diff --git a/paddle/fluid/API.spec b/paddle/fluid/API.spec
index 2544b7308c20daedd63e5b8866f3ee4fb0b71f36..1c3192b0193b8ba2452e959c983b23df458a652a 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/API.spec
+++ b/paddle/fluid/API.spec
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ paddle.fluid.AsyncExecutor.init_worker ArgSpec(args=['self', 'dist_desc', 'start
 paddle.fluid.AsyncExecutor.run ArgSpec(args=['self', 'program', 'data_feed', 'filelist', 'thread_num', 'fetch', 'mode', 'debug'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=('', False))
 paddle.fluid.AsyncExecutor.save_model ArgSpec(args=['self', 'save_path'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=None)
 paddle.fluid.AsyncExecutor.stop ArgSpec(args=['self'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=None)
-paddle.fluid.CompiledProgram.__init__ ArgSpec(args=['self', 'program'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=None)
+paddle.fluid.CompiledProgram.__init__ ArgSpec(args=['self', 'program_or_graph'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=None)
 paddle.fluid.CompiledProgram.with_data_parallel ArgSpec(args=['self', 'loss_name', 'build_strategy', 'exec_strategy', 'share_vars_from'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=(None, None, None, None))
 paddle.fluid.CompiledProgram.with_inference_optimize ArgSpec(args=['self', 'config'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=None)
 paddle.fluid.ExecutionStrategy.__init__ __init__(self: paddle.fluid.core.ParallelExecutor.ExecutionStrategy) -> None
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/all_reduce_deps_pass.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/all_reduce_deps_pass.cc
index 2e20c436dfdb61fcda78cd044b86848c750cf22c..ff223e616f7ef0c794e72a0028c7e5bb3f234ec0 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/all_reduce_deps_pass.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/all_reduce_deps_pass.cc
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> AllReduceDepsPass::ApplyImpl(
   std::unordered_map<std::string, int> vars;
   // TODO(gongwb): use graph topology sort to find the order of operators.
   //               Note that must assert topology sort is stable
-  auto& ops = Get<const std::vector<OpDesc*>>(kAllOpDescs);
+  auto& ops = graph->Get<const std::vector<OpDesc*>>(kStaleProgramOpDescs);
   for (auto* op_desc : ops) {
     auto outputs = op_desc->Outputs();
     for (auto& o_it : outputs) {
@@ -120,4 +120,4 @@ std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> AllReduceDepsPass::ApplyImpl(
 
 REGISTER_PASS(all_reduce_deps_pass,
               paddle::framework::details::AllReduceDepsPass)
-    .RequirePassAttr(paddle::framework::details::kAllOpDescs);
+    .RequireGraphAttr(paddle::framework::details::kStaleProgramOpDescs);
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.cc
index 17dd1399119d190bcbc31adb34ec61deb92a9994..2cfc76e47f41862731fb2de5d1d03287acd4d9d7 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.cc
@@ -174,7 +174,8 @@ bool BuildStrategy::IsMultiDevPass(const std::string &pass_name) const {
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> BuildStrategy::Apply(
-    const ProgramDesc &main_program, const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
+    std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph,
+    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
     const std::string &loss_var_name, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
     const size_t &nranks,
 #if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
@@ -185,7 +186,6 @@ std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> BuildStrategy::Apply(
   // Create a default one if not finalized by user.
   CreatePassesFromStrategy(false);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph(new ir::Graph(main_program));
   for (std::shared_ptr<ir::Pass> &pass : pass_builder_->AllPasses()) {
     if (IsMultiDevPass(pass->Type())) {
       pass->Erase(kPlaces);
@@ -203,41 +203,12 @@ std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> BuildStrategy::Apply(
       pass->Erase("nccl_ctxs");
       pass->SetNotOwned<platform::NCCLContextMap>("nccl_ctxs", nctx);
 #endif
-    } else if (pass->Type() == "memory_optimize_pass") {
-      if (graph->Has(kAllOpDescs)) {
-        graph->Erase(kAllOpDescs);
-      }
-      const std::vector<OpDesc *> *all_op_descs =
-          new std::vector<OpDesc *>(main_program.Block(0).AllOps());
-      graph->Set<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(kAllOpDescs,
-                                              all_op_descs);  // take ownership
-
-      pass->Erase(kAllOpDescs);
-      pass->SetNotOwned<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);
-
     } else if (pass->Type() == "sequential_execution_pass") {
       LOG(INFO) << "set enable_sequential_execution:"
                 << enable_sequential_execution_;
-
-      pass->Erase(kAllOpDescs);
-      pass->Set<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(
-          kAllOpDescs,
-          new std::vector<OpDesc *>(main_program.Block(0).AllOps()));
     } else if (pass->Type() == "all_reduce_deps_pass") {
       LOG(INFO) << "SeqOnlyAllReduceOps:" << SeqOnlyAllReduceOps(*this)
                 << ", num_trainers:" << num_trainers_;
-
-      pass->Erase(kAllOpDescs);
-      pass->Set<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(
-          kAllOpDescs,
-          new std::vector<OpDesc *>(main_program.Block(0).AllOps()));
-    } else if (pass->Type() == "inplace_pass") {
-      if (graph->Has(kAllOpDescs)) {
-        graph->Erase(kAllOpDescs);
-      }
-      graph->Set<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(
-          kAllOpDescs,
-          new std::vector<OpDesc *>(main_program.Block(0).AllOps()));
     } else if (pass->Type() == "fuse_relu_depthwise_conv_pass") {
       if (!use_cuda) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "fuse_relu_depthwise_conv_pass is only supported on "
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.h b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.h
index e62e3edcef710df739c53b5d848f5aceb4f2db4e..0ea71aa3b753ddb41a991ee68bb89b9fbc1dfd6b 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/build_strategy.h
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ struct BuildStrategy {
 
