ruby.js

/*
Language: Ruby
Description: Ruby is a dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity.
Website: https://www.ruby-lang.org/
Author: Anton Kovalyov <anton@kovalyov.net>
Contributors: Peter Leonov <gojpeg@yandex.ru>, Vasily Polovnyov <vast@whiteants.net>, Loren Segal <lsegal@soen.ca>, Pascal Hurni <phi@ruby-reactive.org>, Cedric Sohrauer <sohrauer@googlemail.com>
Category: common
*/

function ruby(hljs) {
  const regex = hljs.regex;
  const RUBY_METHOD_RE = '([a-zA-Z_]\\w*[!?=]?|[-+~]@|<<|>>|=~|===?|<=>|[<>]=?|\\*\\*|[-/+%^&*~`|]|\\[\\]=?)';
  // TODO: move concepts like CAMEL_CASE into `modes.js`
  const CLASS_NAME_RE = regex.either(
    /\b([A-Z]+[a-z0-9]+)+/,
    // ends in caps
    /\b([A-Z]+[a-z0-9]+)+[A-Z]+/,
  )
  ;
  const CLASS_NAME_WITH_NAMESPACE_RE = regex.concat(CLASS_NAME_RE, /(::\w+)*/);
  // very popular ruby built-ins that one might even assume
  // are actual keywords (despite that not being the case)
  const PSEUDO_KWS = [
    "include",
    "extend",
    "prepend",
    "public",
    "private",
    "protected",
    "raise",
    "throw"
  ];
  const RUBY_KEYWORDS = {
    "variable.constant": [
      "__FILE__",
      "__LINE__",
      "__ENCODING__"
    ],
    "variable.language": [
      "self",
      "super",
    ],
    keyword: [
      "alias",
      "and",
      "begin",
      "BEGIN",
      "break",
      "case",
      "class",
      "defined",
      "do",
      "else",
      "elsif",
      "end",
      "END",
      "ensure",
      "for",
      "if",
      "in",
      "module",
      "next",
      "not",
      "or",
      "redo",
      "require",
      "rescue",
      "retry",
      "return",
      "then",
      "undef",
      "unless",
      "until",
      "when",
      "while",
      "yield",
      ...PSEUDO_KWS
    ],
    built_in: [
      "proc",
      "lambda",
      "attr_accessor",
      "attr_reader",
      "attr_writer",
      "define_method",
      "private_constant",
      "module_function"
    ],
    literal: [
      "true",
      "false",
      "nil"
    ]
  };
  const YARDOCTAG = {
    className: 'doctag',
    begin: '@[A-Za-z]+'
  };
  const IRB_OBJECT = {
    begin: '#<',
    end: '>'
  };
  const COMMENT_MODES = [
    hljs.COMMENT(
      '#',
      '$',
      { contains: [ YARDOCTAG ] }
    ),
    hljs.COMMENT(
      '^=begin',
      '^=end',
      {
        contains: [ YARDOCTAG ],
        relevance: 10
      }
    ),
    hljs.COMMENT('^__END__', hljs.MATCH_NOTHING_RE)
  ];
  const SUBST = {
    className: 'subst',
    begin: /#\{/,
    end: /\}/,
    keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS
  };
  const STRING = {
    className: 'string',
    contains: [
      hljs.BACKSLASH_ESCAPE,
      SUBST
    ],
    variants: [
      {
        begin: /'/,
        end: /'/
      },
      {
        begin: /"/,
        end: /"/
      },
      {
        begin: /`/,
        end: /`/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?\(/,
        end: /\)/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?\[/,
        end: /\]/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?\{/,
        end: /\}/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?</,
        end: />/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?\//,
        end: /\//
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?%/,
        end: /%/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?-/,
        end: /-/
      },
      {
        begin: /%[qQwWx]?\|/,
        end: /\|/
      },
      // in the following expressions, \B in the beginning suppresses recognition of ?-sequences
      // where ? is the last character of a preceding identifier, as in: `func?4`
      { begin: /\B\?(\\\d{1,3})/ },
      { begin: /\B\?(\\x[A-Fa-f0-9]{1,2})/ },
      { begin: /\B\?(\\u\{?[A-Fa-f0-9]{1,6}\}?)/ },
      { begin: /\B\?(\\M-\\C-|\\M-\\c|\\c\\M-|\\M-|\\C-\\M-)[\x20-\x7e]/ },
      { begin: /\B\?\\(c|C-)[\x20-\x7e]/ },
      { begin: /\B\?\\?\S/ },
      // heredocs
      {
        // this guard makes sure that we have an entire heredoc and not a false
        // positive (auto-detect, etc.)
        begin: regex.concat(
          /<<[-~]?'?/,
          regex.lookahead(/(\w+)(?=\W)[^\n]*\n(?:[^\n]*\n)*?\s*\1\b/)
        ),
        contains: [
          hljs.END_SAME_AS_BEGIN({
            begin: /(\w+)/,
            end: /(\w+)/,
            contains: [
              hljs.BACKSLASH_ESCAPE,
              SUBST
            ]
          })
        ]
      }
    ]
  };

