Skip to content

P
Paddle

Crayon鑫 / Paddle
与 Fork 源项目一致

Fork自 PaddlePaddle / Paddle

通知 1
Star 1
Fork 0
P
Paddle
“51f0b78bd4732ab3525d304b12764435773b2bac”上不存在“docs/en/algorithm_introduction/.gitkeep”
提交 8269a2ba 编写于 作者: T Travis CI
浏览文件
操作

Deploy to GitHub Pages: f3c9789c

上级 64a14b0b
显示空白变更内容
内联 并排
Showing with 1264 addition and 2 deletion
develop/doc/_sources/design/simple_op_design.md.txt 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ 8269a2ba
## Interaction between C++ and Python
Users employ API in Python to describe their own network, however, the network construction actually happens in C++. so Protobuf is introduced to send the message between Python and C++.
The Interaction between Python and C++ can be simplified as two steps:
1. C++ tells Python how many Ops there are, and what parameter do users need to offer to initialize a new Op. Python then builds API for each Op at compile time.
2. Users invoke APIs built by Python and provide necessary parameters. These parameters will be sent to C++ fo finish Op construction task.
### Message form C++ to Python
We define a Protobuf message class `OpProto` to hold message needed in the first step. What should an `OpProto` contain? This question is equivalent to “What message do we need to offer, to build a Python API which is legal and user oriented and can use to describe a whole Op.”
Following message are necessary:
1. Op's name, and its simple comment.
2. Input and output variable number; each variable's name, type, and comment.
3. Op's attributes; each attribute includes name, type, comment, **default value** and **value range**.
So `OpProto` can be defined as follows:
```proto
enum AttrType {
INT = 1;
FLOAT = 2;
STRING = 3;
INTS = 4;
FLOATS = 5;
STRINGS = 6;
};
message AttrValue {
AttrType type = 1;
optional int iv = 2;
optional float fv = 3;
optional string sv = 4;
repeated int ivs = 5;
repeated float fvs = 6;
repeated string svs = 7;
};
message AttrProto {
required string name = 1;
required string comment = 2;
required AttrType type = 3;
};
message VarProto {
required string name = 1;
required string comment = 2;
};
message OpProto {
repeated VarProto inputs = 1;
repeated VarProto outputs = 2;
repeated AttrProto attrs = 3;
required string type = 4;
required string comment = 5;
};
```
To generate Python code automatically:
```python
def create_python_ops_creatation_functions():
op_protos = paddle.framework.OpRegistry.get_all_op_proto()
for type_name in op_protos:
op_proto = op_protos[type_name]
def __impl__(**kwargs): # User must use key word args in Paddle API
inputs = [kwargs.get(ipt.name, "") for ipt in op_proto.inputs]
outputs = [kwargs.get(opt.name, "") for opt in op_proto.outputs]
attrs = [cast_to_op_attr(attr, kwargs.get(attr.name, None)) for attr in op_proto.attrs]
opdesc = （input, outputs, type_name, attrs）
return paddle.framework.OpRegistry.CreateOp(opdesc)
__impl__.__doc__ = create_doc_string(op_proto)
globals()[type_name] = __impl__
create_python_ops_creatation_functions()
```
### Message from Python to C++
To hold message needed in the above second step, we define Protobuf message class `OpDesc`. It is used to hold user-specified parameters in Op describing.
```proto
message OpDesc {
required string type = 1;
repeated string inputs = 2;
repeated string outputs = 3;
map<string, AttrValue> attrs = 4;
};
```
## OpProto Register
Every Op has its own `OpProto`. For using convenience, we need to register them and record all their messages. For each `Op` class, we define a corresponding `OpMaker` class, in whose constructor we implement the `OpProto`'s building process. `OpMaker`'s constructor will be invoked by another function `OpRegistry::RegisterOp()`.