   // Apply the passes built by the pass_builder_. The passes will be
   // applied to the Program and output an ir::Graph.
-  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> Apply(const ProgramDesc &main_program,
+  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> Apply(std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph,
                                    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
                                    const std::string &loss_var_name,
                                    const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc
index 872bc5d654cd66db821e56031d878815b653645c..f03646705817b49d6d59e8beb3d91f625dc44bef 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc
@@ -24,12 +24,11 @@ namespace details {
 
 FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor::FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
     const ExecutionStrategy &strategy, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
-    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
-    std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph)
+    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places, ir::Graph *graph)
     : strategy_(strategy),
       local_scopes_(local_scopes),
       places_(places),
-      graph_(std::move(graph)),
+      graph_(graph),
       pool_(strategy.num_threads_),
       prepare_pool_(1),  // add one more thread for generate op_deps
       fetch_ctxs_(places) {
@@ -110,14 +109,14 @@ FeedFetchList FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor::Run(
         }
       }
       if (exception_.IsCaught()) {
-        ClearFetchOp(graph_.get(), &fetch_ops);
+        ClearFetchOp(graph_, &fetch_ops);
         exception_.ReThrow();
       }
     }
     num_complete += num_comp;
   }
   // Wait FetchOps.
-  ClearFetchOp(graph_.get(), &fetch_ops);
+  ClearFetchOp(graph_, &fetch_ops);
   return fetches;
 }
 
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h
index c3a8b85423403992e3a12ceb0a1acbae82d25dfa..970298950cc8089bc5861fcbf8dc2544934b181f 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor : public SSAGraphExecutor {
   FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(const ExecutionStrategy &strategy,
                                const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
                                const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
-                               std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph);
+                               ir::Graph *graph);
   FeedFetchList Run(const std::vector<std::string> &fetch_tensors) override;
   const ir::Graph &Graph() const override;
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor : public SSAGraphExecutor {
   ExecutionStrategy strategy_;
   std::vector<Scope *> local_scopes_;
   std::vector<platform::Place> places_;
-  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph_;
+  ir::Graph *graph_;
 
   std::unordered_map<OpHandleBase *, int> op_deps_;
   std::vector<OpHandleBase *> bootstrap_ops_;
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper.cc
index db4e805bb692ee44ac50337fae54f8dbfe389e6f..083b6b9d862a5d516bc20575a49b0cd792cb44d8 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper.cc
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ namespace details {
 using paddle::framework::VarDesc;
 
 std::vector<ir::Node*> SortOpLikeDescOrder(const ir::Graph& graph) {
-  PADDLE_ENFORCE(graph.Has(kAllOpDescs),
-                 "Graph has no attribute of kAllOpDescs.");
+  PADDLE_ENFORCE(graph.Has(kStaleProgramOpDescs),
+                 "Graph has no attribute of kStaleProgramOpDescs.");
   // 1. get op desc order
-  auto& op_descs = graph.Get<const std::vector<OpDesc*>>(kAllOpDescs);
+  auto& op_descs = graph.Get<const std::vector<OpDesc*>>(kStaleProgramOpDescs);
 
   // 2. topology sort order
   auto nodes = graph.Nodes();
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper_test.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper_test.cc
index 3cfe297a73cf4128b7191cbd432cdceadc6240ec..5389e76e0c65c7c0ee23004ca1b0a56efb4c54fe 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper_test.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_helper_test.cc
@@ -228,9 +228,6 @@ TEST(CFGGraph, IRGraph) {
   // prepare ir graph
   auto prog = FillProgramDesc();
   ir::Graph graph(prog);
-  const std::vector<OpDesc*>* all_op_descs =
-      new std::vector<OpDesc*>(prog.Block(0).AllOps());
-  graph.Set(details::kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);  // take ownership
 
