# Copyright (c) 2020 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. import warnings from .optimizer import Optimizer from ..fluid import core from ..fluid import framework from ..fluid.framework import Variable, name_scope from ..fluid.layer_helper import LayerHelper from ..fluid import unique_name from ..fluid import layers import paddle.fluid as fluid from paddle.fluid.regularizer import L2DecayRegularizer from paddle import _C_ops import paddle __all__ = [] class Momentum(Optimizer): r""" Simple Momentum optimizer with velocity state This optimizer has a flag for Nestrov Momentum. The update equations are as follows: .. math:: & velocity = mu * velocity + gradient & if (use\_nesterov): &\quad param = param - (gradient + mu * velocity) * learning\_rate & else: &\quad param = param - learning\_rate * velocity Parameters: learning_rate (float|Tensor|LearningRateDecay, optional): The learning rate used to update ``Parameter``. It can be a float value, a ``Tensor`` with a float type or a LearningRateDecay. The default value is 0.001. momentum (float): Momentum factor. The default value is 0.9. parameters (list|tuple, optional): List|Tuple of ``Tensor`` to update to minimize ``loss``. \ This parameter is required in dygraph mode. And you can specify different options for \ different parameter groups such as the learning rate, weight decay, etc, \ then the parameters are list of dict. Note that the learning_rate in paramter groups \ represents the scale of base learning_rate. \ The default value is None in static mode, at this time all parameters will be updated. weight_decay (float|WeightDecayRegularizer, optional): The strategy of regularization. \ It canbe a float value as coeff of L2 regularization or \ :ref:`api_fluid_regularizer_L1Decay`, :ref:`api_fluid_regularizer_L2Decay`. If a parameter has set regularizer using :ref:`api_fluid_ParamAttr` already, \ the regularization setting here in optimizer will be ignored for this parameter. \ Otherwise, the regularization setting here in optimizer will take effect. \ Default None, meaning there is no regularization. grad_clip (GradientClipBase, optional): Gradient cliping strategy, it's an instance of some derived class of ``GradientClipBase`` . There are three cliping strategies ( :ref:`api_fluid_clip_GradientClipByGlobalNorm` , :ref:`api_fluid_clip_GradientClipByNorm` , :ref:`api_fluid_clip_GradientClipByValue` ). Default None, meaning there is no gradient clipping. multi_precision (bool, optional): Whether to use multi-precision during weight updating. Default is false. rescale_grad (float, optional): Multiply the gradient with `rescale_grad` before updating. \ Often choose to be ``1.0/batch_size``. use_multi_tensor (bool, optional): Whether to use multi-tensor strategy to update all parameters at once . Default is false. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import numpy as np inp = np.random.uniform(-0.1, 0.1, [10, 10]).astype("float32") linear = paddle.nn.Linear(10, 10) inp = paddle.to_tensor(inp) out = linear(inp) loss = paddle.mean(out) beta1 = paddle.to_tensor([0.9], dtype="float32") beta2 = paddle.to_tensor([0.99], dtype="float32") momentum = paddle.optimizer.Momentum(learning_rate=0.1, parameters=linear.parameters(), weight_decay=0.01) back = out.backward() momentum.step() momentum.clear_grad() #Note that the learning_rate of linear_2 is 0.01. linear_1 = paddle.nn.Linear(10, 10) linear_2 = paddle.nn.Linear(10, 10) inp = paddle.uniform(shape=[10, 10], min=-0.1, max=0.1) out = linear_1(inp) out = linear_2(out) loss = paddle.mean(out) momentum = paddle.optimizer.Momentum( learning_rate=0.1, parameters=[{ 'params': linear_1.parameters() }, { 'params': linear_2.parameters(), 'weight_decay': 0.001, 'learning_rate': 0.1 }], weight_decay=0.01, momentum=0.9) out.backward() momentum.step() momentum.clear_grad() """ _velocity_acc_str = "velocity" def __init__(self, learning_rate=0.001, momentum=0.9, parameters=None, use_nesterov=False, weight_decay=None, grad_clip=None, multi_precision=False, rescale_grad=1.0, use_multi_tensor=False, name=None): if learning_rate is None: raise ValueError("learning_rate is not set") if momentum is None: raise ValueError("momentum is not set") predicate = lambda regular: isinstance(regular, (L2DecayRegularizer, float)) if isinstance(parameters, list): if isinstance(parameters[0], dict): for param_group in parameters: decay = param_group[ 'weight_decay'] if 'weight_decay' in param_group else weight_decay reg_method, reg_coeff = self._update_regularization(decay) param_group['regularization_method'] = reg_method param_group['regularization_coeff'] = reg_coeff py_regular = None if predicate(decay) else decay param_group['weight_decay'] = py_regular py_regular = None if predicate(weight_decay) else weight_decay super(Momentum, self).