```cpp
class OpProtoMaker {
public:
OpProtoMaker(OpProto* proto): proto_(proto) {}
protected:
OpProto* proto_;
void AddInput(const std::string& name, const std::string& desc) {...}
void AddAttr(const std::string& name, const std::string& desc, TypeId type) {...}
void AddComment(const std::string& comment) { ... }
};
class OpRegistry {
public:
using OpCreator = std::function<OperatorBase* (OpDesc& desc)>;
template <typename OpType, typename OpMaker>
static void RegisterOp(const std::string& name) {
gCreators_[name] = [](const OpDesc& desc) {
return new OpType(desc);
};
OpProto& opProto = gProtos_[name];
OpMaker()(&opProto);
}
static map<string, OpCreator> gCreators_;
static map<string, OpProto> gProtos_;
};
template <typename OpType, typename OpMaker>
class OpRegister {
public:
OpRegister(std::string type) {
OpRegistry::RegisterOp<OpType, OpMaker>(type);
}
};
#define REGISTER_OP(op_class, op_maker_class, type_name) \
class op_class##Register { \
private: \
const static OpRegister<#op_class, #op_maker_class> reg; \
}; \
const Register op_class##Register::reg(#type_name);
class CosineOp {
// ...
}
struct CosineOpProtoMaker : public OpProtoMaker {
CosineOpProtoMaker(OpProto* proto) : OpProtoMaker(proto) {
AddInput("input", "input of cosine op");
AddAttr("scale", "scale of cosine op", float).Default(1.0).LargerThan(0.0);
AddType("cos");
AddComment("This is cos op");
}
}
REGISTER_OP(CosineOp, CosineOpProtoMaker, cos);
```
In `REGISTER_OP(CosineOp, CosineOpProtoMaker, cos)`, we register not only `CosineOp` but also `CosineOpProto`. As fields of `CosineOpProto`, the default value and value range of `scale` are also registered here.
## Python API
Python APIs are divided into two types, high-level API and low-level API.
### High-Level API
High-level API is called by users directly, so it should keep its style consistent with existing V2 APIs.
Here is a sample about how a define a fc layer:
```python
hd = fc_layer(input=data, size=56, with_bias=True, activation="sigmoid");
```
`hd` is the output of `fc_layer` and it's a `variable`. It can be further sent into other layers as input.
The definition of `fc_layer()`:
```python
def fc_layer(input, size, with_bias, activation):
attr_map = {"size":size}
check_attrs(attr_map)
w = make_variable('w')
if with_bias:
b = make_variable('b')
else:
b = None
fc_output = make_variable('fc_output');
fc_op(input, w, b, fc_output, attr_map)
act_output = make_variable('sigmod_output');
if activation == "sigmod":
sigmod_op(fc_output, act_output);
elif:
# ...
return act_output;
```
### Low Leval API
In above sample, `fc_op` and `sigmod_op` are low-level API. They build `OpDesc` and invoke corresponding C++ code.
*TODO*
develop/doc/design/simple_op_design.html 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ 8269a2ba
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]-->
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Interaction between C++ and Python &mdash; PaddlePaddle documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/theme.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="index" title="Index"
href="../genindex.html"/>
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html"/>
<link rel="top" title="PaddlePaddle documentation" href="../index.html"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/perfect-scrollbar/0.6.14/css/perfect-scrollbar.min.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/override.css" type="text/css" />
<script>
var _hmt = _hmt || [];
(function() {
var hm = document.createElement("script");
hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?b9a314ab40d04d805655aab1deee08ba";
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
})();
</script>
<script src="../_static/js/modernizr.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="wy-body-for-nav" role="document">
<header class="site-header">
<div class="site-logo">
<a href="/"><img src="../_static/images/PP_w.png"></a>
</div>
<div class="site-nav-links">
<div class="site-menu">
<a class="fork-on-github" href="https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-github"></i>Folk me on Github</a>
<div class="language-switcher dropdown">
<a type="button" data-toggle="dropdown">
<span>English</span>
<i class="fa fa-angle-up"></i>
<i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="/doc_cn">中文</a></li>
<li><a href="/doc">English</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul class="site-page-links">
<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="doc-module">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/index_en.html">GET STARTED</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/index_en.html">HOW TO</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/index_en.html">API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../about/index_en.html">ABOUT</a></li>
</ul>
<div role="search">
<form id="rtd-search-form" class="wy-form" action="../search.html" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search docs" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="main-content-wrap">
<nav class="doc-menu-vertical" role="navigation">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/index_en.html">GET STARTED</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/index_en.html">Install and Build</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_en.html">PaddlePaddle in Docker Containers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/ubuntu_install_en.html">Debian Package installation guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/build_from_source_en.html">Installing from Sources</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/index_en.html">HOW TO</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/index_en.html">Set Command-line Parameters</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/use_case_en.html">Use Case</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/arguments_en.html">Argument Outline</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/detail_introduction_en.html">Detail Description</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_en.html">Run Distributed Training</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/k8s/k8s_en.html">Paddle On Kubernetes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/k8s/k8s_aws_en.html">Distributed PaddlePaddle Training on AWS with Kubernetes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/dev/new_layer_en.html">Write New Layers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/dev/contribute_to_paddle_en.html">Contribute Code</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/index_en.html">RNN Models</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/rnn_config_en.html">RNN Configuration</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/optimization/gpu_profiling_en.html">Tune GPU Performance</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/index_en.html">API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/model_configs.html">Model Configuration</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/activation.html">Activation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/layer.html">Layers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/evaluators.html">Evaluators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/optimizer.html">Optimizer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/pooling.html">Pooling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/networks.html">Networks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/attr.html">Parameter Attribute</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/data.html">Data Reader Interface and DataSets</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/run_logic.html">Training and Inference</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../about/index_en.html">ABOUT</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section class="doc-content-wrap">
<div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation">
<ul class="wy-breadcrumbs">
