From 840922e501da3b832d69b88ccc07b528ddbc34e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kingfo <wangqiuliang@huawei.com>
Date: Thu, 14 May 2020 17:02:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] add backward hook function in pynative mode

---
 mindspore/_extends/parse/parser.py            |   5 +-
 mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.cc               |   1 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.h                |   3 -
 mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive_base.h           |   7 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.cc               |   2 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.h                |   2 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/operator/prim_nn.cc           |  10 ++
 mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.cc      |   1 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.h       |   1 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/kprim.cc         |  52 ++++++-
 mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass.cc           |   7 +-
 .../optimizer/irpass/special_op_eliminate.h   |   4 +-
 .../ccsrc/pipeline/parse/data_converter.cc    |  38 ++++-
 .../ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.cc    |   1 +
 .../ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.h     |   2 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/vm/backend.cc                 |   3 +
 mindspore/ccsrc/vm/transform.cc               |  14 +-
 mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.cc                      |  56 +++++++-
 mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.h                       |   2 +
 mindspore/nn/cell.py                          |  36 +++++
 mindspore/ops/operations/__init__.py          |   3 +-
 mindspore/ops/operations/debug_ops.py         |  60 ++++++++
 tests/ut/python/pynative_mode/test_hook.py    | 133 ++++++++++++++++++
 23 files changed, 422 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/ut/python/pynative_mode/test_hook.py

diff --git a/mindspore/_extends/parse/parser.py b/mindspore/_extends/parse/parser.py
index 34a3a6c59..462565fd7 100644
--- a/mindspore/_extends/parse/parser.py
+++ b/mindspore/_extends/parse/parser.py
@@ -102,7 +102,10 @@ def get_parse_method_of_class(obj, parse_method=None):
         method_name = parse_method
     else:
         if isinstance(obj, nn.Cell):
-            method_name = "construct"
+            if obj.enable_hook:
+                method_name = "_hook_construct"
+            else:
+                method_name = "construct"
     if method_name is not None:
         if hasattr(obj, method_name):
             method = getattr(obj, method_name)
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.cc
index 4fd000ca5..7f6080828 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.cc
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ REGISTER_PYBIND_DEFINE(Primitive_, ([](const py::module *m) {
                            .def("get_attr_dict", &PrimitivePy::GetAttrDict, "get primitive attr")
                            .def("set_prim_type", &PrimitivePy::set_prim_type, "Set primitive type.")
                            .def("set_signatures", &PrimitivePy::set_signatures, "Set primitive inputs signature.")
+                           .def("register_hook", &PrimitivePy::set_hook, "Set primitive hook function.")
                            .def("set_instance_name", &PrimitivePy::set_instance_name, "Set primitive instance name.");
                        }));
 }  // namespace mindspore
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.h
index 1959b3199..1dd867fd1 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive.h
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>
 
-#include "pybind11/pybind11.h"
 #include "pipeline/static_analysis/abstract_value.h"
 #include "utils/misc.h"
 #include "utils/log_adapter.h"
@@ -31,8 +30,6 @@
 #include "ir/signature.h"
 #include "parallel/ops_info/operator_info.h"
 
-namespace py = pybind11;
-
 namespace mindspore {
 class PrimitivePy : public Primitive {
  public:
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive_base.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive_base.h
index 28135c8e7..1b347a307 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive_base.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/ir/primitive_base.h
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
 #include <tuple>
 
 #include "ir/dtype/type.h"
+#include "pybind11/pybind11.h"
+
+namespace py = pybind11;
 
 namespace mindspore {
 // Supported meta type
@@ -73,6 +76,9 @@ class Primitive : public Named {
     return iter == attrs_.cend() ? nullptr : iter->second;
   }
 
+  void set_hook(const py::function &hook) { hook_ = hook; }
+  py::function hook() const { return hook_; }
+
   const std::unordered_map<std::string, ValuePtr> &attrs() const { return attrs_; }
 
   // if Primitive has any attribute, for Primitives like scalar_add, return, etc, don't have any attribute.
@@ -103,6 +109,7 @@ class Primitive : public Named {
 
  private:
   std::string instance_name_;
+  py::function hook_;
   bool is_base_;
   bool has_signature_;
   PrimType prim_type_;
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.cc
index ddd698f6e..459b9650c 100755
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.cc
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ const PrimitivePtr kPrimRelu = std::make_shared<Primitive>("ReLU");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimReluV2 = std::make_shared<Primitive>("ReLUV2");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimZerosLikeTensor = std::make_shared<Primitive>("zeros_like_tensor");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimFakeBprop = std::make_shared<Primitive>("fake_bprop");
+const PrimitivePtr kPrimBpropCut = std::make_shared<Primitive>("bprop_cut");
 
