# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. from __future__ import print_function from six.moves import reduce from .. import core from ..layers import utils from . import layers from ..framework import Variable, in_dygraph_mode, OpProtoHolder, Parameter from ..param_attr import ParamAttr from ..initializer import Normal, Constant, NumpyArrayInitializer import numpy as np import logging __all__ = [ 'Conv2D', 'Conv3D', 'Pool2D', 'FC', 'BatchNorm', 'Embedding', 'GRUUnit', 'LayerNorm', 'NCE', 'PRelu', 'BilinearTensorProduct', 'Conv2DTranspose', 'Conv3DTranspose', 'GroupNorm', 'SpectralNorm', 'TreeConv' ] class Conv2D(layers.Layer): """ The convolution2D layer calculates the output based on the input, filter and strides, paddings, dilations, groups parameters. Input and Output are in NCHW format, where N is batch size, C is the number of channels, H is the height of the feature, and W is the width of the feature. Filter is in MCHW format, where M is the number of output image channels, C is the number of input image channels, H is the height of the filter, and W is the width of the filter. If the groups is greater than 1, C will equal the number of input image channels divided by the groups. Please refer to UFLDL's `convolution ` for more detials. If bias attribution and activation type are provided, bias is added to the output of the convolution, and the corresponding activation function is applied to the final result. For each input :math:`X`, the equation is: .. math:: Out = \sigma (W \\ast X + b) Where: * :math:`X`: Input value, a tensor with NCHW format. * :math:`W`: Filter value, a tensor with MCHW format. * :math:`\\ast`: Convolution operation. * :math:`b`: Bias value, a 2-D tensor with shape [M, 1]. * :math:`\\sigma`: Activation function. * :math:`Out`: Output value, the shape of :math:`Out` and :math:`X` may be different. Example: - Input: Input shape: :math:`(N, C_{in}, H_{in}, W_{in})` Filter shape: :math:`(C_{out}, C_{in}, H_f, W_f)` - Output: Output shape: :math:`(N, C_{out}, H_{out}, W_{out})` Where .. math:: H_{out}&= \\frac{(H_{in} + 2 * paddings[0] - (dilations[0] * (H_f - 1) + 1))}{strides[0]} + 1 \\\\ W_{out}&= \\frac{(W_{in} + 2 * paddings[1] - (dilations[1] * (W_f - 1) + 1))}{strides[1]} + 1 Parameters: name_scope(str) : The name for this class. num_filters(int): The number of filter. It is as same as the output image channel. filter_size (int|tuple|None): The filter size. If filter_size is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (filter_size_H, filter_size_W). Otherwise, the filter will be a square. stride (int|tuple): The stride size. If stride is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (stride_H, stride_W). Otherwise, the stride_H = stride_W = stride. Default: stride = 1. padding (int|tuple): The padding size. If padding is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (padding_H, padding_W). Otherwise, the padding_H = padding_W = padding. Default: padding = 0. dilation (int|tuple): The dilation size. If dilation is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (dilation_H, dilation_W). Otherwise, the dilation_H = dilation_W = dilation. Default: dilation = 1. groups (int): The groups number of the Conv2d Layer. According to grouped convolution in Alex Krizhevsky's Deep CNN paper: when group=2, the first half of the filters is only connected to the first half of the input channels, while the second half of the filters is only connected to the second half of the input channels. Default: groups=1. param_attr (ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of conv2d. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv2d will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with :math:`Normal(0.0, std)`, and the :math:`std` is :math:`(\\frac{2.0 }{filter\_elem\_num})^{0.5}`. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of conv2d. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv2d will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. use_cudnn (bool): Use cudnn kernel or not, it is valid only when the cudnn library is installed. Default: True act (str): Activation type, if it is set to None, activation is not appended. Default: None Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of filter of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Raises: ValueError: If the shapes of input, filter_size, stride, padding and groups mismatch. Examples: .. code-block:: python from paddle.fluid.dygraph.base import to_variable import paddle.fluid as fluid from paddle.fluid.dygraph import Conv2D import numpy as np data = np.random.uniform( -1, 1, [10, 3, 32, 32] ).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): conv2d = Conv2D( "conv2d", 2, 3) data = to_variable( data ) conv = conv2d( data ) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_filters, filter_size, stride=1, padding=0, dilation=1, groups=None, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, use_cudnn=True, act=None, dtype='float32'): assert param_attr is not False, "param_attr should not be False here." super(Conv2D, self).__init__(name_scope, dtype) self._groups = groups self._stride = utils.convert_to_list(stride, 2, 'stride') self._padding = utils.convert_to_list(padding, 2, 'padding') self._dilation = utils.convert_to_list(dilation, 2, 'dilation') self._act = act if not isinstance(use_cudnn, bool): raise ValueError("use_cudnn should be True or False") self._use_cudnn = use_cudnn self._filter_size = filter_size self._num_filters = num_filters self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._dtype = dtype # if (self._num_channels == self._groups and # num_filters % self._num_channels == 0 and not self._use_cudnn): # self._l_type = 'depthwise_conv2d' # else: # TODO(jiabin): recover the usage of depthwise_conv2d when it's # kernel fixed https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/issues/17275 self._l_type = 'conv2d' def _build_once(self, input): self._num_channels = input.shape[1] if self._groups is None: num_filter_channels = self._num_channels else: if self._num_channels % self._groups != 0: raise ValueError("num_channels must be divisible by groups.") num_filter_channels = self._num_channels // self._groups filter_size = utils.convert_to_list(self._filter_size, 2, 'filter_size') filter_shape = [self._num_filters, int(num_filter_channels) ] + filter_size def _get_default_param_initializer(): filter_elem_num = filter_size[0] * filter_size[ 1] * self._num_channels std = (2.0 / filter_elem_num)**0.5 return Normal(0.0, std, 0) self._filter_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=filter_shape, dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=_get_default_param_initializer()) self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_filters], dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) @property def weight(self): return self._filter_param @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._filter_param = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias_param @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias_param = value def forward(self, input): pre_bias = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type=self._l_type, inputs={ 'Input': input, 'Filter': self._filter_param, }, outputs={"Output": pre_bias}, attrs={ 'strides': self._stride, 'paddings': self._padding, 'dilations': self._dilation, 'groups': self._groups if self._groups else 1, 'use_cudnn': self._use_cudnn, 'use_mkldnn': False, }) if self._bias_param is not None: pre_act = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [pre_bias], 'Y': [self._bias_param]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_act]}, attrs={'axis': 1}) else: pre_act = pre_bias # Currently, we don't support inplace in dygraph mode return self._helper.append_activation(pre_act, act=self._act) class Conv3D(layers.Layer): """ **Convlution3D Layer** The convolution3D layer calculates the output based on the input, filter and strides, paddings, dilations, groups parameters. Input(Input) and Output(Output) are in NCDHW format. Where N is batch size C is the number of channels, D is the depth of the feature, H is the height of the feature, and W is the width of the feature. Convlution3D is similar with Convlution2D but adds one dimension(depth). If bias attribution and activation type are provided, bias is added to the output of the convolution, and the corresponding activation function is applied to the final result. For each input :math:`X`, the equation is: .. math:: Out = \sigma (W \\ast X + b) In the above equation: * :math:`X`: Input value, a tensor with NCDHW format. * :math:`W`: Filter value, a tensor with MCDHW format. * :math:`\\ast`: Convolution operation. * :math:`b`: Bias value, a 2-D tensor with shape [M, 1]. * :math:`\\sigma`: Activation function. * :math:`Out`: Output value, the shape of :math:`Out` and :math:`X` may be different. Example: - Input: Input shape: :math:`(N, C_{in}, D_{in}, H_{in}, W_{in})` Filter shape: :math:`(C_{out}, C_{in}, D_f, H_f, W_f)` - Output: Output shape: :math:`(N, C_{out}, D_{out}, H_{out}, W_{out})` Where .. math:: D_{out}&= \\frac{(D_{in} + 2 * paddings[0] - (dilations[0] * (D_f - 1) + 1))}{strides[0]} + 1 \\\\ H_{out}&= \\frac{(H_{in} + 2 * paddings[1] - (dilations[1] * (H_f - 1) + 1))}{strides[1]} + 1 \\\\ W_{out}&= \\frac{(W_{in} + 2 * paddings[2] - (dilations[2] * (W_f - 1) + 1))}{strides[2]} + 1 Parameters: name_scope(str) : The name for this class. num_filters(int): The number of filter. It is as same as the output image channel. filter_size (int|tuple|None): The filter size. If filter_size is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (filter_size_D, filter_size_H, filter_size_W). Otherwise, the filter will be a square. stride (int|tuple): The stride size. If stride is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (stride_D, stride_H, stride_W). Otherwise, the stride_D = stride_H = stride_W = stride. Default: stride = 1. padding (int|tuple): The padding size. If padding is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (padding_D, padding_H, padding_W). Otherwise, the padding_D = padding_H = padding_W = padding. Default: padding = 0. dilation (int|tuple): The dilation size. If dilation is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (dilation_D, dilation_H, dilation_W). Otherwise, the dilation_D = dilation_H = dilation_W = dilation. Default: dilation = 1. groups (int): The groups number of the Conv3d Layer. According to grouped convolution in Alex Krizhevsky's Deep CNN paper: when group=2, the first half of the filters is only connected to the first half of the input channels, while the second half of the filters is only connected to the second half of the input channels. Default: groups=1 param_attr (ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of conv3d. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv3d will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If it is set to None, the parameter is initialized with :math:`Normal(0.0, std)`, and the :math:`std` is :math:`(\\frac{2.0 }{filter\_elem\_num})^{0.5}`. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of conv3d. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv3d will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. use_cudnn (bool): Use cudnn kernel or not, it is valid only when the cudnn library is installed. Default: True act (str): Activation type, if it is set to None, activation is not appended. Default: None. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of filters of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: Variable: The tensor variable storing the convolution and \ non-linearity activation result. Raises: ValueError: If the shapes of input, filter_size, stride, padding and groups mismatch. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): data = numpy.random.random((5, 3, 12, 32, 32)).astype('float32') conv3d = fluid.dygraph.nn.Conv3D( 'Conv3D', num_filters=2, filter_size=3, act="relu") ret = conv3d(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(data)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_filters, filter_size, stride=1, padding=0, dilation=1, groups=None, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, use_cudnn=True, act=None): assert param_attr is not False, "param_attr should not be False here." super(Conv3D, self).__init__(name_scope) self._groups = groups self._stride = utils.convert_to_list(stride, 3, 'stride') self._padding = utils.convert_to_list(padding, 3, 'padding') self._dilation = utils.convert_to_list(dilation, 3, 'dilation') self._act = act if not isinstance(use_cudnn, bool): raise ValueError("use_cudnn should be True or False") self._use_cudnn = use_cudnn self._filter_size = filter_size self._num_filters = num_filters self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr def _build_once(self, input): num_channels = input.shape[1] self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) if self._groups is None: num_filter_channels = num_channels else: if num_channels % self._groups != 0: raise ValueError("num_channels must be divisible by groups.") num_filter_channels = num_channels // self._groups filter_size = utils.convert_to_list(self._filter_size, 3, 'filter_size') filter_shape = [self._num_filters, num_filter_channels] + filter_size def _get_default_param_initializer(): filter_elem_num = filter_size[0] * filter_size[1] * filter_size[ 2] * num_channels std = (2.0 / filter_elem_num)**0.5 return Normal(0.0, std, 0) self._filter_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=filter_shape, dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=_get_default_param_initializer()) self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_filters], dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) @property def weight(self): return self._filter_param @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._filter_param = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias_param @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias_param = value def forward(self, input): pre_bias = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='conv3d', inputs={ 'Input': input, 'Filter': self._filter_param, }, outputs={"Output": pre_bias}, attrs={ 'strides': self._stride, 'paddings': self._padding, 'dilations': self._dilation, 'groups': self._groups if self._groups else 1, 'use_cudnn': self._use_cudnn, 'use_mkldnn': False }) if self._bias_param is not None: pre_act = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [pre_bias], 'Y': [self._bias_param]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_act]}, attrs={'axis': 1}) else: pre_act = pre_bias return self._helper.append_activation(pre_act, act=self._act) class Conv3DTranspose(layers.Layer): """ **Convlution3D transpose layer** The convolution3D transpose layer calculates the output based on the input, filter, and dilations, strides, paddings. Input(Input) and output(Output) are in NCDHW format. Where N is batch size, C is the number of channels, D is the depth of the feature, H is the height of the feature, and W is the width of the feature. Parameters(dilations, strides, paddings) are two elements. These two elements represent height and width, respectively. The details of convolution transpose layer, please refer to the following explanation and references `therein `_. If bias attribution and activation type are provided, bias is added to the output of the convolution, and the corresponding activation function is applied to the final result. For each input :math:`X`, the equation is: .. math:: Out = \sigma (W \\ast X + b) In the above equation: * :math:`X`: Input value, a tensor with NCDHW format. * :math:`W`: Filter value, a tensor with MCDHW format. * :math:`\\ast`: Convolution operation. * :math:`b`: Bias value, a 2-D tensor with shape [M, 1]. * :math:`\\sigma`: Activation function. * :math:`Out`: Output value, the shape of :math:`Out` and :math:`X` may be different. Example: - Input: Input shape: :math:`(N, C_{in}, D_{in}, H_{in}, W_{in})` Filter shape: :math:`(C_{in}, C_{out}, D_f, H_f, W_f)` - Output: Output shape: :math:`(N, C_{out}, D_{out}, H_{out}, W_{out})` Where .. math:: D_{out} &= (D_{in} - 1) * strides[0] - 2 * paddings[0] + dilations[0] * (D_f - 1) + 1 \\\\ H_{out} &= (H_{in} - 1) * strides[1] - 2 * paddings[1] + dilations[1] * (H_f - 1) + 1 \\\\ W_{out} &= (W_{in} - 1) * strides[2] - 2 * paddings[2] + dilations[2] * (W_f - 1) + 1 Parameters: name_scope(str) : The name for this class. num_filters(int): The number of the filter. It is as same as the output image channel. output_size(int|tuple|None): The output image size. If output size is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (image_D, image_H, image_W). This parameter only works when filter_size is None. filter_size(int|tuple|None): The filter size. If filter_size is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (filter_size_D, filter_size_H, filter_size_W). Otherwise, the filter will be a square. None if use output size to calculate filter_size. padding(int|tuple): The padding size. If padding is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (padding_D, padding_H, padding_W). Otherwise, the padding_D = padding_H = padding_W = padding. Default: padding = 0. stride(int|tuple): The stride size. If stride is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (stride_D, stride_H, stride_W). Otherwise, the stride_D = stride_H = stride_W = stride. Default: stride = 1. dilation(int|tuple): The dilation size. If dilation is a tuple, it must contain three integers, (dilation_D, dilation_H, dilation_W). Otherwise, the dilation_D = dilation_H = dilation_W = dilation. Default: dilation = 1. groups(int): The groups number of the Conv3d transpose layer. Inspired by grouped convolution in Alex Krizhevsky's Deep CNN paper, in which when group=2, the first half of the filters is only connected to the first half of the input channels, while the second half of the filters is only connected to the second half of the input channels. Default: groups=1 param_attr (ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of conv3d_transpose. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv3d_transpose will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with Xavier. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of conv3d_transpose. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv3d_transpose will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. use_cudnn(bool): Use cudnn kernel or not, it is valid only when the cudnn library is installed. Default: True act (str): Activation type, if it is set to None, activation is not appended. Default: None. name(str|None): A name for this layer(optional). If set None, the layer will be named automatically. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of filters of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: Variable: The tensor variable storing the convolution transpose result. Raises: ValueError: If the shapes of input, filter_size, stride, padding and groups mismatch. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): data = numpy.random.random((5, 3, 12, 32, 32)).astype('float32') conv3dTranspose = fluid.dygraph.nn.Conv3DTranspose( 'Conv3DTranspose', num_filters=12, filter_size=12, use_cudnn=False) ret = conv3dTranspose(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(data)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_filters, output_size=None, filter_size=None, padding=0, stride=1, dilation=1, groups=None, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, use_cudnn=True, act=None, name=None): super(Conv3DTranspose, self).__init__(name_scope) if not isinstance(use_cudnn, bool): raise ValueError("use_cudnn should be True or False") assert param_attr is not False, "param_attr should not be False in conv3d_transpose." self._padding = utils.convert_to_list(padding, 3, 'padding') self._stride = utils.convert_to_list(stride, 3, 'stride') self._dilation = utils.convert_to_list(dilation, 3, 'dilation') self._param_attr = param_attr self._filter_size = filter_size self._output_size = output_size self._groups = 1 if groups is None else groups self._num_filters = num_filters self._use_cudnn = use_cudnn self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._act = act def _build_once(self, input): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) self._input_channel = input.shape[1] if self._filter_size is None: if self._output_size is None: raise ValueError( "output_size must be set when filter_size is None") if isinstance(self._output_size, int): self._output_size = [self._output_size, self._output_size] d_in = input.shape[2] h_in = input.shape[3] w_in = input.shape[4] filter_size_d = (self._output_size[0] - (d_in - 1) * self._stride[0] + 2 * self._padding[0] - 1) // self._dilation[0] + 1 filter_size_h = (self._output_size[1] - (h_in - 1) * self._stride[1] + 2 * self._padding[1] - 1) // self._dilation[1] + 1 filter_size_w = (self._output_size[2] - (w_in - 1) * self._stride[2] + 2 * self._padding[2] - 1) // self._dilation[2] + 1 self._filter_size = [filter_size_d, filter_size_h, filter_size_w] else: self._filter_size = utils.convert_to_list( self._filter_size, 3, 'conv3d_transpose.filter_size') filter_shape = [ self._input_channel, self._num_filters // self._groups ] + self._filter_size self._img_filter = self.create_parameter( dtype=self._dtype, shape=filter_shape, attr=self._param_attr) if self._bias_attr: self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_filters], dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) @property def weight(self): return self._img_filter @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._img_filter = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias_param @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias_param = value def forward(self, input): pre_bias = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="conv3d_transpose", inputs={'Input': [input], 'Filter': [self._img_filter]}, outputs={'Output': pre_bias}, attrs={ 'strides': self._stride, 'paddings': self._padding, 'dilations': self._dilation, 'groups': self._groups if self._groups else 1, 'use_cudnn': self._use_cudnn }) if self._bias_attr: pre_act = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [pre_bias], 'Y': [self._bias_param]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_act]}, attrs={'axis': 1}) else: pre_act = pre_bias # Currently, we don't support inplace in imperative mode return self._helper.append_activation(pre_act, act=self._act) class Pool2D(layers.Layer): """ The pooling2d operation calculates the output based on the input, pooling_type and ksize, strides, paddings parameters.Input(X) and output(Out) are in NCHW format, where N is batch size, C is the number of channels, H is the height of the feature, and W is the width of the feature. Parameters(ksize, strides, paddings) are two elements. These two elements represent height and width, respectively. The input(X) size and output(Out) size may be different. Parameters: name_scope(str) : The name of this class. pool_size (int|list|tuple): The pool kernel size. If pool kernel size is a tuple or list, it must contain two integers, (pool_size_Height, pool_size_Width). Otherwise, the pool kernel size will be a square of an int. Default: -1 pool_type(str) : The pooling type, can be "max" for max-pooling and "avg" for average-pooling. Default: max pool_stride (int|list|tuple): The pool stride size. If pool stride size is a tuple or list, it must contain two integers, (pool_stride_Height, pool_stride_Width). Otherwise, the pool stride size will be a square of an int. Default: 1 pool_padding (int|list|tuple): The pool padding size. If pool padding size is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (pool_padding_on_Height, pool_padding_on_Width). Otherwise, the pool padding size will be a square of an int. Default: 0 global_pooling (bool): Whether to use the global pooling. If global_pooling = true, kernel size and paddings will be ignored. Default: False use_cudnn (bool): Only used in cudnn kernel, need install cudnn. Default: True ceil_mode (bool): Whether to use the ceil function to calculate output height and width. False is the default. If it is set to False, the floor function will be used. Default: False exclusive (bool): Whether to exclude padding points in average pooling mode. Default: True Returns: Variable: The pooling result. Raises: ValueError: If 'pool_type' is not "max" nor "avg" ValueError: If 'global_pooling' is False and 'pool_size' is -1 ValueError: If 'use_cudnn' is not a bool value. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): data = numpy.random.random((3, 32, 32)).astype('float32') pool2d = fluid.dygraph.Pool2D("pool2d",pool_size=2, pool_type='max', pool_stride=1, global_pooling=False) pool2d_res = pool2d(data) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, pool_size=-1, pool_type="max", pool_stride=1, pool_padding=0, global_pooling=False, use_cudnn=True, ceil_mode=False, exclusive=True, dtype=core.VarDesc.VarType.FP32): if pool_type not in ["max", "avg"]: raise ValueError( "Unknown pool_type: '%s'. It can only be 'max' or 'avg'.", str(pool_type)) if global_pooling is False and pool_size == -1: raise ValueError( "When the global_pooling is False, pool_size must be passed " "and be a valid value. Received pool_size: " + str(pool_size)) if not isinstance(use_cudnn, bool): raise ValueError("use_cudnn should be True or False") super(Pool2D, self).__init__(name_scope, dtype=dtype) self._pool_type = pool_type self._pool_size = utils.convert_to_list(pool_size, 2, 'pool_size') self._pool_padding = utils.convert_to_list(pool_padding, 2, 'pool_padding') self._pool_stride = utils.convert_to_list(pool_stride, 2, 'pool_stride') self._global_pooling = global_pooling self._use_cudnn = use_cudnn self._ceil_mode = ceil_mode self._exclusive = exclusive self._l_type = 'pool2d' def forward(self, input): pool_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type=self._l_type, inputs={"X": input}, outputs={"Out": pool_out}, attrs={ "pooling_type": self._pool_type, "ksize": self._pool_size, "global_pooling": self._global_pooling, "strides": self._pool_stride, "paddings": self._pool_padding, "use_cudnn": self._use_cudnn, "ceil_mode": self._ceil_mode, "use_mkldnn": False, "exclusive": self._exclusive, }) return pool_out class FC(layers.Layer): """ **Fully Connected Layer** This function creates a fully connected layer in the network. It can take one or multiple tensors as its inputs(input can be a list of Variable, see Args in detail). It creates a variable called weights for each input tensor, which represents a fully connected weight matrix from each input unit to each output unit. The fully connected layer multiplies each input tensor with its corresponding weight to produce an output Tensor with shape [M, `size`], where M is batch size. If multiple input tensors are given, the results of multiple output tensors with shape [M, `size`] will be summed up. If bias_attr is not None, a bias variable will be created and added to the output. Finally, if activation is not None, it will be applied to the output as well. When the input is single tensor: .. math:: Out = Act({XW + b}) When the input are multiple tensors: .. math:: Out = Act({\sum_{i=0}^{N-1}X_iW_i + b}) In the above equation: * :math:`N`: Number of the input. N equals to len(input) if input is list of Variable. * :math:`X_i`: The i-th input tensor. * :math:`W_i`: The i-th weights matrix corresponding i-th input tensor. * :math:`b`: The bias parameter created by this layer (if needed). * :math:`Act`: The activation function. * :math:`Out`: The output tensor. See below for an example. .. code-block:: text Given: data_1.data = [[[0.1, 0.2], [0.3, 0.4]]] data_1.shape = (1, 2, 2) # 1 is batch_size data_2 = [[[0.1, 0.2, 0.3]]] data_2.shape = (1, 1, 3) out = fluid.layers.fc(input=[data_1, data_2], size=2) Then: out.data = [[0.18669507, 0.1893476]] out.shape = (1, 2) Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. size(int): The number of output units in this layer. num_flatten_dims (int): The fc layer can accept an input tensor with more than two dimensions. If this happens, the multidimensional tensor will first be flattened into a 2-dimensional matrix. The parameter `num_flatten_dims` determines how the input tensor is flattened: the first `num_flatten_dims` (inclusive, index starts from 1) dimensions will be flatten to form the first dimension of the final matrix (height of the matrix), and the rest `rank(X) - num_flatten_dims` dimensions are flattened to form the second dimension of the final matrix (width of the matrix). For example, suppose `X` is a 5-dimensional tensor with a shape [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], and `num_flatten_dims` = 3. Then, the flattened matrix will have a shape [2 x 3 x 4, 5 x 6] = [24, 30]. Default: 1 param_attr (ParamAttr|list of ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of this layer. bias_attr (ParamAttr|list of ParamAttr, default None): The parameter attribute for the bias of this layer. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. act (str|None): Activation to be applied to the output of this layer. is_test(bool): A flag indicating whether execution is in test phase. Default: False dtype(str): Dtype used for weight Attributes: weight (list of Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Raises: ValueError: If rank of the input tensor is less than 2. Examples: .. code-block:: python from paddle.fluid.dygraph.base import to_variable import paddle.fluid as fluid from paddle.fluid.dygraph import FC import numpy as np data = np.random.uniform( -1, 1, [30, 10, 32] ).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): fc = FC( "fc", 64, num_flatten_dims=2) data = to_variable( data ) conv = fc( data ) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, size, num_flatten_dims=1, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, act=None, is_test=False, dtype="float32"): super(FC, self).__init__(name_scope, dtype) self._size = size self._num_flatten_dims = num_flatten_dims self._dtype = dtype self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._act = act self.__w = list() def _build_once(self, input): i = 0 for inp, param in self._helper.iter_inputs_and_params(input, self._param_attr): input_shape = inp.shape param_shape = [ reduce(lambda a, b: a * b, input_shape[self._num_flatten_dims:], 1) ] + [self._size] self.__w.append( self.add_parameter( '_w%d' % i, self.create_parameter( attr=param, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=False))) i += 1 size = list([self._size]) self._b = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=size, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) # TODO(songyouwei): We should remove _w property @property def _w(self, i=0): return self.__w[i] @_w.setter def _w(self, value, i=0): assert isinstance(self.__w[i], Variable) self.__w[i].set_value(value) @property def weight(self): if len(self.__w) > 1: return self.__w else: return self.__w[0] @weight.setter def weight(self, value): if len(self.__w) == 1: self.__w[0] = value @property def bias(self): return self._b @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._b = value def forward(self, input): mul_results = list() i = 0 for inp, param in self._helper.iter_inputs_and_params(input, self._param_attr): tmp = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="mul", inputs={"X": inp, "Y": self.