# Spring Credhub Spring Credhub 提供了客户端支持,用于从运行在[Cloud Foundry](https://www.cloudfoundry.org/)平台中的[CredHub](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/credhub/)服务器中存储、检索和删除凭据。 Credhub 提供[HTTP API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/)来安全地存储、生成、检索和删除各种类型的凭据。 Spring Credhub 为 Credhub API 提供了一个 Java 绑定,使得将 Spring 应用程序与 Credhub 集成起来变得很容易。 ## 1.开始 Spring CredHub 支持 CredHub Server1.x 和 2.x 版本。该库旨在提供对 Credhub API 的完整覆盖--对所有凭据类型的所有操作。 Spring Credhub 已经进行了优化,以便与 Spring 引导应用程序一起工作。要在 Spring 引导应用程序中包含 Spring CredHub,请向项目构建文件中添加一些依赖项。 ### 1.1. Maven Dependencies 将 Spring credhub 启动器添加到构建文件的`dependencies`部分: ``` org.springframework.credhub spring-credhub-starter 2.2.0 ``` 要在 Spring Credhub 中启用反应性支持,请将以下[Spring WebFlux](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.3.13/reference/html/web-reactive.html#spring-webflux)依赖项添加到构建文件中: ``` org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-webflux 5.3.13 ``` 要对 Credhub 使用 OAuth2 身份验证,请将以下[Spring Security](https://spring.io/projects/spring-security)依赖项添加到构建文件中: ``` org.springframework.security spring-security-config 5.5.3 org.springframework.security spring-security-oauth2-client 5.5.3 ``` ### 1.2. Gradle Dependencies 将 Spring credhub 启动器添加到构建文件的`dependencies`部分: ``` dependencies { compile('org.springframework.credhub:spring-credhub-starter:2.2.0') } ``` 要在 Spring Credhub 中启用反应性支持,请在构建文件中添加以下[Spring WebFlux](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.3.13/reference/html/web-reactive.html#spring-webflux)依赖项: ``` dependencies { compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-webflux:5.3.13") } ``` 要对 Credhub 使用 OAuth2 身份验证,请将以下[Spring Security](https://spring.io/projects/spring-security)依赖项添加到构建文件中: ``` dependencies { compile("org.springframework.security:spring-security-config:5.5.3") compile("org.springframework.security:spring-security-oauth2-client:5.5.3") } ``` ## 2. Spring Boot Configuration 当使用 Spring Credhub Starter 依赖项时, Spring Credhub 可以配置为[Spring Boot application properties](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/boot-features-external-config.html#boot-features-external-config-application-property-files)。有了适当的配置属性, Spring Credhub 将自动配置到 Credhub 服务器的连接。 ### 2.1.双向 TLS 认证 在 Cloud Foundry 上运行的应用程序可以使用共同的 TLS 对部署在同一平台上的 CredHub 服务器进行身份验证。当不提供其他身份验证凭据时,Mutual TLS 是默认的身份验证方案。要对 Credhub 服务器使用共同的 TLS 身份验证,只需提供 Credhub 服务器的 URL 作为应用程序属性: ``` spring: credhub: url: [CredHub server URL] ``` 有关双向 TLS 身份验证的更多信息,请参见[CredHub 文档](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_mutual_tls)。 在 Cloud Foundry 上运行的应用程序可以使用内部地址`[https://credhub.service.cf.internal:8844](https://credhub.service.cf.internal:8844)`与部署到同一平台的 CredHub 服务器通信。 ### 2.2.OAuth2 身份验证 OAuth2 可用于通过对任何 Credhub 服务器的 UAA 进行身份验证。 Spring Credhub 支持使用以下 Spring Credhub 和 Spring 安全配置进行身份验证的客户端凭据授予令牌: ``` spring: credhub: url: [CredHub server URL] oauth2: registration-id: credhub-client security: oauth2: client: registration: credhub-client: provider: uaa client-id: [OAuth2 client ID] client-secret: [OAuth2 client secret] authorization-grant-type: client_credentials provider: uaa: token-uri: [UAA token server endpoint] ``` 在`spring.credhub.oauth2.registration-id`中提供的 ID 必须引用在`spring.security.oauth2.client.registration`下配置的客户端。有关 Spring Boot OAuth2 客户端配置的更多信息,请参见[Spring Boot documentation](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-security-oauth2)。 Spring 安全客户端注册中指定的 OAuth2 客户端必须具有像`credhub.read`或`credhub.write`这样的 Credhub 作用域,才能执行大多数操作。有关使用 UAA 进行 OAuth2 身份验证的更多信息,请参见[CredHub 文档](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_uaa_oauth2)。 #### 2.2.1. Auto-configuration of Spring Security OAuth2 当`spring.credhub.oauth2`属性被设置并且 Spring 安全性在应用程序 Classpath 上时, Spring Credhub 将自动配置 OAuth2 身份验证所需的 Spring 安全性 bean。 Spring 应用程序可以提供所需的安全性 OAuth2bean,以便在必要时覆盖自动配置。 ##### Servlet and Non-reactive Applications Spring Credhub 需要以下类型的 bean,由 Spring Security 提供,以便使用 OAuth2 进行身份验证。 | Required Bean Type |自动配置类型| |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |[`ClientRegistrationRepository`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/registration/ClientRegistrationRepository.html)|[`InMemoryClientRegistrationRepository`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oAuth2/client/registration/inmemoryclientregistrationrepository.html)| |[`OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/web/OAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository.html) |[`AuthenticatedPrincipalOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oAuth2/client/web/authenticatedprincipalouth2authorizedclientrepository.html)| | [`OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager.html) |[`DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oAuth2/client/web\defaultoth2authorizedclientmanager.html)| 自动配置的`DefaultOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`假设应用程序在 Servlet 容器中运行,并且具有活动的`HttpServletRequest`。