 // Other miscellaneous
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimIdentity = std::make_shared<Primitive>("identity");
@@ -224,6 +225,7 @@ const PrimitivePtr kPrimGetRefKey = std::make_shared<Primitive>("get_ref_key");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimGetRefValue = std::make_shared<Primitive>("get_ref_value");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimGetRefOrigin = std::make_shared<Primitive>("get_ref_origin");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimInsertGradientOf = std::make_shared<Primitive>("InsertGradientOf");
+const PrimitivePtr kPrimHookBackward = std::make_shared<Primitive>("HookBackward");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimPrintShapeType = std::make_shared<Primitive>("PrintShapeType");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimSameTypeShape = std::make_shared<Primitive>("SameTypeShape");
 const PrimitivePtr kPrimCheckBprop = std::make_shared<Primitive>("CheckBprop");
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.h
index 1125feee7..19fac40c3 100755
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/ops.h
@@ -216,6 +216,7 @@ extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimReluV2;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimActivation;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimZerosLikeTensor;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimFakeBprop;
+extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimBpropCut;
 
 // Other Miscellaneous
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimIdentity;
@@ -230,6 +231,7 @@ extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimGetRefKey;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimGetRefValue;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimGetRefOrigin;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimInsertGradientOf;
+extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimHookBackward;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimPrintShapeType;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimPrint;
 extern const PrimitivePtr kPrimSameTypeShape;
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/prim_nn.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/prim_nn.cc
index d90c09256..d057fd925 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/prim_nn.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/operator/prim_nn.cc
@@ -285,6 +285,16 @@ AbstractBasePtr InferImplFakeBprop(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr
   return args_spec_list[0]->Broaden();
 }
 
+AbstractBasePtr InferImplBpropCut(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr &primitive,
+                                  const AbstractBasePtrList &args_spec_list) {
+  // Inputs: a tensor.
+  AbstractBasePtrList args_list;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < args_spec_list.size() - 2; i++) {
+    args_list.push_back(args_spec_list[i]->Broaden());
+  }
+  return std::make_shared<AbstractTuple>(args_list);
+}
+
 AbstractBasePtr InferImplLayerNorm(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr &primitive,
                                    const AbstractBasePtrList &args_spec_list) {
   // Inputs: three tensors(x, gamma, beta).
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.cc
index 6f648b572..06975b0e5 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.cc
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "operator/ops.h"
 #include "operator/composite/composite.h"
 #include "utils/symbolic.h"
+#include "utils/context/ms_context.h"
 #include "./common.h"
 
 namespace mindspore {
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.h
index 7da90e7c3..d11926b37 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/dfunctor.h
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ class KPrim {
   FuncGraphPtr GetBprop(const PrimitivePtr &prim);
   FuncGraphPtr GetFprop(const PrimitivePtr &prim);
   FuncGraphPtr FakeBprop(const ValueNodePtr &value_node, const pipeline::ResourceBasePtr &resources);
+  FuncGraphPtr BpropCut(const ValueNodePtr &value_node, const pipeline::ResourceBasePtr &resources);
   // Given a bprop rule, do the K mapping.
   template <typename T>
   FuncGraphPtr BpropToK(const T &primal, const FuncGraphPtr &bprop_g);
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/kprim.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/kprim.cc
index 6b68d1564..72f25f4b3 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/kprim.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/ad/kprim.cc
@@ -115,10 +115,15 @@ FuncGraphPtr KPrim::KPrimitive(const ValueNodePtr &value_node, const pipeline::R
   }
 
   bool is_faked_bprop = false;
-  auto bprop_fg = GetBprop(prim);
-  if (bprop_fg == nullptr) {
-    bprop_fg = FakeBprop(value_node, resources);
-    is_faked_bprop = true;
+  FuncGraphPtr bprop_fg = nullptr;
+  if (prim->Hash() == prim::kPrimHookBackward->Hash() && prim->name() == "HookBackward") {
+    bprop_fg = BpropCut(value_node, resources);
+  } else {
+    bprop_fg = GetBprop(prim);
+    if (bprop_fg == nullptr) {
+      bprop_fg = FakeBprop(value_node, resources);
+      is_faked_bprop = true;
+    }
   }
 
   auto expanded_fg = BpropToK(prim, bprop_fg);
@@ -206,6 +211,45 @@ FuncGraphPtr KPrim::KUserDefinedCellBprop(const FuncGraphPtr bprop_fg) {
   return expanded_fg;
 }
 
