diff --git a/app/uploaders/records_uploads.rb b/app/uploaders/records_uploads.rb
index 0efca895a50562ad87a0377999ab4be6b4724957..9a243e0793654986fa83196556f45d8dd4eb6134 100644
--- a/app/uploaders/records_uploads.rb
+++ b/app/uploaders/records_uploads.rb
@@ -23,13 +23,23 @@ module RecordsUploads
       return unless model
       return unless file && file.exists?
 
-      Upload.transaction do
-        uploads.where(path: upload_path).delete_all
-        upload.delete if upload
-
-        self.upload = build_upload.tap(&:save!)
+      # MySQL InnoDB may encounter a deadlock if a deletion and an
+      # insert is in the same transaction due to its next-key locking
+      # algorithm, so we need to skip the transaction.
+      # https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/55161#note_131556351
+      if Gitlab::Database.mysql?
+        readd_upload
+      else
+        Upload.transaction { readd_upload }
       end
     end
+
+    def readd_upload
+      uploads.where(path: upload_path).delete_all
+      upload.delete if upload
+
+      self.upload = build_upload.tap(&:save!)
+    end
     # rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
 
     def upload_path