应用程序可能需要提供`OAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` Bean 的替代实现,例如[`AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/outh2/client/authorizedclientserviceouth2authorizedclientmanager.html),以处理以外的请求,如以下示例所示: ``` /* * Copyright 2016-2020 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.credhub; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.ClientCredentialsOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.OAuth2AuthorizedClientService; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.registration.ClientRegistrationRepository; @Configuration public class CredHubSecurityConfiguration { @Bean public AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager reactiveClientManager( ClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository, OAuth2AuthorizedClientService authorizedClientService) { AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager clientManager = new AuthorizedClientServiceOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager( clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientService); clientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(new ClientCredentialsOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider()); return clientManager; } } ``` 有关更多信息和配置其他 bean 的示例,请参见[Spring Security documentation](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/reference/html5/#oauth2login-override-boot-autoconfig)。 ##### [](#reactive-applications)[反应性应用](#reactive-applications) Spring Credhub 需要以下类型的 bean,由 Spring Security 提供,以便使用 OAuth2 进行身份验证。 | Required Bean Type |自动配置类型| |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | [`ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/registration/ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository.html) |[`InMemoryReactiveClientRegistrationRepository`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oAuth2/client/registration/inmemoryreactiveClientRegistrationRepository.html)| |[`ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/web/server/ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository.html)|[`UnAuthenticatedServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oAuth2/client/web/server/unauthenticatedserveroauth2authorizedclientrepository.html)| | [`ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager.html) |[`DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oAuth2/client/web/defaultreactiveoAuth2authorizedclientmanager.html)| 自动配置的`DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`需要活动的`ServerHttpRequest`上下文。应用程序可能需要提供`ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager` Bean 的替代实现,例如[`AuthorizedClientServiceReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager`](https://DOCS. Spring.io/ Spring-security/site/DOCS/5.5.3/api/org/springframework/security/oauth2/client/authorizedclientservicerereactiveoauth2authorizedclientmanager.html),以处理以外的请求,如以下示例所示: ``` /* * Copyright 2016-2020 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.credhub; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.AuthorizedClientServiceReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.ClientCredentialsReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientService; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.registration.ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository; @Configuration public class CredHubReactiveSecurityConfiguration { @Bean public AuthorizedClientServiceReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager reactiveClientManager( ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository, ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientService authorizedClientService) { AuthorizedClientServiceReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager clientManager = new AuthorizedClientServiceReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager( clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientService); clientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(new ClientCredentialsReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider()); return clientManager; } } ``` 有关配置其他 bean 的更多信息和示例,请参见[Spring Security documentation](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.5.3/reference/html5/#oauth2login-override-boot-autoconfig)。 ## 3.CredHubOperations 简介 接口`org.springframework.credhub.core.CredHubOperations`和实现`org.springframework.credhub.core.CredHubTemplate`是 Spring Credhub 中的中心类。