Add global mem_cgroup_root_css which points to the root memcg css.
This will be used by cgroup writeback support.  If memcg is disabled,
it's defined as ERR_PTR(-EINVAL).
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
aCc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

When modifying PG_Dirty on cached file pages, update the new
MEM_CGROUP_STAT_DIRTY counter.  This is done in the same places where
global NR_FILE_DIRTY is managed.  The new memcg stat is visible in the
per memcg memory.stat cgroupfs file.  The most recent past attempt at
this was http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.cgroups/8632

The new accounting supports future efforts to add per cgroup dirty
page throttling and writeback.  It also helps an administrator break
down a container's memory usage and provides evidence to understand
memcg oom kills (the new dirty count is included in memcg oom kill
messages).

The ability to move page accounting between memcg
(memory.move_charge_at_immigrate) makes this accounting more
complicated than the global counter.  The existing
mem_cgroup_{begin,end}_page_stat() lock is used to serialize move
accounting with stat updates.
Typical update operation:
	memcg = mem_cgroup_begin_page_stat(page)
	if (TestSetPageDirty()) {
		[...]
		mem_cgroup_update_page_stat(memcg)
	}
	mem_cgroup_end_page_stat(memcg)

Summary of mem_cgroup_end_page_stat() overhead:
- Without CONFIG_MEMCG it's a no-op
- With CONFIG_MEMCG and no inter memcg task movement, it's just
  rcu_read_lock()
- With CONFIG_MEMCG and inter memcg  task movement, it's
  rcu_read_lock() + spin_lock_irqsave()

A memcg parameter is added to several routines because their callers
now grab mem_cgroup_begin_page_stat() which returns the memcg later
needed by for mem_cgroup_update_page_stat().

Because mem_cgroup_begin_page_stat() may disable interrupts, some
adjustments are needed:
- move __mark_inode_dirty() from __set_page_dirty() to its caller.
  __mark_inode_dirty() locking does not want interrupts disabled.
- use spin_lock_irqsave(tree_lock) rather than spin_lock_irq() in
  __delete_from_page_cache(), replace_page_cache_page(),
  invalidate_complete_page2(), and __remove_mapping().

   text    data     bss      dec    hex filename
8925147 1774832 1785856 12485835 be84cb vmlinux-!CONFIG_MEMCG-before
8925339 1774832 1785856 12486027 be858b vmlinux-!CONFIG_MEMCG-after
                            +192 text bytes
8965977 1784992 1785856 12536825 bf4bf9 vmlinux-CONFIG_MEMCG-before
8966750 1784992 1785856 12537598 bf4efe vmlinux-CONFIG_MEMCG-after
                            +773 text bytes

Performance tests run on v4.0-rc1-36-g4f671fe2.  Lower is better for
all metrics, they're all wall clock or cycle counts.  The read and write
fault benchmarks just measure fault time, they do not include I/O time.

* CONFIG_MEMCG not set:
                            baseline                              patched
  kbuild                 1m25.030000(+-0.088% 3 samples)       1m25.426667(+-0.120% 3 samples)
  dd write 100 MiB          0.859211561 +-15.10%                  0.874162885 +-15.03%
  dd write 200 MiB          1.670653105 +-17.87%                  1.669384764 +-11.99%
  dd write 1000 MiB         8.434691190 +-14.15%                  8.474733215 +-14.77%
  read fault cycles       254.0(+-0.000% 10 samples)            253.0(+-0.000% 10 samples)
  write fault cycles     2021.2(+-3.070% 10 samples)           1984.5(+-1.036% 10 samples)

* CONFIG_MEMCG=y root_memcg:
                            baseline                              patched
  kbuild                 1m25.716667(+-0.105% 3 samples)       1m25.686667(+-0.153% 3 samples)
  dd write 100 MiB          0.855650830 +-14.90%                  0.887557919 +-14.90%
  dd write 200 MiB          1.688322953 +-12.72%                  1.667682724 +-13.33%
  dd write 1000 MiB         8.418601605 +-14.30%                  8.673532299 +-15.00%
  read fault cycles       266.0(+-0.000% 10 samples)            266.0(+-0.000% 10 samples)
  write fault cycles     2051.7(+-1.349% 10 samples)           2049.6(+-1.686% 10 samples)