   ControlFlowGraph cfg(graph);
   cfg.LiveVariableAnalysis();
@@ -256,9 +253,6 @@ TEST(CFGGraph, IRGraph) {
 TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, NormalTest) {
   auto prog = FillProgramDesc();
   ir::Graph graph(prog);
-  const std::vector<OpDesc*>* all_op_descs =
-      new std::vector<OpDesc*>(prog.Block(0).AllOps());
-  graph.Set(details::kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);  // take ownership
 
   auto nodes = SortOpLikeDescOrder(graph);
   auto op_descs = prog.Block(0).AllOps();
@@ -273,9 +267,6 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, NormalTest) {
 TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, RemoveOpDesc) {
   auto prog = FillProgramDesc();
   ir::Graph graph(prog);
-  const std::vector<OpDesc*>* all_op_descs =
-      new std::vector<OpDesc*>(prog.Block(0).AllOps());
-  graph.Set(details::kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);  // take ownership
   auto nodes = graph.Nodes();
   auto op_descs = prog.Block(0).AllOps();
   ir::Node* found_node = nullptr;
@@ -324,8 +315,6 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, RemoveOpDesc) {
 // 3. add some op_desc
 TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddOpDesc) {
   auto prog = FillProgramDesc();
-  const std::vector<OpDesc*>* all_op_descs =
-      new std::vector<OpDesc*>(prog.Block(0).AllOps());
   ir::Graph graph(prog);
 
   auto find_node_in_graph = [&](std::string s) {
@@ -342,9 +331,7 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddOpDesc) {
 
   // cached desc different with real one
   // mimic the intermidiete pass modify the programdesc.
-  graph.Set(details::kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);  // take ownership
-
-  auto op_descs = prog.Block(0).AllOps();
+  std::vector<OpDesc*> op_descs = graph.OriginProgram().Block(0).AllOps();
 
   auto op = prog.MutableBlock(0)->AppendOp();
   prog.MutableBlock(0)->Var("d1")->SetType(proto::VarType::LOD_TENSOR);
@@ -376,9 +363,6 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddOpDesc) {
 TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddAndDeleteOpDesc) {
   auto prog = FillProgramDesc();
   ir::Graph graph(prog);
-  const std::vector<OpDesc*>* all_op_descs =
-      new std::vector<OpDesc*>(prog.Block(0).AllOps());
-  graph.Set(details::kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);  // take ownership
 
   auto find_node_in_graph = [&](std::string s) {
     ir::Node* ret = nullptr;
@@ -392,8 +376,9 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddAndDeleteOpDesc) {
     return ret;
   };
 
+  std::vector<OpDesc*> op_descs = graph.OriginProgram().Block(0).AllOps();
+
   // remove sum node
-  auto op_descs = prog.Block(0).AllOps();
   ir::Node* found_node = nullptr;
   auto nodes = graph.Nodes();
   for (auto node : nodes) {
@@ -454,9 +439,7 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddAndDeleteOpDesc) {
 TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddAndReplaceOpDescInplace) {
   auto prog = FillProgramDesc();
   ir::Graph graph(prog);
-  const std::vector<OpDesc*>* all_op_descs =
-      new std::vector<OpDesc*>(prog.Block(0).AllOps());
-  graph.Set(details::kAllOpDescs, all_op_descs);  // take ownership
+  std::vector<OpDesc*> op_descs = graph.OriginProgram().Block(0).AllOps();
 
   auto find_node_in_graph = [&](std::string s) {
     ir::Node* ret = nullptr;
@@ -470,7 +453,6 @@ TEST(SortOpLikeDescOrder, AddAndReplaceOpDescInplace) {
     return ret;
   };
 
-  auto op_descs = prog.Block(0).AllOps();
   // add node
   auto op = prog.MutableBlock(0)->AppendOp();
   prog.MutableBlock(0)->Var("d1")->SetType(proto::VarType::LOD_TENSOR);
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_pass.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_pass.cc
index fd02bc4697e72cdd1e5af63d71931b8fe8cc29e3..8d3869f4d1d15f6186528e2e04a1589c5b3dcfa5 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_pass.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/memory_optimize_pass.cc
@@ -337,4 +337,4 @@ void MemoryOptimizePass::RenameVarInGraphNode(const std::string& var,
 
 REGISTER_PASS(memory_optimize_pass,
               paddle::framework::details::MemoryOptimizePass)
-    .RequireGraphAttr(paddle::framework::details::kAllOpDescs);
+    .RequireGraphAttr(paddle::framework::details::kStaleProgramOpDescs);
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.cc
index 4c8f69c68ce17d0143c34e8adbab92cdc90058c8..5b8ae8b6770df79df309bb6be16e4f2a24ee0460 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.cc
@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ namespace framework {
 namespace details {
 
 std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph>>
-ParallelSSAGraphExecutor::SeparateMultiDevicesGraph(
-    std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph) {
+ParallelSSAGraphExecutor::SeparateMultiDevicesGraph(ir::Graph *graph) {
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph>> graphs;
   graphs.reserve(places_.size());
   for (size_t i = 0; i < places_.size(); ++i) {
@@ -77,24 +76,18 @@ ParallelSSAGraphExecutor::SeparateMultiDevicesGraph(
 
