diff --git a/src/librustc/dep_graph/dep_node.rs b/src/librustc/dep_graph/dep_node.rs
index aa678ba788a5bb9e8d3220d13a4f039638c99beb..5f6a7c452c4c457db7e9bff5bd2cdb59a20176e8 100644
--- a/src/librustc/dep_graph/dep_node.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/dep_graph/dep_node.rs
@@ -436,6 +436,9 @@ pub fn fingerprint_needed_for_crate_hash(self) -> bool {
 }
 
 define_dep_nodes!( <'tcx>
+    // We use this for most things when incr. comp. is turned off.
+    [] Null,
+
     // Represents the `Krate` as a whole (the `hir::Krate` value) (as
     // distinct from the krate module). This is basically a hash of
     // the entire krate, so if you read from `Krate` (e.g., by calling
@@ -605,8 +608,8 @@ pub fn fingerprint_needed_for_crate_hash(self) -> bool {
     [input] MissingExternCrateItem(CrateNum),
     [input] UsedCrateSource(CrateNum),
     [input] PostorderCnums,
-    [input] HasCloneClosures(CrateNum),
-    [input] HasCopyClosures(CrateNum),
+    [] HasCloneClosures(CrateNum),
+    [] HasCopyClosures(CrateNum),
 
     // This query is not expected to have inputs -- as a result, it's
     // not a good candidate for "replay" because it's essentially a
@@ -630,8 +633,6 @@ pub fn fingerprint_needed_for_crate_hash(self) -> bool {
     [] CompileCodegenUnit(InternedString),
     [input] OutputFilenames,
     [anon] NormalizeTy,
-    // We use this for most things when incr. comp. is turned off.
-    [] Null,
 
     [] SubstituteNormalizeAndTestPredicates { key: (DefId, &'tcx Substs<'tcx>) },
 
@@ -642,6 +643,7 @@ pub fn fingerprint_needed_for_crate_hash(self) -> bool {
 
     [] GetSymbolExportLevel(DefId),
 
+    [input] Features,
 );
 
 trait DepNodeParams<'a, 'gcx: 'tcx + 'a, 'tcx: 'a> : fmt::Debug {
diff --git a/src/librustc/hir/lowering.rs b/src/librustc/hir/lowering.rs
index fa745bf165577cc3de2d14e6f1b7e8877c61ced6..877027a21a22189a1721f20e8ecb1a31e457eace 100644
--- a/src/librustc/hir/lowering.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/hir/lowering.rs
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ fn collect_in_band_defs<T, F>(
     {
         assert!(!self.is_collecting_in_band_lifetimes);
         assert!(self.lifetimes_to_define.is_empty());
-        self.is_collecting_in_band_lifetimes = self.sess.features.borrow().in_band_lifetimes;
+        self.is_collecting_in_band_lifetimes = self.sess.features_untracked().in_band_lifetimes;
 
         assert!(self.in_band_ty_params.is_empty());
 
@@ -964,7 +964,7 @@ fn lower_ty(&mut self, t: &Ty, itctx: ImplTraitContext) -> P<hir::Ty> {
                 let span = t.span;
                 match itctx {
                     ImplTraitContext::Existential => {
-                        let has_feature = self.sess.features.borrow().conservative_impl_trait;
+                        let has_feature = self.sess.features_untracked().conservative_impl_trait;
                         if !t.span.allows_unstable() && !has_feature {
                             emit_feature_err(&self.sess.parse_sess, "conservative_impl_trait",
                                              t.span, GateIssue::Language,
@@ -988,7 +988,7 @@ fn lower_ty(&mut self, t: &Ty, itctx: ImplTraitContext) -> P<hir::Ty> {
                         }, lifetimes)
                     },
                     ImplTraitContext::Universal(def_id) => {
-                        let has_feature = self.sess.features.borrow().universal_impl_trait;
+                        let has_feature = self.sess.features_untracked().universal_impl_trait;
                         if !t.span.allows_unstable() && !has_feature {
                             emit_feature_err(&self.sess.parse_sess, "universal_impl_trait",
                                              t.span, GateIssue::Language,
@@ -3713,7 +3713,7 @@ fn elided_lifetime(&mut self, span: Span) -> hir::Lifetime {
     }
 
     fn maybe_lint_bare_trait(&self, span: Span, id: NodeId, is_global: bool) {
-        if self.sess.features.borrow().dyn_trait {
+        if self.sess.features_untracked().dyn_trait {
             self.sess.buffer_lint_with_diagnostic(
                 builtin::BARE_TRAIT_OBJECT, id, span,
                 "trait objects without an explicit `dyn` are deprecated",
diff --git a/src/librustc/ich/impls_syntax.rs b/src/librustc/ich/impls_syntax.rs
index c31a5c9d86d7763c19d554c1f2d7b4fd7aaf4a71..f935cbfcde992d394f95f844e86d8f2f2a4b74e3 100644
--- a/src/librustc/ich/impls_syntax.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/ich/impls_syntax.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 use std::mem;
 
 use syntax::ast;
+use syntax::feature_gate;
 use syntax::parse::token;
 use syntax::symbol::InternedString;
 use syntax::tokenstream;
@@ -460,3 +461,21 @@ fn stable_non_narrow_char(swc: ::syntax_pos::NonNarrowChar,
 
     (pos.0 - filemap_start.0, width as u32)
 }
+
+
+
+impl<'gcx> HashStable<StableHashingContext<'gcx>> for feature_gate::Features {
+    fn hash_stable<W: StableHasherResult>(&self,
+                                          hcx: &mut StableHashingContext<'gcx>,
+                                          hasher: &mut StableHasher<W>) {
+        // Unfortunately we cannot exhaustively list fields here, since the
+        // struct is macro generated.
+        self.declared_stable_lang_features.hash_stable(hcx, hasher);
+        self.declared_lib_features.hash_stable(hcx, hasher);
+
+        self.walk_feature_fields(|feature_name, value| {
+            feature_name.hash_stable(hcx, hasher);
+            value.hash_stable(hcx, hasher);
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/librustc/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs b/src/librustc/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs
index 37a84361aea2d0d8ad56200781e31846ab5ae49f..559b2720076f447030d042710fa0a698c55ddc3a 100644
--- a/src/librustc/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs
@@ -289,11 +289,11 @@ pub fn report_region_errors(
     ) {
         debug!("report_region_errors(): {} errors to start", errors.len());
 
-        if will_later_be_reported_by_nll && self.tcx.sess.nll() {
+        if will_later_be_reported_by_nll && self.tcx.nll() {
             // With `#![feature(nll)]`, we want to present a nice user
             // experience, so don't even mention the errors from the
             // AST checker.
-            if self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().nll {
+            if self.tcx.features().nll {
                 return;
             }
 
diff --git a/src/librustc/middle/stability.rs b/src/librustc/middle/stability.rs
index e80ea16f565abc64dbda58cbcd0aa602c9066316..16c33d6bd837da03f301396a7eb42a43b11d2ac9 100644
--- a/src/librustc/middle/stability.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/middle/stability.rs
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ fn annotate<F>(&mut self, id: NodeId, attrs: &[Attribute],
                    item_sp: Span, kind: AnnotationKind, visit_children: F)
         where F: FnOnce(&mut Self)
     {
-        if self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().staged_api {
+        if self.tcx.features().staged_api {
             // This crate explicitly wants staged API.
             debug!("annotate(id = {:?}, attrs = {:?})", id, attrs);
             if let Some(..) = attr::find_deprecation(self.tcx.sess.diagnostic(), attrs, item_sp) {
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Index<'tcx> {
     pub fn new(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) -> Index<'tcx> {
         let is_staged_api =
             tcx.sess.opts.debugging_opts.force_unstable_if_unmarked ||
-            tcx.sess.features.borrow().staged_api;
+            tcx.features().staged_api;
         let mut staged_api = FxHashMap();
         staged_api.insert(LOCAL_CRATE, is_staged_api);
         let mut index = Index {
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ pub fn new(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) -> Index<'tcx> {
             active_features: FxHashSet(),
         };
 
