# Copyright (c) 2020 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. from __future__ import print_function from ..fluid.layers import core from ..fluid.layer_helper import LayerHelper from ..fluid.framework import Variable, OpProtoHolder, in_dygraph_mode, convert_np_dtype_to_dtype_, device_guard, dygraph_only from ..fluid.data_feeder import convert_dtype, check_variable_and_dtype, check_type, check_dtype from ..fluid.layers.tensor import fill_constant from ..fluid.layers import utils import numpy as np # TODO: define functions to manipulate a tensor from ..fluid.layers import cast # noqa: F401 from ..fluid.layers import slice # noqa: F401 from ..fluid.layers import transpose # noqa: F401 from ..fluid.layers import unstack # noqa: F401 from ..fluid.layers import scatter_nd # noqa: F401 from ..fluid.layers import shard_index # noqa: F401 from ..fluid.layers.nn import _elementwise_op_in_dygraph from ..fluid import layers from ..fluid.dygraph.inplace_utils import inplace_apis_in_dygraph_only import paddle from paddle import _C_ops from paddle.tensor.attribute import _complex_to_real_dtype, _real_to_complex_dtype __all__ = [] @dygraph_only def fill_(x, value): """ **Notes**: **This API is ONLY available in Dygraph mode** This function fill the Tensor with value inplace. Args: x(Tensor): ``x`` is the Tensor we want to filled data inplace value(Scale): ``value`` is the value to be filled in x Returns: x(Tensor): Tensor x filled with value inplace Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle tensor = paddle.to_tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) tensor.fill_(0) print(tensor.tolist()) #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0] """ if not isinstance(value, (float, int)): raise TypeError( "The type of 'value' must be int or float, but received %s." % (type(value))) return core.ops.fill_any_(x, "value_float", float(value), "value_int", int(value)) setattr(core.VarBase, 'fill_', fill_) @dygraph_only def zero_(x): """ **Notes**: **This API is ONLY available in Dygraph mode** This function fill the Tensor with zero inplace. Args: x(Tensor): ``x`` is the Tensor we want to filled with zero inplace Returns: x(Tensor): Tensor x filled with zero inplace Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle tensor = paddle.to_tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) tensor.zero_() print(tensor.tolist()) #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0] """ return core.ops.fill_any_(x, "value_float", 0., "value_int", int(0)) setattr(core.VarBase, 'zero_', zero_) @dygraph_only def fill_diagonal_(x, value, offset=0, wrap=False, name=None): """ **Notes**: **This API is ONLY available in Dygraph mode** This function fill the value into the x Tensor's diagonal inplace. Args: x(Tensor): ``x`` is the original Tensor value(Scale): ``value`` is the value to filled in x offset(int,optional): the offset to the main diagonal. Default: 0 (main diagonal). wrap(bool,optional): the diagonal 'wrapped' after N columns for tall matrices. name(str,optional): Name for the operation (optional, default is None) Returns: Tensor: Tensor with diagonal filled with value. Returns type: dtype is same as x Tensor Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.ones((4, 3)) * 2 x.fill_diagonal_(1.0) print(x.tolist()) #[[1.0, 2.0, 2.0], [2.0, 1.0, 2.0], [2.0, 2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 2.0, 2.0]] """ helper = LayerHelper("fill_diagonal_", **locals()) check_type(x, 'X', (Variable), 'fill_diagonal_') dtype = helper.input_dtype('x') check_dtype(dtype, 'X', ['bool', 'float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'fill_diagonal_') check_type(value, 'value', (bool, int, float), 'fill_diagonal_') check_type(wrap, 'wrap', (bool), 'fill_diagonal_') inshape = x.shape inshapeset = set(inshape) assert len(inshape) >= 2, ('Tensor dims should >= 2 in fill_diagonal_ API') if len(inshape) > 2: assert len(inshapeset) == 1, ( 'Tensor dims should be equal while input dims > 2 in fill_diagonal_ API' ) if len(inshape) == 2: return core.ops.fill_diagonal_(x, 'value', value, 'offset', offset, 'wrap', wrap) return core.ops.fill_diagonal_(x, 'value', value, 'offset', offset, 'wrap', True) setattr(core.VarBase, 'fill_diagonal_', fill_diagonal_) def _fill_diagonal_tensor_impl(x, y, offset=0, dim1=0, dim2=1, inplace=False): inshape = x.shape assert dim1 < len(inshape) and dim1 >= -len(inshape), ( 'dim1 should between [-rank,rank) in fill_diagonal_tensor_') assert dim2 < len(inshape) and dim2 >= -len(inshape), ( 'dim2 should between [-rank,rank) in fill_diagonal_tensor_') assert len(inshape) >= 2, ( 'Tensor dims should >= 2 in fill_diagonal_tensor_') dim1 %= len(inshape) dim2 %= len(inshape) predshape = [] for i in range(len(inshape)): if i != dim1 and i != dim2: predshape.append(inshape[i]) diaglen = min( min(inshape[dim1], inshape[dim1] + offset), min(inshape[dim2], inshape[dim2] - offset)) predshape.append(diaglen) assert tuple(predshape) == tuple(y.shape), ( "the y shape should be {}".format(predshape)) if len(y.shape) == 1: y = y.reshape([1, -1]) if inplace: return core.ops.fill_diagonal_tensor_(x, y, 'dim1', dim1, 'dim2', dim2, 'offset', offset) return core.ops.fill_diagonal_tensor(x, y, 'dim1', dim1, 'dim2', dim2, 'offset', offset) def fill_diagonal_tensor_(x, y, offset=0, dim1=0, dim2=1, name=None): """ **Notes**: **This API is ONLY available in Dygraph mode** This function fill the source Tensor y into the x Tensor's diagonal inplace. Args: x(Tensor): ``x`` is the original Tensor y(Tensor): ``y`` is the Tensor to filled in x dim1(int,optional): first dimension with respect to which to fill diagonal. Default: 0. dim2(int,optional): second dimension with respect to which to fill diagonal. Default: 1. offset(int,optional): the offset to the main diagonal. Default: 0 (main diagonal). name(str,optional): Name for the operation (optional, default is None) Returns: Tensor: Tensor with diagonal filled with y. Returns type: list: dtype is same as x Tensor Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.ones((4, 3)) * 2 y = paddle.ones((3,)) x.fill_diagonal_tensor_(y) print(x.tolist()) #[[1.0, 2.0, 2.0], [2.0, 1.0, 2.0], [2.0, 2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 2.0, 2.0]] """ return _fill_diagonal_tensor_impl( x, y, offset=offset, dim1=dim1, dim2=dim2, inplace=True) setattr(core.VarBase, 'fill_diagonal_tensor_', fill_diagonal_tensor_) def fill_diagonal_tensor(x, y, offset=0, dim1=0, dim2=1, name=None): """ This function fill the source Tensor y into the x Tensor's diagonal. Args: x(Tensor): ``x`` is the original Tensor y(Tensor): ``y`` is the Tensor to filled in x dim1(int,optional): first dimension with respect to which to fill diagonal. Default: 0. dim2(int,optional): second dimension with respect to which to fill diagonal. Default: 1. offset(int,optional): the offset to the main diagonal. Default: 0 (main diagonal). name(str,optional): Name for the operation (optional, default is None) Returns: Tensor: Tensor with diagonal filled with y. Returns type: list: dtype is same as x Tensor Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.ones((4, 3)) * 2 y = paddle.ones((3,)) nx = x.fill_diagonal_tensor(y) print(nx.tolist()) #[[1.0, 2.0, 2.0], [2.0, 1.0, 2.0], [2.0, 2.0, 1.0], [2.0, 2.0, 2.0]] """ return _fill_diagonal_tensor_impl( x, y, offset=offset, dim1=dim1, dim2=dim2, inplace=False) setattr(core.VarBase, 'fill_diagonal_tensor', fill_diagonal_tensor) @dygraph_only def tolist(x): """ **Notes**: **This API is ONLY available in Dygraph mode** This function translate the paddle.Tensor to python list. Args: x(Tensor): ``x`` is the Tensor we want to translate to list Returns: list: A list that contain the same value of current Tensor. Returns type: list: dtype is same as current Tensor Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle t = paddle.to_tensor([0,1,2,3,4]) expectlist = t.tolist() print(expectlist) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4] expectlist = paddle.tolist(t) print(expectlist) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4] """ return x.numpy().tolist() setattr(core.VarBase, 'tolist', tolist) def concat(x, axis=0, name=None): """ This OP concatenates the input along the axis. Args: x(list|tuple): ``x`` is a Tensor list or Tensor tuple which is with data type bool, float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, uint8. All the Tensors in ``x`` must have same data type. axis(int|Tensor, optional): Specify the axis to operate on the input Tensors. It's a scalar with data type int or a Tensor with shape [1] and data type int32 or int64. The effective range is [-R, R), where R is Rank(x). When ``axis < 0``, it works the same way as ``axis+R``. Default is 0. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: Tensor: A Tensor with the same data type as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x1 = paddle.to_tensor([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) x2 = paddle.to_tensor([[11, 12, 13], [14, 15, 16]]) x3 = paddle.to_tensor([[21, 22], [23, 24]]) zero = paddle.full(shape=[1], dtype='int32', fill_value=0) # When the axis is negative, the real axis is (axis + Rank(x)) # As follow, axis is -1, Rank(x) is 2, the real axis is 1 out1 = paddle.concat(x=[x1, x2, x3], axis=-1) out2 = paddle.concat(x=[x1, x2], axis=0) out3 = paddle.concat(x=[x1, x2], axis=zero) # out1 # [[ 1 2 3 11 12 13 21 22] # [ 4 5 6 14 15 16 23 24]] # out2 out3 # [[ 1 2 3] # [ 4 5 6] # [11 12 13] # [14 15 16]] """ return paddle.fluid.layers.concat(input=x, axis=axis, name=name) def broadcast_tensors(input, name=None): """ This OP broadcast a list of tensors following broadcast semantics .. note:: If you want know more about broadcasting, please refer to :ref:`user_guide_broadcasting`. Args: input(list|tuple): ``input`` is a Tensor list or Tensor tuple which is with data type bool, float16, float32, float64, int32, int64. All the Tensors in ``input`` must have same data type. Currently we only support tensors with rank no greater than 5. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: list(Tensor): The list of broadcasted tensors following the same order as ``input``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x1 = paddle.rand([1, 2, 3, 4]).astype('float32') x2 = paddle.rand([1, 2, 1, 4]).astype('float32') x3 = paddle.rand([1, 1, 3, 1]).astype('float32') out1, out2, out3 = paddle.broadcast_tensors(input=[x1, x2, x3]) # out1, out2, out3: tensors broadcasted from x1, x2, x3 with shape [1,2,3,4] """ num_inputs = len(input) if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.broadcast_tensors(input, num_inputs) check_type(input, 'input', (list, tuple), 'broadcast_tensors') if num_inputs < 1: raise TypeError( "At least 1 tensor is needed to perform broadcast_tensors") # Check input types for id, x in enumerate(input): check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'input[' + str(id) + ']', ['bool', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'broadcast_tensors') if x.dtype != input[0].dtype: raise TypeError( "All the Tensors in the input must have the same data type.") # Check bcast semantics output_shape_r_last_tensor_index = [] output_shape_r = [] # Use while loop due to weird behaviour of "range()" j = 0 while j < len(input): tensor = input[j] shape = list(reversed(tensor.shape)) i = 0 while i < len(shape): if len(output_shape_r) <= i: output_shape_r.append(shape[i]) output_shape_r_last_tensor_index.append(j) else: invalid = (output_shape_r[i] != shape[i] and output_shape_r[i] != 1 and shape[i] != 1) if invalid: last_index = output_shape_r_last_tensor_index[i] raise TypeError( "Input tensors to broadcast_tensors does not follow bcast semantics" "Tensor {last_index} conflicts with Tensor {j} in reversed dimension {i}" ) if output_shape_r[i] <= shape[i]: output_shape_r[i] = shape[i] output_shape_r_last_tensor_index[i] = j i += 1 # while i < len(shape) j += 1 # while j < len(input) helper = LayerHelper('broadcast_tensors', **locals()) i = 0 out = [] while i < num_inputs: out.append( helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=helper.input_dtype( ))) i += 1 inputs = {'X': input} helper.append_op( type='broadcast_tensors', inputs=inputs, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={}) return out def flip(x, axis, name=None): """ Reverse the order of a n-D tensor along given axis in axis. Args: x (Tensor): A Tensor(or LoDTensor) with shape :math:`[N_1, N_2,..., N_k]` . The data type of the input Tensor x should be float32, float64, int32, int64, bool. axis (list|tuple|int): The axis(axes) to flip on. Negative indices for indexing from the end are accepted. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: Tensor: Tensor or LoDTensor calculated by flip layer. The data type is same with input x. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import numpy as np image_shape=(3, 2, 2) x = np.arange(image_shape[0] * image_shape[1] * image_shape[2]).reshape(image_shape) x = x.astype('float32') img = paddle.to_tensor(x) tmp = paddle.flip(img, [0,1]) print(tmp) # [[[10,11],[8, 9]], [[6, 7],[4, 5]], [[2, 3],[0, 1]]] out = paddle.flip(tmp,-1) print(out) # [[[11,10],[9, 8]], [[7, 6],[5, 4]], [[3, 2],[1, 0]]] """ if isinstance(axis, int): axis = [axis] if in_dygraph_mode(): return core.ops.flip(x, "axis", axis) helper = LayerHelper("flip", **locals()) check_type(x, 'X', (Variable), 'flip') dtype = helper.input_dtype('x') check_dtype(dtype, 'X', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64', 'bool'], 'flip') check_type(axis, 'axis', (list, tuple), 'flip') if name is None: out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) else: out = helper.create_variable(name=name, dtype=dtype, persistable=False) helper.append_op( type="flip", inputs={"X": x}, outputs={"Out": out}, attrs={"axis": axis}) return out def rot90(x, k=1, axes=[0, 1], name=None): """ Rotate a n-D tensor by 90 degrees. The rotation direction and times are specified by axes. Rotation direction is from axes[0] towards axes[1] if k > 0, and from axes[1] towards axes[0] for k < 0. Args: x (Tensor): The input Tensor(or LoDTensor). The data type of the input Tensor x should be float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, bool. k (int, optional): Direction and number of times to rotate, default value: 1. axes (list|tuple, optional): Axes to rotate, dimension must be 2. default value: [0, 1]. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: Tensor: Tensor or LoDTensor calculated by rot90 layer. The data type is same with input x. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle data = paddle.arange(4) data = paddle.reshape(data, (2, 2)) print(data) #[[0, 1], # [2, 3]] y = paddle.rot90(data, 1, [0, 1]) print(y) #[[1, 3], # [0, 2]] y= paddle.rot90(data, -1, [0, 1]) print(y) #[[2, 0], # [3, 1]] data2 = paddle.arange(8) data2 = paddle.reshape(data2, (2,2,2)) print(data2) #[[[0, 1], # [2, 3]], # [[4, 5], # [6, 7]]] y = paddle.rot90(data2, 1, [1, 2]) print(y) #[[[1, 3], # [0, 2]], # [[5, 7], # [4, 6]]] """ helper = LayerHelper("rot90", **locals()) check_type(x, 'X', (Variable), 'rot90') dtype = helper.input_dtype('x') check_dtype(dtype, 'X', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64', 'bool'], 'rot90') check_type(axes, 'axes', (list, tuple), 'rot90') input_total_dims = len(x.shape) total_rot_dims = len(axes) if total_rot_dims != 2: raise ValueError("expected total rotation axes == 2, but got axes = {}". format(total_rot_dims)) if input_total_dims < 2: raise ValueError("expected total dims >= 2, but got total dims = {}". format(input_total_dims)) if not (axes[0] != axes[1] and abs(axes[0] - axes[1]) != input_total_dims): raise ValueError( "expected rotation axes to be different, but got axis0 = {}, and axis1 = {}". format(axes[0], axes[1])) if not (axes[0] < input_total_dims and axes[0] >= -input_total_dims): raise ValueError("Rotation axis0 out of range, axis0 = {}".format(axes[ 0])) if not (axes[1] < input_total_dims and axes[1] >= -input_total_dims): raise ValueError("Rotation axis1 out of range, axis1 = {}".format(axes[ 1])) ## k % 4 k = k % 4 if k >= 0 else 4 - (-k % 4) if k == 0: return x if k == 2: return flip(flip(x, axes[0]), axes[1]) axes_list = list(range(0, input_total_dims)) (axes_list[axes[0]], axes_list[axes[1]]) = (axes_list[axes[1]], axes_list[axes[0]]) if k == 1: return transpose(flip(x, axes[1]), axes_list) else: # k == 3 return flip(transpose(x, axes_list), axes[1]) def flatten(x, start_axis=0, stop_axis=-1, name=None): r""" **Flatten op** Flattens a contiguous range of axes in a tensor according to start_axis and stop_axis. Note that the output Tensor will share data with origin Tensor and doesn't have a Tensor copy in ``dygraph`` mode. If you want to use the Tensor copy version, please use `Tensor.clone` like ``flatten_clone_x = x.flatten().clone()``. For Example: .. code-block:: text Case 1: Given X.shape = (3, 100, 100, 4) and start_axis = 1 end_axis = 2 We get: Out.shape = (3, 1000 * 100, 2) Case 2: Given X.shape = (3, 100, 100, 4) and start_axis = 0 stop_axis = -1 We get: Out.shape = (3 * 100 * 100 * 4) Args: x (Tensor): A tensor of number of dimentions >= axis. A tensor with data type float32, float64, int8, int32, int64, uint8. start_axis (int): the start axis to flatten stop_axis (int): the stop axis to flatten name(str, Optional): For details, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Generally, no setting is required. Default: None. Returns: Tensor: A tensor with the contents of the input tensor, with input \ axes flattened by indicated start axis and end axis. \ A Tensor with data type same as input x. Raises: ValueError: If x is not a Tensor. ValueError: If start_axis or stop_axis is illegal. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle image_shape=(2, 3, 4, 4) x = paddle.arange(end=image_shape[0] * image_shape[1] * image_shape[2] * image_shape[3]) img = paddle.reshape(x, image_shape) out = paddle.flatten(img, start_axis=1, stop_axis=2) # out shape is [2, 12, 4] # out shares data with img in dygraph mode img[0, 0, 0, 0] = -1 print(out[0, 0, 0]) # [-1] """ if not (isinstance(x, Variable)): raise ValueError("The input x should be a Tensor") if not in_dygraph_mode(): check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'x', ['float32', 'float64', 'int8', 'int32', 'int64', 'uint8'], 'flatten') x_dim = len(x.shape) if not (isinstance(start_axis, int)) or ( start_axis > x_dim - 1) or start_axis < -x_dim: raise ValueError( "The start_axis should be a int, and in range [-rank(x), rank(x))") if not (isinstance(stop_axis, int)) or ( stop_axis > x_dim - 1) or stop_axis < -x_dim: raise ValueError( "The stop_axis should be a int, and in range [-rank(x), rank(x))") if start_axis < 0: start_axis = start_axis + x_dim if stop_axis < 0: stop_axis = stop_axis + x_dim if start_axis > stop_axis: raise ValueError("The stop_axis should be larger than stat_axis") if in_dygraph_mode(): dy_out, _ = _C_ops.flatten_contiguous_range(x, 'start_axis', start_axis, 'stop_axis', stop_axis) return dy_out helper = LayerHelper('flatten', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(x.dtype) x_shape = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(x.dtype) helper.append_op( type='flatten_contiguous_range', inputs={"X": x}, outputs={'Out': out, 'XShape': x_shape}, attrs={"start_axis": start_axis, "stop_axis": stop_axis}) return out @inplace_apis_in_dygraph_only def flatten_(x, start_axis=0, stop_axis=-1, name=None): """ Inplace version of ``flatten`` API, the output Tensor will be inplaced with input ``x``. Please refer to :ref:`api_tensor_flatten`. """ if not (isinstance(x, Variable)): raise ValueError("The input x should be a Tensor") x_dim = len(x.shape) if not (isinstance(start_axis, int)) or ( start_axis > x_dim - 1) or start_axis < -x_dim: raise ValueError( "The start_axis should be a int, and in range [-rank(x), rank(x))") if not (isinstance(stop_axis, int)) or ( stop_axis > x_dim - 1) or stop_axis < -x_dim: raise ValueError( "The stop_axis should be a int, and in range [-rank(x), rank(x))") if start_axis < 0: start_axis = start_axis + x_dim if stop_axis < 0: stop_axis = stop_axis + x_dim if start_axis > stop_axis: raise ValueError("The stop_axis should be larger than stat_axis") dy_out, _ = _C_ops.flatten_contiguous_range_(x, 'start_axis', start_axis, 'stop_axis', stop_axis) return dy_out def roll(x, shifts, axis=None, name=None): """ Roll the `x` tensor along the given axis(axes). With specific 'shifts', Elements that roll beyond the last position are re-introduced at the first according to 'shifts'. If a axis is not specified, the tensor will be flattened before rolling and then restored to the original shape. Args: x (Tensor): The x tensor as input. shifts (int|list|tuple): The number of places by which the elements of the `x` tensor are shifted. axis (int|list|tuple|None): axis(axes) along which to roll. Returns: Tensor: A Tensor with same data type as `x`. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.to_tensor([[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], [4.0, 5.0, 6.0], [7.0, 8.0, 9.0]]) out_z1 = paddle.roll(x, shifts=1) print(out_z1) #[[9. 1. 2.] # [3. 4. 5.] # [6. 7. 8.]] out_z2 = paddle.roll(x, shifts=1, axis=0) print(out_z2) #[[7. 8. 9.] # [1. 2. 3.] # [4. 5. 6.]] """ origin_shape = x.shape if type(shifts) == int: shifts = [shifts] if type(axis) == int: axis = [axis] len_origin_shape = len(origin_shape) if axis is not None: for i in range(len(axis)): if axis[i] >= len_origin_shape or axis[i] < -len_origin_shape: raise ValueError( "axis is out of range, it should be in range [{}, {}), but received {}". format(-len_origin_shape, len_origin_shape, axis)) else: axis = [] if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.roll(x, 'axis', axis, 'shifts', shifts) helper = LayerHelper("roll", **locals()) check_type(axis, 'axis', (list, tuple), 'roll') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(x.dtype) if isinstance(shifts, Variable): helper.append_op( type='roll', inputs={'X': x, "ShiftsTensor": shifts}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={'axis': axis}) else: check_type(shifts, 'shifts', (list, tuple), 'roll') helper.append_op( type='roll', inputs={'X': x}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={'axis': axis, 'shifts': shifts}) return out def stack(x, axis=0, name=None): """ This OP stacks all the input tensors ``x`` along ``axis`` dimemsion. All tensors must be of the same shape and same dtype. For example, given N tensors of shape [A, B], if ``axis == 0``, the shape of stacked tensor is [N, A, B]; if ``axis == 1``, the shape of stacked tensor is [A, N, B], etc. .. code-block:: text Case 1: Input: x[0].shape = [1, 2] x[0].data = [ [1.0 , 2.0 ] ] x[1].shape = [1, 2] x[1].data = [ [3.0 , 4.0 ] ] x[2].shape = [1, 2] x[2].data = [ [5.0 , 6.0 ] ] Attrs: axis = 0 Output: Out.dims = [3, 1, 2] Out.data =[ [ [1.0, 2.0] ], [ [3.0, 4.0] ], [ [5.0, 6.0] ] ] Case 2: Input: x[0].shape = [1, 2] x[0].data = [ [1.0 , 2.0 ] ] x[1].shape = [1, 2] x[1].data = [ [3.0 , 4.0 ] ] x[2].shape = [1, 2] x[2].data = [ [5.0 , 6.0 ] ] Attrs: axis = 1 or axis = -2 # If axis = -2, axis = axis+ndim(x[0])+1 = -2+2+1 = 1. Output: Out.shape = [1, 3, 2] Out.data =[ [ [1.0, 2.0] [3.0, 4.0] [5.0, 6.0] ] ] Args: x (list[Tensor]|tuple[Tensor]): Input ``x`` can be a ``list`` or ``tuple`` of tensors, the Tensors in ``x`` must be of the same shape and dtype. Supported data types: float32, float64, int32, int64. axis (int, optional): The axis along which all inputs are stacked. ``axis`` range is ``[-(R+1), R+1)``, where ``R`` is the number of dimensions of the first input tensor ``x[0]``. If ``axis < 0``, ``axis = axis+R+1``. The default value of axis is 0. name (str, optional): Please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`, Default None. Returns: Tensor: The stacked tensor with same data type as input. Example: .. code-block:: python import paddle x1 = paddle.to_tensor([[1.0, 2.0]]) x2 = paddle.to_tensor([[3.0, 4.0]]) x3 = paddle.to_tensor([[5.0, 6.0]]) out = paddle.stack([x1, x2, x3], axis=0) print(out.shape) # [3, 1, 2] print(out) # [[[1., 2.]], # [[3., 4.]], # [[5., 6.]]] """ return layers.stack(x, axis, name) def split(x, num_or_sections, axis=0, name=None): """ Split the input tensor into multiple sub-Tensors. Args: x (Tensor): A N-D Tensor. The data type is bool, float16, float32, float64, int32 or int64. num_or_sections (int|list|tuple): If ``num_or_sections`` is an int, then ``num_or_sections`` indicates the number of equal sized sub-Tensors that the ``x`` will be divided into. If ``num_or_sections`` is a list or tuple, the length of it indicates the number of sub-Tensors and the elements in it indicate the sizes of sub-Tensors' dimension orderly. The length of the list must not be larger than the ``x`` 's size of specified ``axis``. axis (int|Tensor, optional): The axis along which to split, it can be a scalar with type ``int`` or a ``Tensor`` with shape [1] and data type ``int32`` or ``int64``. If :math::`axis < 0`, the axis to split along is :math:`rank(x) + axis`. Default is 0. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: list(Tensor): The list of segmented Tensors. Example: .. code-block:: python import paddle # x is a Tensor of shape [3, 9, 5] x = paddle.rand([3, 9, 5]) out0, out1, out2 = paddle.split(x, num_or_sections=3, axis=1) print(out0.shape) # [3, 3, 5] print(out1.shape) # [3, 3, 5] print(out2.shape) # [3, 3, 5] out0, out1, out2 = paddle.split(x, num_or_sections=[2, 3, 4], axis=1) print(out0.shape) # [3, 2, 5] print(out1.shape) # [3, 3, 5] print(out2.shape) # [3, 4, 5] out0, out1, out2 = paddle.split(x, num_or_sections=[2, 3, -1], axis=1) print(out0.shape) # [3, 2, 5] print(out1.shape) # [3, 3, 5] print(out2.shape) # [3, 4, 5] # axis is negative, the real axis is (rank(x) + axis)=1 out0, out1, out2 = paddle.split(x, num_or_sections=3, axis=-2) print(out0.shape) # [3, 3, 5] print(out1.shape) # [3, 3, 5] print(out2.shape) # [3, 3, 5] """ return paddle.fluid.layers.split( input=x, num_or_sections=num_or_sections, dim=axis, name=name) def squeeze(x, axis=None, name=None): """ This OP will squeeze the dimension(s) of size 1 of input tensor x's shape. Note that the output Tensor will share data with origin Tensor and doesn't have a Tensor copy in ``dygraph`` mode. If you want to use the Tensor copy version, please use `Tensor.clone` like ``squeeze_clone_x = x.squeeze().clone()``. If axis is provided, it will remove the dimension(s) by given axis that of size 1. If the dimension of given axis is not of size 1, the dimension remain unchanged. If axis is not provided, all dims equal of size 1 will be removed. .. code-block:: text Case1: Input: x.shape = [1, 3, 1, 5] # If axis is not provided, all dims equal of size 1 will be removed. axis = None Output: out.shape = [3, 5] Case2: Input: x.shape = [1, 3, 1, 5] # If axis is provided, it will remove the dimension(s) by given axis that of size 1. axis = 0 Output: out.shape = [3, 1, 5] Case4: Input: x.shape = [1, 3, 1, 5] # If the dimension of one given axis (3) is not of size 1, the dimension remain unchanged. axis = [0, 2, 3] Output: out.shape = [3, 5] Case4: Input: x.shape = [1, 3, 1, 5] # If axis is negative, axis = axis + ndim (number of dimensions in x). axis = [-2] Output: out.shape = [1, 3, 5] Args: x (Tensor): The input Tensor. Supported data type: float32, float64, bool, int8, int32, int64. axis (int|list|tuple, optional): An integer or list/tuple of integers, indicating the dimensions to be squeezed. Default is None. The range of axis is :math:`[-ndim(x), ndim(x))`. If axis is negative, :math:`axis = axis + ndim(x)`. If axis is None, all the dimensions of x of size 1 will be removed. name (str, optional): Please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`, Default None. Returns: Tensor: Squeezed Tensor with the same data type as input Tensor. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.rand([5, 1, 10]) output = paddle.squeeze(x, axis=1) print(x.shape) # [5, 1, 10] print(output.shape) # [5, 10] # output shares data with x in dygraph mode x[0, 0, 0] = 10. print(output[0, 0]) # [10.] """ if axis is None: axis = [] elif isinstance(axis, int): axis = [axis] elif isinstance(axis, tuple): axis = list(axis) return layers.squeeze(x, axis, name) @inplace_apis_in_dygraph_only def squeeze_(x, axis=None, name=None): """ Inplace version of ``squeeze`` API, the output Tensor will be inplaced with input ``x``. Please refer to :ref:`api_paddle_tensor_squeeze`. """ if axis is None: axis = [] elif isinstance(axis, int): axis = [axis] elif isinstance(axis, tuple): axis = list(axis) out, _ = _C_ops.squeeze2_(x, 'axes', axis) return out def unique_consecutive(x, return_inverse=False, return_counts=False, axis=None, dtype="int64", name=None): r""" Eliminates all but the first element from every consecutive group of equivalent elements. .. note:: This function is different from :func:`paddle.unique` in the sense that this function only eliminates consecutive duplicate values. This semantics is similar to `std::unique` in C++. Args: x(Tensor): the input tensor, it's data type should be float32, float64, int32, int64. return_inverse(bool, optional): If True, also return the indices for where elements in the original input ended up in the returned unique consecutive tensor. Default is False. return_counts(bool, optional): If True, also return the counts for each unique consecutive element. Default is False. axis(int, optional): The axis to apply unique consecutive. If None, the input will be flattened. Default is None. dtype(np.dtype|str, optional): The data type `inverse` tensor: int32 or int64. Default: int64. name(str, optional): Name for the operation. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Default is None. Returns: tuple: (out, inverse, counts). `out` is the unique consecutive tensor for `x`. `inverse` is provided only if `return_inverse` is True. `counts` is provided only if `return_counts` is True. Example: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.to_tensor([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2]) output = paddle.unique_consecutive(x) # np_output = output.numpy() # [1 2 3 1 2] _, inverse, counts = paddle.unique_consecutive(x, return_inverse=True, return_counts=True) np_inverse = inverse.numpy() # [0 0 1 1 2 3 3 4] np_counts = inverse.numpy() # [2 2 1 2 1] x = paddle.to_tensor([[2, 1, 3], [3, 0, 1], [2, 1, 3], [2, 1, 3]]) output = paddle.unique_consecutive(x, axis=0) # np_output = output.numpy() # [2 1 3 0 1 2 1 3 2 1 3] x = paddle.to_tensor([[2, 1, 3], [3, 0, 1], [2, 1, 3], [2, 1, 3]]) output = paddle.unique_consecutive(x, axis=0) # np_output = output.numpy() # [[2 1 3] # [3 0 1] # [2 1 3]] """ if axis is None: axis = [] else: axis = [axis] attr_dtype = convert_np_dtype_to_dtype_(dtype) if in_dygraph_mode(): out, inverse, counts = core.ops.unique_consecutive( x, 'dtype', attr_dtype, 'return_inverse', return_inverse, 'return_counts', return_counts, 'axis', axis) outs = [out] if return_inverse: outs.append(inverse) if return_counts: outs.append(counts) if len(outs) == 1: return outs[0] return tuple(outs) check_variable_and_dtype(x, "input", ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'unique_consecutive') check_type(return_inverse, 'return_inverse', bool, 'unique_consecutive') check_type(return_counts, 'return_counts', bool, 'unique_consecutive') check_dtype(dtype, 'dtype', ['int32', 'int64'], 'unique_consecutive') if len(axis) != 0: check_type(axis[0], 'axis', int, 'unique_consecutive') helper = LayerHelper('unique_consecutive', **locals()) attrs = { 'dtype': attr_dtype, "return_inverse": return_inverse, "return_counts": return_counts, "axis": axis, } out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=x.dtype, stop_gradient=True) inverse = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=attr_dtype, stop_gradient=True) counts = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=attr_dtype, stop_gradient=True) outputs = {"Out": out, "Index": inverse, "Counts": counts} outs = [out] if return_inverse: outs.append(inverse) if return_counts: outs.append(counts) helper.append_op( type="unique_consecutive", inputs={"X": x}, attrs=attrs, outputs=outputs) if len(outs) == 1: return outs[0] return tuple(outs) def unique(x, return_index=False, return_inverse=False, return_counts=False, axis=None, dtype="int64", name=None): r""" Returns the unique elements of `x` in ascending order. Args: x(Tensor): The input tensor, it's data type should be float32, float64, int32, int64. return_index(bool, optional): If True, also return the indices of the input tensor that result in the unique Tensor. return_inverse(bool, optional): If True, also return the indices for where elements in the original input ended up in the returned unique tensor. return_counts(bool, optional): If True, also return the counts for each unique element. axis(int, optional): The axis to apply unique. If None, the input will be flattened. Default: None. dtype(np.dtype|str, optional): The date type of `indices` or `inverse` tensor: int32 or int64. Default: int64. name(str, optional): Name for the operation. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Default: None. Returns: tuple: (out, indices, inverse, counts). `out` is the unique tensor for `x`. `indices` is \ provided only if `return_index` is True. `inverse` is provided only if `return_inverse` \ is True. `counts` is provided only if `return_counts` is True. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.to_tensor([2, 3, 3, 1, 5, 3]) unique = paddle.unique(x) np_unique = unique.numpy() # [1 2 3 5] _, indices, inverse, counts = paddle.unique(x, return_index=True, return_inverse=True, return_counts=True) np_indices = indices.numpy() # [3 0 1 4] np_inverse = inverse.numpy() # [1 2 2 0 3 2] np_counts = counts.numpy() # [1 1 3 1] x = paddle.to_tensor([[2, 1, 3], [3, 0, 1], [2, 1, 3]]) unique = paddle.unique(x) np_unique = unique.numpy() # [0 1 2 3] unique = paddle.unique(x, axis=0) np_unique = unique.numpy() # [[2 1 3] # [3 0 1]] """ if axis is None: axis = [] else: axis = [axis] attr_dtype = convert_np_dtype_to_dtype_(dtype) if in_dygraph_mode(): out, inverse, indices, counts = _C_ops.unique( x, 'dtype', attr_dtype, 'return_index', return_index, 'return_inverse', return_inverse, 'return_counts', return_counts, 'axis', axis, "is_sorted", True) outs = [out] if return_index: outs.append(indices) if return_inverse: outs.append(inverse) if return_counts: outs.append(counts) if len(outs) == 1: return outs[0] return tuple(outs) check_variable_and_dtype(x, "input", ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'unique') check_type(return_index, 'return_index', bool, 'unique') check_type(return_inverse, 'return_inverse', bool, 'unique') check_type(return_counts, 'return_counts', bool, 'unique') check_dtype(dtype, 'dtype', ['int32', 'int64'], 'unique') if len(axis) != 0: check_type(axis[0], 'axis', int, 'unique') helper = LayerHelper('unique', **locals()) attrs = { 'dtype': attr_dtype, "return_index": return_index, "return_inverse": return_inverse, "return_counts": return_counts, "axis": axis, "is_sorted": True } out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=x.dtype, stop_gradient=True) indices = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=attr_dtype, stop_gradient=True) inverse = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=attr_dtype, stop_gradient=True) counts = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=attr_dtype, stop_gradient=True) outputs = { "Out": out, "Indices": indices, "Index": inverse, "Counts": counts } outs = [out] if return_index: outs.append(indices) if return_inverse: outs.append(inverse) if return_counts: outs.append(counts) helper.append_op( type="unique", inputs={"X": x}, attrs=attrs, outputs=outputs) if len(outs) == 1: return outs[0] return tuple(outs) def unsqueeze(x, axis, name=None): """ Insert single-dimensional entries to the shape of input Tensor ``x``. Takes one required argument axis, a dimension or list of dimensions that will be inserted. Dimension indices in axis are as seen in the output tensor. Note that the output Tensor will share data with origin Tensor and doesn't have a Tensor copy in ``dygraph`` mode. If you want to use the Tensor copy version, please use `Tensor.clone` like ``unsqueeze_clone_x = x.unsqueeze(-1).clone()``. Args: x (Tensor): The input Tensor to be unsqueezed. Supported data type: float32, float64, bool, int8, int32, int64. axis (int|list|tuple|Tensor): Indicates the dimensions to be inserted. The data type is ``int32`` . If ``axis`` is a list or tuple, the elements of it should be integers or Tensors with shape [1]. If ``axis`` is a Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor . If ``axis`` is negative, ``axis = axis + ndim(x) + 1``. name (str|None): Name for this layer. Please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`, Default None. Returns: Tensor: Unsqueezed Tensor with the same data type as input Tensor. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.rand([5, 10]) print(x.shape) # [5, 10] out1 = paddle.unsqueeze(x, axis=0) print(out1.shape) # [1, 5, 10] out2 = paddle.unsqueeze(x, axis=[0, 2]) print(out2.shape) # [1, 5, 1, 10] axis = paddle.to_tensor([0, 1, 2]) out3 = paddle.unsqueeze(x, axis=axis) print(out3.shape) # [1, 1, 1, 5, 10] # out1, out2, out3 share data with x in dygraph mode x[0, 0] = 10. print(out1[0, 0, 0]) # [10.] print(out2[0, 0, 0, 0]) # [10.] print(out3[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) # [10.] """ return layers.unsqueeze(x, axis, name) @inplace_apis_in_dygraph_only def unsqueeze_(x, axis, name=None): """ Inplace version of ``unsqueeze`` API, the output Tensor will be inplaced with input ``x``. Please refer to :ref:`api_paddle_tensor_unsqueeze`. """ if isinstance(axis, int): axis = [axis] elif isinstance(axis, Variable): axis = axis.numpy().tolist() elif isinstance(axis, (list, tuple)): axis = [ item.numpy().item(0) if isinstance(item, Variable) else item for item in axis ] out, _ = _C_ops.unsqueeze2_(x, 'axes', axis) return out def gather(x, index, axis=None, name=None): """ Output is obtained by gathering entries of ``axis`` of ``x`` indexed by ``index`` and concatenate them together. .. code-block:: text Given: x = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]] index = [1, 2] axis=[0] Then: out = [[3, 4], [5, 6]] Args: x (Tensor): The source input tensor with rank>=1. Supported data type is int32, int64, float32, float64 and uint8 (only for CPU), float16 (only for GPU). index (Tensor): The index input tensor with rank=1. Data type is int32 or int64. axis (Tensor|int, optional): The axis of input to be gathered, it's can be int or a Tensor with data type is int32 or int64. The default value is None, if None, the ``axis`` is 0. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: output (Tensor): The output is a tensor with the same rank as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle input = paddle.to_tensor([[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]]) index = paddle.to_tensor([0,1]) output = paddle.gather(input, index, axis=0) # expected output: [[1,2],[3,4]] """ if axis is None: axis = 0 if in_dygraph_mode(): axis = axis.item() if isinstance(axis, paddle.Tensor) else axis return _C_ops.gather(x, index, None, "axis", axis, "overwrite", False) check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'x', ['float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64', 'uint8'], 'gather') check_variable_and_dtype(index, 'index', ['int32', 'int64'], 'gather') if isinstance(axis, Variable): check_variable_and_dtype(axis, 'axis', ['int32', 'int64'], 'gather') helper = LayerHelper('gather', **locals()) dtype = helper.input_dtype('x') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) if not isinstance(axis, Variable): helper.append_op( type="gather", inputs={"X": x, "Index": index}, attrs={'axis': axis, 'overwrite': False}, outputs={"Out": out}) else: helper.append_op( type="gather", inputs={"X": x, "Index": index, "Axis": axis}, attrs={"overwrite": False}, outputs={"Out": out}) return out def unbind(input, axis=0): """ Removes a tensor dimension, then split the input tensor into multiple sub-Tensors. Args: input (Tensor): The input variable which is an N-D Tensor, data type being float32, float64, int32 or int64. axis (int32|int64, optional): A scalar with type ``int32|int64`` shape [1]. The dimension along which to unbind. If :math:`axis < 0`, the dimension to unbind along is :math:`rank(input) + axis`. Default is 0. Returns: list(Tensor): The list of segmented Tensor variables. Example: .. code-block:: python import paddle import numpy as np # input is a variable which shape is [3, 4, 5] np_input = np.random.rand(3, 4, 5).astype('float32') input = paddle.to_tensor(np_input) [x0, x1, x2] = paddle.unbind(input, axis=0) # x0.shape [4, 5] # x1.shape [4, 5] # x2.shape [4, 5] [x0, x1, x2, x3] = paddle.unbind(input, axis=1) # x0.shape [3, 5] # x1.shape [3, 5] # x2.shape [3, 5] # x3.shape [3, 5] """ if not isinstance(axis, (int)): raise TypeError("The type of 'axis' must be int, but received %s." % (type(axis))) if isinstance(axis, np.generic): axis = np.asscalar(axis) input_shape = input.shape axis_ = axis if axis >= 0 else len(input_shape) + axis num = input_shape[axis_] if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.unbind(input, num, 'axis', axis) helper = LayerHelper("unbind", **locals()) check_type(input, 'input', (Variable), 'unbind') dtype = helper.input_dtype() check_dtype(dtype, 'unbind', ['float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'unbind') outs = [ helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype=helper.input_dtype()) for i in range(num) ] helper.append_op( type="unbind", inputs={"X": input}, outputs={"Out": outs}, attrs={"axis": axis}) return outs def scatter(x, index, updates, overwrite=True, name=None): """ **Scatter Layer** Output is obtained by updating the input on selected indices based on updates. .. code-block:: python import numpy as np #input: x = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3]]) index = np.array([2, 1, 0, 1]) # shape of updates should be the same as x # shape of updates with dim > 1 should be the same as input updates = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3], [4, 4]]) overwrite = False # calculation: if not overwrite: for i in range(len(index)): x[index[i]] = np.zeros((2)) for i in range(len(index)): if (overwrite): x[index[i]] = updates[i] else: x[index[i]] += updates[i] # output: out = np.array([[3, 3], [6, 6], [1, 1]]) out.shape # [3, 2] **NOTICE**: The order in which updates are applied is nondeterministic, so the output will be nondeterministic if index contains duplicates. Args: x (Tensor): The input N-D Tensor with ndim>=1. Data type can be float32, float64. index (Tensor): The index 1-D Tensor. Data type can be int32, int64. The length of index cannot exceed updates's length, and the value in index cannot exceed input's length. updates (Tensor): update input with updates parameter based on index. shape should be the same as input, and dim value with dim > 1 should be the same as input. overwrite (bool): The mode that updating the output when there are same indices. If True, use the overwrite mode to update the output of the same index, if False, use the accumulate mode to update the output of the same index.Default value is True. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: Tensor: The output is a Tensor with the same shape as x. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.to_tensor([[1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3]], dtype='float32') index = paddle.to_tensor([2, 1, 0, 1], dtype='int64') updates = paddle.to_tensor([[1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3], [4, 4]], dtype='float32') output1 = paddle.scatter(x, index, updates, overwrite=False) # [[3., 3.], # [6., 6.], # [1., 1.]] output2 = paddle.scatter(x, index, updates, overwrite=True) # CPU device: # [[3., 3.], # [4., 4.], # [1., 1.]] # GPU device maybe have two results because of the repeated numbers in index # result 1: # [[3., 3.], # [4., 4.], # [1., 1.]] # result 2: # [[3., 3.], # [2., 2.], # [1., 1.]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.scatter(x, index, updates, 'overwrite', overwrite) check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'dtype', ['float32', 'float64'], 'scatter') check_type(overwrite, 'overwrite', bool, 'scatter') helper = LayerHelper('scatter', **locals()) out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(x.dtype) helper.append_op( type="scatter", inputs={"X": x, "Ids": index, "Updates": updates}, attrs={'overwrite': overwrite}, outputs={"Out": out}) return out @inplace_apis_in_dygraph_only def scatter_(x, index, updates, overwrite=True, name=None): """ Inplace version of ``scatter`` API, the output Tensor will be inplaced with input ``x``. Please refer to :ref:`api_paddle_tensor_scatter`. """ return _C_ops.scatter_(x, index, updates, 'overwrite', overwrite) def scatter_nd_add(x, index, updates, name=None): r""" **Scatter_nd_add Layer** Output is obtained by applying sparse addition to a single value or slice in a Tensor. :attr:`x` is a Tensor with ndim :math:`R` and :attr:`index` is a Tensor with ndim :math:`K` . Thus, :attr:`index` has shape :math:`[i_0, i_1, ..., i_{K-2}, Q]` where :math:`Q \leq R` . :attr:`updates` is a Tensor with ndim :math:`K - 1 + R - Q` and its shape is :math:`index.shape[:-1] + x.shape[index.shape[-1]:]` . According to the :math:`[i_0, i_1, ..., i_{K-2}]` of :attr:`index` , add the corresponding :attr:`updates` slice to the :attr:`x` slice which is obtained by the last one dimension of :attr:`index` . .. code-block:: text Given: * Case 1: x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] index = [[1], [2], [3], [1]] updates = [9, 10, 11, 12] we get: output = [0, 22, 12, 14, 4, 5] * Case 2: x = [[65, 17], [-14, -25]] index = [[], []] updates = [[[-1, -2], [1, 2]], [[3, 4], [-3, -4]]] x.shape = (2, 2) index.shape = (2, 0) updates.shape = (2, 2, 2) we get: output = [[67, 19], [-16, -27]] Args: x (Tensor): The x input. Its dtype should be int32, int64, float32, float64. index (Tensor): The index input with ndim > 1 and index.shape[-1] <= x.ndim. Its dtype should be int32 or int64 as it is used as indexes. updates (Tensor): The updated value of scatter_nd_add op, and it must have the same dtype as x. It must have the shape index.shape[:-1] + x.shape[index.shape[-1]:]. name (str|None): The output tensor name. If set None, the layer will be named automatically. Returns: output (Tensor): The output is a tensor with the same shape and dtype as x. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle import numpy as np x = paddle.rand(shape=[3, 5, 9, 10], dtype='float32') updates = paddle.rand(shape=[3, 9, 10], dtype='float32') index_data = np.array([[1, 1], [0, 1], [1, 3]]).astype(np.int64) index = paddle.to_tensor(index_data) output = paddle.scatter_nd_add(x, index, updates) """ return layers.scatter_nd_add(x, index, updates, name=None) def chunk(x, chunks, axis=0, name=None): """ Split the input tensor into multiple sub-Tensors. Args: x (Tensor): A N-D Tensor. The data type is bool, float16, float32, float64, int32 or int64. chunks(int): The number of tensor to be split along the certain axis. axis (int|Tensor, optional): The axis along which to split, it can be a scalar with type ``int`` or a ``Tensor`` with shape [1] and data type ``int32`` or ``int64``. If :math::`axis < 0`, the axis to split along is :math:`rank(x) + axis`. Default is 0. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: list(Tensor): The list of segmented Tensors. Example: .. code-block:: python import numpy as np import paddle # x is a Tensor which shape is [3, 9, 5] x_np = np.random.random([3, 9, 5]).astype("int32") x = paddle.to_tensor(x_np) out0, out1, out2 = paddle.chunk(x, chunks=3, axis=1) # out0.shape [3, 3, 5] # out1.shape [3, 3, 5] # out2.shape [3, 3, 5] # axis is negative, the real axis is (rank(x) + axis) which real # value is 1. out0, out1, out2 = paddle.chunk(x, chunks=3, axis=-2) # out0.shape [3, 3, 5] # out1.shape [3, 3, 5] # out2.shape [3, 3, 5] """ check_type(chunks, 'chunks', (int), 'chunk') return paddle.fluid.layers.split( input=x, num_or_sections=chunks, dim=axis, name=name) def tile(x, repeat_times, name=None): """ Construct a new Tensor by repeating ``x`` the number of times given by ``repeat_times``. After tiling, the value of the i'th dimension of the output is equal to ``x.shape[i]*repeat_times[i]``. Both the number of dimensions of ``x`` and the number of elements in ``repeat_times`` should be less than or equal to 6. Args: x (Tensor): The input tensor, its data type should be bool, float32, float64, int32 or int64. repeat_times (Tensor|tuple|list): The number of repeating times. If repeat_times is a list or tuple, all its elements should be integers or 1-D Tensors with the data type int32. If repeat_times is a Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor with the data type int32. name (str, optional): Name for the operation (optional, default is None). For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: N-D Tensor. The data type is the same as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle data = paddle.to_tensor([1, 2, 3], dtype='int32') out = paddle.tile(data, repeat_times=[2, 1]) np_out = out.numpy() # [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]] out = paddle.tile(data, repeat_times=[2, 2]) np_out = out.numpy() # [[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]] repeat_times = paddle.to_tensor([2, 1], dtype='int32') out = paddle.tile(data, repeat_times=repeat_times) np_out = out.numpy() # [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.tile(x, 'repeat_times', repeat_times) check_type(repeat_times, 'repeat_times', (list, tuple, Variable), 'tile') if isinstance(repeat_times, Variable): assert len(repeat_times.shape) == 1, ( 'repeat_times must be an 1-D Tensor.') else: for elem in repeat_times: if isinstance(elem, Variable): assert len(elem.shape) == 1, ( 'Elements in repeat_times must be 1-D Tensors or integers.') else: type_tuple = (int, np.int32, np.int64) assert isinstance(elem, type_tuple), ( 'Elements in repeat_times must be 1-D Tensors or integers.') check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'x', ['bool', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'tile') if convert_dtype(x.dtype) == 'bool' and x.stop_gradient == False: raise ValueError( "When the date type is bool for the input 'x' of tile op, you " "must set its stop_gradient to be True by " "some_var.stop_gradient == True supporting some_var is the input.") helper = LayerHelper('tile', **locals()) inputs = {"X": [x]} attrs = {} def get_attr_repeat_times(list_repeat_times): attrs_repeat_times = [] for idx, times in enumerate(list_repeat_times): if isinstance(times, Variable): attrs_repeat_times.append(-1) else: attrs_repeat_times.append(times) assert times > 0, ( "All elements in repeat_times must be positive for tile.") return attrs_repeat_times if isinstance(repeat_times, Variable): repeat_times.stop_gradient = True inputs['RepeatTimes'] = repeat_times attrs['repeat_times'] = [-1] elif isinstance(repeat_times, (list, tuple)): attrs['repeat_times'] = get_attr_repeat_times(repeat_times) if utils._contain_var(repeat_times): inputs['repeat_times_tensor'] = utils._convert_to_tensor_list( repeat_times) dtype = helper.input_dtype(input_param_name='x') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) helper.append_op( type='tile', inputs=inputs, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs=attrs) return out def expand_as(x, y, name=None): """ Expand the input tensor ``x`` to the same shape as the input tensor ``y``. Both the number of dimensions of ``x`` and ``y`` must be less than or equal to 6, and the number of dimensions of ``y`` must be greather than or equal to that of ``x``. The dimension to expand must have a value of 1. Args: x (Tensor): The input tensor, its data type is bool, float32, float64, int32 or int64. y (Tensor): The input tensor that gives the shape to expand to. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: N-D Tensor: A Tensor with the same shape as ``y``. The data type is the same as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle data_x = paddle.to_tensor([1, 2, 3], 'int32') data_y = paddle.to_tensor([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], 'int32') out = paddle.expand_as(data_x, data_y) np_out = out.numpy() # [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.expand_as_v2(x, 'target_shape', y.shape) check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'x', ['bool', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'expand_as') check_type(y, 'y', Variable, 'expand_as') if convert_dtype(x.dtype) == 'bool' and x.stop_gradient == False: raise ValueError( "When the data type of input 'x' for expand_as is bool, " "you must set its stop_gradient to be False by " "some_var.stop_gradient = True, supporting " "some_var as the input 'x'.") inputs = {"X": [x]} helper = LayerHelper('expand_as', **locals()) dtype = helper.input_dtype(input_param_name='x') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) helper.append_op( type='expand_as_v2', inputs=inputs, attrs={'target_shape': y.shape}, outputs={'Out': out}) return out def broadcast_to(x, shape, name=None): """ Broadcast the input tensor to a given shape. Both the number of dimensions of ``x`` and the number of elements in ``shape`` should be less than or equal to 6. The dimension to broadcast to must have a value 1. Args: x (Tensor): The input tensor, its data type is bool, float32, float64, int32 or int64. shape (list|tuple|Tensor): The result shape after broadcasting. The data type is int32. If shape is a list or tuple, all its elements should be integers or 1-D Tensors with the data type int32. If shape is a Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor with the data type int32. The value -1 in shape means keeping the corresponding dimension unchanged. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: N-D Tensor: A Tensor with the given shape. The data type is the same as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle data = paddle.to_tensor([1, 2, 3], dtype='int32') out = paddle.broadcast_to(data, shape=[2, 3]) print(out) # [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.expand_v2(x, 'shape', shape) if isinstance(shape, Variable): assert len(shape.shape) == 1, ('shape must be an 1-D Tensor.') else: for elem in shape: if isinstance(elem, Variable): assert len(elem.shape) == 1, ( 'Elements in shape must be 1-D Tensors or integers.') else: type_tuple = (int, np.int32, np.int64) assert isinstance(elem, type_tuple), ( 'Elements in shape must be 1-D Tensors or integers.') check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', ['bool', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'broadcast_to') check_type(shape, 'shape', (list, tuple, Variable), 'broadcast_to') if convert_dtype(x.dtype) == 'bool' and x.stop_gradient == False: raise ValueError( "When the data type of input 'x' for broadcast_to is bool, " "you must set its stop_gradient to be False by " "some_var.stop_gradient = True, supporting " "some_var as the input.") inputs = {"X": [x]} attrs = {} helper = LayerHelper('expand', **locals()) def get_attr_expand_shape(list_expand_shape): attrs_expand_shape = [] for idx, shape in enumerate(list_expand_shape): if isinstance(shape, Variable): attrs_expand_shape.append(-1) else: attrs_expand_shape.append(shape) assert shape > 0 or shape == -1, ( "All elements in shape of broadcast_to must be positive or -1." ) return attrs_expand_shape if isinstance(shape, Variable): shape.stop_gradient = True inputs['Shape'] = shape elif isinstance(shape, (list, tuple)): attrs['shape'] = get_attr_expand_shape(shape) if utils._contain_var(shape): inputs['expand_shapes_tensor'] = utils._convert_to_tensor_list( shape) dtype = helper.input_dtype(input_param_name='x') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) helper.append_op( type='expand_v2', inputs=inputs, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs=attrs) return out def expand(x, shape, name=None): """ Expand the input tensor to a given shape. Both the number of dimensions of ``x`` and the number of elements in ``shape`` should be less than or equal to 6. The dimension to expand must have a value 1. Args: x (Tensor): The input tensor, its data type is bool, float32, float64, int32 or int64. shape (list|tuple|Tensor): The result shape after expanding. The data type is int32. If shape is a list or tuple, all its elements should be integers or 1-D Tensors with the data type int32. If shape is a Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor with the data type int32. The value -1 in shape means keeping the corresponding dimension unchanged. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: N-D Tensor: A Tensor with the given shape. The data type is the same as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle data = paddle.to_tensor([1, 2, 3], dtype='int32') out = paddle.expand(data, shape=[2, 3]) print(out) # [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return _C_ops.expand_v2(x, 'shape', shape) if isinstance(shape, Variable): assert len(shape.shape) == 1, ('shape must be an 1-D Tensor.') else: for elem in shape: if isinstance(elem, Variable): assert len(elem.shape) == 1, ( 'Elements in shape must be 1-D Tensors or integers.') else: type_tuple = (int, np.int32, np.int64) assert isinstance(elem, type_tuple), ( 'Elements in shape must be 1-D Tensors or integers.') check_variable_and_dtype( x, 'x', ['bool', 'float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'int32', 'int64'], 'expand') check_type(shape, 'shape', (list, tuple, Variable), 'expand') if convert_dtype(x.dtype) == 'bool' and x.stop_gradient == False: raise ValueError("When the data type of input 'x' for expand is bool, " "you must set its stop_gradient to be False by " "some_var.stop_gradient = True, supporting " "some_var as the input.") inputs = {"X": [x]} attrs = {} helper = LayerHelper('expand', **locals()) def get_attr_expand_shape(list_expand_shape): attrs_expand_shape = [] for idx, shape in enumerate(list_expand_shape): if isinstance(shape, Variable): attrs_expand_shape.append(-2) else: attrs_expand_shape.append(shape) assert shape > 0 or shape == -1, ( "All elements in shape of expand must be positive or -1.") return attrs_expand_shape if isinstance(shape, Variable): shape.stop_gradient = True inputs['Shape'] = shape elif isinstance(shape, (list, tuple)): attrs['shape'] = get_attr_expand_shape(shape) if utils._contain_var(shape): inputs['expand_shapes_tensor'] = utils._convert_to_tensor_list( shape) dtype = helper.input_dtype(input_param_name='x') out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(dtype) helper.append_op( type='expand_v2', inputs=inputs, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs=attrs) return out def reshape(x, shape, name=None): """ This operator changes the shape of ``x`` without changing its data. Note that the output Tensor will share data with origin Tensor and doesn't have a Tensor copy in ``dygraph`` mode. If you want to use the Tensor copy version, please use `Tensor.clone` like ``reshape_clone_x = x.reshape([-1]).clone()``. Some tricks exist when specifying the target shape. 