SELECT * FROM film WHERE length = 86;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 86;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length IS NULL;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  IS  NULL;
SELECT * FROM film HAVING title = 'abc';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
HAVING  
  title  = 'abc';
SELECT * FROM sakila.film WHERE length >= 60;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  sakila. film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  >= 60;
SELECT * FROM sakila.film WHERE length >= '60';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  sakila. film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  >= '60';
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length BETWEEN 60 AND 84;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  BETWEEN  60  
  AND  84;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE title LIKE 'AIR%';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  title  LIKE  'AIR%';
SELECT * FROM film WHERE title IS NOT NULL;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  title  IS  NOT  NULL;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length = 114 and title = 'ALABAMA DEVIL';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 114  
  AND  title  = 'ALABAMA DEVIL';
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length > 100 and title = 'ALABAMA DEVIL';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100  
  AND  title  = 'ALABAMA DEVIL';
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length > 100 and language_id < 10 and title = 'xyz';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100  
  AND  language_id  < 10  
  AND  title  = 'xyz';
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length > 100 and language_id < 10;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100  
  AND  language_id  < 10;
SELECT release_year, sum(length) FROM film WHERE length = 123 AND language_id = 1 GROUP BY release_year;

SELECT  
  release_year, SUM( LENGTH) 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
  AND  language_id  = 1  
GROUP BY  
  release_year;
SELECT release_year, sum(length) FROM film WHERE length >= 123 GROUP BY release_year;

SELECT  
  release_year, SUM( LENGTH) 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  >= 123  
GROUP BY  
  release_year;
SELECT release_year, language_id, sum(length) FROM film GROUP BY release_year, language_id;

SELECT  
  release_year, language_id, SUM( LENGTH) 
FROM  
  film  
GROUP BY  
  release_year, language_id;
SELECT release_year, sum(length) FROM film WHERE length = 123 GROUP BY release_year,(length+language_id);

SELECT  
  release_year, SUM( LENGTH) 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
GROUP BY  
  release_year, (LENGTH+ language_id);
SELECT release_year, sum(film_id) FROM film GROUP BY release_year;

SELECT  
  release_year, SUM( film_id) 
FROM  
  film  
GROUP BY  
  release_year;
SELECT * FROM address GROUP BY address,district;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  address  
GROUP BY  
  address, district;
SELECT title FROM film WHERE ABS(language_id) = 3 GROUP BY title;

SELECT  
  title  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  ABS( language_id) = 3  
GROUP BY  
  title;
SELECT language_id FROM film WHERE length = 123 GROUP BY release_year ORDER BY language_id;

SELECT  
  language_id  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
GROUP BY  
  release_year  
ORDER BY  
  language_id;
SELECT release_year FROM film WHERE length = 123 GROUP BY release_year ORDER BY release_year;

SELECT  
  release_year  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
GROUP BY  
  release_year  
ORDER BY  
  release_year;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length = 123 ORDER BY release_year ASC, language_id DESC;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
ORDER BY  
  release_year  ASC, language_id  DESC;
SELECT release_year FROM film WHERE length = 123 GROUP BY release_year ORDER BY release_year LIMIT 10;

SELECT  
  release_year  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
GROUP BY  
  release_year  
ORDER BY  
  release_year  
LIMIT  
  10;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length = 123 ORDER BY release_year LIMIT 10;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 123  
ORDER BY  
  release_year  
LIMIT  
  10;
SELECT * FROM film ORDER BY release_year LIMIT 10;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
ORDER BY  
  release_year  
LIMIT  
  10;
SELECT film_id FROM film ORDER BY release_year LIMIT 10;

SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  film  
ORDER BY  
  release_year  
LIMIT  
  10;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length > 100 ORDER BY length LIMIT 10;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100  
ORDER BY  
  LENGTH  
LIMIT  
  10;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length < 100 ORDER BY length LIMIT 10;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  < 100  
ORDER BY  
  LENGTH  
LIMIT  
  10;
SELECT * FROM customer WHERE address_id in (224,510) ORDER BY last_name;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  customer  
WHERE  
  address_id  in  (224, 510) 
ORDER BY  
  last_name;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE release_year = 2016 AND length != 1 ORDER BY title;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  release_year  = 2016  
  AND  LENGTH  != 1  
ORDER BY  
  title;
SELECT title FROM film WHERE release_year = 1995;

SELECT  
  title  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  release_year  = 1995;
SELECT title, replacement_cost FROM film WHERE language_id = 5 AND length = 70;