* CONFIG_MEMCG=y non-root_memcg:
                            baseline                              patched
  kbuild                 1m26.120000(+-0.273% 3 samples)       1m25.763333(+-0.127% 3 samples)
  dd write 100 MiB          0.861723964 +-15.25%                  0.818129350 +-14.82%
  dd write 200 MiB          1.669887569 +-13.30%                  1.698645885 +-13.27%
  dd write 1000 MiB         8.383191730 +-14.65%                  8.351742280 +-14.52%
  read fault cycles       265.7(+-0.172% 10 samples)            267.0(+-0.000% 10 samples)
  write fault cycles     2070.6(+-1.512% 10 samples)           2084.4(+-2.148% 10 samples)

As expected anon page faults are not affected by this patch.

tj: Updated to apply on top of the recent cancel_dirty_page() changes.
Signed-off-by: NSha Zhengju <handai.szj@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

cancel_dirty_page() had some issues and b9ea2515 ("page_writeback:
clean up mess around cancel_dirty_page()") replaced it with
account_page_cleaned() which makes the caller responsible for clearing
the dirty bit; unfortunately, the planned changes for cgroup writeback
support requires synchronization between dirty bit manipulation and
stat updates.  While we can open-code such synchronization in each
account_page_cleaned() callsite, that's gonna be unnecessarily awkward
and verbose.

This patch revives cancel_dirty_page() but in a more restricted form.
All it does is TestClearPageDirty() followed by account_page_cleaned()
invocation if the page was dirty.  This helper covers all
account_page_cleaned() usages except for __delete_from_page_cache()
which is a special case anyway and left alone.  As this leaves no
module user for account_page_cleaned(), EXPORT_SYMBOL() is dropped
from it.

This patch just revives cancel_dirty_page() as a trivial wrapper to
replace equivalent usages and doesn't introduce any functional
changes.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Stop abusing struct page functionality and the swap end_io handler, and
instead add a modified version of the blk-lib.c bio_batch helpers.

Also move the block I/O code into swap.c as they are directly tied into
each other.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Tested-by: NPavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Tested-by: NMing Lin <mlin@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NPavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Acked-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Do not perform cond_resched() before the busy compaction loop in
__zs_compact(), because this loop does it when needed.
Signed-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There is no point in overriding the size class below.  It causes fatal
corruption on the next chunk on the 3264-bytes size class, which is the
last size class that is not huge.

For example, if the requested size was exactly 3264 bytes, current
zsmalloc allocates and returns a chunk from the size class of 3264 bytes,
not 4096.  User access to this chunk may overwrite head of the next
adjacent chunk.

Here is the panic log captured when freelist was corrupted due to this:

