Merge branch 'develop' of https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle into develop

.gitmodules

+[submodule "book"]
+	path = book
+	url = https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/book.git

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
     sha: c25201a00e6b0514370501050cf2a8538ac12270
     hooks:
     -   id: remove-crlf
-        files: (?!.*third_party)^.*$
+        files: (?!.*third_party)^.*$ | (?!.*book)^.*$
 -   repo: https://github.com/reyoung/mirrors-yapf.git
     sha: v0.13.2
     hooks:
     - id: yapf
-      files: (.*\.(py|bzl)|BUILD|.*\.BUILD|WORKSPACE)$  # Bazel BUILD files follow Python syntax.
+      files: (.*\.(py|bzl)|BUILD|.*\.BUILD|WORKSPACE)$
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     sha: 7539d8bd1a00a3c1bfd34cdb606d3a6372e83469
     hooks:
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
     -   id: check-merge-conflict
     -   id: check-symlinks
     -   id: detect-private-key
-        files: (?!.*third_party)^.*$
+        files: (?!.*third_party)^.*$ | (?!.*book)^.*$
     -   id: end-of-file-fixer
 -   repo: https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/clang-format-pre-commit-hook.git
     sha: 28c0ea8a67a3e2dbbf4822ef44e85b63a0080a29

authors

@@ -29,13 +29,16 @@ Luo, Tao
 Lyu, Qin
 Mao, Hongyue
 Qian, Xiaojun
+Qiao, Longfei
 Qi, Jun
 Qin, Duohao
 Shen, Guolong
 Shi, Guangchuan
 Song, Xiang
+Wang, Helin
 Wang, Jiang
 Wang, Yanfei
+Wang, Yi
 Wang, Yong
 Weng, Renliang
 Xu, Tianbing

book @ 22ed2a01

+Subproject commit 22ed2a01aee872f055b5f5f212428f481cefc10d

cmake/external/protobuf.cmake

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 INCLUDE(ExternalProject)
 
-FIND_PACKAGE(Protobuf)
+FIND_PACKAGE(Protobuf 3.1)
 
 IF(NOT PROTOBUF_FOUND)
     SET(PROTOBUF_SOURCES_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/protobuf)

demo/image_classification/api_v2_train.py

@@ -13,9 +13,10 @@
 # limitations under the License
 
 import sys
+
 import paddle.v2 as paddle
+
 from api_v2_vgg import vgg_bn_drop
-from api_v2_resnet import resnet_cifar10
 
 
 def main():
@@ -23,16 +24,16 @@ def main():
     classdim = 10
 
     # PaddlePaddle init
-    paddle.init(use_gpu=True, trainer_count=1)
+    paddle.init(use_gpu=False, trainer_count=1)
 
     image = paddle.layer.data(
         name="image", type=paddle.data_type.dense_vector(datadim))
 
     # Add neural network config
     # option 1. resnet
-    net = resnet_cifar10(image, depth=32)
+    # net = resnet_cifar10(image, depth=32)
     # option 2. vgg
-    # net = vgg_bn_drop(image)
+    net = vgg_bn_drop(image)
 
     out = paddle.layer.fc(input=net,
                           size=classdim,
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ def main():
             result = trainer.test(
                 reader=paddle.batch(
                     paddle.dataset.cifar.test10(), batch_size=128),
-                reader_dict={'image': 0,
+                feeding={'image': 0,
                          'label': 1})
             print "\nTest with Pass %d, %s" % (event.pass_id, result.metrics)
 
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ def main():
             batch_size=128),
         num_passes=5,
         event_handler=event_handler,
-        reader_dict={'image': 0,
+        feeding={'image': 0,
                  'label': 1})
 
 

demo/introduction/api_train_v2.py

@@ -30,25 +30,25 @@ def main():
     def event_handler(event):
         if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndIteration):
             if event.batch_id % 100 == 0:
-                print "Pass %d, Batch %d, Cost %f, %s" % (
-                    event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost, event.metrics)
+                print "Pass %d, Batch %d, Cost %f" % (
+                    event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost)
 
         if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndPass):
+            if (event.pass_id + 1) % 10 == 0:
                 result = trainer.test(
-                reader=paddle.reader.batched(
+                    reader=paddle.batch(
                         uci_housing.test(), batch_size=2),
-                reader_dict={'x': 0,
+                    feeding={'x': 0,
                              'y': 1})
-            if event.pass_id % 10 == 0:
-                print "Test %d, %s" % (event.pass_id, result.metrics)
+                print "Test %d, %.2f" % (event.pass_id, result.cost)
 