__w[i]}, outputs={"Out": tmp}, attrs={ "x_num_col_dims": self._num_flatten_dims, "y_num_col_dims": 1 }) i += 1 mul_results.append(tmp) if len(mul_results) == 1: pre_bias = mul_results[0] else: pre_bias = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="sum", inputs={"X": mul_results}, outputs={"Out": pre_bias}, attrs={"use_mkldnn": False}) if self._b: pre_activation = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [pre_bias], 'Y': [self._b]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_activation]}, attrs={'axis': self._num_flatten_dims}) else: pre_activation = pre_bias # Currently, we don't support inplace in dygraph mode return self._helper.append_activation(pre_activation, act=self._act) class BatchNorm(layers.Layer): """ This interface is used to construct a callable object of the ``BatchNorm`` class. For more details, refer to code examples. It implements the function of the Batch Normalization Layer and can be used as a normalizer function for conv2d and fully connected operations. The data is normalized by the mean and variance of the channel based on the current batch data. Refer to `Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift `_ for more details. When use_global_stats = False, the :math:`\\mu_{\\beta}` and :math:`\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}` are the statistics of one mini-batch. Calculated as follows: .. math:: \\mu_{\\beta} &\\gets \\frac{1}{m} \\sum_{i=1}^{m} x_i \\qquad &//\\ \ mini-batch\ mean \\\\ \\sigma_{\\beta}^{2} &\\gets \\frac{1}{m} \\sum_{i=1}^{m}(x_i - \\ \\mu_{\\beta})^2 \\qquad &//\ mini-batch\ variance \\\\ - :math:`x` : mini-batch data - :math:`m` : the size of the mini-batch data When use_global_stats = True, the :math:`\\mu_{\\beta}` and :math:`\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}` are not the statistics of one mini-batch. They are global or running statistics (moving_mean and moving_variance). It usually got from the pre-trained model. Calculated as follows: .. math:: moving\_mean = moving\_mean * momentum + \mu_{\beta} * (1. - momentum) \quad &// global mean \\ moving\_variance = moving\_variance * momentum + \sigma_{\beta}^{2} * (1. - momentum) \quad &// global variance \\ The normalization function formula is as follows: .. math:: \\hat{x_i} &\\gets \\frac{x_i - \\mu_\\beta} {\\sqrt{\\ \\sigma_{\\beta}^{2} + \\epsilon}} \\qquad &//\ normalize \\\\ y_i &\\gets \\gamma \\hat{x_i} + \\beta \\qquad &//\ scale\ and\ shift - :math:`\\epsilon` : add a smaller value to the variance to prevent division by zero - :math:`\\gamma` : trainable proportional parameter - :math:`\\beta` : trainable deviation parameter Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. num_channels(int): Indicate the number of channels of the input ``Tensor``. act(str, optional): Activation to be applied to the output of batch normalizaiton. Default: None. is_test (bool, optional): A flag indicating whether it is in test phrase or not. Default: False. momentum(float, optional): The value used for the moving_mean and moving_var computation. Default: 0.9. epsilon(float, optional): The small value added to the variance to prevent division by zero. Default: 1e-5. param_attr(ParamAttr, optional): The parameter attribute for Parameter `scale` of batch_norm. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, batch_norm will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with Xavier. Default: None. bias_attr(ParamAttr, optional): The parameter attribute for the bias of batch_norm. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, batch_norm will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. dtype(str, optional): Indicate the data type of the input ``Tensor``, which can be float32 or float64. Default: float32. data_layout(str, optional): Specify the input data format, the data format can be "NCHW" or "NHWC". Default: NCHW. in_place(bool, optional): Make the input and output of batch norm reuse memory. Default: False. moving_mean_name(str, optional): The name of moving_mean which store the global Mean. Default: None. moving_variance_name(str, optional): The name of the moving_variance which store the global Variance. Default: None. do_model_average_for_mean_and_var(bool, optional): Do model average for mean and variance or not. Default: False. fuse_with_relu (bool, optional): When setting fuse_with_relu True, this OP performs relu after batch norm. Default: False. use_global_stats(bool, optional): Whether to use global mean and variance. In inference or test mode, set use_global_stats to true or is_test to true, and the behavior is equivalent. In train mode, when setting use_global_stats True, the global mean and variance are also used during train period. Default: False. trainable_statistics(bool, optional): Whether to calculate mean and var in eval mode. In eval mode, when setting trainable_statistics True, mean and variance will be calculated by current batch statistics. Default: False. Returns: None Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid from paddle.fluid.dygraph.base import to_variable import numpy as np x = np.random.random(size=(3, 10, 3, 7)).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = to_variable(x) batch_norm = fluid.BatchNorm("batch_norm", 10) hidden1 = batch_norm(x) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_channels, act=None, is_test=False, momentum=0.9, epsilon=1e-05, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, dtype='float32', data_layout='NCHW', in_place=False, moving_mean_name=None, moving_variance_name=None, do_model_average_for_mean_and_var=False, fuse_with_relu=False, use_global_stats=False, trainable_statistics=False): super(BatchNorm, self).__init__(name_scope, dtype) self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._act = act assert bias_attr is not False, "bias_attr should not be False in batch_norm." if dtype == "float16": self._dtype = "float32" else: self._dtype = dtype param_shape = [num_channels] # create parameter self._scale = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=Constant(1.0)) if use_global_stats and self._param_attr.learning_rate == 0.: self._scale.stop_gradient = True self._bias = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) if use_global_stats and self._param_attr.learning_rate == 0.: self._bias.stop_gradient = True self._mean = self.create_parameter( attr=ParamAttr( name=moving_mean_name, initializer=Constant(0.0), trainable=False, do_model_average=do_model_average_for_mean_and_var), shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype) self._mean.stop_gradient = True self._variance = self.create_parameter( attr=ParamAttr( name=moving_variance_name, initializer=Constant(1.0), trainable=False, do_model_average=do_model_average_for_mean_and_var), shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype) self._variance.stop_gradient = True self._in_place = in_place self._data_layout = data_layout self._momentum = momentum self._epsilon = epsilon self._is_test = is_test self._fuse_with_relu = fuse_with_relu self._use_global_stats = use_global_stats self._trainable_statistics = trainable_statistics def _build_once(self, input): pass def forward(self, input): # create output # mean and mean_out share the same memory mean_out = self._mean # variance and variance out share the same memory variance_out = self._variance saved_mean = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype, stop_gradient=True) saved_variance = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype, stop_gradient=True) batch_norm_out = input if self._in_place else self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="batch_norm", inputs={ "X": input, "Scale": self._scale, "Bias": self._bias, "Mean": self._mean, "Variance": self._variance }, outputs={ "Y": batch_norm_out, "MeanOut": mean_out, "VarianceOut": variance_out, "SavedMean": saved_mean, "SavedVariance": saved_variance }, attrs={ "momentum": self._momentum, "epsilon": self._epsilon, "is_test": self._is_test, "data_layout": self._data_layout, "use_mkldnn": False, "fuse_with_relu": self._fuse_with_relu, "use_global_stats": self._use_global_stats, "trainable_statistics": self._trainable_statistics }) # Currently, we don't support inplace in dygraph mode return self._helper.append_activation(batch_norm_out, self._act) class Embedding(layers.Layer): """ **Embedding Layer** This layer is used to lookup embeddings of IDs, provided by :attr:`input`, in a lookup table. The result of this lookup is the embedding of each ID in the :attr:`input`. All the input variables are passed in as local variables to the LayerHelper constructor Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. size(tuple|list): The shape of the look up table parameter. It should have two elements which indicate the size of the dictionary of embeddings and the size of each embedding vector respectively. is_sparse(bool): The flag indicating whether to use sparse update. Default: False is_distributed(bool): Whether to run lookup table from remote parameter server. Default: False. padding_idx(int|long|None): If :attr:`None`, it makes no effect to lookup. Otherwise the given :attr:`padding_idx` indicates padding the output with zeros whenever lookup encounters it in :attr:`input`. If :math:`padding_idx < 0`, the :attr:`padding_idx` to use in lookup is :math:`size[0] + dim`. Default: None. param_attr(ParamAttr): Parameters for this layer. Default: None. dtype(np.dtype|core.VarDesc.VarType|str): The type of data : float32, float_16, int etc. Default: 'float32'. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. Returns: Variable: The tensor variable storing the embeddings of the \ supplied inputs. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import paddle.fluid.dygraph.base as base import numpy as np inp_word = np.array([[[1]]]).astype('int64') dict_size = 20 with fluid.dygraph.guard(): emb = fluid.dygraph.Embedding( name_scope='embedding', size=[dict_size, 32], param_attr='emb.w', is_sparse=False) static_rlt3 = emb(base.to_variable(inp_word)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, size, is_sparse=False, is_distributed=False, padding_idx=None, param_attr=None, dtype='float32'): super(Embedding, self).__init__(name_scope, dtype) self._size = size self._is_sparse = is_sparse self._is_distributed = is_distributed self._padding_idx = -1 if padding_idx is None else padding_idx if padding_idx >= 0 else ( size[0] + padding_idx) self._param_attr = param_attr self._dtype = dtype self._remote_prefetch = self._is_sparse and (not self._is_distributed) if self._remote_prefetch: assert self._is_sparse is True and self._is_distributed is False self._w = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=self._size, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=False) @property def weight(self): return self._w @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._w = value def forward(self, input): out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='lookup_table', inputs={'Ids': input, 'W': self._w}, outputs={'Out': out}, attrs={ 'is_sparse': self._is_sparse, 'is_distributed': self._is_distributed, 'remote_prefetch': self._remote_prefetch, 'padding_idx': self._padding_idx }) return out class LayerNorm(layers.Layer): """ This interface is used to construct a callable object of the ``LayerNorm`` class. For more details, refer to code examples. It implements the function of the Layer Normalization Layer and can be applied to mini-batch input data. Refer to `Layer Normalization `_ The formula is as follows: .. math:: \\mu & = \\frac{1}{H}\\sum_{i=1}^{H} x_i \\sigma & = \\sqrt{\\frac{1}{H}\sum_{i=1}^{H}{(x_i - \\mu)^2} + \\epsilon} y & = f(\\frac{g}{\\sigma}(x - \\mu) + b) - :math:`x`: the vector representation of the summed inputs to the neurons in that layer. - :math:`H`: the number of hidden units in a layers - :math:`\\epsilon`: the small value added to the variance to prevent division by zero. - :math:`g`: the trainable scale parameter. - :math:`b`: the trainable bias parameter. Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. scale(bool, optional): Whether to learn the adaptive gain :math:`g` after normalization. Default: True. shift(bool, optional): Whether to learn the adaptive bias :math:`b` after normalization. Default: True. begin_norm_axis(int, optional): The normalization will be performed along dimensions from :attr:`begin_norm_axis` to :attr:`rank(input)`. Default: 1. epsilon(float, optional): The small value added to the variance to prevent division by zero. Default: 1e-05. param_attr(ParamAttr, optional): The parameter attribute for the learnable gain :math:`g`. If :attr:`scale` is False, :attr:`param_attr` is omitted. If :attr:`scale` is True and :attr:`param_attr` is None, a default :code:`ParamAttr` would be added as scale. The :attr:`param_attr` is initialized as 1 if it is added. Default: None. bias_attr(ParamAttr, optional): The parameter attribute for the learnable bias :math:`b`. If :attr:`shift` is False, :attr:`bias_attr` is omitted. If :attr:`shift` is True and :attr:`param_attr` is None, a default :code:`ParamAttr` would be added as bias. The :attr:`bias_attr` is initialized as 0 if it is added. Default: None. act(str, optional): Activation to be applied to the output of layer normalizaiton. Default: None. Returns: None Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid from paddle.fluid.dygraph.base import to_variable import numpy x = numpy.random.random((3, 32, 32)).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = to_variable(x) layerNorm = fluid.LayerNorm('LayerNorm', begin_norm_axis=1) ret = layerNorm(x) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, scale=True, shift=True, begin_norm_axis=1, epsilon=1e-05, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, act=None): super(LayerNorm, self).__init__(name_scope) self._scale = scale self._shift = shift self._begin_norm_axis = begin_norm_axis self._epsilon = epsilon self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._act = act def _build_once(self, input): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) input_shape = input.shape param_shape = [ reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, input_shape[self._begin_norm_axis:]) ] if self._scale: self._scale_w = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=Constant(1.0)) else: if self._param_attr: logging.warn("param_attr are only avaliable with scale is True") if self._shift: assert self._bias_attr is not False self._bias_w = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) else: if self._bias_attr: logging.warn("bias_attr are only avaliable with shift is True") def forward(self, input): inputs = dict() inputs['X'] = input if self._scale: inputs['Scale'] = self._scale_w if self._shift: inputs['Bias'] = self._bias_w # create output mean_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype, stop_gradient=True) variance_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype, stop_gradient=True) layer_norm_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="layer_norm", inputs=inputs, outputs={ "Y": layer_norm_out, "Mean": mean_out, "Variance": variance_out, }, attrs={ "epsilon": self._epsilon, "begin_norm_axis": self._begin_norm_axis }) return self._helper.append_activation(layer_norm_out, act=self._act) class GRUUnit(layers.Layer): """ **GRU unit layer** if origin_mode is True, then the equation of a gru step is from paper `Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder-Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation ` .. math:: u_t & = actGate(xu_{t} + W_u h_{t-1} + b_u) r_t & = actGate(xr_{t} + W_r h_{t-1} + b_r) m_t & = actNode(xm_t + W_c dot(r_t, h_{t-1}) + b_m) h_t & = dot(u_t, h_{t-1}) + dot((1-u_t), m_t) if origin_mode is False, then the equation of a gru step is from paper `Empirical Evaluation of Gated Recurrent Neural Networks on Sequence Modeling `_ .. math:: u_t & = actGate(xu_{t} + W_u h_{t-1} + b_u) r_t & = actGate(xr_{t} + W_r h_{t-1} + b_r) m_t & = actNode(xm_t + W_c dot(r_t, h_{t-1}) + b_m) h_t & = dot((1-u_t), h_{t-1}) + dot(u_t, m_t) The inputs of gru unit includes :math:`z_t`, :math:`h_{t-1}`. In terms of the equation above, the :math:`z_t` is split into 3 parts - :math:`xu_t`, :math:`xr_t` and :math:`xm_t`. This means that in order to implement a full GRU unit operator for an input, a fully connected layer has to be applied, such that :math:`z_t = W_{fc}x_t`. The terms :math:`u_t` and :math:`r_t` represent the update and reset gates of the GRU cell. Unlike LSTM, GRU has one lesser gate. However, there is an intermediate candidate hidden output, which is denoted by :math:`m_t`. This layer has three outputs :math:`h_t`, :math:`dot(r_t, h_{t-1})` and concatenation of :math:`u_t`, :math:`r_t` and :math:`m_t`. Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. size (int): The input dimension value. param_attr(ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for the learnable hidden-hidden weight matrix. Note: - The shape of the weight matrix is :math:`(T \\times 3D)`, where :math:`D` is the hidden size. - All elements in the weight matrix can be divided into two parts. The first part are weights of the update gate and reset gate with shape :math:`(D \\times 2D)`, and the second part are weights for candidate hidden state with shape :math:`(D \\times D)`. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, gru_unit will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with Xavier. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of GRU.Note that the bias with :math:`(1 \\times 3D)` concatenates the bias in the update gate, reset gate and candidate calculations. If it is set to False, no bias will be applied to the update gate, reset gate and candidate calculations. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, gru_unit will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. activation (str): The activation type for cell (actNode). Default: 'tanh' gate_activation (str): The activation type for gates (actGate). Default: 'sigmoid' dtype(str): The dtype of the layers. Default: 'float32' Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. bias (Parameter): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: tuple: The hidden value, reset-hidden value and gate values. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import paddle.fluid.dygraph.base as base import numpy lod = [[2, 4, 3]] D = 5 T = sum(lod[0]) hidden_input = numpy.random.rand(T, D).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = numpy.random.random((3, 32, 32)).astype('float32') gru = fluid.dygraph.GRUUnit('gru', size=D * 3) dy_ret = gru( base.to_variable(input), base.to_variable(hidden_input)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, size, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, activation='tanh', gate_activation='sigmoid', origin_mode=False, dtype='float32'): super(GRUUnit, self).__init__(name_scope, dtype) self._bias_attr = bias_attr activation_dict = dict( identity=0, sigmoid=1, tanh=2, relu=3, ) self.activation = activation_dict[activation] self.gate_activation = activation_dict[gate_activation] self._dtype = dtype size = size // 3 # create weight self._weight = self.create_parameter( attr=param_attr, shape=[size, 3 * size], dtype=dtype) # create bias bias_size = [1, 3 * size] self._bias_size = bias_size self._bias = self.create_parameter( attr=bias_attr, shape=bias_size, dtype=dtype, is_bias=True) @property def weight(self): return self._weight @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._weight = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias = value def forward(self, input, hidden): inputs = {'Input': input, 'HiddenPrev': hidden, 'Weight': self._weight} if self._bias: inputs['Bias'] = self._bias gate = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) reset_hidden_pre = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( self._dtype) updated_hidden = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='gru_unit', inputs=inputs, outputs={ 'Gate': gate, 'ResetHiddenPrev': reset_hidden_pre, 'Hidden': updated_hidden, }, attrs={ 'activation': self.activation, 'gate_activation': self.gate_activation, }) return updated_hidden, reset_hidden_pre, gate class NCE(layers.Layer): """ Compute and return the noise-contrastive estimation training loss. See `Noise-contrastive estimation: A new estimation principle for unnormalized statistical models `_ . By default this operator uses a uniform distribution for sampling. Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. num_total_classes (int): Total number of classes in all samples param_attr (ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of nce. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, nce will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with Xavier. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of nce. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, nce will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. num_neg_samples (int): The number of negative classes. The default value is 10. sampler (str): The sampler used to sample class from negtive classes. It can be 'uniform', 'log_uniform' or 'custom_dist'. default: 'uniform'. custom_dist (float[]|None): A float[] with size=num_total_classes. It is used when sampler is set to 'custom_dist'. custom_dist[i] is the probability of i-th class to be sampled. Default: None. seed (int): The seed used in sampler. Default: 0. is_sparse(bool): The flag indicating whether to use sparse update, the weight@GRAD and bias@GRAD will be changed to SelectedRows. Default: False. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: Variable: The output nce loss. Examples: .. code-block:: python import numpy as np import paddle.fluid as fluid window_size = 5 dict_size = 20 label_word = int(window_size // 2) + 1 inp_word = np.array([[[1]], [[2]], [[3]], [[4]], [[5]]]).astype('int64') nid_freq_arr = np.random.dirichlet(np.ones(20) * 1000).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): words = [] for i in range(window_size): words.append(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(inp_word[i])) emb = fluid.Embedding( 'embedding', size=[dict_size, 32], param_attr='emb.w', is_sparse=False) embs3 = [] for i in range(window_size): if i == label_word: continue emb_rlt = emb(words[i]) embs3.append(emb_rlt) embs3 = fluid.layers.concat(input=embs3, axis=1) nce = fluid.NCE('nce', num_total_classes=dict_size, num_neg_samples=2, sampler="custom_dist", custom_dist=nid_freq_arr.tolist(), seed=1, param_attr='nce.w', bias_attr='nce.b') nce_loss3 = nce(embs3, words[label_word]) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_total_classes, sample_weight=None, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, num_neg_samples=None, sampler="uniform", custom_dist=None, seed=0, is_sparse=False): super(NCE, self).