SELECT  
  title, replacement_cost  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  language_id  = 5  
  AND  LENGTH  = 70;
SELECT title FROM film WHERE language_id > 5 AND length > 70;

SELECT  
  title  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  language_id  > 5  
  AND  LENGTH  > 70;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length = 100 and title = 'xyz' ORDER BY release_year;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  = 100  
  AND  title  = 'xyz' 
ORDER BY  
  release_year;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length > 100 and title = 'xyz' ORDER BY release_year;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100  
  AND  title  = 'xyz' 
ORDER BY  
  release_year;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE length > 100 ORDER BY release_year;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100  
ORDER BY  
  release_year;
SELECT * FROM city a INNER JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  INNER JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id;
SELECT * FROM city a LEFT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  LEFT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id;
SELECT * FROM city a RIGHT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id;
SELECT * FROM city a LEFT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id WHERE b.last_update IS NULL;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  LEFT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id  
WHERE  
  b. last_update  IS  NULL;
SELECT * FROM city a RIGHT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id WHERE a.last_update IS NULL;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id  
WHERE  
  a. last_update  IS  NULL;
SELECT * FROM city a LEFT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id UNION SELECT * FROM city a RIGHT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  LEFT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id  
UNION  
SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id;
SELECT * FROM city a RIGHT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id WHERE a.last_update IS NULL UNION SELECT * FROM city a LEFT JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id WHERE b.last_update IS NULL;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id  
WHERE  
  a. last_update  IS  NULL  
UNION  
SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  a  
  LEFT JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id  
WHERE  
  b. last_update  IS  NULL;
SELECT country_id, last_update FROM city NATURAL JOIN country;

SELECT  
  country_id, last_update  
FROM  
  city  NATURAL  
  JOIN  country;
SELECT country_id, last_update FROM city NATURAL LEFT JOIN country;

SELECT  
  country_id, last_update  
FROM  
  city  NATURAL  
  LEFT JOIN  country;
SELECT country_id, last_update FROM city NATURAL RIGHT JOIN country;

SELECT  
  country_id, last_update  
FROM  
  city  NATURAL  
  RIGHT JOIN  country;
SELECT a.country_id, a.last_update FROM city a STRAIGHT_JOIN country b ON a.country_id=b.country_id;

SELECT  
  a. country_id, a. last_update  
FROM  
  city  a  STRAIGHT_JOIN  country  b  ON  a. country_id= b. country_id;
SELECT d.deptno,d.dname,d.loc FROM scott.dept d WHERE d.deptno IN  (SELECT e.deptno FROM scott.emp e);

SELECT  
  d. deptno, d. dname, d. loc  
FROM  
  scott. dept  d  
WHERE  
  d. deptno  IN  (
SELECT  
  e. deptno  
FROM  
  scott. emp  e);
SELECT visitor_id, url FROM (SELECT id FROM log WHERE ip="123.45.67.89" order by ts desc limit 50, 10) I JOIN log ON (I.id=log.id) JOIN url ON (url.id=log.url_id) order by TS desc;

SELECT  
  visitor_id, url  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  id  
FROM  
  LOG  
WHERE  
  ip= "123.45.67.89" 
ORDER BY  
  ts  desc  
LIMIT  
  50, 10) I  
  JOIN  LOG  ON  (I. id= LOG. id) 
  JOIN  url  ON  (url. id= LOG. url_id) 
ORDER BY  
  TS  desc;
DELETE city, country FROM city INNER JOIN country using (country_id) WHERE city.city_id = 1;
DELETE  city, country  
FROM  
  city  
  INNER JOIN  country  using  (country_id) 
WHERE  
  city. city_id  = 1;
DELETE city FROM city LEFT JOIN country ON city.country_id = country.country_id WHERE country.country IS NULL;
DELETE  city  
FROM  
  city  
  LEFT JOIN  country  ON  city. country_id  = country. country_id  
WHERE  
  country. country  IS  NULL;
DELETE a1, a2 FROM city AS a1 INNER JOIN country AS a2 WHERE a1.country_id=a2.country_id;
DELETE  a1, a2  
FROM  
  city  AS  a1  
  INNER JOIN  country  AS  a2  
WHERE  
  a1. country_id= a2. country_id;
DELETE FROM a1, a2 USING city AS a1 INNER JOIN country AS a2 WHERE a1.country_id=a2.country_id;

