## Appendix C. SQL Key Words

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[Table C.1](sql-keywords-appendix.html#KEYWORDS-TABLE) lists all tokens that are key words in the SQL standard and in PostgreSQL 14.2. Background information can be found in [Section 4.1.1](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS). (For space reasons, only the latest two versions of the SQL standard, and SQL-92 for historical comparison, are included. The differences between those and the other intermediate standard versions are small.)

 SQL distinguishes between *reserved* and *non-reserved* key words. According to the standard, reserved key words are the only real key words; they are never allowed as identifiers. Non-reserved key words only have a special meaning in particular contexts and can be used as identifiers in other contexts. Most non-reserved key words are actually the names of built-in tables and functions specified by SQL. The concept of non-reserved key words essentially only exists to declare that some predefined meaning is attached to a word in some contexts.

 In the PostgreSQL parser, life is a bit more complicated. There are several different classes of tokens ranging from those that can never be used as an identifier to those that have absolutely no special status in the parser, but are considered ordinary identifiers. (The latter is usually the case for functions specified by SQL.) Even reserved key words are not completely reserved in PostgreSQL, but can be used as column labels (for example, `SELECT 55 AS CHECK`, even though `CHECK` is a reserved key word).

 In [Table C.1](sql-keywords-appendix.html#KEYWORDS-TABLE) in the column for PostgreSQL we classify as “non-reserved” those key words that are explicitly known to the parser but are allowed as column or table names. Some key words that are otherwise non-reserved cannot be used as function or data type names and are marked accordingly. (Most of these words represent built-in functions or data types with special syntax. The function or type is still available but it cannot be redefined by the user.) Labeled “reserved” are those tokens that are not allowed as column or table names. Some reserved key words are allowable as names for functions or data types; this is also shown in the table. If not so marked, a reserved key word is only allowed as a column label. A blank entry in this column means that the word is treated as an ordinary identifier by PostgreSQL.

 Furthermore, while most key words can be used as “bare” column labels without writing `AS` before them (as described in [Section 7.3.2](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-COLUMN-LABELS)), there are a few that require a leading `AS` to avoid ambiguity. These are marked in the table as “requires `AS`”.

 As a general rule, if you get spurious parser errors for commands that use any of the listed key words as an identifier, you should try quoting the identifier to see if the problem goes away.

 It is important to understand before studying [Table C.1](sql-keywords-appendix.html#KEYWORDS-TABLE) that the fact that a key word is not reserved in PostgreSQL does not mean that the feature related to the word is not implemented. Conversely, the presence of a key word does not indicate the existence of a feature.

**Table C.1. SQL Key Words**

|               Key Word               |                       PostgreSQL                       |  SQL:2016  |  SQL:2011  |   SQL-92   |
|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------|------------|------------|
|                 `A`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `ABORT`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `ABS`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `ABSENT`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `ABSOLUTE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `ACCESS`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `ACCORDING`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `ACOS`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `ACTION`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `ADA`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `ADD`                 |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `ADMIN`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `AFTER`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `AGGREGATE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `ALL`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `ALLOCATE`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ALSO`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `ALTER`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `ALWAYS`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `ANALYSE`               |                        reserved                        |            |            |            |
|              `ANALYZE`               |                        reserved                        |            |            |            |
|                `AND`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ANY`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ARE`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `ARRAY`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `ARRAY_AGG`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|      `ARRAY_​MAX_​CARDINALITY`       |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                 `AS`                 |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ASC`                 |                        reserved                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `ASENSITIVE`             |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `ASIN`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `ASSERTION`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `ASSIGNMENT`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `ASYMMETRIC`             |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                 `AT`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ATAN`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `ATOMIC`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `ATTACH`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `ATTRIBUTE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `ATTRIBUTES`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|           `AUTHORIZATION`            |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `AVG`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `BACKWARD`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `BASE64`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `BEFORE`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `BEGIN`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|            `BEGIN_FRAME`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|          `BEGIN_PARTITION`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `BERNOULLI`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `BETWEEN`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `BIGINT`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `BINARY`               |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `BIT`                 |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |            |            |  reserved  |
|             `BIT_LENGTH`             |                                                        |            |            |  reserved  |
|                `BLOB`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `BLOCKED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `BOM`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `BOOLEAN`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `BOTH`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `BREADTH`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                 `BY`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `C`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `CACHE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `CALL`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `CALLED`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CARDINALITY`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `CASCADE`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `CASCADED`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `CASE`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `CAST`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `CATALOG`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|            `CATALOG_NAME`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `CEIL`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `CEILING`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `CHAIN`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `CHAINING`              |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `CHAR`                |non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires `AS`|  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `CHARACTER`              |non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires `AS`|  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|          `CHARACTERISTICS`           |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `CHARACTERS`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|          `CHARACTER_LENGTH`          |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|      `CHARACTER_​SET_​CATALOG`       |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|         `CHARACTER_SET_NAME`         |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|        `CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA`        |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|            `CHAR_LENGTH`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `CHECK`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `CHECKPOINT`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `CLASS`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `CLASSIFIER`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|            `CLASS_ORIGIN`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `CLOB`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `CLOSE`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `CLUSTER`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `COALESCE`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `COBOL`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `COLLATE`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `COLLATION`              |           reserved (can be function or type)           |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|         `COLLATION_CATALOG`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|           `COLLATION_NAME`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|          `COLLATION_SCHEMA`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `COLLECT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `COLUMN`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `COLUMNS`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `COLUMN_NAME`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|          `COMMAND_FUNCTION`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|      `COMMAND_​FUNCTION_​CODE`       |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `COMMENT`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `COMMENTS`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `COMMIT`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `COMMITTED`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|            `COMPRESSION`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|            `CONCURRENTLY`            |           reserved (can be function or type)           |            |            |            |