+FuncGraphPtr KPrim::BpropCut(const ValueNodePtr &value_node, const pipeline::ResourceBasePtr &resources) {
+  auto prim = GetValueNode<PrimitivePtr>(value_node);
+  MS_EXCEPTION_IF_NULL(prim);
+  auto &node_users = resources->manager()->node_users();
+
+  auto &users = node_users[value_node];
+  auto cnode = std::find_if(users.begin(), users.end(), [&prim](const std::pair<AnfNodePtr, int> &user) -> bool {
+    return IsPrimitiveCNode(user.first, prim);
+  });
+  if (cnode == users.end()) {
+    MS_LOG(EXCEPTION) << "Fail to find cnode.";
+  }
+  auto inputs_num = cnode->first->cast<CNodePtr>()->size() - 1;
+
+  auto func_graph = std::make_shared<FuncGraph>();
+  std::vector<AnfNodePtr> outputs;
+
+  auto bprop_cut = std::make_shared<Primitive>("bprop_cut");
+  bprop_cut->set_hook(prim->hook());
+  auto cell_id = GetValue<std::string>(prim->GetAttr("cell_id"));
+  if (cell_id != "") {
+    (void)bprop_cut->AddAttr("cell_hook", MakeValue(true));
+    (void)bprop_cut->AddAttr("cell_id", MakeValue(cell_id));
+  }
+
+  outputs.push_back(NewValueNode(bprop_cut));
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs_num; ++i) {
+    auto param = func_graph->add_parameter();
+    outputs.push_back(param);
+  }
+  auto p1 = func_graph->add_parameter();
+  auto p2 = func_graph->add_parameter();
+  outputs.push_back(p1);
+  outputs.push_back(p2);
+
+  func_graph->set_output(func_graph->NewCNode(outputs));
+  return func_graph;
+}
+
 FuncGraphPtr KPrim::FakeBprop(const ValueNodePtr &value_node, const pipeline::ResourceBasePtr &resources) {
   auto prim = value_node->value()->cast<PrimitivePtr>();
   MS_EXCEPTION_IF_NULL(prim);
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass.cc
index d2f7d6035..2ac0bc21c 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass.cc
@@ -49,9 +49,10 @@ OptimizeIRPassLib::OptimizeIRPassLib() {
   arithmetic_simplify_ = MakeSubstitution(ArithmeticSimplify(), "arithmetic_simplify",
                                           {prim::kPrimScalarAdd, prim::kPrimScalarMul, prim::kPrimTensorAdd,
                                            prim::kPrimIdentity, prim::kPrimMomentum, prim::kPrimMul});
-  special_op_eliminate_ = MakeSubstitution(SpecialOpEliminater(), "special_op_eliminate",
-                                           {prim::kPrimInsertGradientOf, prim::kPrimPrintShapeType,
-                                            prim::kPrimGetRefKey, prim::kPrimMirror, prim::kPrimVirtualDiv});
+  special_op_eliminate_ =
+    MakeSubstitution(SpecialOpEliminater(), "special_op_eliminate",
+                     {prim::kPrimInsertGradientOf, prim::kPrimHookBackward, prim::kPrimPrintShapeType,
+                      prim::kPrimGetRefKey, prim::kPrimMirror, prim::kPrimVirtualDiv});
   zero_like_fill_zero_ = MakeSubstitution(ZeroLikeFillZero(), "zero_like_fill_zero", prim::kPrimZerosLikeTensor);
   adjust_all_reduce_mul_add_ = MakeSubstitution(AdjustAllReduceMulAdd(), "adjust_all_reduce_mul_add", prim::kPrimAddN);
 