     # training
     trainer.train(
-        reader=paddle.reader.batched(
+        reader=paddle.batch(
             paddle.reader.shuffle(
                 uci_housing.train(), buf_size=500),
             batch_size=2),
-        reader_dict={'x': 0,
+        feeding={'x': 0,
                  'y': 1},
         event_handler=event_handler,
         num_passes=30)

demo/mnist/.gitignore

@@ -5,3 +5,6 @@ plot.png
 train.log
 *pyc
 .ipynb_checkpoints
+params.pkl
+params.tar
+params.tar.gz

demo/mnist/api_train_v2.py

 import paddle.v2 as paddle
+import gzip
 
 
 def softmax_regression(img):
@@ -71,6 +72,10 @@ def main():
 
     cost = paddle.layer.classification_cost(input=predict, label=label)
 
+    try:
+        with gzip.open('params.tar.gz', 'r') as f:
+            parameters = paddle.parameters.Parameters.from_tar(f)
+    except IOError:
         parameters = paddle.parameters.create(cost)
 
     optimizer = paddle.optimizer.Momentum(
@@ -86,11 +91,15 @@ def main():
 
     def event_handler(event):
         if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndIteration):
-            if event.batch_id % 100 == 0:
+            if event.batch_id % 1000 == 0:
                 print "Pass %d, Batch %d, Cost %f, %s" % (
                     event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost, event.metrics)
-        if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndPass):
-            result = trainer.test(reader=paddle.reader.batched(
+
+                with gzip.open('params.tar.gz', 'w') as f:
+                    parameters.to_tar(f)
+
+        elif isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndPass):
+            result = trainer.test(reader=paddle.batch(
                 paddle.dataset.mnist.test(), batch_size=128))
             print "Test with Pass %d, Cost %f, %s\n" % (
                 event.pass_id, result.cost, result.metrics)
@@ -110,17 +119,16 @@ def main():
     print 'Best pass is %s, testing Avgcost is %s' % (best[0], best[1])
     print 'The classification accuracy is %.2f%%' % (100 - float(best[2]) * 100)
 
+    test_creator = paddle.dataset.mnist.test()
+    test_data = []
+    for item in test_creator():
+        test_data.append(item[0])
+        if len(test_data) == 100:
+            break
+
     # output is a softmax layer. It returns probabilities.
     # Shape should be (100, 10)
-    probs = paddle.infer(
-        output=predict,
-        parameters=parameters,
-        reader=paddle.batch(
-            paddle.reader.firstn(
-                paddle.reader.map_readers(lambda item: (item[0], ),
-                                          paddle.dataset.mnist.test()),
-                n=100),
-            batch_size=32))
+    probs = paddle.infer(output=predict, parameters=parameters, input=test_data)
     print probs.shape
 
 