 ParallelSSAGraphExecutor::ParallelSSAGraphExecutor(
     const ExecutionStrategy &strategy, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
-    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
-    const framework::ProgramDesc &main_prog, std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph)
+    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places, ir::Graph *graph)
     : strategy_(std::move(strategy)),
       local_scopes_(std::move(local_scopes)),
       pool_(places.size() >= 2 ? new ::ThreadPool(places.size()) : nullptr),
       places_(std::move(places)),
-      main_prog_(main_prog),
       // TODO(Yancey1989): Copying graphs is not safely since it deleted the
       // attrs.
-      graphs_(SeparateMultiDevicesGraph(std::move(graph))) {
+      graphs_(SeparateMultiDevicesGraph(graph)) {
   PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(places_.size(), local_scopes_.size());
 
   auto seq_allreduce_pass =
       ir::PassRegistry::Instance().Get("all_reduce_deps_pass");
-  seq_allreduce_pass->Erase(details::kAllOpDescs);
-  seq_allreduce_pass->Set<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(
-      details::kAllOpDescs,
-      new std::vector<OpDesc *>(main_prog_.Block(0).AllOps()));
   for (size_t i = 0; i < graphs_.size(); ++i) {
     graphs_[i] = seq_allreduce_pass->Apply(std::move(graphs_[i]));
   }
@@ -107,7 +100,7 @@ ParallelSSAGraphExecutor::ParallelSSAGraphExecutor(
           << " to run the operators of the graph on each device.";
   for (size_t i = 0; i < places.size(); ++i) {
     executors_.emplace_back(new details::ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
-        strategy_, local_scopes_, {places_[i]}, std::move(graphs_.at(i))));
+        strategy_, local_scopes_, {places_[i]}, graphs_.at(i).get()));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.h b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.h
index 1c35d45fdd356a867d1ad80b345379395e03172e..1e421f2a3a51363fe368859f7a34593c8c894077 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/parallel_ssa_graph_executor.h
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ class ParallelSSAGraphExecutor : public SSAGraphExecutor {
   ParallelSSAGraphExecutor(const ExecutionStrategy &strategy,
                            const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
                            const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
-                           const framework::ProgramDesc &main_prog,
-                           std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph);
+                           ir::Graph *graph);
   ~ParallelSSAGraphExecutor() final = default;
 
   const ir::Graph &Graph() const override { return *graphs_[0]; }
@@ -41,13 +40,12 @@ class ParallelSSAGraphExecutor : public SSAGraphExecutor {
 
  private:
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph>> SeparateMultiDevicesGraph(
-      std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph);
+      ir::Graph *graph);
 
   ExecutionStrategy strategy_;
   std::vector<Scope *> local_scopes_;
   std::unique_ptr<::ThreadPool> pool_{nullptr};
   std::vector<platform::Place> places_;
-  framework::ProgramDesc main_prog_;
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph>> graphs_;
 
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<details::ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor>> executors_;
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/sequential_execution_pass.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/sequential_execution_pass.cc
index 879fb29d5926941e574d0080051c195293bc60a9..0b53a76e7877891509ea4d0334673ae2a1fcf949 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/sequential_execution_pass.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/sequential_execution_pass.cc
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> SequentialExecutionPass::ApplyImpl(
   static std::unordered_set<std::string> skip_dist_ops{
       "send", "recv", "send_barrier", "fetch_barrier"};
 
-  auto &ops = Get<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(kAllOpDescs);
+  auto &ops = graph->Get<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(kStaleProgramOpDescs);
   std::vector<ir::Node *> op_node_list;
   op_node_list.reserve(ops.size());
 
@@ -107,4 +107,4 @@ std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> SequentialExecutionPass::ApplyImpl(
 
 REGISTER_PASS(sequential_execution_pass,
               paddle::framework::details::SequentialExecutionPass)
-    .RequirePassAttr(paddle::framework::details::kAllOpDescs);
+    .RequireGraphAttr(paddle::framework::details::kStaleProgramOpDescs);
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc
index 72acc337b7cc4803fa010373f8817ff5fd25cb2c..9ba295a2b06a5ee9c3069e95fa688595fe72d6fd 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.cc
@@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ namespace framework {
 namespace details {
 ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor::ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
     const ExecutionStrategy &strategy, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
-    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
-    std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph)
-    : graph_(std::move(graph)),
+    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places, ir::Graph *graph)
+    : graph_(graph),
       pool_(strategy.num_threads_ >= 2 ? new ::ThreadPool(strategy.num_threads_)
                                        : nullptr),
       local_scopes_(local_scopes),
@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ FeedFetchList ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor::Run(
         for (auto &run_op_future : run_op_futures_) {
           run_op_future.wait();
         }
-        ClearFetchOp(graph_.get(), &fetch_ops);
+        ClearFetchOp(graph_, &fetch_ops);
         exception_holder_.ReThrow();
       } else {
         continue;
@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ FeedFetchList ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor::Run(
   }
   PADDLE_ENFORCE(ready_ops.empty());
   // Wait FetchOps.
-  ClearFetchOp(graph_.get(), &fetch_ops);
+  ClearFetchOp(graph_, &fetch_ops);
 