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass/special_op_eliminate.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass/special_op_eliminate.h
index 30a94c9bf..aa23441bb 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass/special_op_eliminate.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/optimizer/irpass/special_op_eliminate.h
@@ -35,11 +35,13 @@ class SpecialOpEliminater {
  public:
   SpecialOpEliminater()
       : insert_gradient_of_(prim::kPrimInsertGradientOf),
+        hook_backward_(prim::kPrimHookBackward),
         print_shape_type_(prim::kPrimPrintShapeType),
         get_ref_value_(prim::kPrimGetRefValue),
         mirror_(prim::kPrimMirror),
         virtual_div_(prim::kPrimVirtualDiv) {
     eliminaters_.emplace_back(insert_gradient_of_);
+    eliminaters_.emplace_back(hook_backward_);
     eliminaters_.emplace_back(print_shape_type_);
     eliminaters_.emplace_back(get_ref_value_);
     eliminaters_.emplace_back(mirror_);
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ class SpecialOpEliminater {
   }
 
  private:
-  PrimEliminater insert_gradient_of_, print_shape_type_, get_ref_value_, mirror_, virtual_div_;
+  PrimEliminater insert_gradient_of_, hook_backward_, print_shape_type_, get_ref_value_, mirror_, virtual_div_;
   std::vector<TransformFuncType> eliminaters_{};
 };
 
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/parse/data_converter.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/parse/data_converter.cc
index 01c732518..5dbb8bc45 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/parse/data_converter.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/parse/data_converter.cc
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "operator/composite/composite.h"
 #include "ir/func_graph_cloner.h"
 #include "utils/symbolic.h"
+#include "utils/context/ms_context.h"
 #include "debug/trace.h"
 
 namespace mindspore {
@@ -207,6 +208,35 @@ bool ConvertTensor(const py::object &obj, ValuePtr *const data) {
   return true;
 }
 
+FuncGraphPtr ConvertToBpropCut(py::object obj) {
+  std::vector<std::string> results = data_converter::GetObjKey(obj);
+  std::string obj_key = results[0];
+  py::function bprop_func = py::getattr(obj, "bprop");
+
+  FuncGraphPtr bprop_graph = std::make_shared<FuncGraph>();
+  std::vector<AnfNodePtr> outputs;
+
+  auto fake_bprop = std::make_shared<Primitive>("bprop_cut");
+  fake_bprop->set_hook(bprop_func);
+  (void)fake_bprop->AddAttr("bprop", MakeValue(true));
+  outputs.push_back(NewValueNode(fake_bprop));
+
+  py::object code_obj = py::getattr(bprop_func, "__code__");
+  size_t inputs_num = py::cast<int>(py::getattr(code_obj, "co_argcount")) - 3;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs_num; ++i) {
+    auto param = bprop_graph->add_parameter();
+    outputs.push_back(param);
+  }
+  auto p1 = bprop_graph->add_parameter();
+  auto p2 = bprop_graph->add_parameter();
+  outputs.push_back(p1);
+  outputs.push_back(p2);
+
+  bprop_graph->set_output(bprop_graph->NewCNode(outputs));
+  data_converter::SetObjGraphValue(obj_key, bprop_graph);
+  return bprop_graph;
+}
+
 bool ConvertOtherObj(py::object obj, ValuePtr *const data) {
   auto obj_type = data_converter::GetObjType(obj);
   MS_LOG(DEBUG) << "Converting the object(" << ((std::string)py::str(obj)) << ") detail type: " << obj_type << " ";
@@ -238,7 +268,13 @@ bool ConvertOtherObj(py::object obj, ValuePtr *const data) {
       }
       // if the cell object has specified bprop, it has user-defined bprop function parse and record it
       if (py::hasattr(obj, "bprop")) {
-        FuncGraphPtr bprop_graph = ConvertToFuncGraph(obj, PYTHON_MOD_GET_BPROP_METHOD);
+        FuncGraphPtr bprop_graph = nullptr;
+        bool enable_bprop_debug = py::cast<bool>(py::getattr(obj, "bprop_debug"));
+        if (enable_bprop_debug) {
+          bprop_graph = ConvertToBpropCut(obj);
+        } else {
+          bprop_graph = ConvertToFuncGraph(obj, PYTHON_MOD_GET_BPROP_METHOD);
+        }
         if (bprop_graph != nullptr) {
           (void)func_graph->transforms().insert(std::make_pair("bprop", FuncGraphTransform(bprop_graph)));
           (void)bprop_graph->transforms().insert(std::make_pair("primal", FuncGraphTransform(func_graph)));
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.cc
index d37657ce4..e5abfb33c 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.cc
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ PrimitiveEvalImplMap &GetPrimitiveToEvalImplMap() {
     {prim::kPrimRelu, {InferImplRelu, true}},
     {prim::kPrimZerosLikeTensor, {InferImplZerosLikeTensor, true}},
     {prim::kPrimFakeBprop, {InferImplFakeBprop, false}},
+    {prim::kPrimBpropCut, {InferImplBpropCut, true}},
     {prim::kPrimLayerNorm, {InferImplLayerNorm, true}},
     {prim::kPrimLayerNormGrad, {InferImplLayerNormGrad, true}},
     {prim::kPrimDropoutGenMask, {InferImplDropoutGenMask, true}},
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.h
index 3969e76bf..783691101 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/pipeline/static_analysis/prim.h
@@ -210,6 +210,8 @@ AbstractBasePtr InferImplZerosLikeTensor(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const Primit
                                          const AbstractBasePtrList &args_spec_list);
 AbstractBasePtr InferImplFakeBprop(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr &primitive,
                                    const AbstractBasePtrList &args_spec_list);
+AbstractBasePtr InferImplBpropCut(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr &primitive,
+                                  const AbstractBasePtrList &args_spec_list);
 AbstractBasePtr InferImplLayerNorm(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr &primitive,
                                    const AbstractBasePtrList &args_spec_list);
 AbstractBasePtr InferImplLayerNormGrad(const AnalysisEnginePtr &, const PrimitivePtr &primitive,
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/backend.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/backend.cc
index a9f526418..b447bb822 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/backend.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/backend.cc
@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ LinConvertResult MsBackend::MsConvert(const AnfNodePtrList &lst) {
   result.outputs = outputs;
   result.graph_id = kInvalidGraphId;
   auto graph_id = sess_->CompileGraph(lst, outputs);
+  if (MsContext::GetInstance()->execution_mode() == kPynativeMode) {
+    sess_->BuildGraph(graph_id);
+  }
   if (MsContext::GetInstance()->precompile_only()) {
     MS_LOG(INFO) << "PrecompileOnly, stop run graph";
     return result;
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/transform.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/transform.cc
index e8b47a4bc..604661420 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/transform.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/transform.cc
@@ -40,9 +40,10 @@ using MapPrimTypeFuncGraph = std::map<PrimTypePair, FuncGraphPtr>;
 using TypedPrimitiveAbstractClosurePtr = std::shared_ptr<abstract::TypedPrimitiveAbstractClosure>;
 