DELETE FROM  
  a1, a2  USING  city  AS  a1  
  INNER JOIN  country  AS  a2  
WHERE  
  a1. country_id= a2. country_id;
DELETE FROM film WHERE length > 100;

DELETE FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  LENGTH  > 100;
UPDATE city INNER JOIN country USING(country_id) SET city.city = 'Abha', city.last_update = '2006-02-15 04:45:25', country.country = 'Afghanistan' WHERE city.city_id=10;

UPDATE  
  city  
  INNER JOIN  country  USING( country_id) 
SET  
  city. city  = 'Abha', 
  city. last_update  = '2006-02-15 04:45:25', 
  country. country  = 'Afghanistan' 
WHERE  
  city. city_id= 10;
UPDATE city INNER JOIN country ON city.country_id = country.country_id INNER JOIN address ON city.city_id = address.city_id SET city.city = 'Abha', city.last_update = '2006-02-15 04:45:25', country.country = 'Afghanistan' WHERE city.city_id=10;

UPDATE  
  city  
  INNER JOIN  country  ON  city. country_id  = country. country_id  
  INNER JOIN  address  ON  city. city_id  = address. city_id  
SET  
  city. city  = 'Abha', 
  city. last_update  = '2006-02-15 04:45:25', 
  country. country  = 'Afghanistan' 
WHERE  
  city. city_id= 10;
UPDATE city, country SET city.city = 'Abha', city.last_update = '2006-02-15 04:45:25', country.country = 'Afghanistan' WHERE city.country_id = country.country_id AND city.city_id=10;

UPDATE  
  city, country  
SET  
  city. city  = 'Abha', 
  city. last_update  = '2006-02-15 04:45:25', 
  country. country  = 'Afghanistan' 
WHERE  
  city. country_id  = country. country_id  
  AND  city. city_id= 10;
UPDATE film SET length = 10 WHERE language_id = 20;

UPDATE  
  film  
SET  
  LENGTH  = 10  
WHERE  
  language_id  = 20;
INSERT INTO city (country_id) SELECT country_id FROM country;
INSERT  INTO  city  (country_id) 
SELECT  
  country_id  
FROM  
  country;
INSERT INTO city (country_id) VALUES (1),(2),(3);
INSERT  INTO  city  (country_id) 
VALUES  
  (1), 
  (2), 
  (3);
INSERT INTO city (country_id) VALUES (10);
INSERT  INTO  city  (country_id) 
VALUES  
  (10);
INSERT INTO city (country_id) SELECT 10 FROM DUAL;
INSERT  INTO  city  (country_id) 
SELECT  
  10  
FROM  
  DUAL;
REPLACE INTO city (country_id) SELECT country_id FROM country;
REPLACE  INTO  city  (country_id) 
SELECT  
  country_id  
FROM  
  country;
REPLACE INTO city (country_id) VALUES (1),(2),(3);
REPLACE  INTO  city  (country_id) 
VALUES  
  (1), 
  (2), 
  (3);
REPLACE INTO city (country_id) VALUES (10);
REPLACE  INTO  city  (country_id) 
VALUES  
  (10);
REPLACE INTO city (country_id) SELECT 10 FROM DUAL;
REPLACE  INTO  city  (country_id) 
SELECT  
  10  
FROM  
  DUAL;
SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM ( SELECT film_id FROM  film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film ) film;

SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  film_id  
FROM  
  film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film
) film;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE language_id = (SELECT language_id FROM language LIMIT 1);

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  language_id  = (
SELECT  
  language_id  
FROM  
  language  
LIMIT  
  1);
SELECT * FROM city i left JOIN country o ON i.city_id=o.country_id union SELECT * FROM city i right JOIN country o ON i.city_id=o.country_id;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  i  
  LEFT JOIN  country  o  ON  i. city_id= o. country_id  
UNION  
SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  i  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  o  ON  i. city_id= o. country_id;
SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM actor WHERE last_update='2006-02-15 04:34:33' and last_name='CHASE') t WHERE last_update='2006-02-15 04:34:33' and last_name='CHASE' GROUP BY first_name;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  actor  
WHERE  
  last_update= '2006-02-15 04:34:33' 
  AND  last_name= 'CHASE'
) t  
WHERE  
  last_update= '2006-02-15 04:34:33' 
  AND  last_name= 'CHASE' 
GROUP BY  
  first_name;
SELECT * FROM city i left JOIN country o ON i.city_id=o.country_id union SELECT * FROM city i right JOIN country o ON i.city_id=o.country_id;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  i  
  LEFT JOIN  country  o  ON  i. city_id= o. country_id  
UNION  
SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  i  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  o  ON  i. city_id= o. country_id;
SELECT * FROM city i left JOIN country o ON i.city_id=o.country_id WHERE o.country_id is null union SELECT * FROM city i right JOIN country o ON i.city_id=o.country_id WHERE i.city_id is null;

