# C++ 程序：通过将矩阵传递给函数将两个矩阵相乘

> 原文： [https://www.programiz.com/cpp-programming/examples/matrix-multiplication-function](https://www.programiz.com/cpp-programming/examples/matrix-multiplication-function)

#### 在此示例中，您将学习将两个矩阵相乘并使用用户定义的函数进行显示。

要理解此示例，您应该了解以下 [C++ 编程](/cpp-programming "C++ tutorial")主题：

*   [C++ 数组](/cpp-programming/arrays)
*   [C++ 多维数组](/cpp-programming/multidimensional-arrays)
*   [在 C++ 编程中将数组传递给函数](/cpp-programming/passing-arrays-function)

* * *

该程序要求用户输入矩阵的大小（行和列）。

然后，它要求用户输入两个矩阵的元素，最后将两个矩阵相乘并显示结果。

要执行此任务，需要执行三个步骤：

1.  从用户那里获取矩阵元素
2.  乘以两个矩阵
3.  在乘法后显示结果矩阵

### 示例：通过将矩阵传递给函数来相乘

```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void enterData(int firstMatrix[][10], int secondMatrix[][10], int rowFirst, int columnFirst, int rowSecond, int columnSecond);
void multiplyMatrices(int firstMatrix[][10], int secondMatrix[][10], int multResult[][10], int rowFirst, int columnFirst, int rowSecond, int columnSecond);
void display(int mult[][10], int rowFirst, int columnSecond);

int main()
{
	int firstMatrix[10][10], secondMatrix[10][10], mult[10][10], rowFirst, columnFirst, rowSecond, columnSecond, i, j, k;

	cout << "Enter rows and column for first matrix: ";
	cin >> rowFirst >> columnFirst;

	cout << "Enter rows and column for second matrix: ";
	cin >> rowSecond >> columnSecond;

	// If colum of first matrix in not equal to row of second matrix, asking user to enter the size of matrix again.
	while (columnFirst != rowSecond)
	{
		cout << "Error! column of first matrix not equal to row of second." << endl;
		cout << "Enter rows and column for first matrix: ";
		cin >> rowFirst >> columnFirst;
		cout << "Enter rows and column for second matrix: ";
		cin >> rowSecond >> columnSecond;
	}

	// Function to take matrices data
        enterData(firstMatrix, secondMatrix, rowFirst, columnFirst, rowSecond, columnSecond);

        // Function to multiply two matrices.
        multiplyMatrices(firstMatrix, secondMatrix, mult, rowFirst, columnFirst, rowSecond, columnSecond);

        // Function to display resultant matrix after multiplication.
        display(mult, rowFirst, columnSecond);

	return 0;
}

void enterData(int firstMatrix[][10], int secondMatrix[][10], int rowFirst, int columnFirst, int rowSecond, int columnSecond)
{
	int i, j;
	cout << endl << "Enter elements of matrix 1:" << endl;
	for(i = 0; i < rowFirst; ++i)
	{
		for(j = 0; j < columnFirst; ++j)
		{
			cout << "Enter elements a"<< i + 1 << j + 1 << ": ";
			cin >> firstMatrix[i][j];
		}
	}

	cout << endl << "Enter elements of matrix 2:" << endl;
	for(i = 0; i < rowSecond; ++i)
	{
		for(j = 0; j < columnSecond; ++j)
		{
			cout << "Enter elements b" << i + 1 << j + 1 << ": ";
			cin >> secondMatrix[i][j];
		}
	}
}

void multiplyMatrices(int firstMatrix[][10], int secondMatrix[][10], int mult[][10], int rowFirst, int columnFirst, int rowSecond, int columnSecond)
{
	int i, j, k;

	// Initializing elements of matrix mult to 0.
	for(i = 0; i < rowFirst; ++i)
	{
		for(j = 0; j < columnSecond; ++j)
		{
			mult[i][j] = 0;
		}
	}

	// Multiplying matrix firstMatrix and secondMatrix and storing in array mult.
	for(i = 0; i < rowFirst; ++i)
	{
		for(j = 0; j < columnSecond; ++j)
		{
			for(k=0; k<columnFirst; ++k)
			{
				mult[i][j] += firstMatrix[i][k] * secondMatrix[k][j];
			}
		}
	}
}

void display(int mult[][10], int rowFirst, int columnSecond)
{
	int i, j;

	cout << "Output Matrix:" << endl;
	for(i = 0; i < rowFirst; ++i)
	{
		for(j = 0; j < columnSecond; ++j)
		{
			cout << mult[i][j] << " ";
			if(j == columnSecond - 1)
				cout << endl << endl;
		}
	}
} 
```

**输出**

```cpp
Enter rows and column for first matrix: 3
2
Enter rows and column for second matrix: 3
2
Error! column of first matrix not equal to row of second.

Enter rows and column for first matrix: 2
3
Enter rows and column for second matrix: 3
2

Enter elements of matrix 1:
Enter elements a11: 3
Enter elements a12: -2
Enter elements a13: 5
Enter elements a21: 3
Enter elements a22: 0
Enter elements a23: 4

Enter elements of matrix 2:
Enter elements b11: 2
Enter elements b12: 3
Enter elements b21: -9
Enter elements b22: 0
Enter elements b31: 0
Enter elements b32: 4

Output Matrix:
24 29

6  25 
```