    Kernel BUG at ffffffc00030659c [verbose debug info unavailable]
    Internal error: Oops - BUG: 96000006 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
    Modules linked in:
    exynos-snapshot: core register saved(CPU:5)
    CPUMERRSR: 0000000000000000, L2MERRSR: 0000000000000000
    exynos-snapshot: context saved(CPU:5)
    exynos-snapshot: item - log_kevents is disabled
    CPU: 5 PID: 898 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 3.10.61-4497415-eng #1
    task: ffffffc0b8783d80 ti: ffffffc0b71e8000 task.ti: ffffffc0b71e8000
    PC is at obj_idx_to_offset+0x0/0x1c
    LR is at obj_malloc+0x44/0xe8
    pc : [<ffffffc00030659c>] lr : [<ffffffc000306604>] pstate: a0000045
    sp : ffffffc0b71eb790
    x29: ffffffc0b71eb790 x28: ffffffc00204c000
    x27: 000000000001d96f x26: 0000000000000000
    x25: ffffffc098cc3500 x24: ffffffc0a13f2810
    x23: ffffffc098cc3501 x22: ffffffc0a13f2800
    x21: 000011e1a02006e3 x20: ffffffc0a13f2800
    x19: ffffffbc02a7e000 x18: 0000000000000000
    x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000feb
    x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000a01003e3
    x13: 0000000000000020 x12: fffffffffffffff0
    x11: ffffffc08b264000 x10: 00000000e3a01004
    x9 : ffffffc08b263fea x8 : ffffffc0b1e611c0
    x7 : ffffffc000307d24 x6 : 0000000000000000
    x5 : 0000000000000038 x4 : 000000000000011e
    x3 : ffffffbc00003e90 x2 : 0000000000000cc0
    x1 : 00000000d0100371 x0 : ffffffbc00003e90
Reported-by: NSooyong Suk <s.suk@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NHeesub Shin <heesub.shin@samsung.com>
Tested-by: NSooyong Suk <s.suk@samsung.com>
Acked-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In putback_zspage, we don't need to insert a zspage into list of zspage
in size_class again to just fix fullness group. We could do directly
without reinsertion so we could save some instuctions.
Reported-by: NHeesub Shin <heesub.shin@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Ganesh Mahendran <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A micro-optimization.  Avoid additional branching and reduce (a bit)
registry pressure (f.e.  s_off += size; d_off += size; may be calculated
twise: first for >= PAGE_SIZE check and later for offset update in "else"
clause).

scripts/bloat-o-meter shows some improvement

add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 0/1 up/down: 0/-10 (-10)
function                          old     new   delta
zs_object_copy                    550     540     -10
Signed-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Do not synchronize rcu in zs_compact(). Neither zsmalloc not
zram use rcu.
Signed-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NYinghao Xie <yinghao.xie@sumsung.com>
Suggested-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Create zsmalloc doc which explains design concept and stat information.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

During investigating compaction, fullness information of each class is
helpful for investigating how the compaction works well.  With that, we
could know how compaction works well more clear on each size class.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We store handle on header of each allocated object so it increases the
size of each object by sizeof(unsigned long).

If zram stores 4096 bytes to zsmalloc(ie, bad compression), zsmalloc needs
4104B-class to add handle.

However, 4104B-class has 1-pages_per_zspage so wasted size by internal
fragment is 8192 - 4104, which is terrible.

So this patch records the handle in page->private on such huge object(ie,
pages_per_zspage == 1 && maxobj_per_zspage == 1) instead of header of each
object so we could use 4096B-class, not 4104B-class.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Curretly, zsmalloc regards a zspage as ZS_ALMOST_EMPTY if the zspage has
under 1/4 used objects(ie, fullness_threshold_frac).  It could make result
in loose packing since zsmalloc migrates only ZS_ALMOST_EMPTY zspage out.

This patch changes the rule so that zsmalloc makes zspage which has above
3/4 used object ZS_ALMOST_FULL so it could make tight packing.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch provides core functions for migration of zsmalloc.  Migraion
policy is simple as follows.

for each size class {
        while {
                src_page = get zs_page from ZS_ALMOST_EMPTY
                if (!src_page)
                        break;
                dst_page = get zs_page from ZS_ALMOST_FULL
                if (!dst_page)
                        dst_page = get zs_page from ZS_ALMOST_EMPTY
                if (!dst_page)
                        break;
                migrate(from src_page, to dst_page);
        }
}

For migration, we need to identify which objects in zspage are allocated
to migrate them out.  We could know it by iterating of freed objects in a
zspage because first_page of zspage keeps free objects singly-linked list
but it's not efficient.  Instead, this patch adds a tag(ie,
OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG) in header of each object(ie, handle) so we could check
whether the object is allocated easily.

This patch adds another status bit in handle to synchronize between user
access through zs_map_object and migration.  During migration, we cannot
move objects user are using due to data coherency between old object and
new object.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: zsmalloc.c needs sched.h for cond_resched()]
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In later patch, migration needs some part of functions in zs_malloc and
zs_free so this patch factor out them.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Recently, we started to use zram heavily and some of issues
popped.