<li>Interaction between C++ and Python</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="wy-nav-content" id="doc-content">
<div class="rst-content">
<div role="main" class="document" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
<div itemprop="articleBody">
<div class="section" id="interaction-between-c-and-python">
<span id="interaction-between-c-and-python"></span><h1>Interaction between C++ and Python<a class="headerlink" href="#interaction-between-c-and-python" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>Users employ API in Python to describe their own network, however, the network construction actually happens in C++. so Protobuf is introduced to send the message between Python and C++.</p>
<p>The Interaction between Python and C++ can be simplified as two steps:</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li>C++ tells Python how many Ops there are, and what parameter do users need to offer to initialize a new Op. Python then builds API for each Op at compile time.</li>
<li>Users invoke APIs built by Python and provide necessary parameters. These parameters will be sent to C++ fo finish Op construction task.</li>
</ol>
<div class="section" id="message-form-c-to-python">
<span id="message-form-c-to-python"></span><h2>Message form C++ to Python<a class="headerlink" href="#message-form-c-to-python" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>We define a Protobuf message class <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code> to hold message needed in the first step. What should an <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code> contain? This question is equivalent to “What message do we need to offer, to build a Python API which is legal and user oriented and can use to describe a whole Op.”</p>
<p>Following message are necessary:</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li>Op&#8217;s name, and its simple comment.</li>
<li>Input and output variable number; each variable&#8217;s name, type, and comment.</li>
<li>Op&#8217;s attributes; each attribute includes name, type, comment, <strong>default value</strong> and <strong>value range</strong>.</li>
</ol>
<p>So <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code> can be defined as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-proto"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">enum</span> <span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="na">INT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">FLOAT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">STRING</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">INTS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">FLOATS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">STRINGS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">AttrValue</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">optional</span> <span class="n">int</span> <span class="na">iv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">optional</span> <span class="kt">float</span> <span class="na">fv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">optional</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">sv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">int</span> <span class="na">ivs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">float</span> <span class="na">fvs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">svs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">AttrProto</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">comment</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">VarProto</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">comment</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">OpProto</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">VarProto</span> <span class="na">inputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">VarProto</span> <span class="na">outputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">AttrProto</span> <span class="na">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">comment</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To generate Python code automatically:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>def create_python_ops_creatation_functions():
op_protos = paddle.framework.OpRegistry.get_all_op_proto()
for type_name in op_protos:
op_proto = op_protos[type_name]
def __impl__(**kwargs): # User must use key word args in Paddle API
inputs = [kwargs.get(ipt.name, &quot;&quot;) for ipt in op_proto.inputs]
outputs = [kwargs.get(opt.name, &quot;&quot;) for opt in op_proto.outputs]
attrs = [cast_to_op_attr(attr, kwargs.get(attr.name, None)) for attr in op_proto.attrs]
opdesc = （input, outputs, type_name, attrs）
return paddle.framework.OpRegistry.CreateOp(opdesc)
__impl__.__doc__ = create_doc_string(op_proto)
globals()[type_name] = __impl__
create_python_ops_creatation_functions()
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="message-from-python-to-c">
<span id="message-from-python-to-c"></span><h2>Message from Python to C++<a class="headerlink" href="#message-from-python-to-c" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>To hold message needed in the above second step, we define Protobuf message class <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpDesc</span></code>. It is used to hold user-specified parameters in Op describing.</p>
<div class="highlight-proto"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">OpDesc</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">inputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">outputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">map</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">AttrValue</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="na">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="opproto-register">
<span id="opproto-register"></span><h1>OpProto Register<a class="headerlink" href="#opproto-register" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>Every Op has its own <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code>. For using convenience, we need to register them and record all their messages. For each <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Op</span></code> class, we define a corresponding <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpMaker</span></code> class, in whose constructor we implement the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code>&#8216;s building process. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpMaker</span></code>&#8216;s constructor will be invoked by another function <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpRegistry::RegisterOp()</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-cpp"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OpProtoMaker</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">OpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">proto_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">protected</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">proto_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AddInput</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{...}</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AddAttr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TypeId</span> <span class="n">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{...