-        let ref active_lib_features = tcx.sess.features.borrow().declared_lib_features;
+        let ref active_lib_features = tcx.features().declared_lib_features;
 
         // Put the active features into a map for quick lookup
         index.active_features = active_lib_features.iter().map(|&(ref s, _)| s.clone()).collect();
@@ -677,7 +677,7 @@ fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &'tcx hir::Item) {
 
             // There's no good place to insert stability check for non-Copy unions,
             // so semi-randomly perform it here in stability.rs
-            hir::ItemUnion(..) if !self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().untagged_unions => {
+            hir::ItemUnion(..) if !self.tcx.features().untagged_unions => {
                 let def_id = self.tcx.hir.local_def_id(item.id);
                 let adt_def = self.tcx.adt_def(def_id);
                 let ty = self.tcx.type_of(def_id);
@@ -721,8 +721,6 @@ pub fn lookup_deprecation(self, id: DefId) -> Option<Deprecation> {
 /// were expected to be library features), and the list of features used from
 /// libraries, identify activated features that don't exist and error about them.
 pub fn check_unused_or_stable_features<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) {
-    let sess = &tcx.sess;
-
     let access_levels = &tcx.privacy_access_levels(LOCAL_CRATE);
 
     if tcx.stability().staged_api[&LOCAL_CRATE] {
@@ -736,12 +734,12 @@ pub fn check_unused_or_stable_features<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) {
         krate.visit_all_item_likes(&mut missing.as_deep_visitor());
     }
 
-    let ref declared_lib_features = sess.features.borrow().declared_lib_features;
+    let ref declared_lib_features = tcx.features().declared_lib_features;
     let mut remaining_lib_features: FxHashMap<Symbol, Span>
         = declared_lib_features.clone().into_iter().collect();
     remaining_lib_features.remove(&Symbol::intern("proc_macro"));
 
-    for &(ref stable_lang_feature, span) in &sess.features.borrow().declared_stable_lang_features {
+    for &(ref stable_lang_feature, span) in &tcx.features().declared_stable_lang_features {
         let version = find_lang_feature_accepted_version(&stable_lang_feature.as_str())
             .expect("unexpectedly couldn't find version feature was stabilized");
         tcx.lint_node(lint::builtin::STABLE_FEATURES,
diff --git a/src/librustc/session/mod.rs b/src/librustc/session/mod.rs
index bd87a8f918ab37b767817917206466712dcb6df7..f6da4b55301e40d444e80930f0091ca4e2d3a7c9 100644
--- a/src/librustc/session/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/session/mod.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 use middle::allocator::AllocatorKind;
 use middle::dependency_format;
 use session::search_paths::PathKind;
-use session::config::{BorrowckMode, DebugInfoLevel, OutputType, Epoch};
+use session::config::{DebugInfoLevel, OutputType, Epoch};
 use ty::tls;
 use util::nodemap::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
 use util::common::{duration_to_secs_str, ErrorReported};
@@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ pub struct Session {
     /// multiple crates with the same name to coexist. See the
     /// trans::back::symbol_names module for more information.
     pub crate_disambiguator: RefCell<Option<CrateDisambiguator>>,
-    pub features: RefCell<feature_gate::Features>,
+
+    features: RefCell<Option<feature_gate::Features>>,
 
     /// The maximum recursion limit for potentially infinitely recursive
     /// operations such as auto-dereference and monomorphization.
@@ -194,6 +195,7 @@ pub fn local_crate_disambiguator(&self) -> CrateDisambiguator {
             None => bug!("accessing disambiguator before initialization"),
         }
     }
+
     pub fn struct_span_warn<'a, S: Into<MultiSpan>>(&'a self,
                                                     sp: S,
                                                     msg: &str)
@@ -456,16 +458,22 @@ pub fn print_llvm_passes(&self) -> bool {
         self.opts.debugging_opts.print_llvm_passes
     }
 
-    /// If true, we should use NLL-style region checking instead of
-    /// lexical style.
-    pub fn nll(&self) -> bool {
-        self.features.borrow().nll || self.opts.debugging_opts.nll
+    /// Get the features enabled for the current compilation session. Do not use
+    /// DO NOT USE THIS METHOD if there is a TyCtxt available, as it circumvents
+    /// dependency tracking. Use tcx.features() instead.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn features_untracked(&self) -> cell::Ref<feature_gate::Features> {
+        let features = self.features.borrow();
+
+        if features.is_none() {
+            bug!("Access to Session::features before it is initialized");
+        }
+
+        cell::Ref::map(features, |r| r.as_ref().unwrap())
     }
 
-    /// If true, we should use the MIR-based borrowck (we may *also* use
-    /// the AST-based borrowck).
-    pub fn use_mir(&self) -> bool {
-        self.borrowck_mode().use_mir()
+    pub fn init_features(&self, features: feature_gate::Features) {
+        *(self.features.borrow_mut()) = Some(features);
     }
 
     /// If true, we should gather causal information during NLL
@@ -475,42 +483,6 @@ pub fn nll_dump_cause(&self) -> bool {
         self.opts.debugging_opts.nll_dump_cause
     }
 
-    /// If true, we should enable two-phase borrows checks. This is
-    /// done with either `-Ztwo-phase-borrows` or with
-    /// `#![feature(nll)]`.
-    pub fn two_phase_borrows(&self) -> bool {
-        self.features.borrow().nll || self.opts.debugging_opts.two_phase_borrows
-    }
-
-    /// What mode(s) of borrowck should we run? AST? MIR? both?
-    /// (Also considers the `#![feature(nll)]` setting.)
-    pub fn borrowck_mode(&self) -> BorrowckMode {
-        match self.opts.borrowck_mode {
-            mode @ BorrowckMode::Mir |
-            mode @ BorrowckMode::Compare => mode,
-
-            mode @ BorrowckMode::Ast => {
-                if self.nll() {
-                    BorrowckMode::Mir
-                } else {
-                    mode
-                }
-            }
-
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Should we emit EndRegion MIR statements? These are consumed by
-    /// MIR borrowck, but not when NLL is used. They are also consumed
-    /// by the validation stuff.
-    pub fn emit_end_regions(&self) -> bool {
-        // FIXME(#46875) -- we should not emit end regions when NLL is enabled,
-        // but for now we can't stop doing so because it causes false positives
-        self.opts.debugging_opts.emit_end_regions ||
-            self.opts.debugging_opts.mir_emit_validate > 0 ||
-            self.use_mir()
-    }
-
     /// Calculates the flavor of LTO to use for this compilation.
     pub fn lto(&self) -> config::Lto {
         // If our target has codegen requirements ignore the command line
@@ -1029,7 +1001,7 @@ pub fn build_session_(sopts: config::Options,
         crate_types: RefCell::new(Vec::new()),
         dependency_formats: RefCell::new(FxHashMap()),
         crate_disambiguator: RefCell::new(None),
-        features: RefCell::new(feature_gate::Features::new()),
+        features: RefCell::new(None),
         recursion_limit: Cell::new(64),
         type_length_limit: Cell::new(1048576),
         next_node_id: Cell::new(NodeId::new(1)),
diff --git a/src/librustc/traits/specialize/mod.rs b/src/librustc/traits/specialize/mod.rs
index 43940d7cea3ed6a24a5cf841c2374f87f02dd64e..d11565618a687ede894f069fa6f841c4ab38599c 100644
--- a/src/librustc/traits/specialize/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/traits/specialize/mod.rs
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ pub(super) fn specializes<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>,
 