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  i  
  LEFT JOIN  country  o  ON  i. city_id= o. country_id  
WHERE  
  o. country_id  is  null  
UNION  
SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  city  i  
  RIGHT JOIN  country  o  ON  i. city_id= o. country_id  
WHERE  
  i. city_id  is  null;
SELECT first_name,last_name,email FROM customer STRAIGHT_JOIN address ON customer.address_id=address.address_id;

SELECT  
  first_name, last_name, email  
FROM  
  customer  STRAIGHT_JOIN  address  ON  customer. address_id= address. address_id;
SELECT ID,name FROM (SELECT address FROM customer_list WHERE SID=1 order by phone limit 50,10) a JOIN customer_list l ON (a.address=l.address) JOIN city c ON (c.city=l.city) order by phone desc;

SELECT  
  ID, name  
FROM  
  (
SELECT  
  address  
FROM  
  customer_list  
WHERE  
  SID= 1  
ORDER BY  
  phone  
LIMIT  
  50, 10) a  
  JOIN  customer_list  l  ON  (a. address= l. address) 
  JOIN  city  c  ON  (c. city= l. city) 
ORDER BY  
  phone  desc;
SELECT * FROM film WHERE date(last_update)='2006-02-15';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  DATE( last_update) = '2006-02-15';
SELECT last_update FROM film GROUP BY date(last_update);

SELECT  
  last_update  
FROM  
  film  
GROUP BY  
  DATE( last_update);
SELECT last_update FROM film order by date(last_update);

SELECT  
  last_update  
FROM  
  film  
ORDER BY  
  DATE( last_update);
SELECT description FROM film WHERE description IN('NEWS','asd') GROUP BY description;

SELECT  
  description  
FROM  
  film  
WHERE  
  description  IN( 'NEWS', 
  'asd'
) 
GROUP BY  
  description;
alter table address add index idx_city_id(city_id);

ALTER TABLE  
  address  
ADD  
  index  idx_city_id( city_id);
alter table inventory add index `idx_store_film` (`store_id`,`film_id`);

ALTER TABLE  
  inventory  
ADD  
  index  `idx_store_film` (
    `store_id`, `film_id`);
alter table inventory add index `idx_store_film` (`store_id`,`film_id`),add index `idx_store_film` (`store_id`,`film_id`),add index `idx_store_film` (`store_id`,`film_id`);

ALTER TABLE  
  inventory  
ADD  
  index  `idx_store_film` (
    `store_id`, `film_id`), 
      ADD  
      index  `idx_store_film` (
        `store_id`, `film_id`), 
              ADD  
          index  `idx_store_film` (
            `store_id`, `film_id`);
SELECT	DATE_FORMAT(t.atm, '%Y-%m-%d'),	COUNT(DISTINCT (t.usr))	FROM usr_terminal t WHERE t.atm > '2018-10-22 00:00:00'	AND t.agent LIKE '%Chrome%'	AND t.system = 'eip' GROUP BY DATE_FORMAT(t.atm, '%Y-%m-%d') ORDER BY DATE_FORMAT(t.atm, '%Y-%m-%d');

SELECT  
  DATE_FORMAT( t. atm, '%Y-%m-%d'
), 
COUNT( DISTINCT  (
  t. usr)) 
  FROM  
    usr_terminal  t  
  WHERE  
    t. atm  > '2018-10-22 00:00:00' 
    AND  t. agent  LIKE  '%Chrome%' 
    AND  t. system  = 'eip' 
  GROUP BY  
    DATE_FORMAT( t. atm, '%Y-%m-%d'
) 
ORDER BY  
  DATE_FORMAT( t. atm, '%Y-%m-%d'
);
create table hello.t (id int unsigned);
create  table  hello. t  (id  int  unsigned);
select * from tb where data >= '';

SELECT  
  * 
FROM  
  tb  
WHERE  
  data  >= '';
alter table tb alter column id drop default;

ALTER TABLE  
  tb  alter  column  id  
DROP  
  DEFAULT;