 std::vector<PrimitivePtr> nonlinear_ops = {prim::kPrimReturn, prim::kPrimPartial, prim::kPrimSwitch,
-                                           prim::kPrimMakeTuple};
+                                           prim::kPrimMakeTuple, prim::kPrimBpropCut};
 const std::vector<PrimitivePtr> &GetMsNonlinearOps() {
-  static const std::vector<PrimitivePtr> ms_nonlinear_ops = {prim::kPrimReturn, prim::kPrimPartial, prim::kPrimSwitch};
+  static const std::vector<PrimitivePtr> ms_nonlinear_ops = {prim::kPrimReturn, prim::kPrimPartial, prim::kPrimSwitch,
+                                                             prim::kPrimBpropCut};
   return ms_nonlinear_ops;
 }
 
@@ -646,8 +647,13 @@ BackendPtr CreateBackend() {
     auto backend = std::make_shared<MsBackend>(name, target, device_id);
     std::string device_target = MsContext::GetInstance()->device_target();
     if (device_target == kAscendDevice) {
-      backend->set_is_multi_graph_sink(true);
-      context_ptr->set_is_multi_graph_sink(true);
+      if (MsContext::GetInstance()->execution_mode() == kPynativeMode) {
+        backend->set_is_multi_graph_sink(false);
+        context_ptr->set_is_multi_graph_sink(false);
+      } else {
+        backend->set_is_multi_graph_sink(true);
+        context_ptr->set_is_multi_graph_sink(true);
+      }
     }
     return backend;
   }
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.cc b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.cc
index 3a34eba18..d7784457d 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.cc
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.cc
@@ -587,15 +587,65 @@ void FinalVM::InstPushPrim(const VectorRef &args) {
   VectorRef tuple;
   auto prim = utils::cast<PrimitivePtr>(args[0]);
   for (size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); ++i) {
-    auto index = utils::cast<int>(args[1]);
+    auto index = utils::cast<int>(args[i]);
     tuple.push_back(Ref(index));
   }
 
-  auto outs = RunOperation(prim, tuple);
-  Push(outs);
+  if (prim->name() == "bprop_cut") {
+    auto outs = RunHook(prim, tuple);
+    Push(outs);
+  } else {
+    auto outs = RunOperation(prim, tuple);
+    Push(outs);
+  }
 