1) external fragmentation

I got a report from Juneho Choi that fork failed although there are plenty
of free pages in the system.  His investigation revealed zram is one of
the culprit to make heavy fragmentation so there was no more contiguous
16K page for pgd to fork in the ARM.

2) non-movable pages

Other problem of zram now is that inherently, user want to use zram as
swap in small memory system so they use zRAM with CMA to use memory
efficiently.  However, unfortunately, it doesn't work well because zRAM
cannot use CMA's movable pages unless it doesn't support compaction.  I
got several reports about that OOM happened with zram although there are
lots of swap space and free space in CMA area.

3) internal fragmentation

zRAM has started support memory limitation feature to limit memory usage
and I sent a patchset(https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/9/21/148) for VM to be
harmonized with zram-swap to stop anonymous page reclaim if zram consumed
memory up to the limit although there are free space on the swap.  One
problem for that direction is zram has no way to know any hole in memory
space zsmalloc allocated by internal fragmentation so zram would regard
swap is full although there are free space in zsmalloc.  For solving the
issue, zram want to trigger compaction of zsmalloc before it decides full
or not.

This patchset is first step to support above issues.  For that, it adds
indirect layer between handle and object location and supports manual
compaction to solve 3th problem first of all.

After this patchset got merged, next step is to make VM aware of zsmalloc
compaction so that generic compaction will move zsmalloced-pages
automatically in runtime.

In my imaginary experiment(ie, high compress ratio data with heavy swap
in/out on 8G zram-swap), data is as follows,

Before =
zram allocated object :      60212066 bytes
zram total used:     140103680 bytes
ratio:         42.98 percent
MemFree:          840192 kB

Compaction

After =
frag ratio after compaction
zram allocated object :      60212066 bytes
zram total used:      76185600 bytes
ratio:         79.03 percent
MemFree:          901932 kB

Juneho reported below in his real platform with small aging.
So, I think the benefit would be bigger in real aging system
for a long time.

- frag_ratio increased 3% (ie, higher is better)
- memfree increased about 6MB
- In buddy info, Normal 2^3: 4, 2^2: 1: 2^1 increased, Highmem: 2^1 21 increased

frag ratio after swap fragment
used :        156677 kbytes
total:        166092 kbytes
frag_ratio :  94
meminfo before compaction
MemFree:           83724 kB
Node 0, zone   Normal  13642   1364     57     10     61     17      9      5      4      0      0
Node 0, zone  HighMem    425     29      1      0      0      0      0      0      0      0      0

num_migrated :  23630
compaction done

frag ratio after compaction
used :        156673 kbytes
total:        160564 kbytes
frag_ratio :  97
meminfo after compaction
MemFree:           89060 kB
Node 0, zone   Normal  14076   1544     67     14     61     17      9      5      4      0      0
Node 0, zone  HighMem    863     50      1      0      0      0      0      0      0      0      0

This patchset adds more logics(about 480 lines) in zsmalloc but when I
tested heavy swapin/out program, the regression for swapin/out speed is
marginal because most of overheads were caused by compress/decompress and
other MM reclaim stuff.

This patch (of 7):

Currently, handle of zsmalloc encodes object's location directly so it
makes support of migration hard.

This patch decouples handle and object via adding indirect layer.  For
that, it allocates handle dynamically and returns it to user.  The handle
is the address allocated by slab allocation so it's unique and we could
keep object's location in the memory space allocated for handle.

With it, we can change object's position without changing handle itself.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Juneho Choi <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: Gunho Lee <gunho.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/compaction.c:250:13: warning: 'suitable_migration_target' defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
Reported-by: NFengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This will allow FS that uses VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP (no page structs) to
get notified when access is a write to a read-only PFN.

This can happen if we mmap() a file then first mmap-read from it to
page-in a read-only PFN, than we mmap-write to the same page.

We need this functionality to fix a DAX bug, where in the scenario above
we fail to set ctime/mtime though we modified the file.  An xfstest is
attached to this patchset that shows the failure and the fix.  (A DAX
patch will follow)

This functionality is extra important for us, because upon dirtying of a
pmem page we also want to RDMA the page to a remote cluster node.

