/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License. */

#include "paddle/fluid/operators/data_norm_op.h"
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/data_layout.h"
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/mkldnn_helper.h"
#endif

namespace paddle {
namespace operators {

using Tensor = framework::Tensor;
using LoDTensor = framework::LoDTensor;
using DataLayout = framework::DataLayout;

template <typename T>
using EigenArrayMap =
    Eigen::Map<Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, Eigen::Dynamic>>;
template <typename T>
using ConstEigenArrayMap =
    Eigen::Map<const Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, Eigen::Dynamic>>;
template <typename T>
using EigenVectorArrayMap = Eigen::Map<Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, 1>>;
template <typename T>
using ConstEigenVectorArrayMap =
    Eigen::Map<const Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, 1>>;

class DataNormOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
 public:
  using framework::OperatorWithKernel::OperatorWithKernel;

  void InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext *ctx) const override {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("X"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("BatchSize"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("BatchSum"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("BatchSquareSum"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput("Means"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput("Scales"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput("Y"), "");

    const auto x_dims = ctx->GetInputDim("X");
    const DataLayout data_layout = framework::StringToDataLayout(
        ctx->Attrs().Get<std::string>("data_layout"));

    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_dims.size() >= 2 && x_dims.size() <= 5,
                   "Input X must have 2 to 5 dimensions.");

    const int64_t C =
        (data_layout == DataLayout::kNCHW ? x_dims[1]
                                          : x_dims[x_dims.size() - 1]);

    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(ctx->GetInputDim("BatchSize").size(), 1UL);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(ctx->GetInputDim("BatchSum").size(), 1UL);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(ctx->GetInputDim("BatchSquareSum").size(), 1UL);
    if (ctx->IsRuntime()) {
      PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(ctx->GetInputDim("BatchSize")[0], C);
      PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(ctx->GetInputDim("BatchSum")[0], C);
      PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(ctx->GetInputDim("BatchSquareSum")[0], C);
    }

    ctx->SetOutputDim("Y", x_dims);
    ctx->SetOutputDim("Means", {C});
    ctx->SetOutputDim("Scales", {C});
    ctx->ShareLoD("X", "Y");
  }

 protected:
  framework::OpKernelType GetExpectedKernelType(
      const framework::ExecutionContext &ctx) const override {
    auto input_data_type = OperatorWithKernel::IndicateVarDataType(ctx, "X");
    // By default, the type of the scale, bias, mean,
    // and var tensors should both be float. (For float or float16 input tensor)
    // or double (For double input tensor).
    auto dn_param_type = framework::proto::VarType::FP32;
    if (input_data_type == framework::proto::VarType::FP64) {
      dn_param_type = framework::proto::VarType::FP64;
    }
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(dn_param_type,
                      OperatorWithKernel::IndicateVarDataType(ctx, "BatchSize"),
                      "BatchSize input should be of float type");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(dn_param_type,
                      OperatorWithKernel::IndicateVarDataType(ctx, "BatchSum"),
                      "BatchSum input should be of float type");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(dn_param_type, OperatorWithKernel::IndicateVarDataType(
                                         ctx, "BatchSquareSum"),
                      "BatchSquareSum input should be of float type");

    // TODO(pzelazko-intel): enable MKLDNN layout when it's ready
    framework::LibraryType library = framework::LibraryType::kPlain;
    framework::DataLayout layout = framework::DataLayout::kAnyLayout;
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
    if (library == framework::LibraryType::kPlain &&
        platform::CanMKLDNNBeUsed(ctx)) {
      library = framework::LibraryType::kMKLDNN;
      layout = framework::DataLayout::kMKLDNN;
    }
#endif

    return framework::OpKernelType(input_data_type, ctx.GetPlace(), layout,
                                   library);
  }
};

class DataNormOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
 public:
  void Make() override {
    // AddAttr<bool>("is_test", "").SetDefault(false);
    AddAttr<float>("epsilon", "")
        .SetDefault(1e-4)
        .AddCustomChecker([](const float &epsilon) {
          PADDLE_ENFORCE(epsilon >= 0.0f && epsilon <= 0.001f,
                         "'epsilon' should be between 0.0 and 0.001.");
        });
    AddAttr<std::string>("data_layout", "").SetDefault("NCHW");
    AddAttr<bool>("use_mkldnn",
                  "(bool, default false) Only used in mkldnn kernel")
        .SetDefault(false);
    AddInput("X", "The input tensor");
    AddInput("BatchSize",
             "BatchSize is a 1-dimensional tensor of size C "
             "that is applied to the output");
    AddInput("BatchSum",
             "BatchSum is a 1-dimensional tensor of size C "
             "that is applied to the output");
    AddInput("BatchSquareSum",
             "The global BatchSquareSum (for training) or "
             "estimated BatchSquareSum (for testing)");
    AddOutput("Y", "result after normalization");
    AddOutput("Means",
              "Mean of the history data batch, "
              "will apply to output when training")
        .AsIntermediate();
    AddOutput("Scales",
              "Scales of the history data batch, "
              "will apply to output when training")
        .AsIntermediate();
    AddComment(R"DOC(
Data Normalization.

Can be used as a normalizer function for data
The required data format for this layer is one of the following:
1. NHWC `[batch, in_height, in_width, in_channels]`
2. NCHW `[batch, in_channels, in_height, in_width]`

)DOC");
  }
};

template <typename T>
class DataNormKernel<platform::CPUDeviceContext, T>
    : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
 public:
  void Compute(const framework::ExecutionContext &ctx) const override {
    // const bool is_test = ctx.Attr<bool>("is_test");
    const std::string data_layout_str = ctx.Attr<std::string>("data_layout");
    const DataLayout data_layout =
        framework::StringToDataLayout(data_layout_str);

    const auto *x = ctx.Input<Tensor>("X");
    const auto &x_dims = x->dims();
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_dims.size() == 2, "The Input dim size should be 2");
    const int N = x_dims[0];
    const int C =
        (data_layout == DataLayout::kNCHW ? x_dims[1]
                                          : x_dims[x_dims.size() - 1]);
    auto *y = ctx.Output<Tensor>("Y");
    auto *mean_out = ctx.Output<Tensor>("Means");
    auto *scales = ctx.Output<Tensor>("Scales");

    // alloc memory
    y->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace());

    Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, 1> inv_std(C);
    ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> b_size_arr(
        ctx.Input<Tensor>("BatchSize")->data<T>(), C);
    ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> b_sum_arr(
        ctx.Input<Tensor>("BatchSum")->data<T>(), C);
    ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> b_square_sum_arr(
        ctx.Input<Tensor>("BatchSquareSum")->data<T>(), C);
    EigenVectorArrayMap<T> means_arr(mean_out->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()),
                                     C);
    EigenVectorArrayMap<T> scales_arr(scales->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()),
                                      C);
    means_arr = b_sum_arr / b_size_arr;
    scales_arr = (b_size_arr / b_square_sum_arr).sqrt();

    switch (data_layout) {
      case DataLayout::kNCHW:  // because it's two dimensions, so make no
                               // difference
      case DataLayout::kNHWC: {
        EigenArrayMap<T>(y->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()), C, N) =
            (ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(x->data<T>(), C, N).colwise() - means_arr)
                .colwise() *
            scales_arr;
        break;
      }
      default:
        PADDLE_THROW("Unknown storage order: %d", data_layout);
    }
  }
};

class DataNormGradOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
 public:
  using framework::OperatorWithKernel::OperatorWithKernel;

  void InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext *ctx) const override {
    // check input
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("X"));
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput(framework::GradVarName("Y")), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("BatchSize"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("BatchSum"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("BatchSquareSum"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("Means"), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("Scales"), "");