}</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AddComment</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">comment</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OpRegistry</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="k">using</span> <span class="n">OpCreator</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">OperatorBase</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OpDesc</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">template</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="kt">void</span> <span class="n">RegisterOp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">gCreators_</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[](</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">OpDesc</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">opProto</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">gProtos_</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">opProto</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="n">map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OpCreator</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">gCreators_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="n">map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">gProtos_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="k">template</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OpRegister</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">OpRegister</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span> <span class="n">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">OpRegistry</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">RegisterOp</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="cp">#define REGISTER_OP(op_class, op_maker_class, type_name) \</span>
<span class="cp"> class op_class##Register { \</span>
<span class="cp"> private: \</span>
<span class="cp"> const static OpRegister&lt;#op_class, #op_maker_class&gt; reg; \</span>
<span class="cp"> }; \</span>
<span class="cp"> const Register op_class##Register::reg(#type_name);</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CosineOp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nl">CosineOpProtoMaker</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="k">public</span> <span class="n">OpProtoMaker</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">CosineOpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">OpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">AddInput</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;input&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;input of cosine op&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AddAttr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;scale&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;scale of cosine op&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">float</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">Default</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">LargerThan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AddType</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;cos&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AddComment</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;This is cos op&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">REGISTER_OP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">CosineOp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">CosineOpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cos</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REGISTER_OP(CosineOp,</span> <span class="pre">CosineOpProtoMaker,</span> <span class="pre">cos)</span></code>, we register not only <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CosineOp</span></code> but also <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CosineOpProto</span></code>. As fields of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CosineOpProto</span></code>, the default value and value range of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">scale</span></code> are also registered here.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="python-api">
<span id="python-api"></span><h1>Python API<a class="headerlink" href="#python-api" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>Python APIs are divided into two types, high-level API and low-level API.</p>
<div class="section" id="high-level-api">
<span id="high-level-api"></span><h2>High-Level API<a class="headerlink" href="#high-level-api" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>High-level API is called by users directly, so it should keep its style consistent with existing V2 APIs.</p>
<p>Here is a sample about how a define a fc layer:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">hd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fc_layer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">56</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">with_bias</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">activation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;sigmoid&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hd</span></code> is the output of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fc_layer</span></code> and it&#8217;s a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">variable</span></code>. It can be further sent into other layers as input.</p>
<p>The definition of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fc_layer()</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fc_layer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">with_bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">activation</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">attr_map</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;size&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">check_attrs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attr_map</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;w&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">with_bias</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
<span class="n">fc_output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;fc_output&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">fc_op</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc_output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr_map</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">act_output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;sigmod_output&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">activation</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;sigmod&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">sigmod_op</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fc_output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">act_output</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">elif</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">act_output</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="low-leval-api">
<span id="low-leval-api"></span><h2>Low Leval API<a class="headerlink" href="#low-leval-api" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>In above sample, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fc_op</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sigmod_op</span></code> are low-level API. They build <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpDesc</span></code> and invoke corresponding C++ code.</p>
<p><em>TODO</em></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<hr/>
<div role="contentinfo">
<p>
&copy; Copyright 2016, PaddlePaddle developers.
</p>
</div>
Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>.
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT:'../',
VERSION:'',
COLLAPSE_INDEX:false,
FILE_SUFFIX:'.html',
HAS_SOURCE: true,
SOURCELINK_SUFFIX: ".txt",
};
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/perfect-scrollbar/0.6.14/js/perfect-scrollbar.jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../_static/js/paddle_doc_init.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
\ No newline at end of file
develop/doc/searchindex.js
浏览文件 @ 8269a2ba
因为 它太大了无法显示 source diff 。你可以改为 查看blob。
develop/doc_cn/_sources/design/simple_op_design.md.txt 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ 8269a2ba
## Interaction between C++ and Python
Users employ API in Python to describe their own network, however, the network construction actually happens in C++. so Protobuf is introduced to send the message between Python and C++.