We define a new pfn_mkwrite and do not reuse page_mkwrite because
  1 - The name ;-)
  2 - But mainly because it would take a very long and tedious
      audit of all page_mkwrite functions of VM_MIXEDMAP/VM_PFNMAP
      users. To make sure they do not now CRASH. For example current
      DAX code (which this is for) would crash.
      If we would want to reuse page_mkwrite, We will need to first
      patch all users, so to not-crash-on-no-page. Then enable this
      patch. But even if I did that I would not sleep so well at night.
      Adding a new vector is the safest thing to do, and is not that
      expensive. an extra pointer at a static function vector per driver.
      Also the new vector is better for performance, because else we
      Will call all current Kernel vectors, so to:
        check-ha-no-page-do-nothing and return.

No need to call it from do_shared_fault because do_wp_page is called to
change pte permissions anyway.
Signed-off-by: NYigal Korman <yigal@plexistor.com>
Signed-off-by: NBoaz Harrosh <boaz@plexistor.com>
Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A lot of filesystems use generic_file_mmap() and filemap_fault(),
f_op->mmap and vm_ops->fault aren't enough to identify filesystem.

This prints file name, vm_ops->fault, f_op->mmap and a_ops->readpage
(which is almost always implemented and filesystem-specific).

Example:

[   23.676410] BUG: Bad page map in process sh  pte:1b7e6025 pmd:19bbd067
[   23.676887] page:ffffea00006df980 count:4 mapcount:1 mapping:ffff8800196426c0 index:0x97
[   23.677481] flags: 0x10000000000000c(referenced|uptodate)
[   23.677896] page dumped because: bad pte
[   23.678205] addr:00007f52fcb17000 vm_flags:00000075 anon_vma:          (null) mapping:ffff8800196426c0 index:97
[   23.678922] file:libc-2.19.so fault:filemap_fault mmap:generic_file_readonly_mmap readpage:v9fs_vfs_readpage

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use pr_alert, per Kirill]
Signed-off-by: NKonstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Mempools keep allocated objects in reserved for situations when ordinary
allocation may not be possible to satisfy.  These objects shouldn't be
accessed before they leave the pool.

This patch poison elements when get into the pool and unpoison when they
leave it.  This will let KASan to detect use-after-free of mempool's
elements.
Signed-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Tested-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <drcheren@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Like EXPORT_SYMBOL(): the positioning communicates that the macro pertains
to the immediately preceding function.

Cc: Dmitry Safonov <d.safonov@partner.samsung.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Stefan Strogin <stefan.strogin@gmail.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Pintu Kumar <pintu.k@samsung.com>
Cc: Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Cc: Vyacheslav Tyrtov <v.tyrtov@samsung.com>
Cc: Aleksei Mateosian <a.mateosian@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Here are two functions that provide interface to compute/get used size and
size of biggest free chunk in cma region.  Add that information to
debugfs.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: move debug code from cma.c into cma_debug.c]
[stefan.strogin@gmail.com: move code from cma_get_used() and cma_get_maxchunk() to cma_used_get() and cma_maxchunk_get()]
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Safonov <d.safonov@partner.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NStefan Strogin <stefan.strogin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Pintu Kumar <pintu.k@samsung.com>
Cc: Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Cc: Vyacheslav Tyrtov <v.tyrtov@samsung.com>
Cc: Aleksei Mateosian <a.mateosian@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NStefan Strogin <stefan.strogin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Few trivial cleanups:

 - no need to call set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() from
   late_initcall() -- start_khugepaged() calls it;

 - no need to call set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() from
   start_khugepaged() if khugepaged is not started;

 - there isn't much point in running start_khugepaged() if we've just
   set transparent_hugepage_flags to zero;

 - start_khugepaged() is misnamed -- it also used to stop the thread;
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Most-used page->mapping helper -- page_mapping() -- has already uninlined.
 Let's uninline also page_rmapping() and page_anon_vma().  It saves us
depending on configuration around 400 bytes in text:

   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
 660318	  99254	 410000	1169572	 11d8a4	mm/built-in.o-before
 659854	  99254	 410000	1169108	 11d6d4	mm/built-in.o

I also tried to make code a bit more clean.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add trace events for cma_alloc() and cma_release().