demo/recommendation/api_train_v2.py

+import paddle.v2 as paddle
+import cPickle
+import copy
+
+
+def main():
+    paddle.init(use_gpu=False)
+    movie_title_dict = paddle.dataset.movielens.get_movie_title_dict()
+    uid = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='user_id',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(
+            paddle.dataset.movielens.max_user_id() + 1))
+    usr_emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=uid, size=32)
+
+    usr_gender_id = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='gender_id', type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(2))
+    usr_gender_emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=usr_gender_id, size=16)
+
+    usr_age_id = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='age_id',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(
+            len(paddle.dataset.movielens.age_table)))
+    usr_age_emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=usr_age_id, size=16)
+
+    usr_job_id = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='job_id',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(paddle.dataset.movielens.max_job_id(
+        ) + 1))
+
+    usr_job_emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=usr_job_id, size=16)
+
+    usr_combined_features = paddle.layer.fc(
+        input=[usr_emb, usr_gender_emb, usr_age_emb, usr_job_emb],
+        size=200,
+        act=paddle.activation.Tanh())
+
+    mov_id = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='movie_id',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(
+            paddle.dataset.movielens.max_movie_id() + 1))
+    mov_emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=mov_id, size=32)
+
+    mov_categories = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='category_id',
+        type=paddle.data_type.sparse_binary_vector(
+            len(paddle.dataset.movielens.movie_categories())))
+
+    mov_categories_hidden = paddle.layer.fc(input=mov_categories, size=32)
+
+    mov_title_id = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='movie_title',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value_sequence(len(movie_title_dict)))
+    mov_title_emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=mov_title_id, size=32)
+    mov_title_conv = paddle.networks.sequence_conv_pool(
+        input=mov_title_emb, hidden_size=32, context_len=3)
+
+    mov_combined_features = paddle.layer.fc(
+        input=[mov_emb, mov_categories_hidden, mov_title_conv],
+        size=200,
+        act=paddle.activation.Tanh())
+
+    inference = paddle.layer.cos_sim(
+        a=usr_combined_features, b=mov_combined_features, size=1, scale=5)
+    cost = paddle.layer.regression_cost(
+        input=inference,
+        label=paddle.layer.data(
+            name='score', type=paddle.data_type.dense_vector(1)))
+
+    parameters = paddle.parameters.create(cost)
+
+    trainer = paddle.trainer.SGD(cost=cost,
+                                 parameters=parameters,
+                                 update_equation=paddle.optimizer.Adam(
+                                     learning_rate=1e-4))
+    feeding = {
+        'user_id': 0,
+        'gender_id': 1,
+        'age_id': 2,
+        'job_id': 3,
+        'movie_id': 4,
+        'category_id': 5,
+        'movie_title': 6,
+        'score': 7
+    }
+
+    def event_handler(event):
+        if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndIteration):
+            if event.batch_id % 100 == 0:
+                print "Pass %d Batch %d Cost %.2f" % (
+                    event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost)
+
+    trainer.train(
+        reader=paddle.batch(
+            paddle.reader.shuffle(
+                paddle.dataset.movielens.train(), buf_size=8192),
+            batch_size=256),
+        event_handler=event_handler,
+        feeding=feeding,
+        num_passes=1)
+
+    user_id = 234
+    movie_id = 345
+
+    user = paddle.dataset.movielens.user_info()[user_id]
+    movie = paddle.dataset.movielens.movie_info()[movie_id]
+
+    feature = user.value() + movie.value()
+
+    def reader():
+        yield feature
+
+    infer_dict = copy.copy(feeding)
+    del infer_dict['score']
+
+    prediction = paddle.infer(
+        output=inference,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        reader=paddle.batch(
+            reader, batch_size=32),
+        feeding=infer_dict)
+    print(prediction + 5) / 2
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

demo/semantic_role_labeling/api_train_v2.py

@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ def main():
                                  update_equation=optimizer)
     parameters.set('emb', load_parameter(conll05.get_embedding(), 44068, 32))
 
-    trn_reader = paddle.reader.batched(
+    trn_reader = paddle.batch(
         paddle.reader.shuffle(
             conll05.test(), buf_size=8192), batch_size=10)
 
-    reader_dict = {
+    feeding = {
         'word_data': 0,
         'ctx_n2_data': 1,
         'ctx_n1_data': 2,
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def main():
         reader=trn_reader,
         event_handler=event_handler,
         num_passes=10000,
-        reader_dict=reader_dict)
+        feeding=feeding)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':

demo/sentiment/train_v2.py

@@ -18,11 +18,7 @@ from paddle.trainer_config_helpers.poolings import MaxPooling
 import paddle.v2 as paddle
 
 
-def convolution_net(input_dim,
-                    class_dim=2,
-                    emb_dim=128,
-                    hid_dim=128,
-                    is_predict=False):
+def convolution_net(input_dim, class_dim=2, emb_dim=128, hid_dim=128):
     data = paddle.layer.data("word",
                              paddle.data_type.integer_value_sequence(input_dim))
     emb = paddle.layer.embedding(input=data, size=emb_dim)
@@ -42,8 +38,7 @@ def stacked_lstm_net(input_dim,
                      class_dim=2,
                      emb_dim=128,
                      hid_dim=512,
-                     stacked_num=3,
-                     is_predict=False):
+                     stacked_num=3):
     """
     A Wrapper for sentiment classification task.
     This network uses bi-directional recurrent network,
@@ -110,7 +105,7 @@ def stacked_lstm_net(input_dim,
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     # init
-    paddle.init(use_gpu=True, trainer_count=4)
+    paddle.init(use_gpu=False, trainer_count=4)
 