     // The feature gate should prevent introducing new specializations, but not
     // taking advantage of upstream ones.
-    if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().specialization &&
+    if !tcx.features().specialization &&
         (impl1_def_id.is_local() || impl2_def_id.is_local()) {
         return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/librustc/ty/context.rs b/src/librustc/ty/context.rs
index d04c4771017318cda43639e45c5b80c7feeef420..a7f065d57aeed645a3e06676a8220d9f3a4ccb78 100644
--- a/src/librustc/ty/context.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/ty/context.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 use dep_graph::{DepNode, DepConstructor};
 use errors::DiagnosticBuilder;
 use session::Session;
-use session::config::OutputFilenames;
+use session::config::{BorrowckMode, OutputFilenames};
 use middle;
 use hir::{TraitCandidate, HirId, ItemLocalId};
 use hir::def::{Def, Export};
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@
 use syntax::ast::{self, Name, NodeId};
 use syntax::attr;
 use syntax::codemap::MultiSpan;
+use syntax::feature_gate;
 use syntax::symbol::{Symbol, keywords};
 use syntax_pos::Span;
 
@@ -1255,6 +1256,10 @@ pub fn crates(self) -> Lrc<Vec<CrateNum>> {
         self.all_crate_nums(LOCAL_CRATE)
     }
 
+    pub fn features(self) -> Lrc<feature_gate::Features> {
+        self.features_query(LOCAL_CRATE)
+    }
+
     pub fn def_key(self, id: DefId) -> hir_map::DefKey {
         if id.is_local() {
             self.hir.def_key(id)
@@ -1362,6 +1367,53 @@ pub fn serialize_query_result_cache<E>(self,
         self.on_disk_query_result_cache.serialize(self.global_tcx(), encoder)
     }
 
+    /// If true, we should use NLL-style region checking instead of
+    /// lexical style.
+    pub fn nll(self) -> bool {
+        self.features().nll || self.sess.opts.debugging_opts.nll
+    }
+
+    /// If true, we should use the MIR-based borrowck (we may *also* use
+    /// the AST-based borrowck).
+    pub fn use_mir(self) -> bool {
+        self.borrowck_mode().use_mir()
+    }
+
+    /// If true, we should enable two-phase borrows checks. This is
+    /// done with either `-Ztwo-phase-borrows` or with
+    /// `#![feature(nll)]`.
+    pub fn two_phase_borrows(self) -> bool {
+        self.features().nll || self.sess.opts.debugging_opts.two_phase_borrows
+    }
+
+    /// What mode(s) of borrowck should we run? AST? MIR? both?
+    /// (Also considers the `#![feature(nll)]` setting.)
+    pub fn borrowck_mode(&self) -> BorrowckMode {
+        match self.sess.opts.borrowck_mode {
+            mode @ BorrowckMode::Mir |
+            mode @ BorrowckMode::Compare => mode,
+
+            mode @ BorrowckMode::Ast => {
+                if self.nll() {
+                    BorrowckMode::Mir
+                } else {
+                    mode
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Should we emit EndRegion MIR statements? These are consumed by
+    /// MIR borrowck, but not when NLL is used. They are also consumed
+    /// by the validation stuff.
+    pub fn emit_end_regions(self) -> bool {
+        // FIXME(#46875) -- we should not emit end regions when NLL is enabled,
+        // but for now we can't stop doing so because it causes false positives
+        self.sess.opts.debugging_opts.emit_end_regions ||
+            self.sess.opts.debugging_opts.mir_emit_validate > 0 ||
+            self.use_mir()
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'a, 'tcx> TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx> {
@@ -2020,7 +2072,7 @@ pub fn mk_nil(self) -> Ty<'tcx> {
     }
 
     pub fn mk_diverging_default(self) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        if self.sess.features.borrow().never_type {
+        if self.features().never_type {
             self.types.never
         } else {
             self.intern_tup(&[], true)
@@ -2395,13 +2447,17 @@ pub fn provide(providers: &mut ty::maps::Providers) {
     };
     providers.has_copy_closures = |tcx, cnum| {
         assert_eq!(cnum, LOCAL_CRATE);
-        tcx.sess.features.borrow().copy_closures
+        tcx.features().copy_closures
     };
     providers.has_clone_closures = |tcx, cnum| {
         assert_eq!(cnum, LOCAL_CRATE);
-        tcx.sess.features.borrow().clone_closures
+        tcx.features().clone_closures
     };
     providers.fully_normalize_monormophic_ty = |tcx, ty| {
         tcx.fully_normalize_associated_types_in(&ty)
     };
+    providers.features_query = |tcx, cnum| {
+        assert_eq!(cnum, LOCAL_CRATE);
+        Lrc::new(tcx.sess.features_untracked().clone())
+    };
 }
diff --git a/src/librustc/ty/maps/config.rs b/src/librustc/ty/maps/config.rs
index eb07876b05f26cb408e9cc86ae7329b42d128401..c91b30440e5e31ff0d506ca5e5e4b03a83a4a82f 100644
--- a/src/librustc/ty/maps/config.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/ty/maps/config.rs
@@ -593,6 +593,12 @@ fn describe(_tcx: TyCtxt, _: Ty) -> String {
     }
 }
 
+impl<'tcx> QueryDescription<'tcx> for queries::features_query<'tcx> {
+    fn describe(_tcx: TyCtxt, _: CrateNum) -> String {
+        format!("looking up enabled feature gates")
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'tcx> QueryDescription<'tcx> for queries::typeck_tables_of<'tcx> {
     #[inline]
     fn cache_on_disk(def_id: Self::Key) -> bool {
diff --git a/src/librustc/ty/maps/mod.rs b/src/librustc/ty/maps/mod.rs
index 6edb1d9be35db855baf1678756634ba05c282eab..c211713db6bc091a324930c65968238eb7aa9e2a 100644
--- a/src/librustc/ty/maps/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/ty/maps/mod.rs
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 use syntax_pos::symbol::InternedString;
 use syntax::attr;
 use syntax::ast;
+use syntax::feature_gate;
 use syntax::symbol::Symbol;
 
 #[macro_use]
@@ -374,12 +375,19 @@
     // Get an estimate of the size of an InstanceDef based on its MIR for CGU partitioning.
     [] fn instance_def_size_estimate: instance_def_size_estimate_dep_node(ty::InstanceDef<'tcx>)
         -> usize,
+
+    [] fn features_query: features_node(CrateNum) -> Lrc<feature_gate::Features>,
 }
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // These functions are little shims used to find the dep-node for a
 // given query when there is not a *direct* mapping:
 
+
+fn features_node<'tcx>(_: CrateNum) -> DepConstructor<'tcx> {
+    DepConstructor::Features
+}
+
 fn erase_regions_ty<'tcx>(ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> DepConstructor<'tcx> {
     DepConstructor::EraseRegionsTy { ty }
 }
diff --git a/src/librustc/ty/maps/plumbing.rs b/src/librustc/ty/maps/plumbing.rs
index b654b6bc42a122896c018319b39efcaf5c0e07da..3443b9b61b2156ba718864b0497371cb5a03a8cd 100644
--- a/src/librustc/ty/maps/plumbing.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/ty/maps/plumbing.rs
@@ -936,6 +936,7 @@ pub fn force_from_dep_node<'a, 'gcx, 'lcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'lcx>,
         DepKind::TargetFeaturesEnabled => { force!(target_features_enabled, def_id!()); }
 