   return fetch_data;
 }
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h
index 24da56c09e3e0f3894d58e5af8838c98e3e1e67c..0867f6210480ec405e7cc4ea42c74b750133ea4e 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor : public SSAGraphExecutor {
   ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(const ExecutionStrategy &strategy,
                            const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
                            const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
-                           std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> &&graph);
+                           ir::Graph *graph);
 
   const ir::Graph &Graph() const override { return *graph_; }
   // Run a SSAGraph by a thread pool
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor : public SSAGraphExecutor {
              details::OpHandleBase *op);
 
  private:
-  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph_;
+  ir::Graph *graph_;
   std::unique_ptr<::ThreadPool> pool_;
   std::vector<Scope *> local_scopes_;
   std::vector<platform::Place> places_;
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.cc
index 4b5c846f3271b2dd5e094020571069aff590cd2b..5e954fa9c419b249bb8a4be5a78c01da85b017b2 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.cc
@@ -76,6 +76,9 @@ std::map<std::string, std::vector<ir::Node *>> Graph::InitFromProgram(
       var->inputs.push_back(node);
     }
   }
+  Set<const std::vector<OpDesc *>>(
+      details::kStaleProgramOpDescs,
+      new std::vector<OpDesc *>(program.Block(0).AllOps()));
   return var_nodes;
 }
 
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h b/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h
index 296f3b83961c1379ee2c1237aa15784791b46878..cfd974e4bd679fdd06739f4c943bb197865020fb 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace details {
 
 // This attr is not recommended, because the graph should not dependence
 // the program once it is built.
-constexpr char kAllOpDescs[] = "all_op_descs";
+constexpr char kStaleProgramOpDescs[] = "stale_program_op_descs";
 }  //  namespace details
 
 namespace ir {
@@ -195,6 +195,12 @@ class Graph {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  // Returns reference to the original program.
+  // WARN: After a series of passes, the current graph can be quite
+  // different from OriginProgram. Caller shouldn't assume much from
+  // the returned OriginProgram.
+  const ProgramDesc &OriginProgram() const { return program_; }
+
   // This method takes ownership of `node`.
   ir::Node *AddNode(ir::Node *node) {
     PADDLE_ENFORCE(node_set_.find(node) == node_set_.end());
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.cc b/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.cc
index 56da5660095affa0ba49d8bc533d1da01ffd18be..3e1d61813ca83ebdf9435036117e79abe501b24b 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.cc
@@ -184,9 +184,10 @@ std::vector<Scope *> &ParallelExecutor::GetLocalScopes() {
 ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
     const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
     const std::unordered_set<std::string> &bcast_vars,
-    const ProgramDesc &main_program, const std::string &loss_var_name,
-    Scope *scope, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
-    const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy, const BuildStrategy &build_strategy)
+    const std::string &loss_var_name, Scope *scope,
+    const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
+    const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy, const BuildStrategy &build_strategy,
+    ir::Graph *graph)
     : member_(new ParallelExecutorPrivate(places)) {
   member_->global_scope_ = scope;
   member_->use_cuda_ = exec_strategy.use_cuda_;
@@ -216,11 +217,13 @@ ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
     }
   }
 
+  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> temp_owned_graph(graph);
+
   // FIXME(Yancey1989): parallel graph mode get better performance
   // in GPU allreduce distributed training. Need an elegant way to
   // choice the execution strategy.
-  build_strategy.enable_parallel_graph_ =
-      EnableParallelGraphExecution(main_program, exec_strategy, build_strategy);
+  build_strategy.enable_parallel_graph_ = EnableParallelGraphExecution(
+      *temp_owned_graph, exec_strategy, build_strategy);
   if (build_strategy.enable_parallel_graph_)
     VLOG(0) << "The Executor would execute the graph by ParallelGraph "
                "Execution which can get better performance,"
@@ -254,26 +257,32 @@ ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
   if (member_->local_scopes_.size() != 1 && local_scopes.empty()) {
     BCastParamsToDevices(bcast_vars);
   }
-  // Startup Program has been run. All local scopes has correct parameters.
+// Startup Program has been run. All local scopes has correct parameters.
 
-  // Step 2. Convert main_program to SSA form and dependency graph. Also, insert
-  // ncclOp
-  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph;
+// Step 2. Convert main_program to SSA form and dependency graph. Also, insert
+// ncclOp
 #if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
-  graph = build_strategy.Apply(main_program, member_->places_, loss_var_name,
-                               member_->local_scopes_, member_->nranks_,
-                               member_->use_cuda_, member_->nccl_ctxs_.get());
+
+  temp_owned_graph = build_strategy.Apply(
+      std::move(temp_owned_graph), member_->places_, loss_var_name,
+      member_->local_scopes_, member_->nranks_, member_->use_cuda_,
+      member_->nccl_ctxs_.get());
 #else
-  graph = build_strategy.Apply(main_program, member_->places_, loss_var_name,
-                               member_->local_scopes_, member_->nranks_,
-                               member_->use_cuda_);
+  temp_owned_graph = build_strategy.Apply(
+      std::move(temp_owned_graph), member_->places_, loss_var_name,
+      member_->local_scopes_, member_->nranks_, member_->use_cuda_);
+
 #endif
   auto max_memory_size = GetEagerDeletionThreshold();
   VLOG(10) << "Eager Deletion Threshold "
            << static_cast<float>(max_memory_size) / (1 << 30);
   if (max_memory_size >= 0) {
-    graph = member_->PrepareGCAndRefCnts(std::move(graph),
-                                         static_cast<size_t>(max_memory_size));
+    graph = member_
+                ->PrepareGCAndRefCnts(std::move(temp_owned_graph),
+                                      static_cast<size_t>(max_memory_size))
+                .release();
+  } else {
+    graph = temp_owned_graph.release();
   }
 
