) {
-    PybindContext ctx;
+    EnumContext ctx;
     using namespace std::placeholders;
     for_each_operator(os, keeper,
         std::bind(gen_op_def_pybind11_single, _1, _2, std::ref(ctx)));
     return false;
 }
 
+static bool gen_op_def_python_c_extension(raw_ostream &os, RecordKeeper &keeper) {
+    EnumContext ctx;
+    using namespace std::placeholders;
+    for_each_operator(os, keeper,
+        std::bind(gen_op_def_python_c_extension_single, _1, _2, std::ref(ctx)));
+    os << "#define INIT_ALL_OP(m)";
+    for_each_operator(os, keeper, [&](raw_ostream& os, MgbOp& op) {
+        os << formatv(" \\\n    _init_py_{0}(m);", op.getCppClassName());
+    });
+    os << "\n";
+    return false;
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     llvm::InitLLVM y(argc, argv);
     llvm::cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv);
@@ -379,5 +567,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     if (action == ActionType::Pybind) {
         return TableGenMain(argv[0], &gen_op_def_pybind11);
     }
+    if (action == ActionType::CPython) {
+        return TableGenMain(argv[0], &gen_op_def_python_c_extension);
+    }
     return -1;
 }