         DepKind::GetSymbolExportLevel => { force!(symbol_export_level, def_id!()); }
+        DepKind::Features => { force!(features_query, LOCAL_CRATE); }
     }
 
     true
diff --git a/src/librustc/ty/mod.rs b/src/librustc/ty/mod.rs
index 9ba33a57c20505329bfba80b2283ccfbd76d573b..f6f4e1ceb1563a05c9a69326f32fcf09fdd2a62e 100644
--- a/src/librustc/ty/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc/ty/mod.rs
@@ -2335,7 +2335,7 @@ pub fn associated_items(self, def_id: DefId)
     /// Returns true if the impls are the same polarity and are implementing
     /// a trait which contains no items
     pub fn impls_are_allowed_to_overlap(self, def_id1: DefId, def_id2: DefId) -> bool {
-        if !self.sess.features.borrow().overlapping_marker_traits {
+        if !self.features().overlapping_marker_traits {
             return false;
         }
         let trait1_is_empty = self.impl_trait_ref(def_id1)
diff --git a/src/librustc_borrowck/borrowck/mod.rs b/src/librustc_borrowck/borrowck/mod.rs
index 4fe6ee45295a3c06b5210194f641056f53bc056b..bb198adea4a6a6c88a0c304163a1da053747a04b 100644
--- a/src/librustc_borrowck/borrowck/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_borrowck/borrowck/mod.rs
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ fn cancel_if_wrong_origin<'a>(&'a self,
                                 o: Origin)
                                 -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a>
     {
-        if !o.should_emit_errors(self.tcx.sess.borrowck_mode()) {
+        if !o.should_emit_errors(self.tcx.borrowck_mode()) {
             self.tcx.sess.diagnostic().cancel(&mut diag);
         }
         diag
diff --git a/src/librustc_const_eval/_match.rs b/src/librustc_const_eval/_match.rs
index 54e3418d4f0178fb1ba1f93b860b8bb67c2fb4bd..8e3b99f2dbfee86a13c3007ff5e18877ce50fa76 100644
--- a/src/librustc_const_eval/_match.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_const_eval/_match.rs
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ fn lower_byte_str_pattern<'p>(&mut self, pat: &'p Pattern<'tcx>) -> Vec<&'p Patt
     }
 
     fn is_uninhabited(&self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> bool {
-        if self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().never_type {
+        if self.tcx.features().never_type {
             self.tcx.is_ty_uninhabited_from(self.module, ty)
         } else {
             false
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ fn is_variant_uninhabited(&self,
                               substs: &'tcx ty::subst::Substs<'tcx>)
                               -> bool
     {
-        if self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().never_type {
+        if self.tcx.features().never_type {
             self.tcx.is_enum_variant_uninhabited_from(self.module, variant, substs)
         } else {
             false
diff --git a/src/librustc_const_eval/check_match.rs b/src/librustc_const_eval/check_match.rs
index ae53ed0e1140d1226e4ba29f8ba45041ad13c40e..6f7143c185cb3ad2718ae1463fee873fd8ea77ff 100644
--- a/src/librustc_const_eval/check_match.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_const_eval/check_match.rs
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ fn check_match(
             let pat_ty = self.tables.node_id_to_type(scrut.hir_id);
             let module = self.tcx.hir.get_module_parent(scrut.id);
             if inlined_arms.is_empty() {
-                let scrutinee_is_uninhabited = if self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().never_type {
+                let scrutinee_is_uninhabited = if self.tcx.features().never_type {
                     self.tcx.is_ty_uninhabited_from(module, pat_ty)
                 } else {
                     self.conservative_is_uninhabited(pat_ty)
diff --git a/src/librustc_const_eval/eval.rs b/src/librustc_const_eval/eval.rs
index 8e4ec93c14baebae44f7ca13e58ff099ca474883..2a571fa82643b2d97777158abcead4396f283349 100644
--- a/src/librustc_const_eval/eval.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_const_eval/eval.rs
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ fn eval_const_expr_partial<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &ConstContext<'a, 'tcx>,
         }).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?))))
       }
       hir::ExprIndex(ref arr, ref idx) => {
-        if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().const_indexing {
+        if !tcx.features().const_indexing {
             signal!(e, IndexOpFeatureGated);
         }
         let arr = cx.eval(arr)?;
diff --git a/src/librustc_driver/driver.rs b/src/librustc_driver/driver.rs
index 15afea19213865a727e30d48fb568f16b172cd55..571cc46bc6413e2eb4f8a9ac9366db05b30b71f2 100644
--- a/src/librustc_driver/driver.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_driver/driver.rs
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ pub fn phase_2_configure_and_expand_inner<'a, F>(sess: &'a Session,
 
     let (mut krate, features) = syntax::config::features(krate, &sess.parse_sess, sess.opts.test);
     // these need to be set "early" so that expansion sees `quote` if enabled.
-    *sess.features.borrow_mut() = features;
+    sess.init_features(features);
 
     *sess.crate_types.borrow_mut() = collect_crate_types(sess, &krate.attrs);
 
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ pub fn phase_2_configure_and_expand_inner<'a, F>(sess: &'a Session,
     let mut registry = registry.unwrap_or(Registry::new(sess, krate.span));
 
     time(time_passes, "plugin registration", || {
-        if sess.features.borrow().rustc_diagnostic_macros {
+        if sess.features_untracked().rustc_diagnostic_macros {
             registry.register_macro("__diagnostic_used",
                                     diagnostics::plugin::expand_diagnostic_used);
             registry.register_macro("__register_diagnostic",
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ pub fn phase_2_configure_and_expand_inner<'a, F>(sess: &'a Session,
                                      crate_loader,
                                      &resolver_arenas);
     resolver.whitelisted_legacy_custom_derives = whitelisted_legacy_custom_derives;
-    syntax_ext::register_builtins(&mut resolver, syntax_exts, sess.features.borrow().quote);
+    syntax_ext::register_builtins(&mut resolver, syntax_exts, sess.features_untracked().quote);
 
     krate = time(time_passes, "expansion", || {
         // Windows dlls do not have rpaths, so they don't know how to find their
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ pub fn phase_2_configure_and_expand_inner<'a, F>(sess: &'a Session,
                                          .filter(|p| env::join_paths(iter::once(p)).is_ok()))
                      .unwrap());
         }
-        let features = sess.features.borrow();
+        let features = sess.features_untracked();
         let cfg = syntax::ext::expand::ExpansionConfig {
             features: Some(&features),
             recursion_limit: sess.recursion_limit.get(),
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ pub fn phase_2_configure_and_expand_inner<'a, F>(sess: &'a Session,
                                          sess.opts.test,
                                          krate,
                                          sess.diagnostic(),
-                                         &sess.features.borrow())
+                                         &sess.features_untracked())
     });
 
     // If we're actually rustdoc then there's no need to actually compile
@@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ pub fn phase_2_configure_and_expand_inner<'a, F>(sess: &'a Session,
         sess.track_errors(|| {
             syntax::feature_gate::check_crate(&krate,
                                               &sess.parse_sess,
-                                              &sess.features.borrow(),
+                                              &sess.features_untracked(),
                                               &attributes,
                                               sess.opts.unstable_features);
         })
diff --git a/src/librustc_incremental/assert_dep_graph.rs b/src/librustc_incremental/assert_dep_graph.rs
index 5976b80d90f871f0f8e164b249848e855bf0a5be..17a6176b79e954d4cbb72d2968cb65dff82cf12f 100644
--- a/src/librustc_incremental/assert_dep_graph.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_incremental/assert_dep_graph.rs
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ pub fn assert_dep_graph<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) {
         // if the `rustc_attrs` feature is not enabled, then the
         // attributes we are interested in cannot be present anyway, so
         // skip the walk.
-        if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().rustc_attrs {
+        if !tcx.features().rustc_attrs {
             return;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/librustc_incremental/persist/dirty_clean.rs b/src/librustc_incremental/persist/dirty_clean.rs
index c3e283535ec8280fd2ba6da371a02a7f2c4e3e23..e114606a631159c142461f4d67a730c942eb1a8d 100644
--- a/src/librustc_incremental/persist/dirty_clean.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_incremental/persist/dirty_clean.rs
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ fn from_dirty_labels(labels: Labels) -> Assertion {
 