   // Step 3. Create vars in each scope. Passes may also create new vars.
@@ -308,8 +317,7 @@ ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
     // TODO(Yancey1989): Remove passing in the main_program when
     // allreduce_seq_pass doesn't need it as the attr.
     member_->executor_.reset(new details::ParallelSSAGraphExecutor(
-        exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, member_->places_, main_program,
-        std::move(graph)));
+        exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, member_->places_, graph));
 #else
     PADDLE_THROW(
         "Paddle should be compiled with CUDA for ParallelGraph Execution.");
@@ -317,12 +325,10 @@ ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
   } else {
     if (exec_strategy.type_ == ExecutionStrategy::kDefault) {
       member_->executor_.reset(new details::ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
-          exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, member_->places_,
-          std::move(graph)));
+          exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, member_->places_, graph));
     } else {
       member_->executor_.reset(new details::FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
-          exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, member_->places_,
-          std::move(graph)));
+          exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, member_->places_, graph));
     }
   }
 
@@ -452,24 +458,33 @@ void ParallelExecutor::FeedAndSplitTensorIntoLocalScopes(
   }
 }
 
+ParallelExecutor::~ParallelExecutor() {
+  for (auto &p : member_->places_) {
+    platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(p)->Wait();
+  }
+  delete member_;
+}
+
 bool ParallelExecutor::EnableParallelGraphExecution(
-    const ProgramDesc &main_program, const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy,
+    const ir::Graph &graph, const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy,
     const BuildStrategy &build_strategy) const {
   if (!FLAGS_enable_parallel_graph) return false;
 
   bool enable_parallel_graph = true;
-  // TODO(Yancey1989): support sparse update in ParallelGraph mode.
-  for (auto &var_desc : main_program.Block(0).AllVars()) {
-    if (var_desc->GetType() == proto::VarType::SELECTED_ROWS) {
-      enable_parallel_graph = false;
-    }
-  }
 
-  // TODO(Yancey1989): support pserver mode
-  for (auto &op_desc : main_program.Block(0).AllOps()) {
-    if (op_desc->Type() == "send" || op_desc->Type() == "recv") {
-      enable_parallel_graph = false;
-      break;
+  for (ir::Node *node : graph.Nodes()) {
+    if (node->IsVar() && node->Var()) {
+      // TODO(Yancey1989): support sparse update in ParallelGraph mode.
+      if (node->Var()->GetType() == proto::VarType::SELECTED_ROWS) {
+        enable_parallel_graph = false;
+        break;
+      }
+    } else if (node->IsOp() && node->Op()) {
+      // TODO(Yancey1989): support pserver mode
+      if (node->Op()->Type() == "send" || node->Op()->Type() == "recv") {
+        enable_parallel_graph = false;
+        break;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -481,13 +496,6 @@ bool ParallelExecutor::EnableParallelGraphExecution(
   return enable_parallel_graph;
 }
 
-ParallelExecutor::~ParallelExecutor() {
-  for (auto &p : member_->places_) {
-    platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(p)->Wait();
-  }
-  delete member_;
-}
-
 }  // namespace framework
 }  // namespace paddle
 
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.h b/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.h
index 121bbd55ad575477424a2fb12baab82585eae517..ddf60b39466e72822142e1dad2cfe9a97b6cf6f2 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.h
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ class ParallelExecutor {
  public:
   explicit ParallelExecutor(const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
                             const std::unordered_set<std::string> &bcast_vars,
-                            const ProgramDesc &main_program,
                             const std::string &loss_var_name, Scope *scope,
                             const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
                             const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy,
-                            const BuildStrategy &build_strategy);
+                            const BuildStrategy &build_strategy,
+                            ir::Graph *graph);
 
   ~ParallelExecutor();
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class ParallelExecutor {
 
  private:
   void BCastParamsToDevices(const std::unordered_set<std::string> &vars) const;
-  bool EnableParallelGraphExecution(const ProgramDesc &main_program,
+  bool EnableParallelGraphExecution(const ir::Graph &graph,
                                     const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy,
                                     const BuildStrategy &build_strategy) const;
 