  // Ruby syntax is underdocumented, but this grammar seems to be accurate
  // as of version 2.7.2 (confirmed with (irb and `Ripper.sexp(...)`)
  // https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/2.7.0/doc/syntax/literals_rdoc.html#label-Numbers
  const decimal = '[1-9](_?[0-9])*|0';
  const digits = '[0-9](_?[0-9])*';
  const NUMBER = {
    className: 'number',
    relevance: 0,
    variants: [
      // decimal integer/float, optionally exponential or rational, optionally imaginary
      { begin: `\\b(${decimal})(\\.(${digits}))?([eE][+-]?(${digits})|r)?i?\\b` },

      // explicit decimal/binary/octal/hexadecimal integer,
      // optionally rational and/or imaginary
      { begin: "\\b0[dD][0-9](_?[0-9])*r?i?\\b" },
      { begin: "\\b0[bB][0-1](_?[0-1])*r?i?\\b" },
      { begin: "\\b0[oO][0-7](_?[0-7])*r?i?\\b" },
      { begin: "\\b0[xX][0-9a-fA-F](_?[0-9a-fA-F])*r?i?\\b" },

      // 0-prefixed implicit octal integer, optionally rational and/or imaginary
      { begin: "\\b0(_?[0-7])+r?i?\\b" }
    ]
  };

  const PARAMS = {
    variants: [
      {
        match: /\(\)/,
      },
      {
        className: 'params',
        begin: /\(/,
        end: /(?=\))/,
        excludeBegin: true,
        endsParent: true,
        keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS,
      }
    ]
  };

  const INCLUDE_EXTEND = {
    match: [
      /(include|extend)\s+/,
      CLASS_NAME_WITH_NAMESPACE_RE
    ],
    scope: {
      2: "title.class"
    },
    keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS
  };

  const CLASS_DEFINITION = {
    variants: [
      {
        match: [
          /class\s+/,
          CLASS_NAME_WITH_NAMESPACE_RE,
          /\s+<\s+/,
          CLASS_NAME_WITH_NAMESPACE_RE
        ]
      },
      {
        match: [
          /\b(class|module)\s+/,
          CLASS_NAME_WITH_NAMESPACE_RE
        ]
      }
    ],
    scope: {
      2: "title.class",
      4: "title.class.inherited"
    },
    keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS
  };

  const UPPER_CASE_CONSTANT = {
    relevance: 0,
    match: /\b[A-Z][A-Z_0-9]+\b/,
    className: "variable.constant"
  };

  const METHOD_DEFINITION = {
    match: [
      /def/, /\s+/,
      RUBY_METHOD_RE
    ],
    scope: {
      1: "keyword",
      3: "title.function"
    },
    contains: [
      PARAMS
    ]
  };

  const OBJECT_CREATION = {
    relevance: 0,
    match: [
      CLASS_NAME_WITH_NAMESPACE_RE,
      /\.new[. (]/
    ],
    scope: {
      1: "title.class"
    }
  };