 pub fn check_dirty_clean_annotations<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) {
     // can't add `#[rustc_dirty]` etc without opting in to this feature
-    if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().rustc_attrs {
+    if !tcx.features().rustc_attrs {
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/librustc_lint/builtin.rs b/src/librustc_lint/builtin.rs
index 66f34a72edf2d4fce674ae9c15ba32a980861595..62ac898337ca9a13f083cdad8d1bf5aa5115a28d 100644
--- a/src/librustc_lint/builtin.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_lint/builtin.rs
@@ -1356,7 +1356,7 @@ fn perform_lint(&self, cx: &LateContext, what: &str, id: ast::NodeId,
             // visibility is token at start of declaration (can be macro
             // variable rather than literal `pub`)
             let pub_span = cx.tcx.sess.codemap().span_until_char(def_span, ' ');
-            let replacement = if cx.tcx.sess.features.borrow().crate_visibility_modifier {
+            let replacement = if cx.tcx.features().crate_visibility_modifier {
                 "crate"
             } else {
                 "pub(crate)"
diff --git a/src/librustc_lint/unused.rs b/src/librustc_lint/unused.rs
index 439533fae49d915d8e9bdb546355c82e7f6952a1..6ab3172c4fefaaa1604dfdf0ec72ae75d5521fe9 100644
--- a/src/librustc_lint/unused.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_lint/unused.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ fn check_stmt(&mut self, cx: &LateContext, s: &hir::Stmt) {
 
         let mut fn_warned = false;
         let mut op_warned = false;
-        if cx.tcx.sess.features.borrow().fn_must_use {
+        if cx.tcx.features().fn_must_use {
             let maybe_def = match expr.node {
                 hir::ExprCall(ref callee, _) => {
                     match callee.node {
diff --git a/src/librustc_metadata/native_libs.rs b/src/librustc_metadata/native_libs.rs
index c0ce32cc970683effe0ae338c303e681dcb40a98..2504f8dc251f9e0d11db9fc81dc750a0646eaf63 100644
--- a/src/librustc_metadata/native_libs.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_metadata/native_libs.rs
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ fn register_native_lib(&mut self, span: Option<Span>, lib: NativeLibrary) {
                 None => self.tcx.sess.err(msg),
             }
         }
-        if lib.cfg.is_some() && !self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().link_cfg {
+        if lib.cfg.is_some() && !self.tcx.features().link_cfg {
             feature_gate::emit_feature_err(&self.tcx.sess.parse_sess,
                                            "link_cfg",
                                            span.unwrap(),
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ fn register_native_lib(&mut self, span: Option<Span>, lib: NativeLibrary) {
                                            "is feature gated");
         }
         if lib.kind == cstore::NativeStaticNobundle &&
-           !self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().static_nobundle {
+           !self.tcx.features().static_nobundle {
             feature_gate::emit_feature_err(&self.tcx.sess.parse_sess,
                                            "static_nobundle",
                                            span.unwrap(),
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/error_reporting.rs b/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/error_reporting.rs
index c6635d59154e277110c79e40383a3992054fcf24..b77e7cf2ec8b5f1e597802e54cb39d3bb6ab613c 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/error_reporting.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/error_reporting.rs
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ fn report_unscoped_local_value_does_not_live_long_enough(
         err.span_label(borrow_span, "borrowed value does not live long enough");
         err.span_label(drop_span, "borrowed value only lives until here");
 
-        if !self.tcx.sess.nll() {
+        if !self.tcx.nll() {
             self.tcx.note_and_explain_region(
                 scope_tree,
                 &mut err,
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ fn report_unscoped_temporary_value_does_not_live_long_enough(
         err.span_label(proper_span, "temporary value does not live long enough");
         err.span_label(drop_span, "temporary value only lives until here");
 
-        if !self.tcx.sess.nll() {
+        if !self.tcx.nll() {
             self.tcx.note_and_explain_region(
                 scope_tree,
                 &mut err,
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/mod.rs b/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/mod.rs
index c6ed971f767cf15fba9385874c3d511e14e49cbc..1ff0ffaaa68b398e7166b2a6c01b4cc632cfc71d 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/mod.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ fn mir_borrowck<'a, 'tcx>(
     let input_mir = tcx.mir_validated(def_id);
     debug!("run query mir_borrowck: {}", tcx.item_path_str(def_id));
 
-    if !tcx.has_attr(def_id, "rustc_mir_borrowck") && !tcx.sess.use_mir() {
+    if !tcx.has_attr(def_id, "rustc_mir_borrowck") && !tcx.use_mir() {
         return None;
     }
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ fn do_mir_borrowck<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>(
     // contain non-lexical lifetimes. It will have a lifetime tied
     // to the inference context.
     let mut mir: Mir<'tcx> = input_mir.clone();
-    let free_regions = if !tcx.sess.nll() {
+    let free_regions = if !tcx.nll() {
         None
     } else {
         let mir = &mut mir;
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ fn do_mir_borrowck<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>(
         );
         (Some(Rc::new(regioncx)), opt_closure_req)
     } else {
-        assert!(!tcx.sess.nll());
+        assert!(!tcx.nll());
         (None, None)
     };
     let flow_inits = flow_inits; // remove mut
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> MirBorrowckCtxt<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
     /// allowed to be split into separate Reservation and
     /// Activation phases.
     fn allow_two_phase_borrow(&self, kind: BorrowKind) -> bool {
-        self.tcx.sess.two_phase_borrows() &&
+        self.tcx.two_phase_borrows() &&
             (kind.allows_two_phase_borrow() ||
              self.tcx.sess.opts.debugging_opts.two_phase_beyond_autoref)
     }
@@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@ fn check_activations(
         span: Span,
         flow_state: &Flows<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
     ) {
-        if !self.tcx.sess.two_phase_borrows() {
+        if !self.tcx.two_phase_borrows() {
             return;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/nll/type_check/mod.rs b/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/nll/type_check/mod.rs
index a06d39d225c45ccc34076495b2534ac9db756cb4..3af10c5c25169e8205c0f72fa1fd1bb8efec5285 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/nll/type_check/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/borrow_check/nll/type_check/mod.rs
@@ -1587,7 +1587,7 @@ fn run_pass<'a, 'tcx>(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>, src: MirSource, mir: &
 
         // When NLL is enabled, the borrow checker runs the typeck
         // itself, so we don't need this MIR pass anymore.
-        if tcx.sess.nll() {
+        if tcx.nll() {
             return;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/build/cfg.rs b/src/librustc_mir/build/cfg.rs
index 932aad0bb1d84dcf68f12673d221547452081fac..1ed8289d4418469544d5cd7400a6b718584516c6 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/build/cfg.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/build/cfg.rs
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pub fn push_end_region<'a, 'gcx:'a+'tcx>(&mut self,
                                              block: BasicBlock,
                                              source_info: SourceInfo,
                                              region_scope: region::Scope) {
-        if tcx.sess.emit_end_regions() {
+        if tcx.emit_end_regions() {
             if let region::ScopeData::CallSite(_) = region_scope.data() {
                 // The CallSite scope (aka the root scope) is sort of weird, in that it is
                 // supposed to "separate" the "interior" and "exterior" of a closure. Being
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/build/matches/simplify.rs b/src/librustc_mir/build/matches/simplify.rs
index b16d7ed236509e9eeaa6a48f2f3b9f6d88cc8b1f..abea55835466f60434e538f0b2189867afb2c356 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/build/matches/simplify.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/build/matches/simplify.rs
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ fn simplify_match_pair<'pat>(&mut self,
             PatternKind::Variant { adt_def, substs, variant_index, ref subpatterns } => {
                 let irrefutable = adt_def.variants.iter().enumerate().all(|(i, v)| {
                     i == variant_index || {
-                        self.hir.tcx().sess.features.borrow().never_type &&
+                        self.hir.tcx().features().never_type &&
                         self.hir.tcx().is_variant_uninhabited_from_all_modules(v, substs)
                     }
                 });
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/transform/clean_end_regions.rs b/src/librustc_mir/transform/clean_end_regions.rs
index 7986313aa81346526da86a6205cbd71d5a8cb5e7..6e8985d99d287b83b14b6d32ddd44ea061445145 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/transform/clean_end_regions.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/transform/clean_end_regions.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ fn run_pass<'a, 'tcx>(&self,
                           tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>,
                           _source: MirSource,
                           mir: &mut Mir<'tcx>) {
-        if !tcx.sess.emit_end_regions() { return; }
+        if !tcx.emit_end_regions() { return; }
 
         let mut gather = GatherBorrowedRegions {
             seen_regions: FxHashSet()
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/transform/qualify_consts.rs b/src/librustc_mir/transform/qualify_consts.rs
index 0b0ce1fb4d48b593eadf1ce64ab5cfb5bc3cdf8b..8f5831270d6e5afa94af754ef71f2f7e24914c61 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/transform/qualify_consts.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/transform/qualify_consts.rs
@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ fn visit_terminator_kind(&mut self,
                     if self.mode != Mode::Fn &&
 