`CredHubOperations`提供了对模拟完整 Credhub API 的附加操作接口的访问: ``` /** * Get the operations for saving, retrieving, and deleting credentials. */ CredHubCredentialOperations credentials(); /** * Get the operations for adding, retrieving, and deleting credential permissions. */ CredHubPermissionOperations permissions(); /** * Get the operations for adding, retrieving, and deleting credential permissions. */ CredHubPermissionV2Operations permissionsV2(); /** * Get the operations for retrieving, regenerating, and updating certificates. */ CredHubCertificateOperations certificates(); /** * Get the operations for interpolating service binding credentials. */ CredHubInterpolationOperations interpolation(); /** * Get the operations for retrieving CredHub server information. */ CredHubInfoOperations info(); ``` ### 3.1.映射到 credhub API `Operations`接口的每个方法都直接映射到 credhub HTTP API 的一个端点。下表显示了 credhub API 和相应的 Spring credhub`Operations`接口之间的映射。 | [CredHub Credentials API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_credentials_endpoint) |[CredHubCredentialOperations](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/credential/CredHubCredentialOperations.html)| |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |[CredHub Permissions API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_permissions_v1_deprecated) (v1)|[安全操作](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/permission/CredHubPermissionOperations.html)| | [CredHub Permissions API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_permissions_v2_endpoint) (v2) |[CredHubperMissionv2 操作](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/permissionV2/CredHubPermissionV2Operations.html)| | [CredHub Certificates API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_certificates_endpoint) |[CredHubCertificateOperations](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/certificate/CredHubCertificateOperations.html)| | [CredHub Interpolation API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_interpolation_endpoint) |[CredHubInterpolationOperations](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/interpolation/CredHubInterpolationOperations.html)| | [CredHub Information API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_info_endpoint) |[CredhubinfoOperations](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/info/CredHubInfoOperations.html)| ### 3.2.CredHubOperations 自动配置 当应用程序属性被正确配置时,使用 Spring 引导自动配置来创建`CredHubOperations` Spring Bean。 Bean 应用程序类可以自动连接此实例,以与 Credhub 服务器进行交互。 ``` /* * Copyright 2016-2020 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.credhub; import org.springframework.credhub.core.CredHubOperations; import org.springframework.credhub.support.CredentialDetails; import org.springframework.credhub.support.SimpleCredentialName; import org.springframework.credhub.support.password.PasswordCredential; import org.springframework.credhub.support.password.PasswordParameters; import org.springframework.credhub.support.password.PasswordParametersRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class CredHubService { private final CredHubOperations credHubOperations; private final SimpleCredentialName credentialName; public CredHubService(CredHubOperations credHubOperations) { this.credHubOperations = credHubOperations; this.credentialName = new SimpleCredentialName("example", "password"); } public String generatePassword() { PasswordParameters parameters = PasswordParameters.builder().length(12).excludeLower(false).excludeUpper(false) .excludeNumber(false).includeSpecial(true).build(); CredentialDetails password = this.credHubOperations.credentials() .generate(PasswordParametersRequest.builder().name(this.credentialName).parameters(parameters).build()); return password.getValue().getPassword(); } public String getPassword() { CredentialDetails password = this.credHubOperations.credentials() .getByName(this.credentialName, PasswordCredential.class); return password.getValue().getPassword(); } } ``` ## 4.重新激活的硬件操作介绍 接口`org.springframework.credhub.core.ReactiveCredHubOperations`和实现`org.springframework.credhub.core.ReactiveCredHubTemplate`是 Spring Credhub Reactive Support 中的中心类。`ReactiveCredHubOperations`提供了对其他操作接口的访问,这些操作接口为完整的 Credhub API 建模: ``` /** * Get the operations for saving, retrieving, and deleting credentials. */ ReactiveCredHubCredentialOperations credentials(); /** * Get the operations for adding, retrieving, and deleting credential permissions. */ ReactiveCredHubPermissionOperations permissions(); /** * Get the operations for adding, retrieving, and deleting credential permissions. */ ReactiveCredHubPermissionV2Operations permissionsV2(); /** * Get the operations for retrieving, regenerating, and updating certificates. */ ReactiveCredHubCertificateOperations certificates(); /** * Get the operations for interpolating service binding credentials. */ ReactiveCredHubInterpolationOperations interpolation(); /** * Get the operations for retrieving CredHub server information. */ ReactiveCredHubInfoOperations info(); ``` ### 4.1.