  // CamelCase
  const CLASS_REFERENCE = {
    relevance: 0,
    match: CLASS_NAME_RE,
    scope: "title.class"
  };

  const RUBY_DEFAULT_CONTAINS = [
    STRING,
    CLASS_DEFINITION,
    INCLUDE_EXTEND,
    OBJECT_CREATION,
    UPPER_CASE_CONSTANT,
    CLASS_REFERENCE,
    METHOD_DEFINITION,
    {
      // swallow namespace qualifiers before symbols
      begin: hljs.IDENT_RE + '::' },
    {
      className: 'symbol',
      begin: hljs.UNDERSCORE_IDENT_RE + '(!|\\?)?:',
      relevance: 0
    },
    {
      className: 'symbol',
      begin: ':(?!\\s)',
      contains: [
        STRING,
        { begin: RUBY_METHOD_RE }
      ],
      relevance: 0
    },
    NUMBER,
    {
      // negative-look forward attempts to prevent false matches like:
      // @ident@ or $ident$ that might indicate this is not ruby at all
      className: "variable",
      begin: '(\\$\\W)|((\\$|@@?)(\\w+))(?=[^@$?])' + `(?![A-Za-z])(?![@$?'])`
    },
    {
      className: 'params',
      begin: /\|/,
      end: /\|/,
      excludeBegin: true,
      excludeEnd: true,
      relevance: 0, // this could be a lot of things (in other languages) other than params
      keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS
    },
    { // regexp container
      begin: '(' + hljs.RE_STARTERS_RE + '|unless)\\s*',
      keywords: 'unless',
      contains: [
        {
          className: 'regexp',
          contains: [
            hljs.BACKSLASH_ESCAPE,
            SUBST
          ],
          illegal: /\n/,
          variants: [
            {
              begin: '/',
              end: '/[a-z]*'
            },
            {
              begin: /%r\{/,
              end: /\}[a-z]*/
            },
            {
              begin: '%r\\(',
              end: '\\)[a-z]*'
            },
            {
              begin: '%r!',
              end: '![a-z]*'
            },
            {
              begin: '%r\\[',
              end: '\\][a-z]*'
            }
          ]
        }
      ].concat(IRB_OBJECT, COMMENT_MODES),
      relevance: 0
    }
  ].concat(IRB_OBJECT, COMMENT_MODES);

  SUBST.contains = RUBY_DEFAULT_CONTAINS;
  PARAMS.contains = RUBY_DEFAULT_CONTAINS;

  // >>
  // ?>
  const SIMPLE_PROMPT = "[>?]>";
  // irb(main):001:0>
  const DEFAULT_PROMPT = "[\\w#]+\\(\\w+\\):\\d+:\\d+[>*]";
  const RVM_PROMPT = "(\\w+-)?\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+(p\\d+)?[^\\d][^>]+>";

  const IRB_DEFAULT = [
    {
      begin: /^\s*=>/,
      starts: {
        end: '$',
        contains: RUBY_DEFAULT_CONTAINS
      }
    },
    {
      className: 'meta.prompt',
      begin: '^(' + SIMPLE_PROMPT + "|" + DEFAULT_PROMPT + '|' + RVM_PROMPT + ')(?=[ ])',
      starts: {
        end: '$',
        keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS,
        contains: RUBY_DEFAULT_CONTAINS
      }
    }
  ];

  COMMENT_MODES.unshift(IRB_OBJECT);

  return {
    name: 'Ruby',
    aliases: [
      'rb',
      'gemspec',
      'podspec',
      'thor',
      'irb'
    ],
    keywords: RUBY_KEYWORDS,
    illegal: /\/\*/,
    contains: [ hljs.SHEBANG({ binary: "ruby" }) ]
      .concat(IRB_DEFAULT)
      .concat(COMMENT_MODES)
      .concat(RUBY_DEFAULT_CONTAINS)
  };
}

module.exports = ruby;