   MS_LOG(DEBUG) << "End";
 }
 
+BaseRef FinalVM::RunHook(const PrimitivePtr &prim, const VectorRef &args) {
+  py::tuple py_args = py::tuple(args.size());
+  MS_LOG(DEBUG) << "input for operation:";
+  size_t i = 0;
+  for (auto &arg : args) {
+    py_args[i] = BaseRefToPyData(arg);
+    MS_LOG(DEBUG) << "arg: " << i << ":";
+    i++;
+  }
+  py::object obj;
+  bool is_bprop = prim->HasAttr("bprop");
+  if (is_bprop) {
+    py::function fn_bprop = prim->hook();
+    obj = fn_bprop(*py_args);
+    return obj;
+  }
+  bool is_cell = prim->HasAttr("cell_hook");
+  if (is_cell) {
+    std::string cell_id = GetValue<std::string>(prim->GetAttr("cell_id"));
+    if (_hook_grad.find(cell_id) != _hook_grad.end()) {
+      py::tuple hook_args = py::tuple(3);
+      hook_args[0] = cell_id;
+      hook_args[1] = _hook_grad[cell_id];
+      hook_args[2] = py_args[2];
+      py::function fn_hook = prim->hook();
+      obj = fn_hook(*hook_args);
+      if (py::isinstance<py::none>(obj)) {
+        obj = py_args[2];
+      }
+      _hook_grad.erase(cell_id);
+    } else {
+      _hook_grad[cell_id] = py_args[2];
+      obj = py_args[2];
+    }
+  } else {
+    py::function fn_hook = prim->hook();
+    obj = fn_hook(py_args[2]);
+    if (py::isinstance<py::none>(obj)) {
+      obj = py_args[2];
+    }
+  }
+  obj = py::make_tuple(obj);
+  return obj;
+}
+
 }  // namespace compile
 }  // namespace mindspore
diff --git a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.h b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.h
index a9832ab5e..c72737a1d 100644
--- a/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.h
+++ b/mindspore/ccsrc/vm/vm.h
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ class FinalVM {
   void InstPushPrim(const VectorRef &args);
   void InstSwitchReturn(const VectorRef &args);
   void set_insts(const InstSet &value) { insts_ = value; }
+  BaseRef RunHook(const PrimitivePtr &prim, const VectorRef &args);
 
  protected:
   BaseRef Ref(int i);
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@ class FinalVM {
     {Instruction::kPrim, [this](const VectorRef &args) { InstPushPrim(args); }},
     {Instruction::kSwitchReturn, [this](const VectorRef &args) { InstSwitchReturn(args); }},
   };
+  std::map<std::string, py::object> _hook_grad;
 };
 
 using FinalVMPtr = std::shared_ptr<FinalVM>;
diff --git a/mindspore/nn/cell.py b/mindspore/nn/cell.py
index 9953c2431..0937ac3f7 100755
--- a/mindspore/nn/cell.py
+++ b/mindspore/nn/cell.py
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ from .._checkparam import _check_str_by_regular
 from ..common.parameter import Parameter, ParameterTuple
 from .._c_expression import init_backend
 from ..ops.primitive import Primitive
+from ..ops.operations import HookBackward
 from ..parallel._tensor import _load_tensor_by_layout
 from ..common.tensor import Tensor
 
@@ -75,6 +76,9 @@ class Cell:
         self._parallel_inputs_run = None
         if flags:
             self.add_flags(**flags)
+        self._backward_hook = None
+        self._enable_hook = False
+        self._bprop_debug = False
 
     @property
     def create_time(self):
@@ -91,6 +95,16 @@ class Cell:
         """
         return self._param_prefix
 
