diff --git a/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.cc b/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.cc
index aeb95569b728f53b288a0c9a28220be8b5f7aaa4..2fdaaaf05c5a1428a25946452c97b3f6e2849f2f 100644
--- a/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.cc
+++ b/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.cc
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ void SegmentInputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
                    "input link [%s] is not in scope.",
                    inlinks[i].external);
     Tensor* input = input_var->GetMutable<Tensor>();
-    DDim dims = input->dims();
+    framework::DDim dims = input->dims();
     PADDLE_ENFORCE(static_cast<size_t>(dims[0]) == seq_len,
                    "all the inlinks must have same length");
-    DDim step_dims = slice_ddim(dims, 1, dims.size());
+    framework::DDim step_dims = slice_ddim(dims, 1, dims.size());
     for (size_t j = 0; j < seq_len; j++) {
       Tensor* step_input =
           step_scopes[j]->NewVar(inlinks[i].internal)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ void ConcatOutputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
                    outlinks[i].external);
     Tensor* output = output_var->GetMutable<Tensor>();
     if (infer_shape_mode) {
-      DDim step_dims = step_scopes[0]
-                           ->FindVar(outlinks[i].internal)
-                           ->GetMutable<Tensor>()
-                           ->dims();
+      framework::DDim step_dims = step_scopes[0]
+                                      ->FindVar(outlinks[i].internal)
+                                      ->GetMutable<Tensor>()
+                                      ->dims();
       std::vector<int> dims_vec = vectorize(step_dims);
       dims_vec.insert(dims_vec.begin(), seq_len);
-      output->Resize(make_ddim(dims_vec));
+      output->Resize(framework::make_ddim(dims_vec));
     } else {
       output->mutable_data<float>(platform::CPUPlace());
       for (size_t j = 0; j < seq_len; j++) {
diff --git a/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.h b/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.h
index f859dc333d20ecf04fcb080e459391c8a0122bb1..c5931773d1d601c4f85b35a031c00de5008a28f8 100644
--- a/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.h
+++ b/paddle/operators/recurrent_op.h
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ struct ArgumentName {
 /**
  * Prepare inputs for each step net.
  */
-void SegmentInputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
+void SegmentInputs(const std::vector<framework::Scope*>& step_scopes,
                    const std::vector<Link>& inlinks,
                    const size_t seq_len,
                    bool infer_shape_mode);
@@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ void SegmentInputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
 /**
  * Process outputs of step nets and merge to variables.
  */
-void ConcatOutputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
+void ConcatOutputs(const std::vector<framework::Scope*>& step_scopes,
                    const std::vector<Link>& outlinks,
                    const size_t seq_len,
                    bool infer_shape_mode);
 
-void LinkMemories(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
+void LinkMemories(const std::vector<framework::Scope*>& step_scopes,
                   const std::vector<MemoryAttr>& memories,
                   const size_t step_id,
                   const int offset,
@@ -101,14 +101,15 @@ void InitArgument(const ArgumentName& name, Argument* arg);
 
 class RecurrentAlgorithm {
 public:
-  void Run(const Scope& scope, const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const;
+  void Run(const framework::Scope& scope,
+           const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const;
 
   void Init(std::unique_ptr<rnn::Argument> arg) { arg_ = std::move(arg); }
 
   /**
    * InferShape must be called before Run.
    */
-  void InferShape(const Scope& scope) const;
+  void InferShape(const framework::Scope& scope) const;
 
 protected:
   /*
@@ -117,13 +118,15 @@ protected:
    * NOTE the scopes are reused in both the forward and backward, so just
    * create once and expand its size if more steps need.
    */
-  void CreateScopes(const Scope& scope) const;
+  void CreateScopes(const framework::Scope& scope) const;
 