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/pybind/ir.cc b/paddle/fluid/pybind/ir.cc
index 1cd1be8e8d9da8c6a82ceefc3284084bfeda0252..069750e2406bcbf327591641bf624f36969acc25 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/pybind/ir.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/pybind/ir.cc
@@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ void BindGraph(py::module *m) {
            [](Graph &self, Node &node) { return self.RemoveNode(&node); })
       .def("retrieve_node", &Graph::RetrieveNode,
            return_value_policy::reference)
-      .def("resolve_hazard", &Graph::ResolveHazard);
+      .def("resolve_hazard", &Graph::ResolveHazard)
+      .def("origin_program_desc", &Graph::OriginProgram);
 }
 
 void BindNode(py::module *m) {
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/pybind/pybind.cc b/paddle/fluid/pybind/pybind.cc
index d8e57a1ac6ccfc768a7f0604fcd1f32744a126df..fd74dd3d0f9a0bf973644f45a235d9840de914c3 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/pybind/pybind.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/pybind/pybind.cc
@@ -976,6 +976,7 @@ All parameter, weight, gradient are variables in Paddle.
            [](ir::PassBuilder &self, size_t idx) { self.RemovePass(idx); });
 
   // -- python binds for parallel executor.
+
   py::class_<ParallelExecutor> pe(m, "ParallelExecutor");
   py::class_<ExecutionStrategy> exec_strategy(pe, "ExecutionStrategy", R"DOC(
     ExecutionStrategy allows the user to more preciously control how to run
@@ -1213,9 +1214,9 @@ All parameter, weight, gradient are variables in Paddle.
                 cannot be updated after being finalized.)DOC");
 
   pe.def(py::init<const std::vector<platform::Place> &,
-                  const std::unordered_set<std::string> &, const ProgramDesc &,
-                  const std::string &, Scope *, std::vector<Scope *> &,
-                  const ExecutionStrategy &, const BuildStrategy &>())
+                  const std::unordered_set<std::string> &, const std::string &,
+                  Scope *, std::vector<Scope *> &, const ExecutionStrategy &,
+                  const BuildStrategy &, ir::Graph *>())
       // NOTE: even we return a vec<Scope*>* to Python use reference policy.
       // We still cannot get local_scope from this vector, since the element
       // of vec<Scope*> will be freed by Python GC. We can only return Scope*
diff --git a/paddle/scripts/paddle_build.sh b/paddle/scripts/paddle_build.sh
index 26b26c9b1faf7bd976b57f1320bff878f1a21770..33e0ec4ee226126374413382fe8fcbdebdf50f9e 100755
--- a/paddle/scripts/paddle_build.sh
+++ b/paddle/scripts/paddle_build.sh
@@ -444,6 +444,7 @@ function assert_api_spec_approvals() {
                "paddle/fluid/framework/ir/node.h"
                "paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h"
                "paddle/fluid/framework/framework.proto"
+               "python/paddle/fluid/compiler.py"
                "paddle/fluid/operators/distributed/send_recv.proto.in")
     for API_FILE in ${API_FILES[*]}; do
       API_CHANGE=`git diff --name-only upstream/$BRANCH | grep "${API_FILE}" || true`
diff --git a/python/paddle/fluid/compiler.py b/python/paddle/fluid/compiler.py
index 483a7d4f46f16761b683e4cea90f833be1fe944f..ab4011383824c67a81feba7f2a20d3aff5f4fc8f 100644
--- a/python/paddle/fluid/compiler.py
+++ b/python/paddle/fluid/compiler.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import os
 import six
 import sys
 from .. import compat as cpt
+from . import framework
 
 from . import core
 from . import framework
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ def _place_obj(place):
 
 class CompiledProgram(object):
     """
-    Compiles a Program for execution.
+    Compiles to Graph for execution.
 
     1. Users first create the program with layers.
     2. Optionally, users use CompiledProgram to optimize the program before run.
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ class CompiledProgram(object):
 
     Example:
         .. code-block:: python
-            place = fluid.CUDAPlace(0) if use_cuda else fluid.CPUPlace()
+            place = fluid.CUDAPlace(0) if use_gpu else fluid.CPUPlace()
             exe = fluid.Executor(place)
             exe.run(startup)
             compiled_prog = compiler.CompiledProgram(main).with_data_parallel(
@@ -63,11 +64,25 @@ class CompiledProgram(object):
                                      fetch_list=[loss.name])
 
     Args:
-        program: Program instance that contains the model logic.
+        program_or_graph (Graph|Program): If it's Program, it will be first
+            lowered to a graph for further optimizations. If it's a graph
+            (potentially optimized before), it will be directly used for
+            further optimizations. Note: graph is only supported when compiled
+            with with_data_parallel option.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, program):
-        self._program = program
+    def __init__(self, program_or_graph):
+        if isinstance(program_or_graph, core.Graph):
+            self._graph = program_or_graph
+            self._program = None
+        elif isinstance(program_or_graph, framework.Program):
+            self._graph = core.Graph(program_or_graph.desc)
+            self._program = program_or_graph
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Wrong program_to_graph type: %s" %
+                             type(program_or_graph))
+
+        self._program_desc = self._graph.origin_program_desc()
         self._scope = None
         self._place = None
         self._executor = None
@@ -102,6 +117,7 @@ class CompiledProgram(object):
             self
         """
         assert not self._is_data_parallel, "Already compiled with parallel."
+        assert not self._is_inference, "Cannot compile both data parallel and inference"
         self._is_data_parallel = True
         self._build_strategy = build_strategy
         self._exec_strategy = exec_strategy
@@ -123,11 +139,13 @@ class CompiledProgram(object):
         Returns:
             self
         """
+        assert not self._is_data_parallel, "Cannot compile both data parallel and inference"
+        assert not self._is_inference, "Already compiled with inference"
+
         assert any([
             isinstance(config, InferNativeConfig),
             isinstance(config, InferAnalysisConfig)
         ])
-        self._is_data_parallel = False
         self._is_inference = True
         self._infer_config = config
         return self
@@ -176,37 +194,41 @@ class CompiledProgram(object):
                     os.environ.get('CPU_NUM', multiprocessing.cpu_count()))
                 self._exec_strategy.num_threads = cpu_num * 2
 