The Interaction between Python and C++ can be simplified as two steps:
1. C++ tells Python how many Ops there are, and what parameter do users need to offer to initialize a new Op. Python then builds API for each Op at compile time.
2. Users invoke APIs built by Python and provide necessary parameters. These parameters will be sent to C++ fo finish Op construction task.
### Message form C++ to Python
We define a Protobuf message class `OpProto` to hold message needed in the first step. What should an `OpProto` contain? This question is equivalent to “What message do we need to offer, to build a Python API which is legal and user oriented and can use to describe a whole Op.”
Following message are necessary:
1. Op's name, and its simple comment.
2. Input and output variable number; each variable's name, type, and comment.
3. Op's attributes; each attribute includes name, type, comment, **default value** and **value range**.
So `OpProto` can be defined as follows:
```proto
enum AttrType {
INT = 1;
FLOAT = 2;
STRING = 3;
INTS = 4;
FLOATS = 5;
STRINGS = 6;
};
message AttrValue {
AttrType type = 1;
optional int iv = 2;
optional float fv = 3;
optional string sv = 4;
repeated int ivs = 5;
repeated float fvs = 6;
repeated string svs = 7;
};
message AttrProto {
required string name = 1;
required string comment = 2;
required AttrType type = 3;
};
message VarProto {
required string name = 1;
required string comment = 2;
};
message OpProto {
repeated VarProto inputs = 1;
repeated VarProto outputs = 2;
repeated AttrProto attrs = 3;
required string type = 4;
required string comment = 5;
};
```
To generate Python code automatically:
```python
def create_python_ops_creatation_functions():
op_protos = paddle.framework.OpRegistry.get_all_op_proto()
for type_name in op_protos:
op_proto = op_protos[type_name]
def __impl__(**kwargs): # User must use key word args in Paddle API
inputs = [kwargs.get(ipt.name, "") for ipt in op_proto.inputs]
outputs = [kwargs.get(opt.name, "") for opt in op_proto.outputs]
attrs = [cast_to_op_attr(attr, kwargs.get(attr.name, None)) for attr in op_proto.attrs]
opdesc = （input, outputs, type_name, attrs）
return paddle.framework.OpRegistry.CreateOp(opdesc)
__impl__.__doc__ = create_doc_string(op_proto)
globals()[type_name] = __impl__
create_python_ops_creatation_functions()
```
### Message from Python to C++
To hold message needed in the above second step, we define Protobuf message class `OpDesc`. It is used to hold user-specified parameters in Op describing.
```proto
message OpDesc {
required string type = 1;
repeated string inputs = 2;
repeated string outputs = 3;
map<string, AttrValue> attrs = 4;
};
```
## OpProto Register
Every Op has its own `OpProto`. For using convenience, we need to register them and record all their messages. For each `Op` class, we define a corresponding `OpMaker` class, in whose constructor we implement the `OpProto`'s building process. `OpMaker`'s constructor will be invoked by another function `OpRegistry::RegisterOp()`.
```cpp
class OpProtoMaker {
public:
OpProtoMaker(OpProto* proto): proto_(proto) {}
protected:
OpProto* proto_;
void AddInput(const std::string& name, const std::string& desc) {...}
void AddAttr(const std::string& name, const std::string& desc, TypeId type) {...}
void AddComment(const std::string& comment) { ... }
};
class OpRegistry {
public:
using OpCreator = std::function<OperatorBase* (OpDesc& desc)>;
template <typename OpType, typename OpMaker>
static void RegisterOp(const std::string& name) {
gCreators_[name] = [](const OpDesc& desc) {
return new OpType(desc);
};
OpProto& opProto = gProtos_[name];
OpMaker()(&opProto);
}
static map<string, OpCreator> gCreators_;
static map<string, OpProto> gProtos_;
};
template <typename OpType, typename OpMaker>
class OpRegister {
public:
OpRegister(std::string type) {
OpRegistry::RegisterOp<OpType, OpMaker>(type);
}
};
#define REGISTER_OP(op_class, op_maker_class, type_name) \
class op_class##Register { \
private: \
const static OpRegister<#op_class, #op_maker_class> reg; \
}; \
const Register op_class##Register::reg(#type_name);
class CosineOp {
// ...