-  const std::vector<Scope*>& GetStepScopes(const Scope& scope) const {
-    return *scope.FindVar(arg_->step_scopes)->GetMutable<std::vector<Scope*>>();
+  const std::vector<framework::Scope*>& GetStepScopes(
+      const framework::Scope& scope) const {
+    return *scope.FindVar(arg_->step_scopes)
+                ->GetMutable<std::vector<framework::Scope*>>();
   }
 
-  void InitMemories(Scope* step_scopes, bool infer_shape_mode) const;
+  void InitMemories(framework::Scope* step_scopes, bool infer_shape_mode) const;
 
 private:
   std::unique_ptr<rnn::Argument> arg_;
@@ -144,18 +147,22 @@ class RecurrentGradientAlgorithm {
 public:
   void Init(std::unique_ptr<rnn::Argument> arg) { arg_ = std::move(arg); }
 
-  void Run(const Scope& scope, const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const;
+  void Run(const framework::Scope& scope,
+           const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const;
 
-  void LinkBootMemoryGradients(Scope* step_scopes, bool infer_shape_mode) const;
+  void LinkBootMemoryGradients(framework::Scope* step_scopes,
+                               bool infer_shape_mode) const;
 
   /**
    * InferShape must be called before Run.
    */
-  void InferShape(const Scope& scope) const;
+  void InferShape(const framework::Scope& scope) const;
 
 protected:
-  inline const std::vector<Scope*>& GetStepScopes(const Scope& scope) const {
-    return *scope.FindVar(arg_->step_scopes)->GetMutable<std::vector<Scope*>>();
+  inline const std::vector<framework::Scope*>& GetStepScopes(
+      const framework::Scope& scope) const {
+    return *scope.FindVar(arg_->step_scopes)
+                ->GetMutable<std::vector<framework::Scope*>>();
   }
 
 private:
@@ -163,16 +170,18 @@ private:
   mutable size_t seq_len_;
 };
 
-class RecurrentOp final : public OperatorBase {
+class RecurrentOp final : public framework::OperatorBase {
 public:
   void Init() override;
 
   /**
    * InferShape must be called before Run.
    */
-  void InferShape(const Scope& scope) const override { alg_.InferShape(scope); }
+  void InferShape(const framework::Scope& scope) const override {
+    alg_.InferShape(scope);
+  }
 
-  void Run(const Scope& scope,
+  void Run(const framework::Scope& scope,
            const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const override {
     alg_.Run(scope, dev_ctx);
   }
@@ -183,16 +192,18 @@ private:
   RecurrentAlgorithm alg_;
 };
 
-class RecurrentGradientOp final : public OperatorBase {
+class RecurrentGradientOp final : public framework::OperatorBase {
 public:
   void Init() override;
 
   /**
    * InferShape must be called before Run.
    */
-  void InferShape(const Scope& scope) const override { alg_.InferShape(scope); }
+  void InferShape(const framework::Scope& scope) const override {
+    alg_.InferShape(scope);
+  }
 
-  void Run(const Scope& scope,
+  void Run(const framework::Scope& scope,
            const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const override {
     alg_.Run(scope, dev_ctx);
   }
diff --git a/paddle/operators/recurrent_op_test.cc b/paddle/operators/recurrent_op_test.cc
index 08a6d9fe5681fdea180de2e9361734ade8564775..f450167c83e84c7f38dd5bc1a8debfc895f8ff00 100644
--- a/paddle/operators/recurrent_op_test.cc
+++ b/paddle/operators/recurrent_op_test.cc
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <glog/logging.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+#include "paddle/framework/ddim.h"
 #include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
 #include "paddle/framework/operator.h"
 #include "paddle/framework/tensor.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,9 @@
 namespace paddle {
 namespace operators {
 
+using framework::make_ddim;
+using framework::DDim;
+
 class RecurrentOpTest : public ::testing::Test {
 protected:
   virtual void SetUp() override {
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ protected:
   }
 
   void CreateRNNOp() {
-    OpDesc op_desc;
+    framework::OpDesc op_desc;
 
     op_desc.set_type("recurrent_op");
     // inlinks 0