-        trainers_endpoints = self._program._trainers_endpoints
-
         # FIXME(dzhwinter): enable_inplace should be after memory_optimize
         # if turn on python memory optimize, turn off the inplace_pass.
         if self._build_strategy.memory_optimize is None:
-            self._build_strategy.memory_optimize = False if self._program._is_mem_optimized else True
+            self._build_strategy.memory_optimize = False if self._program and self._program._is_mem_optimized else True
         if self._build_strategy.enable_inplace is None:
-            self._build_strategy.enable_inplace = False if self._program._is_mem_optimized else True
+            self._build_strategy.enable_inplace = False if self._program and self._program._is_mem_optimized else True
+
+        # TODO(wuyi): trainer endpoings should be passed in through
+        # build_strategy, not program.xxx.
+        if self._program and self._build_strategy.num_trainers > 1 and \
+                self._program._trainers_endpoints:
+            tps = self._program._trainers_endpoints
 
-        if self._build_strategy.num_trainers > 1 and trainers_endpoints:
             assert self._build_strategy.num_trainers == len(
-                trainers_endpoints), "num_trainers == len(end_points)"
-            self._build_strategy.trainers_endpoints = trainers_endpoints
-
-        self._persistable_vars = set([
-            cpt.to_text(v.name)
-            for v in [
-                var for var in self._program.list_vars()
-                if var.persistable and var.type != core.VarDesc.VarType.RAW
-            ]
-        ])
+                tps), "num_trainers == len(end_points)"
+            self._build_strategy.trainers_endpoints = tps
+
+        self._persistable_vars = []
+        for block_id in range(self._program_desc.num_blocks()):
+            bdesc = self._program_desc.block(block_id)
+            self._persistable_vars.extend([
+                cpt.to_text(v.name()) for v in bdesc.all_vars()
+                if v.persistable() and v.type() != core.VarDesc.VarType.RAW
+            ])
 
         places = list(map(_place_obj, self._places))
+
         return core.ParallelExecutor(
-            places, self._persistable_vars, self._program.desc,
+            places,
+            set(self._persistable_vars),
             cpt.to_text(self._loss_name)
             if self._loss_name else six.u(''), self._scope, self._local_scopes,
-            self._exec_strategy, self._build_strategy)
+            self._exec_strategy, self._build_strategy, self._graph)
 
     def _compile_inference(self):
-        assert self._is_data_parallel is False
         return core.create_paddle_predictor(self._infer_config)
 
     def _compile(self, scope, place):
diff --git a/python/paddle/fluid/executor.py b/python/paddle/fluid/executor.py
index 8815911eaeb36067987c0490d7a4f3e909789499..c0191a34deaa5ab3b53b5fe4f33cb5449a2db8b3 100644
--- a/python/paddle/fluid/executor.py
+++ b/python/paddle/fluid/executor.py
@@ -538,6 +538,8 @@ class Executor(object):
         else:
             # TODO(panyx0718): Can compile program to optimize executor
             # performance.
+            # TODO(panyx0718): executor should be able to run graph.
+            assert program._program, "CompiledProgram is compiled from graph, can only run with_data_parallel."
             return self._run(
                 program._program,
                 self._default_executor,
diff --git a/python/paddle/fluid/parallel_executor.py b/python/paddle/fluid/parallel_executor.py
index 648bf69273f7ce31431bf8006c4540580cb94b61..889156ff74d6eb1108b23f365f1a081c5b8222b2 100644
--- a/python/paddle/fluid/parallel_executor.py
+++ b/python/paddle/fluid/parallel_executor.py
@@ -176,10 +176,13 @@ class ParallelExecutor(object):
         places = list(map(place_obj, self._places))
 
         # step7: init ParallelExecutor
+        # ParallelExecutor API will be deprecated, don't support parallel graph.
+        self._graph = core.Graph(main.desc)
+
         self.executor = core.ParallelExecutor(
-            places, persistable_vars, main.desc,
+            places, persistable_vars,
             cpt.to_text(loss_name) if loss_name else six.u(''), scope,
-            local_scopes, exec_strategy, build_strategy)
+            local_scopes, exec_strategy, build_strategy, self._graph)
 
         self.scope = scope