}
struct CosineOpProtoMaker : public OpProtoMaker {
CosineOpProtoMaker(OpProto* proto) : OpProtoMaker(proto) {
AddInput("input", "input of cosine op");
AddAttr("scale", "scale of cosine op", float).Default(1.0).LargerThan(0.0);
AddType("cos");
AddComment("This is cos op");
}
}
REGISTER_OP(CosineOp, CosineOpProtoMaker, cos);
```
In `REGISTER_OP(CosineOp, CosineOpProtoMaker, cos)`, we register not only `CosineOp` but also `CosineOpProto`. As fields of `CosineOpProto`, the default value and value range of `scale` are also registered here.
## Python API
Python APIs are divided into two types, high-level API and low-level API.
### High-Level API
High-level API is called by users directly, so it should keep its style consistent with existing V2 APIs.
Here is a sample about how a define a fc layer:
```python
hd = fc_layer(input=data, size=56, with_bias=True, activation="sigmoid");
```
`hd` is the output of `fc_layer` and it's a `variable`. It can be further sent into other layers as input.
The definition of `fc_layer()`:
```python
def fc_layer(input, size, with_bias, activation):
attr_map = {"size":size}
check_attrs(attr_map)
w = make_variable('w')
if with_bias:
b = make_variable('b')
else:
b = None
fc_output = make_variable('fc_output');
fc_op(input, w, b, fc_output, attr_map)
act_output = make_variable('sigmod_output');
if activation == "sigmod":
sigmod_op(fc_output, act_output);
elif:
# ...
return act_output;
```
### Low Leval API
In above sample, `fc_op` and `sigmod_op` are low-level API. They build `OpDesc` and invoke corresponding C++ code.
*TODO*
develop/doc_cn/design/simple_op_design.html 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ 8269a2ba
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]-->
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Interaction between C++ and Python &mdash; PaddlePaddle 文档</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/theme.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="index" title="索引"
href="../genindex.html"/>
<link rel="search" title="搜索" href="../search.html"/>
<link rel="top" title="PaddlePaddle 文档" href="../index.html"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/perfect-scrollbar/0.6.14/css/perfect-scrollbar.min.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/override.css" type="text/css" />
<script>
var _hmt = _hmt || [];
(function() {
var hm = document.createElement("script");
hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?b9a314ab40d04d805655aab1deee08ba";
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
})();
</script>
<script src="../_static/js/modernizr.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="wy-body-for-nav" role="document">
<header class="site-header">
<div class="site-logo">
<a href="/"><img src="../_static/images/PP_w.png"></a>
</div>
<div class="site-nav-links">
<div class="site-menu">
<a class="fork-on-github" href="https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-github"></i>Folk me on Github</a>
<div class="language-switcher dropdown">
<a type="button" data-toggle="dropdown">
<span>English</span>
<i class="fa fa-angle-up"></i>
<i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="/doc_cn">中文</a></li>
<li><a href="/doc">English</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul class="site-page-links">
<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="doc-module">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/index_cn.html">新手入门</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/index_cn.html">进阶指南</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/index_cn.html">API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../faq/index_cn.html">FAQ</a></li>
</ul>
<div role="search">
<form id="rtd-search-form" class="wy-form" action="../search.html" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search docs" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="main-content-wrap">
<nav class="doc-menu-vertical" role="navigation">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/index_cn.html">新手入门</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/index_cn.html">安装与编译</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_cn.html">PaddlePaddle的Docker容器使用方式</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/ubuntu_install_cn.html">Ubuntu部署PaddlePaddle</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/build_and_install/cmake/build_from_source_cn.html">PaddlePaddle的编译选项</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../getstarted/concepts/use_concepts_cn.html">基本使用概念</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/index_cn.html">进阶指南</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/index_cn.html">设置命令行参数</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/use_case_cn.html">使用案例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/arguments_cn.html">参数概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cmd_parameter/detail_introduction_cn.html">细节描述</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_cn.html">运行分布式训练</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/k8s/k8s_basis_cn.html">Kubernetes 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/k8s/k8s_cn.html">Kubernetes单机训练</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/usage/k8s/k8s_distributed_cn.html">Kubernetes分布式训练</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/dev/write_docs_cn.html">如何贡献/修改文档</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/dev/contribute_to_paddle_cn.html">如何贡献代码</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/index_cn.html">RNN相关模型</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/rnn_config_cn.html">RNN配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/recurrent_group_cn.html">Recurrent Group教程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/hierarchical_layer_cn.html">支持双层序列作为输入的Layer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/deep_model/rnn/hrnn_rnn_api_compare_cn.html">单双层RNN API对比介绍</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/optimization/gpu_profiling_cn.html">GPU性能分析与调优</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/index_cn.html">API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/model_configs.html">模型配置</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/activation.html">Activation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/layer.html">Layers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/evaluators.html">Evaluators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/optimizer.html">Optimizer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/pooling.html">Pooling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/networks.html">Networks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/config/attr.html">Parameter Attribute</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/data.html">数据访问</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../api/v2/run_logic.html">训练与应用</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../faq/index_cn.html">FAQ</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section class="doc-content-wrap">
<div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation">
<ul class="wy-breadcrumbs">
<li>Interaction between C++ and Python</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="wy-nav-content" id="doc-content">
<div class="rst-content">
<div role="main" class="document" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
<div itemprop="articleBody">
<div class="section" id="interaction-between-c-and-python">
<span id="interaction-between-c-and-python"></span><h1>Interaction between C++ and Python<a class="headerlink" href="#interaction-between-c-and-python" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p>Users employ API in Python to describe their own network, however, the network construction actually happens in C++. so Protobuf is introduced to send the message between Python and C++.</p>