     # network config
     print 'load dictionary...'
@@ -143,10 +138,10 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
                 sys.stdout.flush()
         if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndPass):
             result = trainer.test(
-                reader=paddle.reader.batched(
+                reader=paddle.batch(
                     lambda: paddle.dataset.imdb.test(word_dict),
                     batch_size=128),
-                reader_dict={'word': 0,
+                feeding={'word': 0,
                          'label': 1})
             print "\nTest with Pass %d, %s" % (event.pass_id, result.metrics)
 
@@ -156,11 +151,11 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
                                  update_equation=adam_optimizer)
 
     trainer.train(
-        reader=paddle.reader.batched(
+        reader=paddle.batch(
             paddle.reader.shuffle(
                 lambda: paddle.dataset.imdb.train(word_dict), buf_size=1000),
             batch_size=100),
         event_handler=event_handler,
-        reader_dict={'word': 0,
+        feeding={'word': 0,
                  'label': 1},
         num_passes=10)

demo/seqToseq/api_train_v2.py

-import os
-
 import paddle.v2 as paddle
 
-from seqToseq_net_v2 import seqToseq_net_v2
-
-# Data Definiation.
-# TODO:This code should be merged to dataset package.
-data_dir = "./data/pre-wmt14"
-src_lang_dict = os.path.join(data_dir, 'src.dict')
-trg_lang_dict = os.path.join(data_dir, 'trg.dict')
-
-source_dict_dim = len(open(src_lang_dict, "r").readlines())
-target_dict_dim = len(open(trg_lang_dict, "r").readlines())
-
-
-def read_to_dict(dict_path):
-    with open(dict_path, "r") as fin:
-        out_dict = {
-            line.strip(): line_count
-            for line_count, line in enumerate(fin)
-        }
-    return out_dict
-
-
-src_dict = read_to_dict(src_lang_dict)
-trg_dict = read_to_dict(trg_lang_dict)
-
-train_list = os.path.join(data_dir, 'train.list')
-test_list = os.path.join(data_dir, 'test.list')
-
-UNK_IDX = 2
-START = "<s>"
-END = "<e>"
-
-
-def _get_ids(s, dictionary):
-    words = s.strip().split()
-    return [dictionary[START]] + \
-           [dictionary.get(w, UNK_IDX) for w in words] + \
-           [dictionary[END]]
-
-
-def train_reader(file_name):
-    def reader():
-        with open(file_name, 'r') as f:
-            for line_count, line in enumerate(f):
-                line_split = line.strip().split('\t')
-                if len(line_split) != 2:
-                    continue
-                src_seq = line_split[0]  # one source sequence
-                src_ids = _get_ids(src_seq, src_dict)
-
-                trg_seq = line_split[1]  # one target sequence
-                trg_words = trg_seq.split()
-                trg_ids = [trg_dict.get(w, UNK_IDX) for w in trg_words]
-
-                # remove sequence whose length > 80 in training mode
-                if len(src_ids) > 80 or len(trg_ids) > 80:
-                    continue
-                trg_ids_next = trg_ids + [trg_dict[END]]
-                trg_ids = [trg_dict[START]] + trg_ids
 