The cma_alloc tracepoint is used both for successful and failed allocations,
in case of allocation failure pfn=-1UL is stored and printed.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Strogin <stefan.strogin@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mpn@google.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

memblock_reserve() calls memblock_reserve_region() which prints debugging
information if 'memblock=debug' was passed on the command line.  This
patch adds the same behaviour, but for memblock_add function().

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/memblock_memory/memblock_add/ in message]
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Emil Medve <Emilian.Medve@freescale.com>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now we have an easy access to hugepages' activeness, so existing helpers to
get the information can be cleaned up.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/PageHugeActive/page_huge_active/]
Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We are not safe from calling isolate_huge_page() on a hugepage
concurrently, which can make the victim hugepage in invalid state and
results in BUG_ON().

The root problem of this is that we don't have any information on struct
page (so easily accessible) about hugepages' activeness.  Note that
hugepages' activeness means just being linked to
hstate->hugepage_activelist, which is not the same as normal pages'
activeness represented by PageActive flag.

Normal pages are isolated by isolate_lru_page() which prechecks PageLRU
before isolation, so let's do similarly for hugetlb with a new
paeg_huge_active().

set/clear_page_huge_active() should be called within hugetlb_lock.  But
hugetlb_cow() and hugetlb_no_page() don't do this, being justified because
in these functions set_page_huge_active() is called right after the
hugepage is allocated and no other thread tries to isolate it.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/PageHugeActive/page_huge_active/, make it return bool]
[fengguang.wu@intel.com: set_page_huge_active() can be static]
Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

__put_compound_page() calls __page_cache_release() to do some freeing
work, but it's obviously for thps, not for hugetlb.  We don't care because
PageLRU is always cleared and page->mem_cgroup is always NULL for hugetlb.
But it's not correct and has potential risks, so let's make it
conditional.
Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The creators of the C language gave us the while keyword. Let's use
that instead of synthesizing it from if+goto.

Made possible by 6597d783 ("mm/mmap.c: replace find_vma_prepare()
with clearer find_vma_links()").

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix 80-col overflows]
Signed-off-by: NRasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <klamm@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() adjusts zone water marks to be suitable
for khugepaged. We avoid doing this if khugepaged is disabled, but don't
catch the case when khugepaged is failed to start.

Let's address this by checking khugepaged_thread instead of
khugepaged_enabled() in set_recommended_min_free_kbytes().
It's NULL if the kernel thread is stopped or failed to start.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We miss error-handling in few cases hugepage_init(). Let's fix that.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Mempools keep elements in a reserved pool for contexts in which allocation
may not be possible.  When an element is allocated from the reserved pool,
its memory contents is the same as when it was added to the reserved pool.

Because of this, elements lack any free poisoning to detect use-after-free
errors.

This patch adds free poisoning for elements backed by the slab allocator.
This is possible because the mempool layer knows the object size of each
element.

When an element is added to the reserved pool, it is poisoned with
POISON_FREE.  When it is removed from the reserved pool, the contents are
checked for POISON_FREE.  If there is a mismatch, a warning is emitted to
the kernel log.

This is only effective for configs with CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB or
CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON.

[fabio.estevam@freescale.com: use '%zu' for printing 'size_t' variable]
[arnd@arndb.de: add missing include]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NFabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

All occurrences of mempools based on slab caches with object constructors
have been removed from the tree, so disallow creating them.

We can only dereference mem->ctor in mm/mempool.c without including
mm/slab.h in include/linux/mempool.h.  So simply note the restriction,
just like the comment restricting usage of __GFP_ZERO, and warn on kernels
with CONFIG_DEBUG_VM() if such a mempool is allocated from.

We don't want to incur this check on every element allocation, so use
VM_BUG_ON().
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We converted some of the usages of ACCESS_ONCE to READ_ONCE in the mm/
tree since it doesn't work reliably on non-scalar types.