    // check output
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput(framework::GradVarName("BatchSize")), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput(framework::GradVarName("BatchSum")), "");
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput(framework::GradVarName("BatchSquareSum")),
                   "");

    const auto x_dims = ctx->GetInputDim("X");
    const DataLayout data_layout = framework::StringToDataLayout(
        ctx->Attrs().Get<std::string>("data_layout"));
    const int C =
        (data_layout == DataLayout::kNCHW ? x_dims[1]
                                          : x_dims[x_dims.size() - 1]);

    if (ctx->HasOutput(framework::GradVarName("X"))) {
      ctx->SetOutputDim(framework::GradVarName("X"), x_dims);
    }
    ctx->SetOutputDim(framework::GradVarName("BatchSize"), {C});
    ctx->SetOutputDim(framework::GradVarName("BatchSum"), {C});
    ctx->SetOutputDim(framework::GradVarName("BatchSquareSum"), {C});
  }

 protected:
  framework::OpKernelType GetExpectedKernelType(
      const framework::ExecutionContext &ctx) const override {
    const auto *var = ctx.InputVar(framework::GradVarName("Y"));
    if (var == nullptr) {
      PADDLE_THROW("can't find Y@GRAD");
    }
    const Tensor *t = nullptr;
    if (var->IsType<Tensor>()) {
      t = &var->Get<Tensor>();
    } else if (var->IsType<LoDTensor>()) {
      t = &var->Get<LoDTensor>();
    }
    if (t == nullptr) {
      PADDLE_THROW("can't find Y@GRAD");
    }

    // TODO(pzelazko-intel): enable MKLDNN layout when it's ready
    framework::LibraryType library = framework::LibraryType::kPlain;
    framework::DataLayout layout = framework::DataLayout::kAnyLayout;

#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
    if (library == framework::LibraryType::kPlain &&
        platform::CanMKLDNNBeUsed(ctx)) {
      library = framework::LibraryType::kMKLDNN;
      layout = framework::DataLayout::kMKLDNN;
    }
#endif

    return framework::OpKernelType(
        OperatorWithKernel::IndicateVarDataType(ctx, "X"), ctx.GetPlace(),
        layout, library);
  }
};

template <typename T>
class DataNormGradKernel<platform::CPUDeviceContext, T>
    : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
 public:
  void Compute(const framework::ExecutionContext &ctx) const override {
    const auto *x = ctx.Input<Tensor>("X");
    const auto *d_y = ctx.Input<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("Y"));
    const auto *batch_size = ctx.Input<Tensor>("BatchSize");
    const auto *batch_sum = ctx.Input<Tensor>("BatchSum");
    const auto *batch_square_sum = ctx.Input<Tensor>("BatchSquareSum");
    const auto *scales = ctx.Input<Tensor>("Scales");
    const auto *means = ctx.Input<Tensor>("Means");

    const std::string data_layout_str = ctx.Attr<std::string>("data_layout");
    const DataLayout data_layout =
        framework::StringToDataLayout(data_layout_str);

    // Get the size for each dimension.
    // NCHW [batch_size, in_channels, in_height, in_width]
    const auto &x_dims = x->dims();
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_dims.size() == 2, "The Input dim size should be 2");
    const int N = x_dims[0];
    const int C =
        (data_layout == DataLayout::kNCHW ? x_dims[1]
                                          : x_dims[x_dims.size() - 1]);

    // init output
    Tensor *d_x = nullptr;
    if (ctx.HasOutput(framework::GradVarName("X"))) {
      d_x = ctx.Output<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("X"));
    }
    auto *d_batch_size =
        ctx.Output<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("BatchSize"));
    auto *d_batch_sum = ctx.Output<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("BatchSum"));
    auto *d_batch_square_sum =
        ctx.Output<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("BatchSquareSum"));