映射到 credhub API `Reactive…​Operations`接口的每个方法都直接映射到 credhub HTTP API 的一个端点。下表显示了 credhub API 与相应的 Spring credhub`Reactive…​Operations`接口之间的映射。 | [CredHub Credentials API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_credentials_endpoint) |[重新激活了牙科手术](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/credential/ReactiveCredHubCredentialOperations.html)| |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |[CredHub Permissions API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_permissions_v1_deprecated) (v1)|[重新激活了运行操作](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/permission/ReactiveCredHubPermissionOperations.html)| | [CredHub Permissions API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_permissions_v2_endpoint) (v2) |[重新激活了 HubperMissionV2 操作](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/permissionV2/ReactiveCredHubPermissionV2Operations.html)| | [CredHub Certificates API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_certificates_endpoint) |[重新激活已有证书的操作](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/certificate/ReactiveCredHubCertificateOperations.html)| | [CredHub Interpolation API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_interpolation_endpoint) |[重新激活和插值操作](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/interpolation/ReactiveCredHubInterpolationOperations.html)| | [CredHub Information API](https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/api/credhub/version/main/#_info_endpoint) |[重新激活 HubinfoOperations](https://docs.spring.io/spring-credhub/docs/2.2.0/api/index.html?org/springframework/credhub/core/info/ReactiveCredHubInfoOperations.html)| ### 4.2.重新激活和操作自动配置 当应用程序属性被正确配置并且 Spring WebFlux 库在 Classpath 上时,使用 Spring 引导自动配置来创建`ReactiveCredHubOperations` Spring Bean。 Bean 应用程序类可以自动连接此实例以与 Credhub 服务器交互。 ``` /* * Copyright 2016-2020 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.credhub; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; import org.springframework.credhub.core.ReactiveCredHubOperations; import org.springframework.credhub.support.SimpleCredentialName; import org.springframework.credhub.support.password.PasswordCredential; import org.springframework.credhub.support.password.PasswordParameters; import org.springframework.credhub.support.password.PasswordParametersRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class ReactiveCredHubService { private final ReactiveCredHubOperations credHubOperations; private final SimpleCredentialName credentialName; public ReactiveCredHubService(ReactiveCredHubOperations credHubOperations) { this.credHubOperations = credHubOperations; this.credentialName = new SimpleCredentialName("example", "password"); } public Mono generatePassword() { PasswordParameters parameters = PasswordParameters.builder().length(12).excludeLower(false).excludeUpper(false) .excludeNumber(false).includeSpecial(true).build(); return this.credHubOperations.credentials() .generate(PasswordParametersRequest.builder().name(this.credentialName).parameters(parameters).build(), PasswordCredential.class) .map((password) -> password.getValue().getPassword()); } public Mono getPassword() { return this.credHubOperations.credentials().getByName(this.credentialName, PasswordCredential.class) .map((password) -> password.getValue().getPassword()); } } ``` ## 5.HTTP 客户端支持 Spring Credhub`CredHubOperations`支持多个 HTTP 客户库与 Credhub API 通信。支持以下库: * Java 的内置`HttpURLConnection`(默认) * [Apache HttpComponents](https://hc.apache.org/) * [OkHttp 3](https://square.github.io/okhttp/) * [Netty](https://netty.io/) Classpath 选择特定的客户端库需要在应用程序上可用的适当的依赖关系。 Classpath 将按照上面列出的顺序检查每个客户库的应用程序。 Spring Credhub`ReactiveCredHubOperations`只支持 Netty HTTP 客户端库。 ### 5.1. Apache HttpComponents 要使用 Apache HttpComponents 与 CredHub 通信,请向应用程序添加以下依赖项: ``` org.apache.httpcomponents httpclient ``` | |Apache 可以通过日志配置启用 HttpClient 的[电汇测井](https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.5.x/logging.html)。确保不会意外地启用有线日志,因为日志可能会以纯文本形式暴露应用程序和 Credhub 之间的流量(包括令牌和秘密)。| |---|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| ### 5.2.OKHTTP3 要使用 OKHTTP3 与 Credhub 通信,请向应用程序添加以下依赖项: ``` com.squareup.okhttp3 okhttp ``` ### 5.3. Netty 要使用 Netty 与 Credhub 通信,请向应用程序添加以下依赖项: ``` io.netty netty-all ```