|             `CONDITION`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CONDITIONAL`             |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|          `CONDITION_NUMBER`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|           `CONFIGURATION`            |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `CONFLICT`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `CONNECT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `CONNECTION`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|          `CONNECTION_NAME`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|             `CONSTRAINT`             |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|            `CONSTRAINTS`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|         `CONSTRAINT_CATALOG`         |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|          `CONSTRAINT_NAME`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|         `CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|            `CONSTRUCTOR`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `CONTAINS`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `CONTENT`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `CONTINUE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `CONTROL`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `CONVERSION`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `CONVERT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `COPY`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `CORR`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `CORRESPONDING`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `COS`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `COSH`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `COST`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `COUNT`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `COVAR_POP`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `COVAR_SAMP`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `CREATE`               |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `CROSS`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `CSV`                 |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `CUBE`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `CUME_DIST`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `CURRENT`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|          `CURRENT_CATALOG`           |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CURRENT_DATE`            |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
| `CURRENT_​DEFAULT_​TRANSFORM_​GROUP` |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CURRENT_PATH`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CURRENT_ROLE`            |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CURRENT_ROW`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `CURRENT_SCHEMA`           |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CURRENT_TIME`            |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|         `CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`          |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|`CURRENT_​TRANSFORM_​GROUP_​FOR_​TYPE`|                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `CURRENT_USER`            |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `CURSOR`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|            `CURSOR_NAME`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `CYCLE`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `DATA`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `DATABASE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `DATALINK`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `DATE`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|      `DATETIME_​INTERVAL_​CODE`      |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|   `DATETIME_​INTERVAL_​PRECISION`    |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `DAY`                 |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `DB`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `DEALLOCATE`             |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `DEC`                 |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `DECFLOAT`              |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `DECIMAL`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `DECLARE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `DEFAULT`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `DEFAULTS`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `DEFERRABLE`             |                        reserved                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `DEFERRED`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `DEFINE`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `DEFINED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `DEFINER`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `DEGREE`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `DELETE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `DELIMITER`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `DELIMITERS`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `DENSE_RANK`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `DEPENDS`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `DEPTH`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `DEREF`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `DERIVED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `DESC`                |                        reserved                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `DESCRIBE`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `DESCRIPTOR`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `DETACH`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|           `DETERMINISTIC`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `DIAGNOSTICS`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `DICTIONARY`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `DISABLE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `DISCARD`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `DISCONNECT`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `DISPATCH`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `DISTINCT`              |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `DLNEWCOPY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `DLPREVIOUSCOPY`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `DLURLCOMPLETE`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|         `DLURLCOMPLETEONLY`          |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|         `DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE`         |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `DLURLPATH`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `DLURLPATHONLY`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `DLURLPATHWRITE`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `DLURLSCHEME`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `DLURLSERVER`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `DLVALUE`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                 `DO`                 |                        reserved                        |            |            |            |
|              `DOCUMENT`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `DOMAIN`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `DOUBLE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `DROP`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `DYNAMIC`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|          `DYNAMIC_FUNCTION`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|      `DYNAMIC_​FUNCTION_​CODE`       |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `EACH`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `ELEMENT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `ELSE`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `EMPTY`                |                                                        |  reserved  |non-reserved|            |
|               `ENABLE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `ENCODING`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `ENCRYPTED`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `END`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `END-EXEC`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `END_FRAME`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `END_PARTITION`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `ENFORCED`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `ENUM`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `EQUALS`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `ERROR`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `ESCAPE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `EVENT`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `EVERY`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `EXCEPT`               |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `EXCEPTION`              |                                                        |            |            |  reserved  |