    EigenVectorArrayMap<T> d_batch_size_arr(
        d_batch_size->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()), C);
    EigenVectorArrayMap<T> d_batch_sum_arr(
        d_batch_sum->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()), C);
    EigenVectorArrayMap<T> d_batch_square_sum_arr(
        d_batch_square_sum->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()), C);

    d_batch_size_arr.setZero();
    d_batch_sum_arr.setZero();
    d_batch_square_sum_arr.setZero();

    const float epsilon = ctx.Attr<float>("epsilon");
    switch (
        data_layout) {  // because it's two dimensions, so make no difference
      case DataLayout::kNCHW:
      case DataLayout::kNHWC: {
        ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> scales_arr(scales->data<T>(), C);
        ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> means_arr(means->data<T>(), C);
        ConstEigenArrayMap<T> x_arr(x->data<T>(), C, N);
        ConstEigenArrayMap<T> d_y_arr(d_y->data<T>(), C, N);
        if (d_x != nullptr) {
          EigenArrayMap<T> d_x_arr(d_x->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace()), C, N);
          d_x_arr.setZero();
          for (int nc = 0; nc < N; ++nc) {
            d_x_arr.col(nc) = d_y_arr.col(nc) * scales_arr;
          }
        }

        // calculate data sum and squre sum
        ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> batch_size_arr(batch_size->data<T>(), C);
        ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> batch_sum_arr(batch_sum->data<T>(), C);
        ConstEigenVectorArrayMap<T> batch_square_sum_arr(
            batch_square_sum->data<T>(), C);
        Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, 1> sample_sum(C);
        Eigen::Array<T, Eigen::Dynamic, 1> sample_square_sum(C);
        // calculate data sample sum and square sum
        sample_sum.setZero();
        sample_square_sum.setZero();
        for (int nc = 0; nc < N; ++nc) {
          sample_sum += x_arr.col(nc);
          sample_square_sum += (x_arr.col(nc) - means_arr).square();
        }
        // calculate gradient
        d_batch_size_arr.setConstant(N);
        d_batch_sum_arr = sample_sum;
        d_batch_square_sum_arr = sample_square_sum + d_batch_size_arr * epsilon;
        break;
      }
      default:
        PADDLE_THROW("Unknown storage order: %s", data_layout_str);
    }
  }
};

class DataNormGradMaker : public framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker {
 public:
  using framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker::SingleGradOpDescMaker;

 protected:
  std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDesc> Apply() const override {
    auto *op = new framework::OpDesc();
    op->SetType("data_norm_grad");
    op->SetInput("X", Input("X"));
    op->SetInput(framework::GradVarName("Y"), OutputGrad("Y"));

    op->SetInput("BatchSize", Input("BatchSize"));
    op->SetInput("BatchSum", Input("BatchSum"));
    op->SetInput("BatchSquareSum", Input("BatchSquareSum"));
    op->SetInput("Scales", Output("Scales"));
    op->SetInput("Means", Output("Means"));

    op->SetAttrMap(Attrs());

    op->SetOutput(framework::GradVarName("X"), InputGrad("X"));
    op->SetOutput(framework::GradVarName("BatchSize"), InputGrad("BatchSize"));
    op->SetOutput(framework::GradVarName("BatchSum"), InputGrad("BatchSum"));
    op->SetOutput(framework::GradVarName("BatchSquareSum"),
                  InputGrad("BatchSquareSum"));

    return std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDesc>(op);
  }
};

}  // namespace operators
}  // namespace paddle

namespace ops = paddle::operators;
REGISTER_OPERATOR(data_norm, ops::DataNormOp, ops::DataNormOpMaker,
                  ops::DataNormGradMaker);
REGISTER_OPERATOR(data_norm_grad, ops::DataNormGradOp);

REGISTER_OP_CPU_KERNEL(
    data_norm, ops::DataNormKernel<paddle::platform::CPUDeviceContext, float>,
    ops::DataNormKernel<paddle::platform::CPUDeviceContext, double>);
REGISTER_OP_CPU_KERNEL(
    data_norm_grad,
    ops::DataNormGradKernel<paddle::platform::CPUDeviceContext, float>,
    ops::DataNormGradKernel<paddle::platform::CPUDeviceContext, double>);