                         // feature-gate is not enabled,
-                        !self.tcx.sess.features.borrow()
+                        !self.tcx.features()
                             .declared_lib_features
                             .iter()
                             .any(|&(ref sym, _)| sym == feature_name) &&
diff --git a/src/librustc_mir/util/borrowck_errors.rs b/src/librustc_mir/util/borrowck_errors.rs
index 4a7ee397aec00b887fd6382f22c52713e93eb22d..89242ca32bcbfa1586ddb2541e3c13b9d8bc5fce 100644
--- a/src/librustc_mir/util/borrowck_errors.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_mir/util/borrowck_errors.rs
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ fn cancel_if_wrong_origin<'a>(&'a self,
                                 o: Origin)
                                 -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a>
     {
-        if !o.should_emit_errors(self.sess.borrowck_mode()) {
+        if !o.should_emit_errors(self.borrowck_mode()) {
             self.sess.diagnostic().cancel(&mut diag);
         }
         diag
diff --git a/src/librustc_plugin/load.rs b/src/librustc_plugin/load.rs
index a46b85d93cbb82cc3024e0b533822d26997a7739..bf59165a9c4614f010e9ca359f3c9bc59d7dc079 100644
--- a/src/librustc_plugin/load.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_plugin/load.rs
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pub fn load_plugins(sess: &Session,
     // do not report any error now. since crate attributes are
     // not touched by expansion, every use of plugin without
     // the feature enabled will result in an error later...
-    if sess.features.borrow().plugin {
+    if sess.features_untracked().plugin {
         for attr in &krate.attrs {
             if !attr.check_name("plugin") {
                 continue;
diff --git a/src/librustc_resolve/build_reduced_graph.rs b/src/librustc_resolve/build_reduced_graph.rs
index b9899f499148dbd39602fb5804af7077bb4c4df2..bf7b81c4d0e420938ad8ca08a906ec9c02330366 100644
--- a/src/librustc_resolve/build_reduced_graph.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_resolve/build_reduced_graph.rs
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ pub fn get_macro(&mut self, def: Def) -> Lrc<SyntaxExtension> {
         };
 
         let ext = Lrc::new(macro_rules::compile(&self.session.parse_sess,
-                                               &self.session.features,
+                                               &self.session.features_untracked(),
                                                &macro_def));
         self.macro_map.insert(def_id, ext.clone());
         ext
diff --git a/src/librustc_resolve/lib.rs b/src/librustc_resolve/lib.rs
index 317bd9217b59167500f517121cb460dc6d1b9948..fc1ff248184033dc11d7410375bac313a23c488d 100644
--- a/src/librustc_resolve/lib.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_resolve/lib.rs
@@ -1524,7 +1524,7 @@ pub fn new(session: &'a Session,
         invocations.insert(Mark::root(),
                            arenas.alloc_invocation_data(InvocationData::root(graph_root)));
 
-        let features = session.features.borrow();
+        let features = session.features_untracked();
 
         let mut macro_defs = FxHashMap();
         macro_defs.insert(Mark::root(), root_def_id);
@@ -2998,7 +2998,7 @@ fn resolve_qpath(&mut self,
                 let prim = self.primitive_type_table.primitive_types[&path[0].node.name];
                 match prim {
                     TyUint(UintTy::U128) | TyInt(IntTy::I128) => {
-                        if !self.session.features.borrow().i128_type {
+                        if !self.session.features_untracked().i128_type {
                             emit_feature_err(&self.session.parse_sess,
                                                 "i128_type", span, GateIssue::Language,
                                                 "128-bit type is unstable");
@@ -3089,7 +3089,7 @@ fn resolve_path(&mut self,
                     let prev_name = path[0].node.name;
                     if prev_name == keywords::Extern.name() ||
                        prev_name == keywords::CrateRoot.name() &&
-                       self.session.features.borrow().extern_absolute_paths {
+                       self.session.features_untracked().extern_absolute_paths {
                         // `::extern_crate::a::b`
                         let crate_id = self.crate_loader.resolve_crate_from_path(name, ident.span);
                         let crate_root =
diff --git a/src/librustc_resolve/macros.rs b/src/librustc_resolve/macros.rs
index 81cc5e59bbbf7d319d4855c9fd9015543f7ebe89..95fa0f3b52fef6b181523c81edef431f6c634e26 100644
--- a/src/librustc_resolve/macros.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_resolve/macros.rs
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ pub fn define_macro(&mut self,
 
         let def_id = self.definitions.local_def_id(item.id);
         let ext = Lrc::new(macro_rules::compile(&self.session.parse_sess,
-                                               &self.session.features,
+                                               &self.session.features_untracked(),
                                                item));
         self.macro_map.insert(def_id, ext);
 
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ pub fn report_proc_macro_import(&mut self, krate: &ast::Crate) {
     }
 
     fn gate_legacy_custom_derive(&mut self, name: Symbol, span: Span) {
-        if !self.session.features.borrow().custom_derive {
+        if !self.session.features_untracked().custom_derive {
             let sess = &self.session.parse_sess;
             let explain = feature_gate::EXPLAIN_CUSTOM_DERIVE;
             emit_feature_err(sess, "custom_derive", span, GateIssue::Language, explain);
diff --git a/src/librustc_resolve/resolve_imports.rs b/src/librustc_resolve/resolve_imports.rs
index 438ab3a3513fcc2f24bf39bd7de31b22753ce867..01c1ded94578ecc1fa45da7521930f70595598e7 100644
--- a/src/librustc_resolve/resolve_imports.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_resolve/resolve_imports.rs
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ fn finalize_import(&mut self, directive: &'b ImportDirective<'b>) -> Option<(Spa
         if module_path.len() == 1 && (module_path[0].node.name == keywords::CrateRoot.name() ||
                                       module_path[0].node.name == keywords::Extern.name()) {
             let is_extern = module_path[0].node.name == keywords::Extern.name() ||
-                            self.session.features.borrow().extern_absolute_paths;
+                            self.session.features_untracked().extern_absolute_paths;
             match directive.subclass {
                 GlobImport { .. } if is_extern => {
                     return Some((directive.span,
diff --git a/src/librustc_trans_utils/symbol_names_test.rs b/src/librustc_trans_utils/symbol_names_test.rs
index 5d7d4f3055bad6f47a6520561ce861f0eece9751..267c8d2bd03c861bcfac1d495c359c6fdfe1b8fd 100644
--- a/src/librustc_trans_utils/symbol_names_test.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_trans_utils/symbol_names_test.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pub fn report_symbol_names<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>) {
     // if the `rustc_attrs` feature is not enabled, then the
     // attributes we are interested in cannot be present anyway, so
     // skip the walk.
-    if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().rustc_attrs {
+    if !tcx.features().rustc_attrs {
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs
index 6a6c49c904838bf85acddaab99305fa12107722e..0df1225cf26247d157d47284abac2f52f0816ddc 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ fn create_substs_for_ast_trait_ref(&self,
 
         let trait_def = self.tcx().trait_def(trait_def_id);
 