|              `EXCLUDE`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `EXCLUDING`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `EXCLUSIVE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `EXEC`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `EXECUTE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `EXISTS`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `EXP`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `EXPLAIN`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `EXPRESSION`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `EXTENSION`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `EXTERNAL`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `EXTRACT`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `FALSE`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `FAMILY`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `FETCH`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `FILE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `FILTER`               |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `FINAL`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `FINALIZE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `FINISH`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `FIRST`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|            `FIRST_VALUE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `FLAG`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `FLOAT`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `FLOOR`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `FOLLOWING`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `FOR`                 |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `FORCE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `FOREIGN`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `FORMAT`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|              `FORTRAN`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `FORWARD`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `FOUND`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `FRAME_ROW`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `FREE`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `FREEZE`               |           reserved (can be function or type)           |            |            |            |
|                `FROM`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `FS`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `FULFILL`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `FULL`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `FUNCTION`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `FUNCTIONS`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `FUSION`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                 `G`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `GENERAL`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `GENERATED`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `GET`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `GLOBAL`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `GO`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `GOTO`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `GRANT`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `GRANTED`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `GREATEST`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |            |            |            |
|               `GROUP`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `GROUPING`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `GROUPS`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `HANDLER`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `HAVING`               |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `HEADER`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `HEX`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `HIERARCHY`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `HOLD`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `HOUR`                |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `ID`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `IDENTITY`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `IF`                 |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `IGNORE`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `ILIKE`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |            |            |            |
|             `IMMEDIATE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|            `IMMEDIATELY`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `IMMUTABLE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|           `IMPLEMENTATION`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `IMPLICIT`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `IMPORT`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                 `IN`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `INCLUDE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `INCLUDING`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `INCREMENT`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `INDENT`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `INDEX`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `INDEXES`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `INDICATOR`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `INHERIT`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `INHERITS`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `INITIAL`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `INITIALLY`              |                        reserved                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `INLINE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `INNER`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `INOUT`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `INPUT`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|            `INSENSITIVE`             |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `INSERT`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `INSTANCE`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `INSTANTIABLE`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `INSTEAD`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `INT`                 |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `INTEGER`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `INTEGRITY`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `INTERSECT`              |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|            `INTERSECTION`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `INTERVAL`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `INTO`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `INVOKER`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                 `IS`                 |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `ISNULL`               |   reserved (can be function or type), requires `AS`    |            |            |            |
|             `ISOLATION`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `JOIN`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `JSON`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|             `JSON_ARRAY`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|           `JSON_ARRAYAGG`            |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|            `JSON_EXISTS`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|            `JSON_OBJECT`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|           `JSON_OBJECTAGG`           |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `JSON_QUERY`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `JSON_TABLE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|        `JSON_TABLE_PRIMITIVE`        |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `JSON_VALUE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                 `K`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `KEEP`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `KEY`                 |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `KEYS`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|             `KEY_MEMBER`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `KEY_TYPE`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `LABEL`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `LAG`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `LANGUAGE`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `LARGE`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `LAST`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `LAST_VALUE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `LATERAL`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `LEAD`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `LEADING`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `LEAKPROOF`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `LEAST`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |            |            |            |