+    @property
+    def bprop_debug(self):
+        return self._bprop_debug
+
+    @bprop_debug.setter
+    def bprop_debug(self, value):
+        if not isinstance(value, bool):
+            raise TypeError("'bprop debug' value must be bool type.")
+        self._bprop_debug = value
+
     def update_cell_prefix(self):
         """
         Update the all child cells' self.param_prefix.
@@ -728,3 +742,25 @@ class Cell:
         self._auto_parallel_mode = True
         self.add_flags(auto_parallel=True)
         self._get_construct_inputs_number_and_name()
+
+    def _hook_construct(self, inputs):
+        """Hook construct method to replace original construct method when hook function enabled."""
+        inputs = self._backward_hook(inputs)
+        inputs = self.construct(inputs)
+        outputs = self._backward_hook(inputs)
+        return outputs
+
+    @property
+    def enable_hook(self):
+        """Whether the cell register hook function"""
+        return self._enable_hook
+
+    def register_backward_hook(self, fn):
+        """
+        Set the cell backward hook function.
+
+        Args:
+            fn (function): Specifies the hook function with grad as input.
+        """
+        self._backward_hook = HookBackward(fn, str(id(self)))
+        self._enable_hook = True
diff --git a/mindspore/ops/operations/__init__.py b/mindspore/ops/operations/__init__.py
index 5151c0b36..40fdee594 100644
--- a/mindspore/ops/operations/__init__.py
+++ b/mindspore/ops/operations/__init__.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from .array_ops import (Argmax, Argmin, Cast, Concat, Pack, Unpack,
 from .comm_ops import (AllGather, AllReduce, _AlltoAll, ReduceScatter, Broadcast,
                        _MirrorOperator, ReduceOp, _VirtualDataset,
                        _VirtualDiv, _GetTensorSlice)
-from .debug_ops import (ImageSummary, InsertGradientOf, ScalarSummary,
+from .debug_ops import (ImageSummary, InsertGradientOf, HookBackward, ScalarSummary,
                         TensorSummary, HistogramSummary, Print)
 from .control_ops import ControlDepend, GeSwitch, Merge
 from .inner_ops import ScalarCast
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ __all__ = [
     'HistogramSummary',
     "Print",
     'InsertGradientOf',
+    'HookBackward',
     'InvertPermutation',
     'Shape',
     'DropoutDoMask',
diff --git a/mindspore/ops/operations/debug_ops.py b/mindspore/ops/operations/debug_ops.py
index 6887c778e..aae2d7dcf 100644
--- a/mindspore/ops/operations/debug_ops.py
+++ b/mindspore/ops/operations/debug_ops.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 # ============================================================================
 
 """debug_ops"""
+from types import FunctionType
 from ..._checkparam import Validator as validator
 from ...common import dtype as mstype
 from ..primitive import Primitive, prim_attr_register, PrimitiveWithInfer
@@ -193,6 +194,65 @@ class InsertGradientOf(PrimitiveWithInfer):
         return x_type
 