<p>The Interaction between Python and C++ can be simplified as two steps:</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li>C++ tells Python how many Ops there are, and what parameter do users need to offer to initialize a new Op. Python then builds API for each Op at compile time.</li>
<li>Users invoke APIs built by Python and provide necessary parameters. These parameters will be sent to C++ fo finish Op construction task.</li>
</ol>
<div class="section" id="message-form-c-to-python">
<span id="message-form-c-to-python"></span><h2>Message form C++ to Python<a class="headerlink" href="#message-form-c-to-python" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>We define a Protobuf message class <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code> to hold message needed in the first step. What should an <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code> contain? This question is equivalent to “What message do we need to offer, to build a Python API which is legal and user oriented and can use to describe a whole Op.”</p>
<p>Following message are necessary:</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li>Op&#8217;s name, and its simple comment.</li>
<li>Input and output variable number; each variable&#8217;s name, type, and comment.</li>
<li>Op&#8217;s attributes; each attribute includes name, type, comment, <strong>default value</strong> and <strong>value range</strong>.</li>
</ol>
<p>So <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code> can be defined as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-proto"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">enum</span> <span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="na">INT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">FLOAT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">STRING</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">INTS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">FLOATS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="na">STRINGS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">AttrValue</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">optional</span> <span class="n">int</span> <span class="na">iv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">optional</span> <span class="kt">float</span> <span class="na">fv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">optional</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">sv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">int</span> <span class="na">ivs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">float</span> <span class="na">fvs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">svs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">AttrProto</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">comment</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">VarProto</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">comment</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">OpProto</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">VarProto</span> <span class="na">inputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">VarProto</span> <span class="na">outputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">AttrProto</span> <span class="na">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">comment</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To generate Python code automatically:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>def create_python_ops_creatation_functions():
op_protos = paddle.framework.OpRegistry.get_all_op_proto()
for type_name in op_protos:
op_proto = op_protos[type_name]
def __impl__(**kwargs): # User must use key word args in Paddle API
inputs = [kwargs.get(ipt.name, &quot;&quot;) for ipt in op_proto.inputs]
outputs = [kwargs.get(opt.name, &quot;&quot;) for opt in op_proto.outputs]
attrs = [cast_to_op_attr(attr, kwargs.get(attr.name, None)) for attr in op_proto.attrs]
opdesc = （input, outputs, type_name, attrs）
return paddle.framework.OpRegistry.CreateOp(opdesc)
__impl__.__doc__ = create_doc_string(op_proto)
globals()[type_name] = __impl__
create_python_ops_creatation_functions()
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="message-from-python-to-c">
<span id="message-from-python-to-c"></span><h2>Message from Python to C++<a class="headerlink" href="#message-from-python-to-c" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>To hold message needed in the above second step, we define Protobuf message class <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpDesc</span></code>. It is used to hold user-specified parameters in Op describing.</p>
<div class="highlight-proto"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">OpDesc</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">inputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="kt">string</span> <span class="na">outputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">map</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">AttrValue</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="na">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="opproto-register">
<span id="opproto-register"></span><h1>OpProto Register<a class="headerlink" href="#opproto-register" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p>Every Op has its own <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code>. For using convenience, we need to register them and record all their messages. For each <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Op</span></code> class, we define a corresponding <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpMaker</span></code> class, in whose constructor we implement the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpProto</span></code>&#8216;s building process. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpMaker</span></code>&#8216;s constructor will be invoked by another function <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpRegistry::RegisterOp()</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-cpp"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OpProtoMaker</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">OpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">proto_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">protected</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">proto_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AddInput</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{...}</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AddAttr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TypeId</span> <span class="n">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{...}</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AddComment</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">comment</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OpRegistry</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="k">using</span> <span class="n">OpCreator</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">OperatorBase</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OpDesc</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">template</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="kt">void</span> <span class="n">RegisterOp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">gCreators_</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[](</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">OpDesc</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">opProto</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">gProtos_</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">opProto</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="n">map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OpCreator</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">gCreators_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="n">map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">gProtos_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="k">template</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">typename</span> <span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">OpRegister</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">OpRegister</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span> <span class="n">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">OpRegistry</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">RegisterOp</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">OpType</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OpMaker</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="cp">#define REGISTER_OP(op_class, op_maker_class, type_name) \</span>