1. -1 means the value of this dimension is inferred from the total element number of x and remaining dimensions. Thus one and only one dimension can be set -1. 2. 0 means the actual dimension value is going to be copied from the corresponding dimension of x. The index of 0s in shape can not exceed the dimension of x. Here are some examples to explain it. 1. Given a 3-D tensor x with a shape [2, 4, 6], and the target shape is [6, 8], the reshape operator will transform x into a 2-D tensor with shape [6, 8] and leaving x's data unchanged. 2. Given a 3-D tensor x with a shape [2, 4, 6], and the target shape specified is [2, 3, -1, 2], the reshape operator will transform x into a 4-D tensor with shape [2, 3, 4, 2] and leaving x's data unchanged. In this case, one dimension of the target shape is set to -1, the value of this dimension is inferred from the total element number of x and remaining dimensions. 3. Given a 3-D tensor x with a shape [2, 4, 6], and the target shape is [-1, 0, 3, 2], the reshape operator will transform x into a 4-D tensor with shape [2, 4, 3, 2] and leaving x's data unchanged. In this case, besides -1, 0 means the actual dimension value is going to be copied from the corresponding dimension of x. Args: x(Tensor): An N-D Tensor. The data type is ``float32``, ``float64``, ``int32``, ``int64`` or ``bool`` shape(list|tuple|Tensor): Define the target shape. At most one dimension of the target shape can be -1. The data type is ``int32`` . If ``shape`` is a list or tuple, the elements of it should be integers or Tensors with shape [1]. If ``shape`` is an Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor . name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: Tensor: A reshaped Tensor with the same data type as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import numpy as np import paddle x = paddle.rand([2, 4, 6], dtype="float32") positive_four = paddle.full([1], 4, "int32") out = paddle.reshape(x, [-1, 0, 3, 2]) print(out) # the shape is [2,4,3,2]. out = paddle.reshape(x, shape=[positive_four, 12]) print(out) # the shape of out_2 is [4, 12]. shape_tensor = paddle.to_tensor(np.array([8, 6]).astype("int32")) out = paddle.reshape(x, shape=shape_tensor) print(out) # the shape is [8, 6]. # out shares data with x in dygraph mode x[0, 0, 0] = 10. print(out[0, 0]) # the value is [10.] """ return paddle.fluid.layers.reshape(x=x, shape=shape, name=name) @inplace_apis_in_dygraph_only def reshape_(x, shape, name=None): """ Inplace version of ``reshape`` API, the output Tensor will be inplaced with input ``x``. Please refer to :ref:`api_paddle_tensor_reshape`. """ if isinstance(shape, (list, tuple)): shape = [ item.numpy().item(0) if isinstance(item, Variable) else item for item in shape ] out, _ = _C_ops.reshape2_(x, None, 'shape', shape) return out elif isinstance(shape, Variable): shape.stop_gradient = True out, _ = _C_ops.reshape2_(x, shape) return out def gather_nd(x, index, name=None): """ This function is actually a high-dimensional extension of :code:`gather` and supports for simultaneous indexing by multiple axes. :attr:`index` is a K-dimensional integer tensor, which is regarded as a (K-1)-dimensional tensor of :attr:`index` into :attr:`input`, where each element defines a slice of params: .. math:: output[(i_0, ..., i_{K-2})] = input[index[(i_0, ..., i_{K-2})]] Obviously, :code:`index.shape[-1] <= input.rank` . And, the output tensor has shape :code:`index.shape[:-1] + input.shape[index.shape[-1]:]` . .. code-block:: text Given: x = [[[ 0, 1, 2, 3], [ 4, 5, 6, 7], [ 8, 9, 10, 11]], [[12, 13, 14, 15], [16, 17, 18, 19], [20, 21, 22, 23]]] x.shape = (2, 3, 4) * Case 1: index = [[1]] gather_nd(x, index) = [x[1, :, :]] = [[12, 13, 14, 15], [16, 17, 18, 19], [20, 21, 22, 23]] * Case 2: index = [[0,2]] gather_nd(x, index) = [x[0, 2, :]] = [8, 9, 10, 11] * Case 3: index = [[1, 2, 3]] gather_nd(x, index) = [x[1, 2, 3]] = [23] Args: x (Tensor): The input Tensor which it's data type should be bool, float32, float64, int32, int64. index (Tensor): The index input with rank > 1, index.shape[-1] <= input.rank. Its dtype should be int32, int64. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: output (Tensor): A tensor with the shape index.shape[:-1] + input.shape[index.shape[-1]:] Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.to_tensor([[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]], [[7, 8], [9, 10], [11, 12]]]) index = paddle.to_tensor([[0, 1]]) output = paddle.gather_nd(x, index) #[[3, 4]] """ return paddle.fluid.layers.gather_nd(input=x, index=index, name=name) def strided_slice(x, axes, starts, ends, strides, name=None): """ This operator produces a slice of ``x`` along multiple axes. Similar to numpy: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/arrays.indexing.html Slice uses ``axes``, ``starts`` and ``ends`` attributes to specify the start and end dimension for each axis in the list of axes and Slice uses this information to slice the input data tensor. If a negative value is passed to ``starts`` or ``ends`` such as :math:`-i`, it represents the reverse position of the axis :math:`i-1` th(here 0 is the initial position). The ``strides`` represents steps of slicing and if the ``strides`` is negative, slice operation is in the opposite direction. If the value passed to ``starts`` or ``ends`` is greater than n (the number of elements in this dimension), it represents n. For slicing to the end of a dimension with unknown size, it is recommended to pass in INT_MAX. The size of ``axes`` must be equal to ``starts`` , ``ends`` and ``strides``. Following examples will explain how strided_slice works: .. code-block:: text Case1: Given: data = [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], ] axes = [0, 1] starts = [1, 0] ends = [2, 3] strides = [1, 1] Then: result = [ [5, 6, 7], ] Case2: Given: data = [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], ] axes = [0, 1] starts = [0, 1] ends = [2, 0] strides = [1, -1] Then: result = [ [8, 7, 6], ] Case3: Given: data = [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], ] axes = [0, 1] starts = [0, 1] ends = [-1, 1000] strides = [1, 3] Then: result = [ [2], ] Args: x (Tensor): An N-D ``Tensor``. The data type is ``float32``, ``float64``, ``int32`` or ``int64``. axes (list|tuple): The data type is ``int32`` . Axes that `starts` and `ends` apply to. It's optional. If it is not provides, it will be treated as :math:`[0,1,...,len(starts)-1]`. starts (list|tuple|Tensor): The data type is ``int32`` . If ``starts`` is a list or tuple, the elements of it should be integers or Tensors with shape [1]. If ``starts`` is an Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor. It represents starting indices of corresponding axis in ``axes``. ends (list|tuple|Tensor): The data type is ``int32`` . If ``ends`` is a list or tuple, the elements of it should be integers or Tensors with shape [1]. If ``ends`` is an Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor . It represents ending indices of corresponding axis in ``axes``. strides (list|tuple|Tensor): The data type is ``int32`` . If ``strides`` is a list or tuple, the elements of it should be integers or Tensors with shape [1]. If ``strides`` is an Tensor, it should be an 1-D Tensor . It represents slice step of corresponding axis in ``axes``. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: Tensor: A ``Tensor`` with the same dimension as ``x``. The data type is same as ``x``. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.zeros(shape=[3,4,5,6], dtype="float32") # example 1: # attr starts is a list which doesn't contain Tensor. axes = [1, 2, 3] starts = [-3, 0, 2] ends = [3, 2, 4] strides_1 = [1, 1, 1] strides_2 = [1, 1, 2] sliced_1 = paddle.strided_slice(x, axes=axes, starts=starts, ends=ends, strides=strides_1) # sliced_1 is x[:, 1:3:1, 0:2:1, 2:4:1]. # example 2: # attr starts is a list which contain tensor Tensor. minus_3 = paddle.full(shape=[1], fill_value=-3, dtype='int32') sliced_2 = paddle.strided_slice(x, axes=axes, starts=[minus_3, 0, 2], ends=ends, strides=strides_2) # sliced_2 is x[:, 1:3:1, 0:2:1, 2:4:2]. """ return paddle.fluid.layers.strided_slice( input=x, axes=axes, starts=starts, ends=ends, strides=strides) def tensordot(x, y, axes=2, name=None): r""" This function computes a contraction, which sum the product of elements from two tensors along the given axes. Args: x (Tensor): The left tensor for contraction with data type ``float32`` or ``float64``. y (Tensor): The right tensor for contraction with the same data type as ``x``. axes (int|tuple|list|Tensor, optional): The axes to contract for ``x`` and ``y``, defaulted to integer ``2``. 1. It could be a non-negative integer ``n``, in which the function will sum over the last ``n`` axes of ``x`` and the first ``n`` axes of ``y`` in order. 