__init__( learning_rate=learning_rate, parameters=parameters, weight_decay=py_regular, grad_clip=grad_clip, name=name) self.type = "momentum" self._momentum = momentum self._use_nesterov = bool(use_nesterov) self._regularization_method, self._regularization_coeff = self._update_regularization( weight_decay) self._multi_precision = multi_precision self._rescale_grad = rescale_grad self._master_weights = {} self._default_dict = { 'momentum': momentum, 'use_nesterov': use_nesterov, 'rescale_grad': rescale_grad, 'regularization_method': self._regularization_method, 'regularization_coeff': self._regularization_coeff, } self._use_multi_tensor = use_multi_tensor if self._use_multi_tensor: self._param_dict = {'FP32_LODTensor': [], 'FP16_LODTensor': []} self._velocity_dict = {'FP32_LODTensor': [], 'FP16_LODTensor': []} self._master_weight_dict = { 'FP32_LODTensor': None, 'FP16_LODTensor': [] } self._regularization_method_dict = { 'FP32_LODTensor': [], 'FP16_LODTensor': [] } self._regularization_coeff_dict = { 'FP32_LODTensor': [], 'FP16_LODTensor': [] } def _update_regularization(self, weight_decay): reg_method = "" reg_coeff = 0 if (isinstance(weight_decay, L2DecayRegularizer)): reg_method = "l2_decay" reg_coeff = weight_decay._regularization_coeff if (isinstance(weight_decay, float)): reg_method = "l2_decay" reg_coeff = weight_decay return reg_method, reg_coeff def _create_master_weight(self, param): if param.name in self._master_weights: var = self._master_weights[param.name] else: assert isinstance(self.helper, LayerHelper) var_name = param.name + "_fp32_master" var_name = unique_name.generate(var_name) var = layers.create_global_var( name=var_name, shape=param.shape, value=0, dtype='float32', persistable=True) block = self.helper.startup_program.global_block() block.append_op( type="cast", inputs={"X": [param]}, outputs={"Out": [var]}, attrs={ "in_dtype": param.dtype, "out_dtype": core.VarDesc.VarType.FP32 }) self._master_weights[param.name] = var return var def _get_accumulator(self, name, param): """Utility function to fetch an accumulator for a parameter Args: name: name of the accumulator param: parameter variable for which accumulator is to be fetched Returns: accumulator variable for the parameter """ if self._name is not None: name = self._name + "_" + name find_master = self._multi_precision and param.dtype == core.VarDesc.VarType.FP16 target_param = self._master_weights[ param.name] if find_master else param target_name = target_param.name if (name not in self._accumulators or target_name not in self._accumulators[name]): raise Exception("Accumulator {} does not exist for parameter {}". format(name, target_name)) return self._accumulators[name][target_name] def _create_accumulators(self, block, parameters): ''' if framework.in_dygraph_mode(): return ''' assert isinstance(block, framework.Block) if isinstance(parameters, dict): parameters = self._update_param_group(parameters) for p in parameters: if self._multi_precision and p.dtype == core.VarDesc.VarType.FP16: master_p = self._create_master_weight(p) self._add_accumulator(self._velocity_acc_str, master_p) continue if p.dtype == core.VarDesc.VarType.FP16 and not self._multi_precision: warnings.warn( "Accumulating with FP16 in optimizer can lead to poor accuracy or slow convergence." "Consider using multi_precision=True option of the Momentum optimizer." ) self._add_accumulator(self._velocity_acc_str, p) def _create_regularization_of_grad(self, param, grad, regularization=None): """ Create and add backward regularization Operators Function helper of append_regularization_ops. """ # If ParamAttr is set to L2Decay, we skip doing regularization here. And then we fused # L2Decay with momentum which can refer to _append_optimize_op below. if hasattr(param, 'regularizer') and isinstance(param.regularizer, L2DecayRegularizer): return