<span class="cp"> class op_class##Register { \</span>
<span class="cp"> private: \</span>
<span class="cp"> const static OpRegister&lt;#op_class, #op_maker_class&gt; reg; \</span>
<span class="cp"> }; \</span>
<span class="cp"> const Register op_class##Register::reg(#type_name);</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CosineOp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nl">CosineOpProtoMaker</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="k">public</span> <span class="n">OpProtoMaker</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">CosineOpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OpProto</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">OpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proto</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">AddInput</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;input&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;input of cosine op&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AddAttr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;scale&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;scale of cosine op&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">float</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">Default</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">LargerThan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AddType</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;cos&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AddComment</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;This is cos op&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">REGISTER_OP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">CosineOp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">CosineOpProtoMaker</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cos</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REGISTER_OP(CosineOp,</span> <span class="pre">CosineOpProtoMaker,</span> <span class="pre">cos)</span></code>, we register not only <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CosineOp</span></code> but also <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CosineOpProto</span></code>. As fields of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CosineOpProto</span></code>, the default value and value range of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">scale</span></code> are also registered here.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="python-api">
<span id="python-api"></span><h1>Python API<a class="headerlink" href="#python-api" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p>Python APIs are divided into two types, high-level API and low-level API.</p>
<div class="section" id="high-level-api">
<span id="high-level-api"></span><h2>High-Level API<a class="headerlink" href="#high-level-api" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>High-level API is called by users directly, so it should keep its style consistent with existing V2 APIs.</p>
<p>Here is a sample about how a define a fc layer:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">hd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fc_layer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">56</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">with_bias</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">activation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;sigmoid&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hd</span></code> is the output of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fc_layer</span></code> and it&#8217;s a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">variable</span></code>. It can be further sent into other layers as input.</p>
<p>The definition of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fc_layer()</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fc_layer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">with_bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">activation</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">attr_map</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;size&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">check_attrs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attr_map</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;w&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">with_bias</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
<span class="n">fc_output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;fc_output&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">fc_op</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc_output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr_map</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">act_output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_variable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;sigmod_output&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">activation</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;sigmod&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">sigmod_op</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fc_output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">act_output</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">elif</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">act_output</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="low-leval-api">
<span id="low-leval-api"></span><h2>Low Leval API<a class="headerlink" href="#low-leval-api" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>In above sample, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fc_op</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sigmod_op</span></code> are low-level API. They build <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OpDesc</span></code> and invoke corresponding C++ code.</p>
<p><em>TODO</em></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<hr/>
<div role="contentinfo">
<p>
&copy; Copyright 2016, PaddlePaddle developers.
</p>
</div>
Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>.
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT:'../',
VERSION:'',
COLLAPSE_INDEX:false,
FILE_SUFFIX:'.html',
HAS_SOURCE: true,
SOURCELINK_SUFFIX: ".txt",
};
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/translations.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/perfect-scrollbar/0.6.14/js/perfect-scrollbar.jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../_static/js/paddle_doc_init.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
\ No newline at end of file
develop/doc_cn/searchindex.js
浏览文件 @ 8269a2ba
因为 它太大了无法显示 source diff 。你可以改为 查看blob。
Markdown is supported
0% 或 .
You are about to add 0 people to the discussion. Proceed with caution.
先完成此消息的编辑！
想要评论请 注册 或