2. It could be a 1-d tuple or list with data type ``int``, in which ``x`` and ``y`` will be contracted along the same given axes. For example, ``axes`` =[0, 1] applies contraction along the first two axes for ``x`` and the first two axes for ``y``. 3. It could be a tuple or list containing one or two 1-d tuple|list|Tensor with data type ``int``. When containing one tuple|list|Tensor, the data in tuple|list|Tensor specified the same axes for ``x`` and ``y`` to contract. When containing two tuple|list|Tensor, the first will be applied to ``x`` and the second to ``y``. When containing more than two tuple|list|Tensor, only the first two axis sequences will be used while the others will be ignored. 4. It could be a tensor, in which the ``axes`` tensor will be translated to a python list and applied the same rules described above to determine the contraction axes. Note that the ``axes`` with Tensor type is ONLY available in Dygraph mode. name(str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Return: Output (Tensor): The contraction result with the same data type as ``x`` and ``y``. In general, :math:`output.ndim = x.ndim + y.ndim - 2 \times n_{axes}`, where :math:`n_{axes}` denotes the number of axes to be contracted. NOTES: 1. This function supports tensor broadcast, the size in the corresponding dimensions of ``x`` and ``y`` should be equal, or applies to the broadcast rules. 2. This function also supports axes expansion, when the two given axis sequences for ``x`` and ``y`` are of different lengths, the shorter sequence will expand the same axes as the longer one at the end. For example, if ``axes`` =[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0]], the axis sequence for ``x`` is [0, 1, 2, 3], while the corresponding axis sequences for ``y`` will be expanded from [1, 0] to [1, 0, 2, 3]. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle data_type = 'float64' # For two 2-d tensor x and y, the case axes=0 is equivalent to outer product. # Note that tensordot supports empty axis sequence, so all the axes=0, axes=[], axes=[[]], and axes=[[],[]] are equivalent cases. x = paddle.arange(4, dtype=data_type).reshape([2, 2]) y = paddle.arange(4, dtype=data_type).reshape([2, 2]) z = paddle.tensordot(x, y, axes=0) # z = [[[[0., 0.], # [0., 0.]], # # [[0., 1.], # [2., 3.]]], # # # [[[0., 2.], # [4., 6.]], # # [[0., 3.], # [6., 9.]]]] # For two 1-d tensor x and y, the case axes=1 is equivalent to inner product. x = paddle.arange(10, dtype=data_type) y = paddle.arange(10, dtype=data_type) z1 = paddle.tensordot(x, y, axes=1) z2 = paddle.dot(x, y) # z1 = z2 = [285.] # For two 2-d tensor x and y, the case axes=1 is equivalent to matrix multiplication. x = paddle.arange(6, dtype=data_type).reshape([2, 3]) y = paddle.arange(12, dtype=data_type).reshape([3, 4]) z1 = paddle.tensordot(x, y, axes=1) z2 = paddle.matmul(x, y) # z1 = z2 = [[20., 23., 26., 29.], # [56., 68., 80., 92.]] # When axes is a 1-d int list, x and y will be contracted along the same given axes. # Note that axes=[1, 2] is equivalent to axes=[[1, 2]], axes=[[1, 2], []], axes=[[1, 2], [1]], and axes=[[1, 2], [1, 2]]. x = paddle.arange(24, dtype=data_type).reshape([2, 3, 4]) y = paddle.arange(36, dtype=data_type).reshape([3, 3, 4]) z = paddle.tensordot(x, y, axes=[1, 2]) # z = [[506. , 1298., 2090.], # [1298., 3818., 6338.]] # When axes is a list containing two 1-d int list, the first will be applied to x and the second to y. x = paddle.arange(60, dtype=data_type).reshape([3, 4, 5]) y = paddle.arange(24, dtype=data_type).reshape([4, 3, 2]) z = paddle.tensordot(x, y, axes=([1, 0], [0, 1])) # z = [[4400., 4730.], # [4532., 4874.], # [4664., 5018.], # [4796., 5162.], # [4928., 5306.]] # Thanks to the support of axes expansion, axes=[[0, 1, 3, 4], [1, 0, 3, 4]] can be abbreviated as axes= [[0, 1, 3, 4], [1, 0]]. x = paddle.arange(720, dtype=data_type).reshape([2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) y = paddle.arange(720, dtype=data_type).reshape([3, 2, 4, 5, 6]) z = paddle.tensordot(x, y, axes=[[0, 1, 3, 4], [1, 0]]) # z = [[23217330., 24915630., 26613930., 28312230.], # [24915630., 26775930., 28636230., 30496530.], # [26613930., 28636230., 30658530., 32680830.], # [28312230., 30496530., 32680830., 34865130.]] """ op_type = 'tensordot' input_dtype = ['float32', 'float64'] check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', input_dtype, op_type) check_variable_and_dtype(y, 'y', input_dtype, op_type) check_type(axes, 'axes', (int, tuple, list, Variable), op_type) def _var_to_list(var): if in_dygraph_mode(): return tolist(var) raise TypeError( "The 'axes' with type 'Tensor' in " + op_type + " is not available in static graph mode, " "please convert its type to int|Tuple|List, or use dynamic graph mode." ) axes_x = [] axes_y = [] if np.issubdtype(type(axes), np.integer): assert axes >= 0, ( "The 'axes' in " + op_type + f" should not be negative, but received axes={axes}.") axes_x = range(x.ndim - axes, x.ndim) axes_y = range(axes) else: if isinstance(axes, Variable): axes = _var_to_list(axes) if not axes or np.issubdtype(type(axes[0]), np.integer): axes_x = axes else: axes_x = axes[0] if len(axes) > 1: axes_y = axes[1] if isinstance(axes_x, Variable): axes_x = _var_to_list(axes_x) if isinstance(axes_y, Variable): axes_y = _var_to_list(axes_y) axes_x, axes_y = list(axes_x), list(axes_y) len_axes_x, len_axes_y = len(axes_x), len(axes_y) if len_axes_x < len_axes_y: axes_x.extend(axes_y[len_axes_x:]) elif len_axes_y < len_axes_x: axes_y.extend(axes_x[len_axes_y:]) shape_x, shape_y = list(x.shape), list(y.shape) need_contracted_dim_x = np.zeros((x.ndim), dtype=bool) need_contracted_dim_y = np.zeros((y.ndim), dtype=bool) contraction_size = 1 for i in range(len(axes_x)): dim_x, dim_y = axes_x[i], axes_y[i] sx, sy = shape_x[dim_x], shape_y[dim_y] if sx == 1: shape_y[dim_y] = 1 y = y.sum(dim_y).reshape(shape_y) elif sy == 1: shape_x[dim_x] = 1 x = x.sum(dim_x).reshape(shape_x) else: assert sx == sy, "The dimensional size for 'x' and 'y' in " + op_type + f" should match each other, but 'x' has size {sx} in dim {dim_x} while 'y' has size {sy} in dim {dim_y}." need_contracted_dim_x[dim_x] = True need_contracted_dim_y[dim_y] = True contraction_size *= shape_x[dim_x] perm_x = [] perm_y = [] shape_out = [] not_contraction_size_x = 1 not_contraction_size_y = 1 for i in range(x.ndim): if not need_contracted_dim_x[i]: perm_x.append(i) shape_out.append(shape_x[i]) not_contraction_size_x *= shape_x[i] perm_x.extend(axes_x) perm_y.extend(axes_y) for i in range(y.ndim): if not need_contracted_dim_y[i]: perm_y.append(i) shape_out.append(shape_y[i]) not_contraction_size_y *= shape_y[i] if not shape_out: shape_out = [1] x = x.transpose(perm=perm_x).reshape( [not_contraction_size_x, contraction_size]) y = y.transpose(perm=perm_y).reshape( [contraction_size, not_contraction_size_y]) out = x.matmul(y).reshape(shape_out) return out def as_complex(x, name=None): """Transform a real tensor to a complex tensor. The data type of the input tensor is 'float32' or 'float64', and the data type of the returned tensor is 'complex64' or 'complex128', respectively. The shape of the input tensor is ``(* ,2)``, (``*`` means arbitary shape), i.e. the size of the last axis shoule be 2, which represent the real and imag part of a complex number. The shape of the returned tensor is ``(*,)``. Args: x (Tensor): The input tensor. Data type is 'float32' or 'float64'. name (str, optional): Name for the operation (optional, default is None). For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: Tensor: The output. Data type is 'complex64' or 'complex128', with the same precision as the input. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.arange(12, dtype=paddle.float32).reshape([2, 3, 2]) y = paddle.as_complex(x) print(y.numpy()) # [[ 0. +1.j 2. +3.j 4. +5.j] # [ 6. +7.j 8. +9.j 10.+11.j]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return paddle._C_ops.as_complex(x) check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', ['float32', 'float64'], 'as_complex') op_type = "as_complex" helper = LayerHelper(op_type, **locals()) inputs = {"X": x} out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=_real_to_complex_dtype(x.dtype)) outputs = {"Out": out} attrs = {} helper.append_op(type=op_type, inputs=inputs, attrs=attrs, outputs=outputs) return out def as_real(x, name=None): """Transform a complex tensor to a real tensor. The data type of the input tensor is 'complex64' or 'complex128', and the data type of the returned tensor is 'float32' or 'float64', respectively. When the shape of the input tensor is ``(*, )``, (``*`` means arbitary shape), the shape of the output tensor is ``(*, 2)``, i.e. the shape of the output is the shape of the input appended by an extra ``2``. Args: x (Tensor): The input tensor. Data type is 'complex64' or 'complex128'. name (str, optional): Name for the operation (optional, default is None). For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name`. Returns: Tensor: The output. Data type is 'float32' or 'float64', with the same precision as the input. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle x = paddle.arange(12, dtype=paddle.float32).reshape([2, 3, 2]) y = paddle.as_complex(x) z = paddle.as_real(y) print(z.numpy()) # [[[ 0. 1.] # [ 2. 3.] # [ 4. 5.]] # [[ 6. 7.] # [ 8. 9.] # [10. 11.]]] """ if in_dygraph_mode(): return paddle._C_ops.as_real(x) check_variable_and_dtype(x, 'x', ['complex64', 'complex128'], 'as_real') op_type = "as_real" helper = LayerHelper(op_type, **locals()) inputs = {"X": x} out = helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=_complex_to_real_dtype(x.dtype)) outputs = {"Out": out} helper.append_op(type=op_type, inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs) return out