grad return super(Momentum, self)._create_regularization_of_grad( param, grad, regularization) def _append_optimize_op(self, block, param_and_grad): assert isinstance(block, framework.Block) if isinstance(param_and_grad, dict): param_and_grad = self._update_param_group(param_and_grad) velocity_acc = self._get_accumulator(self._velocity_acc_str, param_and_grad[0]) lr = self._create_param_lr(param_and_grad) # For fusion of momentum and l2decay param = param_and_grad[0] regularization_method = self._regularization_method regularization_coeff = self._regularization_coeff if hasattr(param, 'regularizer'): # we skip param's l2decay before, so fuse it with momentum here. if isinstance(param.regularizer, L2DecayRegularizer): regularization_method = "l2_decay" regularization_coeff = param.regularizer._regularization_coeff # the param's regularization has been done before, we avoid do l2decay in momentum. elif param.regularizer is not None: regularization_method = "" regularization_coeff = 0 find_master = self._multi_precision and param_and_grad[ 0].dtype == core.VarDesc.VarType.FP16 master_weight = (self._master_weights[param_and_grad[0].name] if find_master else None) if framework.in_dygraph_mode(): if isinstance(param_and_grad, dict): self._update_regularization(param_and_grad['weight_decay']) _, _, _ = _C_ops.momentum( param_and_grad[0], param_and_grad[1], velocity_acc, lr, master_weight, param_and_grad[0], velocity_acc, master_weight, 'mu', self._momentum, 'use_nesterov', self._use_nesterov, 'regularization_method', regularization_method, 'regularization_coeff', regularization_coeff, 'multi_precision', find_master) return None attrs = { "mu": self._momentum, "use_nesterov": self._use_nesterov, "regularization_method": regularization_method, "regularization_coeff": regularization_coeff, "multi_precision": find_master, "rescale_grad": self._rescale_grad } inputs = { "Param": [param_and_grad[0]], "Grad": [param_and_grad[1]], "Velocity": [velocity_acc], "LearningRate": [lr] } outputs = { "ParamOut": [param_and_grad[0]], "VelocityOut": [velocity_acc] } if find_master: inputs["MasterParam"] = master_weight outputs["MasterParamOut"] = master_weight # create the momentum optimize op momentum_op = block.append_op( type=self.type, inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, attrs=attrs, stop_gradient=True) return momentum_op def _multi_tensor_init(self, target_block, parameters): """ All parameters used for optimizer (such as: parameters, master_weight, velocity_acc for momentum) calculations are grouped into a python list by data type (float16, float32). This function will be overridden in the corresponding optimizer file. Args: target_block: the block in which the loss tensor is present parameters: list of parameter tensors for the optimizer """ self._create_accumulators(target_block, parameters) for param in parameters: velocity_acc = self._get_accumulator(self._velocity_acc_str, param) regularization_method = self._regularization_method regularization_coeff = self._regularization_coeff if hasattr(param, 'regularizer'): # we skip param's l2decay before, so fuse it with momentum here. if isinstance(param.regularizer, L2DecayRegularizer): regularization_method = "l2_decay" regularization_coeff = param.regularizer._regularization_coeff else: regularization_method = "" regularization_coeff = 0.0 if param.dtype == paddle.float32: self._param_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append(param) self._velocity_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append(velocity_acc) # fp32 no master weight self._regularization_method_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append( regularization_method) self._regularization_coeff_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append( regularization_coeff) elif param.dtype == paddle.float16: self._param_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append(param) self._velocity_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append(velocity_acc) if self._multi_precision: self._master_weight_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append( self._master_weights[param.name]) else: self._master_weight_dict['FP16_LODTensor'] = None self._regularization_method_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append( regularization_method) self._regularization_coeff_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append( regularization_coeff) else: raise ValueError( "Now multi_tensor_momentum only support fp32 and fp16 parameters and grad is LOD_TENSOR." ) def _append_optimize_multi_tensor_op(self, target_block, parameters_and_grads): """ For Multi Tensor, append optimize merged_operator to block. """ assert isinstance(target_block, framework.Block) grad_dict = {'FP32_LODTensor': [], 'FP16_LODTensor': []} lr_dict = {'FP32_LODTensor': [], 'FP16_LODTensor': []} if isinstance(parameters_and_grads, list): for param_and_grad in parameters_and_grads: if param_and_grad[1] is None: continue if param_and_grad[0].stop_gradient is False: if param_and_grad[ 0].dtype == paddle.float32 and param_and_grad[ 1].type == core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR: grad_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append(param_and_grad[1]) lr = self._create_param_lr(param_and_grad) lr_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append(lr) elif param_and_grad[ 0].dtype == paddle.float16 and param_and_grad[ 1].type == core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR: grad_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append(param_and_grad[1]) lr = self._create_param_lr(param_and_grad) lr_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append(lr) else: for param_and_grad in parameters_and_grads['params']: if param_and_grad[1] is None: continue if param_and_grad[0].stop_gradient is False: param_grad_dict = dict() param_grad_dict['params'] = param_and_grad param_grad_dict.update({ k: v for k, v in parameters_and_grads.items() if k != 'params' }) param_and_grad = self._update_param_group(param_grad_dict) if param_and_grad[ 0].dtype == paddle.float32 and param_and_grad[ 1].type == core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR: grad_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append(param_and_grad[1]) lr = self._create_param_lr(param_and_grad) lr_dict['FP32_LODTensor'].append(lr) elif param_and_grad[ 0].dtype == paddle.float16 and param_and_grad[ 1].type == core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR: grad_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append(param_and_grad[1]) lr = self._create_param_lr(param_and_grad) lr_dict['FP16_LODTensor'].append(lr) multi_tensor_list = ['FP32_LODTensor', 'FP16_LODTensor'] for key in multi_tensor_list: if len(self._param_dict[key]) > 0: if key == 'FP32_LODTensor': self._multi_precision = False if framework.in_dygraph_mode(): _, _, _ = _C_ops.merged_momentum( self._param_dict[key], grad_dict[key], self._velocity_dict[key], lr_dict[key], self._master_weight_dict[key], self._param_dict[key], self._velocity_dict[key], self._master_weight_dict[key], 'mu', self._momentum, 'use_nesterov', self._use_nesterov, 'regularization_method', self._regularization_method_dict[key], 'regularization_coeff', self._regularization_coeff_dict[key], 'multi_precision', self._multi_precision) else: inputs = { "Param": self._param_dict[key], "Grad": grad_dict[key], "Velocity": self._velocity_dict[key], "LearningRate": lr_dict[key], } outputs = { "ParamOut": self._param_dict[key], "VelocityOut": self._velocity_dict[key], } attrs = { "mu": self._momentum, "use_nesterov": self._use_nesterov, "regularization_method": self._regularization_method_dict[key], "regularization_coeff": self._regularization_coeff_dict[key], } if self._multi_precision: inputs["MasterParam"] = self._master_weight_dict[key] outputs["MasterParamOut"] = self._master_weight_dict[ key] attrs["multi_precision"] = self._multi_precision target_block.append_op( type="merged_momentum", inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs, attrs=attrs, stop_gradient=True) return None def _update_param_group(self, parameters): self._momentum = parameters.get('momentum', self._default_dict['momentum']) self._use_nesterov = parameters.get('use_nesterov', self._default_dict['use_nesterov']) self._rescale_grad = parameters.get('rescale_grad', self._default_dict['rescale_grad']) self._regularization_method = parameters.get( 'regularization_method', self._default_dict['regularization_method']) self._regularization_coeff = parameters.get( 'regularization_coeff', self._default_dict['regularization_coeff']) parameters = parameters.get('params') return parameters