 
+class HookBackward(PrimitiveWithInfer):
+    """
+    Used as tag to hook gradient in intermediate variables.
+
+    Note:
+        The hook function should have one input of gradient of the variable.
+        hook function will be executed in python environment, while callback
+        of InsertGradientOf will be parsed and added to the graph.
+
+    Args:
+        hook_fn (Function): Python function. hook function.
+
+    Inputs:
+        - **inputs** (Tensor) - The variable to hook.
+
+    Examples:
+        >>> def hook_fn(grad_out):
+        >>>     print(grad_out)
+        >>>
+        >>> hook = P.HookBackward(hook_fn)
+        >>>
+        >>> def hook_test(x, y):
+        >>>     z = x * y
+        >>>     z = hook(z)
+        >>>     z = z * y
+        >>>     return z
+        >>>
+        >>> def backward(x, y):
+        >>>     return C.grad_all(hook_test)(x, y)
+        >>>
+        >>> backward(1, 2)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, hook_fn, cell_id=""):
+        super(HookBackward, self).__init__(self.__class__.__name__)
+        self.add_prim_attr("cell_id", cell_id)
+        self.init_attrs["cell_id"] = cell_id
+        if not isinstance(hook_fn, FunctionType):
+            raise TypeError("Hook function should be python function type.")
+        self.register_hook(hook_fn)
+        self.cell_id = cell_id
+
+    def __call__(self, *inputs):
+        """run in PyNative mode."""
+        if len(inputs) == 1:
+            return inputs[0]
+        return inputs
+
+    def infer_shape(self, *inputs_shape):
+        if len(inputs_shape) == 1:
+            return inputs_shape[0]
+        return inputs_shape
+
+    def infer_dtype(self, *inputs_type):
+        if len(inputs_type) == 1:
+            return inputs_type[0]
+        return inputs_type
+
+
 class Print(PrimitiveWithInfer):
     """
     Output tensor or string to stdout.
diff --git a/tests/ut/python/pynative_mode/test_hook.py b/tests/ut/python/pynative_mode/test_hook.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..63d712876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ut/python/pynative_mode/test_hook.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+import numpy as np
+import mindspore.nn as nn
+import mindspore.ops.operations as P
+from mindspore import context
+from mindspore.ops import composite as C
+from mindspore.common import dtype as mstype
+from mindspore import context, Tensor, ParameterTuple
+from mindspore.common.initializer import TruncatedNormal
+from mindspore.nn import Dense, WithLossCell, SoftmaxCrossEntropyWithLogits, Momentum
+
+context.set_context(mode=context.PYNATIVE_MODE, device_target="GPU")
+
+
+def conv(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=1, padding=0):
+    """weight initial for conv layer"""
+    weight = weight_variable()
+    return nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels,
+                     kernel_size=kernel_size, stride=stride, padding=padding,
+                     weight_init=weight, has_bias=False, pad_mode="valid")
+
+def fc_with_initialize(input_channels, out_channels):
+    """weight initial for fc layer"""
+    weight = weight_variable()
+    bias = weight_variable()
+    return nn.Dense(input_channels, out_channels, weight, bias)
+
+def weight_variable():
+    """weight initial"""
+    return TruncatedNormal(0.02)
+
+def cell_hook_function(cell_id, grad_input, grad_output):
+    print(cell_id)
+    assert(grad_output.asnumpy().shape == (32, 6, 14, 14))
+    assert(grad_input.asnumpy().shape == (32, 16, 10, 10))
+
+
+def var_hook_function(grad_out):
+    print("grad:", grad_out)
+    assert(grad_out.asnumpy().shape == (32, 120))
+
+
+class LeNet5(nn.Cell):
+    """
+    Lenet network
+    Args:
+        num_class (int): Num classes. Default: 10.
+        
+    Returns:
+        Tensor, output tensor
+
+    Examples:
+        >>> LeNet(num_class=10)
+    """
+    def __init__(self, num_class=10):
+        super(LeNet5, self).__init__()
+        self.num_class = num_class
+        self.batch_size = 32
+        self.conv1 = conv(1, 6, 5)
+        self.conv2 = conv(6, 16, 5)
+        self.conv2.register_backward_hook(cell_hook_function)
+        self.fc1 = fc_with_initialize(16 * 5 * 5, 120)
+        self.fc2 = fc_with_initialize(120, 84)
+        self.fc3 = fc_with_initialize(84, self.num_class)
+        self.relu = nn.ReLU()
+        self.max_pool2d = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)
+        self.reshape = P.Reshape()
+        self.hook = P.HookBackward(var_hook_function)
+
+    def construct(self, x):
+        x = self.conv1(x)
+        x = self.relu(x)
+        x = self.max_pool2d(x)
+        x = self.conv2(x)
+        x = self.relu(x)
+        x = self.max_pool2d(x)
+        x = self.reshape(x, (self.batch_size, -1))
+        x = self.fc1(x)
+        x = self.hook(x)
+        x = self.relu(x)
+        x = self.fc2(x)
+        x = self.relu(x)
+        x = self.fc3(x)
+        return x
+
+    
+class GradWrap(nn.Cell):
+    """ GradWrap definition """
+    def __init__(self, network):
+        super(GradWrap, self).__init__(auto_prefix=False)
+        self.network = network
+        self.weights = ParameterTuple(filter(lambda x: x.requires_grad, network.get_parameters()))
+
+    def construct(self, x, label):
+        weights = self.weights
+        return C.GradOperation('get_by_list', get_by_list=True)(self.network, weights)(x, label)
+
+def test_hook():
+    net = LeNet5()
+    optimizer = Momentum(filter(lambda x: x.requires_grad, net.get_parameters()), 0.1, 0.9)
+    criterion = nn.SoftmaxCrossEntropyWithLogits(is_grad=False, sparse=False)
+    net_with_criterion = WithLossCell(net, criterion)
+    train_network = GradWrap(net_with_criterion)
+    train_network.set_train()
+    
+    input_data = Tensor(np.ones([net.batch_size, 1, 32, 32]).astype(np.float32) * 0.01)
+    label = Tensor(np.ones([net.batch_size, net.num_class]).astype(np.float32))
+    output = net(Tensor(input_data))
+    loss_output = criterion(output, label)
+    grads = train_network(input_data, label)
+    success = optimizer(grads)
+    print(loss_output.asnumpy().shape)
+
+
+
+
+class MulAdd(nn.Cell):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(MulAdd, self).__init__()
+
+    def construct(self, x, y):
+        return 2 * x + y
+
+    def bprop(self, x, y, out, dout):
+        assert(x == 1)
+        assert(y == 2)
+        assert(out == 4)
+        assert(dout == 1)
+        return 3 * dout, 2 * y
+
+def test_custom_bprop():
+    mul_add = MulAdd()
+    mul_add.bprop_debug = True
+    assert C.grad_all(mul_add)(1, 2) == (3, 4)
-- 
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