-        if !self.tcx().sess.features.borrow().unboxed_closures &&
+        if !self.tcx().features().unboxed_closures &&
            trait_segment.with_parameters(|p| p.parenthesized) != trait_def.paren_sugar {
             // For now, require that parenthetical notation be used only with `Fn()` etc.
             let msg = if trait_def.paren_sugar {
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/check/_match.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/check/_match.rs
index da66a2e52e81f78eab943e69936e635f74953753..a261c12bcdd946dcc88cca1beeb2a5ce29f86d7c 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/check/_match.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/check/_match.rs
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ pub fn check_pat_walk(
                 }
             };
             if pat_adjustments.len() > 0 {
-                if tcx.sess.features.borrow().match_default_bindings {
+                if tcx.features().match_default_bindings {
                     debug!("default binding mode is now {:?}", def_bm);
                     self.inh.tables.borrow_mut()
                         .pat_adjustments_mut()
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/check/coercion.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/check/coercion.rs
index e2d6817697e8fd87de5180e03b262d5d6648e87c..abb0acd699cba0b148296bf1580684805d3dff22 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/check/coercion.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/check/coercion.rs
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ fn coerce_unsized(&self, source: Ty<'tcx>, target: Ty<'tcx>) -> CoerceResult<'tc
             }
         }
 
-        if has_unsized_tuple_coercion && !self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().unsized_tuple_coercion {
+        if has_unsized_tuple_coercion && !self.tcx.features().unsized_tuple_coercion {
             feature_gate::emit_feature_err(&self.tcx.sess.parse_sess,
                                            "unsized_tuple_coercion",
                                            self.cause.span,
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/check/method/probe.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/check/method/probe.rs
index c95ead285594b8bf3d5eeee0e5e27f4bc7414d88..841559013a093352731791934b3b872c74450c60 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/check/method/probe.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/check/method/probe.rs
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ fn create_steps(&self,
                 // possible that there will be multiple applicable methods.
                 if !is_suggestion.0 {
                     if reached_raw_pointer
-                    && !self.tcx.sess.features.borrow().arbitrary_self_types {
+                    && !self.tcx.features().arbitrary_self_types {
                         // this case used to be allowed by the compiler,
                         // so we do a future-compat lint here for the 2015 epoch
                         // (see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/46906)
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/check/mod.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/check/mod.rs
index db5a458bb8ce49c42882c53526bfc25f67849acb..0f59973eab251245ddfc004b9b97e6a2d6e4c167 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/check/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/check/mod.rs
@@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ fn check_fn<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>(inherited: &'a Inherited<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
     }
     fcx.demand_suptype(span, ret_ty, actual_return_ty);
 
-    if fcx.tcx.sess.features.borrow().termination_trait {
+    if fcx.tcx.features().termination_trait {
         // If the termination trait language item is activated, check that the main return type
         // implements the termination trait.
         if let Some(term_id) = fcx.tcx.lang_items().termination() {
@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ pub fn check_enum<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>,
 
     let repr_type_ty = def.repr.discr_type().to_ty(tcx);
     if repr_type_ty == tcx.types.i128 || repr_type_ty == tcx.types.u128 {
-        if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().repr128 {
+        if !tcx.features().repr128 {
             emit_feature_err(&tcx.sess.parse_sess,
                              "repr128",
                              sp,
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/check/wfcheck.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/check/wfcheck.rs
index 39e757c52ff2974ed709d62b6e0d3dbb56d8b781..d10ee358e072846e77be1591c47c141b1f55d4b1 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/check/wfcheck.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/check/wfcheck.rs
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ fn check_method_receiver<'fcx, 'tcx>(&mut self,
         let is_self_ty = |ty| fcx.infcx.can_eq(fcx.param_env, self_ty, ty).is_ok();
         let self_kind = ExplicitSelf::determine(self_arg_ty, is_self_ty);
 
-        if !fcx.tcx.sess.features.borrow().arbitrary_self_types {
+        if !fcx.tcx.features().arbitrary_self_types {
             match self_kind {
                 ExplicitSelf::ByValue |
                 ExplicitSelf::ByReference(_, _) |
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/coherence/mod.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/coherence/mod.rs
index f65d627781f0fb802b848fcc40f5ad5c145d0b3f..d3de31d630a97469b8fad938a3b3912d7cd21a3b 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/coherence/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/coherence/mod.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ fn enforce_trait_manually_implementable(tcx: TyCtxt, impl_def_id: DefId, trait_d
         return;
     }
 
-    if tcx.sess.features.borrow().unboxed_closures {
+    if tcx.features().unboxed_closures {
         // the feature gate allows all Fn traits
         return;
     }
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/collect.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/collect.rs
index 1c8d22e4666a6dd4b9884e2bbfe4878f9028838d..f7158593f0b6e37cd64d51e121afc009e2033392 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/collect.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/collect.rs
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ fn trait_def<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>,
     };
 
     let paren_sugar = tcx.has_attr(def_id, "rustc_paren_sugar");
-    if paren_sugar && !tcx.sess.features.borrow().unboxed_closures {
+    if paren_sugar && !tcx.features().unboxed_closures {
         let mut err = tcx.sess.struct_span_err(
             item.span,
             "the `#[rustc_paren_sugar]` attribute is a temporary means of controlling \
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ fn generics_of<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>,
         }
 
         if !allow_defaults && p.default.is_some() {
-            if !tcx.sess.features.borrow().default_type_parameter_fallback {
+            if !tcx.features().default_type_parameter_fallback {
                 tcx.lint_node(
                     lint::builtin::INVALID_TYPE_PARAM_DEFAULT,
                     p.id,
@@ -1692,7 +1692,7 @@ fn compute_sig_of_foreign_fn_decl<'a, 'tcx>(
     // feature gate SIMD types in FFI, since I (huonw) am not sure the
     // ABIs are handled at all correctly.
     if abi != abi::Abi::RustIntrinsic && abi != abi::Abi::PlatformIntrinsic
-            && !tcx.sess.features.borrow().simd_ffi {
+            && !tcx.features().simd_ffi {
         let check = |ast_ty: &hir::Ty, ty: Ty| {
             if ty.is_simd() {
                 tcx.sess.struct_span_err(ast_ty.span,
diff --git a/src/librustc_typeck/lib.rs b/src/librustc_typeck/lib.rs
index af32738d9d04b37c6a33b3c0616ebc22b18524f9..d9bd96b0d769fea0fb7ae6c686eb57f17b5470ef 100644
--- a/src/librustc_typeck/lib.rs
+++ b/src/librustc_typeck/lib.rs
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ fn check_main_fn_ty<'a, 'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'a, 'tcx, 'tcx>,
 
             let actual = tcx.fn_sig(main_def_id);
             let expected_return_type = if tcx.lang_items().termination().is_some()
-                && tcx.sess.features.borrow().termination_trait {
+                && tcx.features().termination_trait {
                 // we take the return type of the given main function, the real check is done
                 // in `check_fn`
                 actual.output().skip_binder()
diff --git a/src/librustdoc/test.rs b/src/librustdoc/test.rs
index f4c9d556c8abf3ea9830d97c9915d8fc0dd2cbfe..e4477bee5c0e9e39e8b0dddd5b9b67959760fc05 100644
--- a/src/librustdoc/test.rs
+++ b/src/librustdoc/test.rs
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ fn visit_testable<F: FnOnce(&mut Self)>(&mut self,
                                             nested: F) {
         let mut attrs = Attributes::from_ast(self.sess.diagnostic(), attrs);
         if let Some(ref cfg) = attrs.cfg {
-            if !cfg.matches(&self.sess.parse_sess, Some(&self.sess.features.borrow())) {
+            if !cfg.matches(&self.sess.parse_sess, Some(&self.sess.features_untracked())) {
                 return;
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/macro_rules.rs b/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/macro_rules.rs
index 728b3e4076d1ba93b7b3b3aba652fe81b51485eb..9162a582599fc6dc79f1b1b9ed6161c47fd6479b 100644
--- a/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/macro_rules.rs
+++ b/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/macro_rules.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 use symbol::Symbol;
 use tokenstream::{TokenStream, TokenTree};
 
-use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
 
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@ fn generic_extension<'cx>(cx: &'cx mut ExtCtxt,
 // Holy self-referential!
 