This patch removes the rest of the usages of ACCESS_ONCE, and use the new
READ_ONCE API for the read accesses.  This makes things cleaner, instead
of using separate/multiple sets of APIs.
Signed-off-by: NJason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: NDavidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 38c5ce93 ("mm/gup: Replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE")
converted ACCESS_ONCE usage in gup_pmd_range() to READ_ONCE, since
ACCESS_ONCE doesn't work reliably on non-scalar types.

This patch also fixes the other ACCESS_ONCE usages in gup_pte_range()
and __get_user_pages_fast() in mm/gup.c
Signed-off-by: NJason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: NDavidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As suggested by Kirill the "goto"s in vma_to_resize aren't necessary, just
change them to explicit return.
Signed-off-by: NDerek Che <crquan@ymail.com>
Suggested-by: N"Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Recently I straced bash behavior in this dd zero pipe to read test, in
part of testing under vm.overcommit_memory=2 (OVERCOMMIT_NEVER mode):

    # dd if=/dev/zero | read x

The bash sub shell is calling mremap to reallocate more and more memory
untill it finally failed -ENOMEM (I expect), or to be killed by system OOM
killer (which should not happen under OVERCOMMIT_NEVER mode); But the
mremap system call actually failed of -EFAULT, which is a surprise to me,
I think it's supposed to be -ENOMEM?  then I wrote this piece of C code
testing confirmed it: https://gist.github.com/crquan/326bde37e1ddda8effe5

    $ ./remap
    allocated one page @0x7f686bf71000, (PAGE_SIZE: 4096)
    grabbed 7680512000 bytes of memory (1875125 pages) @ 00007f6690993000.
    mremap failed Bad address (14).

The -EFAULT comes from the branch of security_vm_enough_memory_mm failure,
underlyingly it calls __vm_enough_memory which returns only 0 for success
or -ENOMEM; So why vma_to_resize needs to return -EFAULT in this case?
this sounds like a mistake to me.

Some more digging into git history:

1) Before commit 119f657c ("RLIMIT_AS checking fix") in May 1 2005
   (pre 2.6.12 days) it was returning -ENOMEM for this failure;

2) but commit 119f657c ("untangling do_mremap(), part 1") changed it
   accidentally, to what ever is preserved in local ret, which happened to
   be -EFAULT, in a previous assignment;

3) then in commit 54f5de70 code refactoring, it's explicitly returning
   -EFAULT, should be wrong.
Signed-off-by: NDerek Che <crquan@ymail.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In original implementation of vm_map_ram made by Nick Piggin there were
two bitmaps: alloc_map and dirty_map.  None of them were used as supposed
to be: finding a suitable free hole for next allocation in block.
vm_map_ram allocates space sequentially in block and on free call marks
pages as dirty, so freed space can't be reused anymore.

Actually it would be very interesting to know the real meaning of those
bitmaps, maybe implementation was incomplete, etc.

But long time ago Zhang Yanfei removed alloc_map by these two commits:

  mm/vmalloc.c: remove dead code in vb_alloc
     3fcd76e8
  mm/vmalloc.c: remove alloc_map from vmap_block
     b8e748b6

In this patch I replaced dirty_map with two range variables: dirty min and
max.  These variables store minimum and maximum position of dirty space in
a block, since we need only to know the dirty range, not exact position of
dirty pages.

Why it was made?  Several reasons: at first glance it seems that
vm_map_ram allocator concerns about fragmentation thus it uses bitmaps for
finding free hole, but it is not true.  To avoid complexity seems it is
better to use something simple, like min or max range values.  Secondly,
code also becomes simpler, without iteration over bitmap, just comparing
values in min and max macros.  Thirdly, bitmap occupies up to 1024 bits
(4MB is a max size of a block).  Here I replaced the whole bitmap with two
longs.

Finally vm_unmap_aliases should be slightly faster and the whole
vmap_block structure occupies less memory.
Signed-off-by: NRoman Pen <r.peniaev@gmail.com>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: NJoonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: WANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Gioh Kim <gioh.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Rob Jones <rob.jones@codethink.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>