__init__(name_scope) self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._num_total_classes = num_total_classes self._inputs = dict() self._inputs['SampleWeight'] = sample_weight if sample_weight is not None else [] if sampler == "uniform": sampler = 0 elif sampler == "log_uniform": sampler = 1 elif sampler == "custom_dist": assert custom_dist is not None # assert isinstance(custom_dist, Variable) custom_dist_len = len(custom_dist) alias_probs_ = [0] * custom_dist_len alias_ = [0] * custom_dist_len bigs = [] littles = [] for i in range(custom_dist_len): normal_prob = custom_dist[i] * custom_dist_len if normal_prob - 1.0 > 0: bigs.append((i, normal_prob)) elif 1.0 - normal_prob > 0: littles.append((i, normal_prob)) else: alias_probs_[i] = normal_prob alias_[i] = -1 while len(bigs) and len(littles): big = bigs.pop(0) little = littles.pop(0) big_idx = big[0] big_prob = big[1] alias_probs_[little[0]] = little[1] alias_[little[0]] = big_idx big_left = big[1] + little[1] - 1 if big_left - 1.0 > 0: bigs.append((big_idx, big_left)) elif 1.0 - big_left > 0: littles.append((big_idx, big_left)) else: alias_probs_[big_idx] = big_left alias_[big_idx] = -1 if len(bigs): big = bigs.pop(0) alias_probs_[big[0]] = 1.0 alias_[big[0]] = -1 if len(littles): little = littles.pop(0) alias_probs_[little[0]] = 1.0 alias_[little[0]] = -1 def _init_by_numpy_array(numpy_array): ret = self.create_parameter( attr=ParamAttr(), shape=numpy_array.shape, dtype=numpy_array.dtype, default_initializer=NumpyArrayInitializer(numpy_array)) ret.stop_gradient = True return ret self._inputs['CustomDistProbs'] = _init_by_numpy_array( np.array(custom_dist).astype('float32')) self._inputs['CustomDistAlias'] = _init_by_numpy_array( np.array(alias_).astype('int32')) self._inputs['CustomDistAliasProbs'] = _init_by_numpy_array( np.array(alias_probs_).astype('float32')) sampler = 2 else: raise Exception("Unsupported sampler type.") if num_neg_samples is None: num_neg_samples = 10 else: num_neg_samples = int(num_neg_samples) self._num_neg_samples = num_neg_samples remote_prefetch = is_sparse print( "With sparse mode, if your models has only small parameter prefetch may cause speed down" ) self._attrs = { 'num_total_classes': int(num_total_classes), 'num_neg_samples': num_neg_samples, 'seed': seed, 'sampler': sampler, 'is_sparse': is_sparse, 'remote_prefetch': remote_prefetch } def _build_once(self, input, label, sample_weight=None): assert isinstance(input, Variable) assert isinstance(label, Variable) dim = input.shape[1] num_true_class = label.shape[1] self._w = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=[self._num_total_classes, dim], is_bias=False, dtype=input.dtype) if self._bias_attr: self._b = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_total_classes, 1], is_bias=True, dtype=input.dtype) self._inputs['Bias'] = self._b self._inputs['Weight'] = self._w @property def weight(self): return self._w @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._w = value @property def bias(self): return self._b @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._b = value def forward(self, input, label, sample_weight=None): assert isinstance(input, Variable) assert isinstance(label, Variable) self._inputs['Input'] = input self._inputs['Label'] = label self._inputs['SampleWeight'] = sample_weight if sample_weight is not None else [] cost = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=input.dtype) sample_logits = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=input.dtype) sample_labels = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=label.dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='nce', inputs=self._inputs, outputs={ 'Cost': cost, 'SampleLogits': sample_logits, 'SampleLabels': sample_labels }, attrs=self._attrs) return cost / (self._num_neg_samples + 1) class PRelu(layers.Layer): """ Equation: .. math:: y = \max(0, x) + \\alpha * \min(0, x) Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. mode (str): The mode for weight sharing. It supports all, channel and element. all: all elements share same weight channel:elements in a channel share same weight element:each element has a weight param_attr(ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for the learnable weight (alpha). Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. Returns: Variable: The output tensor with the same shape as input. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np inp_np = np.ones([5, 200, 100, 100]).astype('float32') with fluid.dygraph.guard(): mode = 'channel' prelu = fluid.PRelu( 'prelu', mode=mode, param_attr=fluid.ParamAttr(initializer=fluid.initializer.Constant(1.0))) dy_rlt = prelu(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(inp_np)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, mode, param_attr=None): super(PRelu, self).__init__(name_scope) self._mode = mode self._param_attr = param_attr if self._mode not in ['all', 'channel', 'element']: raise ValueError('mode should be one of all, channel, element.') self._alpha_shape = [1] def _build_once(self, input): if self._mode == 'channel': self._alpha_shape = [1, input.shape[1], 1, 1] elif self._mode == 'element': self._alpha_shape = input.shape self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) self._alpha = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=self._alpha_shape, dtype='float32', is_bias=False, default_initializer=Constant(1.0)) @property def weight(self): return self._alpha @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._alpha = value def forward(self, input): out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="prelu", inputs={"X": input, 'Alpha': self._alpha}, attrs={"mode": self._mode}, outputs={"Out": out}) return out class BilinearTensorProduct(layers.Layer): """ **Add Bilinear Tensor Product Layer** This layer performs bilinear tensor product on two inputs. For example: .. math:: out_{i} = x * W_{i} * {y^\mathrm{T}}, i=0,1,...,size-1 In this formula: - :math:`x`: the first input contains M elements, shape is [batch_size, M]. - :math:`y`: the second input contains N elements, shape is [batch_size, N]. - :math:`W_{i}`: the i-th learned weight, shape is [M, N] - :math:`out_{i}`: the i-th element of out, shape is [batch_size, size]. - :math:`y^\mathrm{T}`: the transpose of :math:`y_{2}`. Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. size (int): The dimension of this layer. act (str): Activation to be applied to the output of this layer. Default: None. name (str): The name of this layer. Default: None. param_attr (ParamAttr): The parameter attribute for the learnable w. parameters/weights of this layer. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr): The parameter attribute for the bias of this layer. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: Variable: A 2-D Tensor of shape [batch_size, size]. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): layer1 = numpy.random.random((5, 5)).astype('float32') layer2 = numpy.random.random((5, 4)).astype('float32') bilinearTensorProduct = fluid.dygraph.nn.BilinearTensorProduct( 'BilinearTensorProduct', size=1000) ret = bilinearTensorProduct(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(layer1), fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(layer2)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, size, name=None, act=None, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None): super(BilinearTensorProduct, self).__init__(name_scope) self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._act = act self._size = size self._name = name self._inputs = dict() def _build_once(self, x, y): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(x) param_shape = [self._size, x.shape[1], y.shape[1]] self._w = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=False) bias_size = [1, self._size] self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=bias_size, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) @property def weight(self): return self._w @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._w = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias_param @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias_param = value def forward(self, x, y): self._inputs = {"X": x, "Y": y, "Weight": self._w} if self._bias_param: self._inputs["Bias"] = self._bias_param if self._name is not None: out = self._helper.create_variable( name=".".join([self.full_name(), self._name]), dtype=self._dtype, persistable=False) else: out = self._helper.create_variable( dtype=self._dtype, persistable=False) self._helper.append_op( type="bilinear_tensor_product", inputs=self._inputs, outputs={"Out": out}) # add activation return self._helper.append_activation(out, act=self._act) class Conv2DTranspose(layers.Layer): """ **Convlution2D transpose layer** The convolution2D transpose layer calculates the output based on the input, filter, and dilations, strides, paddings. Input(Input) and output(Output) are in NCHW format. Where N is batch size, C is the number of channels, H is the height of the feature, and W is the width of the feature. Parameters(dilations, strides, paddings) are two elements. These two elements represent height and width, respectively. The details of convolution transpose layer, please refer to the following explanation and references `therein `_. If bias attribution and activation type are provided, bias is added to the output of the convolution, and the corresponding activation function is applied to the final result. For each input :math:`X`, the equation is: .. math:: Out = \sigma (W \\ast X + b) Where: * :math:`X`: Input value, a tensor with NCHW format. * :math:`W`: Filter value, a tensor with MCHW format. * :math:`\\ast`: Convolution operation. * :math:`b`: Bias value, a 2-D tensor with shape [M, 1]. * :math:`\\sigma`: Activation function. * :math:`Out`: Output value, the shape of :math:`Out` and :math:`X` may be different. Example: - Input: Input shape: :math:`(N, C_{in}, H_{in}, W_{in})` Filter shape: :math:`(C_{in}, C_{out}, H_f, W_f)` - Output: Output shape: :math:`(N, C_{out}, H_{out}, W_{out})` Where .. math:: H^\prime_{out} &= (H_{in} - 1) * strides[0] - 2 * paddings[0] + dilations[0] * (H_f - 1) + 1 \\\\ W^\prime_{out} &= (W_{in} - 1) * strides[1] - 2 * paddings[1] + dilations[1] * (W_f - 1) + 1 \\\\ H_{out} &\in [ H^\prime_{out}, H^\prime_{out} + strides[0] ) \\\\ W_{out} &\in [ W^\prime_{out}, W^\prime_{out} + strides[1] ) Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. num_filters(int): The number of the filter. It is as same as the output image channel. output_size(int|tuple|None): The output image size. If output size is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (image_H, image_W). None if use filter_size, padding, and stride to calculate output_size. if output_size and filter_size are specified at the same time, They should follow the formula above. Default: None. filter_size(int|tuple|None): The filter size. If filter_size is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (filter_size_H, filter_size_W). Otherwise, the filter will be a square. None if use output size to calculate filter_size. Default: None. padding(int|tuple): The padding size. If padding is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (padding_H, padding_W). Otherwise, the padding_H = padding_W = padding. Default: padding = 0. stride(int|tuple): The stride size. If stride is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (stride_H, stride_W). Otherwise, the stride_H = stride_W = stride. Default: stride = 1. dilation(int|tuple): The dilation size. If dilation is a tuple, it must contain two integers, (dilation_H, dilation_W). Otherwise, the dilation_H = dilation_W = dilation. Default: dilation = 1. groups(int): The groups number of the Conv2d transpose layer. Inspired by grouped convolution in Alex Krizhevsky's Deep CNN paper, in which when group=2, the first half of the filters is only connected to the first half of the input channels, while the second half of the filters is only connected to the second half of the input channels. Default: groups = 1. param_attr (ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of conv2d_transpose. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv2d_transpose will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with Xavier. Default: None. bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of conv2d_transpose. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, conv2d_transpose will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. use_cudnn(bool): Use cudnn kernel or not, it is valid only when the cudnn library is installed. Default: True. act (str): Activation type, if it is set to None, activation is not appended. Default: None. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of filters of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: Variable: The tensor variable storing the convolution transpose result. Raises: ValueError: If the shapes of input, filter_size, stride, padding and groups mismatch. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): data = numpy.random.random((3, 32, 32)).astype('float32') conv2DTranspose = fluid.dygraph.nn.Conv2DTranspose( 'Conv2DTranspose', num_filters=2, filter_size=3) ret = conv2DTranspose(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(data)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_filters, output_size=None, filter_size=None, padding=0, stride=1, dilation=1, groups=None, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, use_cudnn=True, act=None): super(Conv2DTranspose, self).__init__(name_scope) assert param_attr is not False, "param_attr should not be False in conv2d_transpose." self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._act = act self._groups = groups self._num_filters = num_filters self._use_cudnn = use_cudnn self._padding = padding self._stride = stride self._dilation = dilation self._filter_size = filter_size self._output_size = output_size self._op_type = 'conv2d_transpose' def _build_once(self, input): input_channel = input.shape[1] if (input_channel == self._groups and self._num_filters == input_channel and not self._use_cudnn): self._op_type = 'depthwise_conv2d_transpose' if not isinstance(input, Variable): raise TypeError("Input of conv2d_transpose must be Variable") self._padding = utils.convert_to_list(self._padding, 2, 'padding') self._stride = utils.convert_to_list(self._stride, 2, 'stride') self._dilation = utils.convert_to_list(self._dilation, 2, 'dilation') if not isinstance(self._use_cudnn, bool): raise ValueError("use_cudnn should be True or False") if self._filter_size is None: if self._output_size is None: raise ValueError( "output_size must be set when filter_size is None") if isinstance(self._output_size, int): self._output_size = [self._output_size, self._output_size] h_in = input.shape[2] w_in = input.shape[3] filter_size_h = (self._output_size[0] - (h_in - 1) * self._stride[0] + 2 * self._padding[0] - 1) // self._dilation[0] + 1 filter_size_w = (self._output_size[1] - (w_in - 1) * self._stride[1] + 2 * self._padding[1] - 1) // self._dilation[1] + 1 self._filter_size = [filter_size_h, filter_size_w] else: self._filter_size = utils.convert_to_list( self._filter_size, 2, 'conv2d_transpose.filter_size') if self._output_size is None: self._output_size = [] elif isinstance(self._output_size, list) or isinstance( self._output_size, int): self._output_size = utils.convert_to_list(self._output_size, 2, 'output_size') else: raise ValueError("output_size should be list or int") self._padding = utils.convert_to_list(self._padding, 2, 'padding') self._groups = 1 if self._groups is None else self._groups filter_shape = [input_channel, self._num_filters // self._groups ] + self._filter_size self._img_filter = self.create_parameter( dtype=input.dtype, shape=filter_shape, attr=self._param_attr) self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_filters], dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) @property def weight(self): return self._img_filter @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self._img_filter = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias_param @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias_param = value def forward(self, input): pre_bias = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=input.dtype) self._helper.append_op( type=self._op_type, inputs={'Input': [input], 'Filter': [self._img_filter]}, outputs={'Output': pre_bias}, attrs={ 'output_size': self._output_size, 'strides': self._stride, 'paddings': self._padding, 'dilations': self._dilation, 'groups': self._groups, 'use_cudnn': self._use_cudnn }) if self._bias_param is not None: pre_act = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [pre_bias], 'Y': [self._bias_param]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_act]}, attrs={'axis': 1}) else: pre_act = pre_bias out = self._helper.append_activation(pre_act, act=self._act) return out class SequenceConv(layers.Layer): """ This function creates the op for sequence_conv, using the inputs and other convolutional configurations for the filters and stride as given in the input parameters to the function. Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. num_filters (int): number of filters. filter_size (int): the filter size (H and W). Default: 3. filter_stride (int): stride of the filter. Default: 1. padding (bool|None): if True, add paddings. Default: None bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool|None): The parameter attribute for the bias of sequence_conv. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, sequence_conv will create ParamAttr as bias_attr. If the Initializer of the bias_attr is not set, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. param_attr (ParamAttr|None): The parameter attribute for learnable parameters/weights of sequence_conv. If it is set to None or one attribute of ParamAttr, sequence_conv will create ParamAttr as param_attr. If the Initializer of the param_attr is not set, the parameter is initialized with Xavier. Default: None. act (str): Activation type, if it is set to None, activation is not appended. Default: None. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of filters of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: Variable: output of sequence_conv """ def __init__(self, name_scope, num_filters, filter_size=3, filter_stride=1, padding=None, bias_attr=None, param_attr=None, act=None): assert not in_dygraph_mode( ), "SequenceConv is not supported by dynamic graph mode yet!" super(SequenceConv, self).__init__(name_scope) self._num_filters = num_filters self._filter_size = filter_size self._filter_stride = filter_stride self._padding = padding self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._param_attr = param_attr self._act = act def _build_once(self, input): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) filter_shape = [self._filter_size * input.shape[1], self._num_filters] self._filter_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=filter_shape, dtype=self._dtype) self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_filters], dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) def forward(self, input): pre_bias = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='sequence_conv', inputs={ 'X': [input], 'Filter': [self._filter_param], }, outputs={"Out": pre_bias}, attrs={ 'contextStride': self._filter_stride, 'contextStart': -int(self._filter_size // 2), 'contextLength': self._filter_size }) if self._bias_param is not None: pre_act = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [pre_bias], 'Y': [self._bias_param]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_act]}, attrs={'axis': 1}) else: pre_act = pre_bias return self._helper.append_activation(pre_act, act=self._act) class RowConv(layers.Layer): """ ***Row-convolution operator*** The row convolution is called lookahead convolution. This operator was introduced in the following paper for DeepSpeech2: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dyogatam/papers/wang+etal.iclrworkshop2016.pdf The main motivation is that a bidirectional RNN, useful in DeepSpeech like speech models, learns representation for a sequence by performing a forward and a backward pass through the entire sequence. However, unlike unidirectional RNNs, bidirectional RNNs are challenging to deploy in an online and low-latency setting. The lookahead convolution incorporates information from future subsequences in a computationally efficient manner to improve unidirectional recurrent neural networks. The row convolution operator is different from the 1D sequence convolution, and is computed as follows: Given an input sequence X of length t and input dimension D, and a filter (W) of size context * D. More details about row_conv please refer to the design document https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/issues/2228#issuecomment-303903645 . Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. future_context_size (int): Future context size. Please note, the shape of convolution kernel is [future_context_size + 1, D]. param_attr (ParamAttr): Attributes of parameters, including name, initializer etc. Default: None. act (str): Non-linear activation to be applied to output variable. Default: None. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of this layer. Returns: the output(Out) is a LodTensor, which supports variable time-length input sequences. The underlying tensor in this LodTensor is a matrix with shape T x N, i.e., the same shape as X. Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = numpy.random.random((16)).astype('float32') rowConv = fluid.dygraph.nn.RowConv( 'RowConv', future_context_size=2) ret = rowConv(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(x)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, future_context_size, param_attr=None, act=None): assert not in_dygraph_mode( ), "RowConv is not supported by dynamic graph mode yet!" super(RowConv, self).__init__(name_scope) self._act = act self._param_attr = param_attr self._future_context_size = future_context_size def _build_once(self, input): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) filter_shape = [self._future_context_size + 1, input.shape[1]] self._filter_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=filter_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=False) def forward(self, input): out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='row_conv', inputs={'X': [input], 'Filter': [self._filter_param]}, outputs={'Out': [out]}) return self._helper.append_activation(out, act=self._act) class GroupNorm(layers.Layer): """ This interface is used to construct a callable object of the ``GroupNorm`` class. For more details, refer to code examples. It implements the function of the Group Normalization Layer. Refer to `Group Normalization `_ . Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. groups(int): The number of groups that divided from channels. epsilon(float, optional): The small value added to the variance to prevent division by zero. Default: 1e-05. param_attr(ParamAttr, optional): The parameter attribute for the learnable scale :math:`g`. If it is set to False, no scale will be added to the output units. If it is set to None, the bias is initialized one. Default: None. bias_attr(ParamAttr, optional): The parameter attribute for the learnable bias :math:`b`. If it is set to False, no bias will be added to the output units. If it is set to None, the bias is initialized zero. Default: None. act(str, optional): Activation to be applied to the output of group normalizaiton. Default: None. data_layout(str, optional): Specify the input data format. Only NCHW is supported. Default: NCHW. Returns: None Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = np.random.random((8, 32, 32)).astype('float32') groupNorm = fluid.dygraph.nn.GroupNorm('GroupNorm', groups=4) ret = groupNorm(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(x)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, groups, epsilon=1e-05, param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, act=None, data_layout='NCHW'): super(GroupNorm, self).__init__(name_scope) self._param_attr = param_attr self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._epsilon = epsilon self._groups = groups self._act = act if data_layout != 'NCHW': raise ValueError("unsupported data layout:" + data_layout) def _build_once(self, input): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(input) param_shape = [input.shape[1]] if self._bias_attr: self._bias = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) if self._param_attr: self._scale = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=param_shape, dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=Constant(1.0)) def forward(self, input): inputs = {'X': input} if self._bias_attr: inputs['Bias'] = self._bias if self._param_attr: inputs['Scale'] = self._scale # create output mean_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype, stop_gradient=True) variance_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype, stop_gradient=True) group_norm_out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="group_norm", inputs=inputs, outputs={ "Y": group_norm_out, "Mean": mean_out, "Variance": variance_out, }, attrs={"epsilon": self._epsilon, "groups": self._groups}) return self._helper.append_activation(group_norm_out, self._act) class SpectralNorm(layers.Layer): """ This interface is used to construct a callable object of the ``SpectralNorm`` class. For more details, refer to code examples. It implements the function of the Spectral Normalization Layer. This layer calculates the spectral normalization value of weight parameters of fc, conv1d, conv2d, conv3d layers which should be 2-D, 3-D, 4-D, 5-D Parameters. Calculations are showed as follows. Step 1: Generate vector U in shape of [H], and V in shape of [W]. While H is the :attr:`dim` th dimension of the input weights, and W is the product result of remaining dimensions. Step 2: :attr:`power_iters` shoule be a positive interger, do following calculations with U and V for :attr:`power_iters` rounds. .. math:: \mathbf{v} := \\frac{\mathbf{W}^{T} \mathbf{u}}{\|\mathbf{W}^{T} \mathbf{u}\|_2} \mathbf{u} := \\frac{\mathbf{W}^{T} \mathbf{v}}{\|\mathbf{W}^{T} \mathbf{v}\|_2} Step 3: Calculate :math:`\sigma(\mathbf{W})` and normalize weight values. .. math:: \sigma(\mathbf{W}) = \mathbf{u}^{T} \mathbf{W} \mathbf{v} \mathbf{W} = \\frac{\mathbf{W}}{\sigma(\mathbf{W})} Refer to `Spectral Normalization `_ . Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. dim(int, optional): The index of dimension which should be permuted to the first before reshaping Input(Weight) to matrix, it should be set as 0 if Input(Weight) is the weight of fc layer, and should be set as 1 if Input(Weight) is the weight of conv layer. Default: 0. power_iters(int, optional): The number of power iterations to calculate spectral norm. Default: 1. eps(float, optional): The epsilon for numerical stability in calculating norms. Default: 1e-12. name (str, optional): The default value is None. Normally there is no need for user to set this property. For more information, please refer to :ref:`api_guide_Name` . Returns: None Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = np.random.random((2, 8, 32, 32)).astype('float32') spectralNorm = fluid.dygraph.nn.SpectralNorm('SpectralNorm', dim=1, power_iters=2) ret = spectralNorm(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(x)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, dim=0, power_iters=1, eps=1e-12, name=None): super(SpectralNorm, self).__init__(name_scope) self._power_iters = power_iters self._eps = eps self._dim = dim def _build_once(self, weight): self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(weight) input_shape = weight.shape h = input_shape[self._dim] w = np.prod(input_shape) // h self.u = self.create_parameter( attr=ParamAttr(), shape=[h], dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=Normal(0., 1.)) self.u.stop_gradient = True self.v = self.create_parameter( attr=ParamAttr(), shape=[w], dtype=self._dtype, default_initializer=Normal(0., 1.)) self.v.stop_gradient = True def forward(self, weight): inputs = {'Weight': weight, 'U': self.u, 'V': self.v} out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference(self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type="spectral_norm", inputs=inputs, outputs={"Out": out, }, attrs={ "dim": self._dim, "power_iters": self._power_iters, "eps": self._eps, }) return out class TreeConv(layers.Layer): """ ***Tree-Based Convolution Operator*** Tree-Based Convolution is a kind of convolution based on tree structure. Tree-Based Convolution is a part of Tree-Based Convolution Neural Network(TBCNN), which is used to classify tree structures, such as Abstract Syntax Tree. Tree-Based Convolution proposed a kind of data structure called continuous binary tree, which regards multiway tree as binary tree. The paper of Tree-Based Convolution Operator is here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.5718v1 Parameters: name_scope(str): The name of this class. output_size(int): output feature width num_filters(int): number of filters, Default: 1. max_depth(int): max depth of filters, Default: 2. act(str): activation function, Default: tanh. param_attr(ParamAttr): the parameter attribute for the filters, Default: None. bias_attr(ParamAttr): the parameter attribute for the bias of this layer, Default: None. name(str): a name of this layer(optional). If set None, the layer will be named automatically, Default: None. Attributes: weight (Parameter): the learnable weights of filters of this layer. bias (Parameter|None): the learnable bias of this layer. Returns: out(Variable): (Tensor) The feature vector of subtrees. The shape of the output tensor is [max_tree_node_size, output_size, num_filters]. The output tensor could be a new feature vector for next tree convolution layers Examples: .. code-block:: python import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy with fluid.dygraph.guard(): nodes_vector = numpy.random.random((1, 10, 5)).astype('float32') edge_set = numpy.random.random((1, 9, 2)).astype('int32') treeConv = fluid.dygraph.nn.TreeConv( 'TreeConv', output_size=6, num_filters=1, max_depth=2) ret = treeConv(fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(nodes_vector), fluid.dygraph.base.to_variable(edge_set)) """ def __init__(self, name_scope, output_size, num_filters=1, max_depth=2, act='tanh', param_attr=None, bias_attr=None, name=None): super(TreeConv, self).__init__(name_scope) self._name = name self._output_size = output_size self._act = act self._max_depth = max_depth self._num_filters = num_filters self._bias_attr = bias_attr self._param_attr = param_attr def _build_once(self, nodes_vector, edge_set): assert isinstance(nodes_vector, Variable) assert isinstance(edge_set, Variable) self._dtype = self._helper.input_dtype(nodes_vector) feature_size = nodes_vector.shape[2] w_shape = [feature_size, 3, self._output_size, self._num_filters] if self._bias_attr: self._bias_param = self.create_parameter( attr=self._bias_attr, shape=[self._num_filters], dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=True) self.W = self.create_parameter( attr=self._param_attr, shape=w_shape, dtype=self._dtype, is_bias=False) @property def weight(self): return self.W @weight.setter def weight(self, value): self.W = value @property def bias(self): return self._bias_param @bias.setter def bias(self, value): self._bias_param = value def forward(self, nodes_vector, edge_set): if self._name: out = self.create_variable( name=self._name, dtype=self._dtype, persistable=False) else: out = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='tree_conv', inputs={ 'NodesVector': nodes_vector, 'EdgeSet': edge_set, 'Filter': self.W }, outputs={'Out': out, }, attrs={'max_depth': self._max_depth}) if self._bias_attr: pre_activation = self._helper.create_variable_for_type_inference( dtype=self._dtype) self._helper.append_op( type='elementwise_add', inputs={'X': [out], 'Y': [self._bias_param]}, outputs={'Out': [pre_activation]}, attrs={'axis': 1}) else: pre_activation = out return self._helper.append_activation(pre_activation, act=self._act)