 /// Converts a `macro_rules!` invocation into a syntax extension.
-pub fn compile(sess: &ParseSess, features: &RefCell<Features>, def: &ast::Item) -> SyntaxExtension {
+pub fn compile(sess: &ParseSess, features: &Features, def: &ast::Item) -> SyntaxExtension {
     let lhs_nm = ast::Ident::with_empty_ctxt(Symbol::gensym("lhs"));
     let rhs_nm = ast::Ident::with_empty_ctxt(Symbol::gensym("rhs"));
 
@@ -296,7 +295,7 @@ pub fn compile(sess: &ParseSess, features: &RefCell<Features>, def: &ast::Item)
 }
 
 fn check_lhs_nt_follows(sess: &ParseSess,
-                        features: &RefCell<Features>,
+                        features: &Features,
                         attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
                         lhs: &quoted::TokenTree) -> bool {
     // lhs is going to be like TokenTree::Delimited(...), where the
@@ -353,7 +352,7 @@ fn check_rhs(sess: &ParseSess, rhs: &quoted::TokenTree) -> bool {
 }
 
 fn check_matcher(sess: &ParseSess,
-                 features: &RefCell<Features>,
+                 features: &Features,
                  attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
                  matcher: &[quoted::TokenTree]) -> bool {
     let first_sets = FirstSets::new(matcher);
@@ -601,7 +600,7 @@ fn add_all(&mut self, other: &Self) {
 // Requires that `first_sets` is pre-computed for `matcher`;
 // see `FirstSets::new`.
 fn check_matcher_core(sess: &ParseSess,
-                      features: &RefCell<Features>,
+                      features: &Features,
                       attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
                       first_sets: &FirstSets,
                       matcher: &[quoted::TokenTree],
@@ -869,7 +868,7 @@ fn is_in_follow(tok: &quoted::TokenTree, frag: &str) -> Result<bool, (String, &'
 }
 
 fn has_legal_fragment_specifier(sess: &ParseSess,
-                                features: &RefCell<Features>,
+                                features: &Features,
                                 attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
                                 tok: &quoted::TokenTree) -> Result<(), String> {
     debug!("has_legal_fragment_specifier({:?})", tok);
@@ -884,7 +883,7 @@ fn has_legal_fragment_specifier(sess: &ParseSess,
 }
 
 fn is_legal_fragment_specifier(sess: &ParseSess,
-                               features: &RefCell<Features>,
+                               features: &Features,
                                attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
                                frag_name: &str,
                                frag_span: Span) -> bool {
@@ -892,7 +891,7 @@ fn is_legal_fragment_specifier(sess: &ParseSess,
         "item" | "block" | "stmt" | "expr" | "pat" |
         "path" | "ty" | "ident" | "meta" | "tt" | "" => true,
         "lifetime" => {
-            if !features.borrow().macro_lifetime_matcher &&
+            if !features.macro_lifetime_matcher &&
                !attr::contains_name(attrs, "allow_internal_unstable") {
                 let explain = feature_gate::EXPLAIN_LIFETIME_MATCHER;
                 emit_feature_err(sess,
@@ -904,7 +903,7 @@ fn is_legal_fragment_specifier(sess: &ParseSess,
             true
         },
         "vis" => {
-            if !features.borrow().macro_vis_matcher &&
+            if !features.macro_vis_matcher &&
                !attr::contains_name(attrs, "allow_internal_unstable") {
                 let explain = feature_gate::EXPLAIN_VIS_MATCHER;
                 emit_feature_err(sess,
diff --git a/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/quoted.rs b/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/quoted.rs
index c9d7f78c2e303142016552176c26098c7da2738f..122bb9ba024a40c321e54a945da2ba0c9020a349 100644
--- a/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/quoted.rs
+++ b/src/libsyntax/ext/tt/quoted.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 use syntax_pos::{BytePos, Span, DUMMY_SP};
 use tokenstream;
 
-use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::iter::Peekable;
 use rustc_data_structures::sync::Lrc;
 
@@ -183,7 +182,7 @@ pub fn parse(
     input: tokenstream::TokenStream,
     expect_matchers: bool,
     sess: &ParseSess,
-    features: &RefCell<Features>,
+    features: &Features,
     attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
 ) -> Vec<TokenTree> {
     // Will contain the final collection of `self::TokenTree`
@@ -251,7 +250,7 @@ fn parse_tree<I>(
     trees: &mut Peekable<I>,
     expect_matchers: bool,
     sess: &ParseSess,
-    features: &RefCell<Features>,
+    features: &Features,
     attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
 ) -> TokenTree
 where
@@ -382,7 +381,7 @@ fn parse_sep_and_kleene_op<I>(
     input: &mut Peekable<I>,
     span: Span,
     sess: &ParseSess,
-    features: &RefCell<Features>,
+    features: &Features,
     attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
 ) -> (Option<token::Token>, KleeneOp)
 where
@@ -415,7 +414,7 @@ fn parse_sep_and_kleene_op<I>(
                 match parse_kleene_op(input, span) {
                     // #2 is a KleeneOp (this is the only valid option) :)
                     Ok(Ok(op)) if op == KleeneOp::ZeroOrOne => {
-                        if !features.borrow().macro_at_most_once_rep
+                        if !features.macro_at_most_once_rep
                             && !attr::contains_name(attrs, "allow_internal_unstable")
                         {
                             let explain = feature_gate::EXPLAIN_MACRO_AT_MOST_ONCE_REP;
@@ -438,7 +437,7 @@ fn parse_sep_and_kleene_op<I>(
                     Err(span) => span,
                 }
             } else {
-                if !features.borrow().macro_at_most_once_rep
+                if !features.macro_at_most_once_rep
                     && !attr::contains_name(attrs, "allow_internal_unstable")
                 {
                     let explain = feature_gate::EXPLAIN_MACRO_AT_MOST_ONCE_REP;
@@ -460,7 +459,7 @@ fn parse_sep_and_kleene_op<I>(
         Ok(Err((tok, span))) => match parse_kleene_op(input, span) {
             // #2 is a KleeneOp :D
             Ok(Ok(op)) if op == KleeneOp::ZeroOrOne => {
-                if !features.borrow().macro_at_most_once_rep
+                if !features.macro_at_most_once_rep
                     && !attr::contains_name(attrs, "allow_internal_unstable")
                 {
                     let explain = feature_gate::EXPLAIN_MACRO_AT_MOST_ONCE_REP;
@@ -487,7 +486,7 @@ fn parse_sep_and_kleene_op<I>(
         Err(span) => span,
     };
 
-    if !features.borrow().macro_at_most_once_rep
+    if !features.macro_at_most_once_rep
         && !attr::contains_name(attrs, "allow_internal_unstable")
     {
         sess.span_diagnostic
diff --git a/src/libsyntax/feature_gate.rs b/src/libsyntax/feature_gate.rs
index 058df1d516909f9f8e48e6db56ca78c1d7bd629e..45d82bc7af38e824e40ca2d9d27d0c787ae690ca 100644
--- a/src/libsyntax/feature_gate.rs
+++ b/src/libsyntax/feature_gate.rs
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ fn f(features: &mut Features, _: Span) {
             &[$((stringify!($feature), $ver, $issue, set!($feature))),+];
 
         /// A set of features to be used by later passes.
+        #[derive(Clone)]
         pub struct Features {
             /// `#![feature]` attrs for stable language features, for error reporting
             pub declared_stable_lang_features: Vec<(Symbol, Span)>,
@@ -78,6 +79,12 @@ pub fn new() -> Features {
                     $($feature: false),+
                 }
             }
+
+            pub fn walk_feature_fields<F>(&self, mut f: F)
+                where F: FnMut(&str, bool)
+            {
+                $(f(stringify!($feature), self.$feature);)+
+            }
         }
     };