* add fp16 backward support
test=develop

* add sum_op fp16 test

* disable test_dist_save_load
test=develop

* add check_grad for sum

* add unit test for softmax_grad fp16
test=develop

* add scale_op unit test

* add mul_grad_op unit test for fp16

* add cross_entropy_grad and eman_grad unit test for fp16
test=develop

* fix cross_entropy unit test

* add pool2d fp16 unit test

* refine conv2d fp16 unit test
test=develop

* refine activation unit test
test=develop

* fix ci
test=develop

* follow zhihong's comment, copy from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/pull/12796
test=develop

* Add Preface

* Add demo code

* Save file

* Refine code

* seems can work

* use elementwise strategy

* Use ElementwiseComputeEx

* Add comments

* extract functions from operator

* Refine code

* Follow comment

* code refine

* add op_fuse  pass

* add backward

* code refine

* use TopologySortOperations

* follow comments

* refine IsFusible

* code enhance

* fix op_fusion_pass

* refine code

* refine fuse_elemwise_act_op

* adjust the input and output

* refine logic

* add intermediate_edge

* disable inplace

* follow comments

* refine logic

* follow comments

* Remove the removable IntermediateOut

* change strategy

* code refine

* enable fuse backward

* code refine

* code refine

* rename unit test

* follow comments

* Enhance the function of fused_elementwise_activation_op

* enhance unit test

* Clean Code And Add Doc

* Add compound functors

* Fix doc and enhance unit test

* define Dx and Dy for d_binary_func

* add mul_scale

* add mul_scale

* add elementwise_mul

* code refine

* code refine

* add doc

* add  AsIntermediate

This reverts commit bf3c3496.

* "cherry picked operators changes"

* "remove duplicated code"

* "add constant setter"

* "add get expected kernel"

* "fix ci"

* "add fill constant"

* "add gradient register"

* "make some enhance"

* "better format"

* "fix typo"

* "fix reuse"

* "fix get expected kernel"

* "change the mkldnn code"

* "fix mkldnn"

* "fix mkldnn failed test"

* "add comment"

* fix __shfl_down_sync_ of cross_entropy

* use reduceSum

* "fix ci"

* "re-commit "

* "picked up"

* "fix ci"

* "fix pdb hang up issue in cuda 9"

* add cuda_device_functions.h

* move reduceSum to elementwise_op_function.h

When the second argument contains batch dimension, the axis should be 0.

Also makes elementwise ops more tolerant at handling tensors with trailing
singular dimensions.

* Speed up elemwise grad

* Fix bug

* Add macro for MAX_BLOCK_DIM

And some minor fixes on comments.

There are mainly following fixes:

- take `DeviceContext` as the template parameter of math functors and OpKernel instead of `Place`
- remove `eigen_device` interface in base class  `DeviceContext`
- remove `GetEigenDevice` interface in `ExecutionContext` and base class `DeviceContext`
- remove unused `platform::EigenDeviceConverter`
- rename `REGISTER_OP_GPU_KERNEL` to `REGISTER_OP_CUDA_KERNEL`
- rename `USE_GPU_ONLY_OP` to `USE_CUDA_ONLY_OP`