|                `LEFT`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `LENGTH`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `LEVEL`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `LIBRARY`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `LIKE`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `LIKE_REGEX`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `LIMIT`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `LINK`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `LISTAGG`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `LISTEN`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                 `LN`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `LOAD`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `LOCAL`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `LOCALTIME`              |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `LOCALTIMESTAMP`           |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `LOCATION`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `LOCATOR`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `LOCK`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `LOCKED`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `LOG`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `LOG10`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `LOGGED`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `LOWER`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `M`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `MAP`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `MAPPING`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `MATCH`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `MATCHED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `MATCHES`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|            `MATCH_NUMBER`            |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|          `MATCH_RECOGNIZE`           |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|            `MATERIALIZED`            |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `MAX`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `MAXVALUE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `MEASURES`              |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `MEMBER`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `MERGE`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `MESSAGE_LENGTH`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|        `MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH`        |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|            `MESSAGE_TEXT`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `METHOD`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `MIN`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `MINUTE`               |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `MINVALUE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `MOD`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `MODE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `MODIFIES`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `MODULE`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `MONTH`                |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `MORE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `MOVE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `MULTISET`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `MUMPS`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `NAME`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `NAMES`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `NAMESPACE`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `NATIONAL`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `NATURAL`               |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `NCHAR`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `NCLOB`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `NESTED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|              `NESTING`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `NEW`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `NEXT`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `NFC`                 |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `NFD`                 |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `NFKC`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `NFKD`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `NIL`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                 `NO`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `NONE`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `NORMALIZE`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `NORMALIZED`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `NOT`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `NOTHING`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `NOTIFY`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `NOTNULL`               |   reserved (can be function or type), requires `AS`    |            |            |            |
|               `NOWAIT`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `NTH_VALUE`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `NTILE`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `NULL`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `NULLABLE`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `NULLIF`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `NULLS`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `NUMBER`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `NUMERIC`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `OBJECT`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|         `OCCURRENCES_REGEX`          |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `OCTETS`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `OCTET_LENGTH`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `OF`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `OFF`                 |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `OFFSET`               |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `OIDS`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `OLD`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `OMIT`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                 `ON`                 |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ONE`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `ONLY`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `OPEN`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `OPERATOR`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `OPTION`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `OPTIONS`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                 `OR`                 |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `ORDER`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `ORDERING`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `ORDINALITY`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `OTHERS`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `OUT`                 |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `OUTER`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `OUTPUT`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `OVER`                |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `OVERFLOW`              |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|              `OVERLAPS`              |   reserved (can be function or type), requires `AS`    |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `OVERLAY`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `OVERRIDING`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `OWNED`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `OWNER`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                 `P`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `PAD`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `PARALLEL`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `PARAMETER`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `PARAMETER_MODE`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|           `PARAMETER_NAME`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|    `PARAMETER_​ORDINAL_​POSITION`    |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|    `PARAMETER_​SPECIFIC_​CATALOG`    |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|     `PARAMETER_​SPECIFIC_​NAME`      |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|    `PARAMETER_​SPECIFIC_​SCHEMA`     |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `PARSER`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `PARTIAL`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `PARTITION`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `PASCAL`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `PASS`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|              `PASSING`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `PASSTHROUGH`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `PASSWORD`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `PAST`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `PATH`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `PATTERN`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `PER`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `PERCENT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|          `PERCENTILE_CONT`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|          `PERCENTILE_DISC`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `PERCENT_RANK`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `PERIOD`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `PERMISSION`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `PERMUTE`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `PLACING`               |                        reserved                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `PLAN`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `PLANS`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `PLI`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `POLICY`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `PORTION`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `POSITION`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|           `POSITION_REGEX`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `POWER`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `PRECEDES`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `PRECEDING`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `PRECISION`              |non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires `AS`|  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `PREPARE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `PREPARED`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `PRESERVE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `PRIMARY`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `PRIOR`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `PRIVATE`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|             `PRIVILEGES`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|             `PROCEDURAL`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `PROCEDURE`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `PROCEDURES`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `PROGRAM`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `PRUNE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `PTF`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `PUBLIC`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|            `PUBLICATION`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `QUOTE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `QUOTES`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `RANGE`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `RANK`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `READ`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `READS`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `REAL`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `REASSIGN`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `RECHECK`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `RECOVERY`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `RECURSIVE`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `REF`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `REFERENCES`             |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|            `REFERENCING`             |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `REFRESH`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `REGR_AVGX`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `REGR_AVGY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `REGR_COUNT`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `REGR_INTERCEPT`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `REGR_R2`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `REGR_SLOPE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `REGR_SXX`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `REGR_SXY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `REGR_SYY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `REINDEX`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `RELATIVE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `RELEASE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `RENAME`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `REPEATABLE`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `REPLACE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `REPLICA`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `REQUIRING`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `RESET`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `RESPECT`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `RESTART`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `RESTORE`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `RESTRICT`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `RESULT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `RETURN`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|        `RETURNED_CARDINALITY`        |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|          `RETURNED_LENGTH`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|      `RETURNED_​OCTET_​LENGTH`       |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|         `RETURNED_SQLSTATE`          |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|             `RETURNING`              |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `RETURNS`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `REVOKE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `RIGHT`                |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `ROLE`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `ROLLBACK`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `ROLLUP`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `ROUTINE`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `ROUTINES`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|          `ROUTINE_CATALOG`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `ROUTINE_NAME`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|           `ROUTINE_SCHEMA`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `ROW`                 |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `ROWS`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `ROW_COUNT`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|             `ROW_NUMBER`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `RULE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `RUNNING`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `SAVEPOINT`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `SCALAR`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `SCALE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `SCHEMA`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `SCHEMAS`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|            `SCHEMA_NAME`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `SCOPE`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `SCOPE_CATALOG`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `SCOPE_NAME`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `SCOPE_SCHEMA`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `SCROLL`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `SEARCH`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `SECOND`               |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `SECTION`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `SECURITY`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `SEEK`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|               `SELECT`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `SELECTIVE`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `SELF`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `SENSITIVE`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `SEQUENCE`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `SEQUENCES`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|            `SERIALIZABLE`            |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `SERVER`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `SERVER_NAME`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|              `SESSION`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|            `SESSION_USER`            |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `SET`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `SETOF`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |            |            |            |
|                `SETS`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `SHARE`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `SHOW`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `SIMILAR`               |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `SIMPLE`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `SIN`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `SINH`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `SIZE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `SKIP`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `SMALLINT`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `SNAPSHOT`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `SOME`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `SOURCE`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `SPACE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `SPECIFIC`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `SPECIFICTYPE`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `SPECIFIC_NAME`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `SQL`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `SQLCODE`               |                                                        |            |            |  reserved  |
|              `SQLERROR`              |                                                        |            |            |  reserved  |
|            `SQLEXCEPTION`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `SQLSTATE`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `SQLWARNING`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `SQRT`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `STABLE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `STANDALONE`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `START`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `STATE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `STATEMENT`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `STATIC`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `STATISTICS`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `STDDEV_POP`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `STDDEV_SAMP`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `STDIN`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `STDOUT`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `STORAGE`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `STORED`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `STRICT`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `STRING`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `STRIP`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `STRUCTURE`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `STYLE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|          `SUBCLASS_ORIGIN`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|            `SUBMULTISET`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `SUBSCRIPTION`            |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `SUBSET`               |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|             `SUBSTRING`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|          `SUBSTRING_REGEX`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `SUCCEEDS`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `SUM`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `SUPPORT`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `SYMMETRIC`              |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `SYSID`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `SYSTEM`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `SYSTEM_TIME`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `SYSTEM_USER`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `T`                  |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `TABLE`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `TABLES`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|            `TABLESAMPLE`             |           reserved (can be function or type)           |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `TABLESPACE`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `TABLE_NAME`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|                `TAN`                 |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `TANH`                |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|                `TEMP`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `TEMPLATE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `TEMPORARY`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `TEXT`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `THEN`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `THROUGH`               |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `TIES`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `TIME`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `TIMESTAMP`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|           `TIMEZONE_HOUR`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|          `TIMEZONE_MINUTE`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                 `TO`                 |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `TOKEN`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|          `TOP_LEVEL_COUNT`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `TRAILING`              |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|            `TRANSACTION`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|      `TRANSACTIONS_​COMMITTED`       |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|     `TRANSACTIONS_​ROLLED_​BACK`     |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|         `TRANSACTION_ACTIVE`         |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `TRANSFORM`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `TRANSFORMS`             |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `TRANSLATE`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|          `TRANSLATE_REGEX`           |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `TRANSLATION`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `TREAT`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `TRIGGER`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|          `TRIGGER_CATALOG`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `TRIGGER_NAME`            |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|           `TRIGGER_SCHEMA`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `TRIM`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `TRIM_ARRAY`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `TRUE`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `TRUNCATE`              |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `TRUSTED`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `TYPE`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `TYPES`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `UESCAPE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `UNBOUNDED`              |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `UNCOMMITTED`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|           `UNCONDITIONAL`            |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `UNDER`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `UNENCRYPTED`             |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `UNION`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `UNIQUE`               |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `UNKNOWN`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `UNLINK`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `UNLISTEN`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `UNLOGGED`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `UNMATCHED`              |                                                        |  reserved  |            |            |
|              `UNNAMED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|non-reserved|
|               `UNNEST`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `UNTIL`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `UNTYPED`               |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `UPDATE`               |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `UPPER`                |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `URI`                 |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `USAGE`                |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `USER`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|    `USER_​DEFINED_​TYPE_​CATALOG`    |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|     `USER_​DEFINED_​TYPE_​CODE`      |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|     `USER_​DEFINED_​TYPE_​NAME`      |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|    `USER_​DEFINED_​TYPE_​SCHEMA`     |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `USING`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `UTF16`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `UTF32`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|                `UTF8`                |                                                        |non-reserved|            |            |
|               `VACUUM`               |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `VALID`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|              `VALIDATE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|             `VALIDATOR`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|               `VALUE`                |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `VALUES`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `VALUE_OF`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `VARBINARY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `VARCHAR`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `VARIADIC`              |                        reserved                        |            |            |            |
|              `VARYING`               |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `VAR_POP`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `VAR_SAMP`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `VERBOSE`               |           reserved (can be function or type)           |            |            |            |
|              `VERSION`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|             `VERSIONING`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `VIEW`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|               `VIEWS`                |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|              `VOLATILE`              |                      non-reserved                      |            |            |            |
|                `WHEN`                |                        reserved                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|              `WHENEVER`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `WHERE`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|             `WHITESPACE`             |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `WIDTH_BUCKET`            |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `WINDOW`               |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `WITH`                |                reserved, requires `AS`                 |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|               `WITHIN`               |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `WITHOUT`               |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `WORK`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|              `WRAPPER`               |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|               `WRITE`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |
|                `XML`                 |                      non-reserved                      |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `XMLAGG`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `XMLATTRIBUTES`            |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLBINARY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `XMLCAST`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLCOMMENT`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLCONCAT`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `XMLDECLARATION`           |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `XMLDOCUMENT`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLELEMENT`             |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLEXISTS`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLFOREST`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|             `XMLITERATE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|           `XMLNAMESPACES`            |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `XMLPARSE`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|               `XMLPI`                |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `XMLQUERY`              |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `XMLROOT`               |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |            |            |            |
|             `XMLSCHEMA`              |                                                        |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|            `XMLSERIALIZE`            |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `XMLTABLE`              |       non-reserved (cannot be function or type)        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|              `XMLTEXT`               |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|            `XMLVALIDATE`             |                                                        |  reserved  |  reserved  |            |
|                `YEAR`                |              non-reserved, requires `AS`               |  reserved  |  reserved  |  reserved  |
|                `YES`                 |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|            |
|                `ZONE`                |                      non-reserved                      |non-reserved|non-reserved|  reserved  |