-                yield src_ids, trg_ids, trg_ids_next
-
-    return reader
+def seqToseq_net(source_dict_dim, target_dict_dim):
+    ### Network Architecture
+    word_vector_dim = 512  # dimension of word vector
+    decoder_size = 512  # dimension of hidden unit in GRU Decoder network
+    encoder_size = 512  # dimension of hidden unit in GRU Encoder network
+
+    #### Encoder
+    src_word_id = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='source_language_word',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value_sequence(source_dict_dim))
+    src_embedding = paddle.layer.embedding(
+        input=src_word_id,
+        size=word_vector_dim,
+        param_attr=paddle.attr.ParamAttr(name='_source_language_embedding'))
+    src_forward = paddle.networks.simple_gru(
+        input=src_embedding, size=encoder_size)
+    src_backward = paddle.networks.simple_gru(
+        input=src_embedding, size=encoder_size, reverse=True)
+    encoded_vector = paddle.layer.concat(input=[src_forward, src_backward])
+
+    #### Decoder
+    with paddle.layer.mixed(size=decoder_size) as encoded_proj:
+        encoded_proj += paddle.layer.full_matrix_projection(
+            input=encoded_vector)
+
+    backward_first = paddle.layer.first_seq(input=src_backward)
+
+    with paddle.layer.mixed(
+            size=decoder_size, act=paddle.activation.Tanh()) as decoder_boot:
+        decoder_boot += paddle.layer.full_matrix_projection(
+            input=backward_first)
+
+    def gru_decoder_with_attention(enc_vec, enc_proj, current_word):
+
+        decoder_mem = paddle.layer.memory(
+            name='gru_decoder', size=decoder_size, boot_layer=decoder_boot)
+
+        context = paddle.networks.simple_attention(
+            encoded_sequence=enc_vec,
+            encoded_proj=enc_proj,
+            decoder_state=decoder_mem)
+
+        with paddle.layer.mixed(size=decoder_size * 3) as decoder_inputs:
+            decoder_inputs += paddle.layer.full_matrix_projection(input=context)
+            decoder_inputs += paddle.layer.full_matrix_projection(
+                input=current_word)
+
+        gru_step = paddle.layer.gru_step(
+            name='gru_decoder',
+            input=decoder_inputs,
+            output_mem=decoder_mem,
+            size=decoder_size)
+
+        with paddle.layer.mixed(
+                size=target_dict_dim,
+                bias_attr=True,
+                act=paddle.activation.Softmax()) as out:
+            out += paddle.layer.full_matrix_projection(input=gru_step)
+        return out
+
+    decoder_group_name = "decoder_group"
+    group_input1 = paddle.layer.StaticInputV2(input=encoded_vector, is_seq=True)
+    group_input2 = paddle.layer.StaticInputV2(input=encoded_proj, is_seq=True)
+    group_inputs = [group_input1, group_input2]
+
+    trg_embedding = paddle.layer.embedding(
+        input=paddle.layer.data(
+            name='target_language_word',
+            type=paddle.data_type.integer_value_sequence(target_dict_dim)),
+        size=word_vector_dim,
+        param_attr=paddle.attr.ParamAttr(name='_target_language_embedding'))
+    group_inputs.append(trg_embedding)
+
+    # For decoder equipped with attention mechanism, in training,
+    # target embeding (the groudtruth) is the data input,
+    # while encoded source sequence is accessed to as an unbounded memory.
+    # Here, the StaticInput defines a read-only memory
+    # for the recurrent_group.
+    decoder = paddle.layer.recurrent_group(
+        name=decoder_group_name,
+        step=gru_decoder_with_attention,
+        input=group_inputs)
+
+    lbl = paddle.layer.data(
+        name='target_language_next_word',
+        type=paddle.data_type.integer_value_sequence(target_dict_dim))
+    cost = paddle.layer.classification_cost(input=decoder, label=lbl)
+
+    return cost
 
 
 def main():
     paddle.init(use_gpu=False, trainer_count=1)
 
+    # source and target dict dim.
+    dict_size = 30000
+    source_dict_dim = target_dict_dim = dict_size
+
     # define network topology
-    cost = seqToseq_net_v2(source_dict_dim, target_dict_dim)
+    cost = seqToseq_net(source_dict_dim, target_dict_dim)
     parameters = paddle.parameters.create(cost)
-    optimizer = paddle.optimizer.Adam(learning_rate=1e-4)
-
-    def event_handler(event):
-        if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndIteration):
-            if event.batch_id % 10 == 0:
-                print "Pass %d, Batch %d, Cost %f, %s" % (
-                    event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost, event.metrics)
 
+    # define optimize method and trainer
+    optimizer = paddle.optimizer.Adam(learning_rate=1e-4)
     trainer = paddle.trainer.SGD(cost=cost,
                                  parameters=parameters,
                                  update_equation=optimizer)
 
-    reader_dict = {
+    # define data reader
+    feeding = {
         'source_language_word': 0,
         'target_language_word': 1,
         'target_language_next_word': 2
     }
 
-    trn_reader = paddle.reader.batched(
+    wmt14_reader = paddle.batch(
         paddle.reader.shuffle(
-            train_reader("data/pre-wmt14/train/train"), buf_size=8192),
+            paddle.dataset.wmt14.train(dict_size=dict_size), buf_size=8192),
         batch_size=5)
 
+    # define event_handler callback
+    def event_handler(event):
+        if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndIteration):
+            if event.batch_id % 10 == 0:
+                print "Pass %d, Batch %d, Cost %f, %s" % (
+                    event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost, event.metrics)
+
+    # start to train
     trainer.train(
-        reader=trn_reader,
+        reader=wmt14_reader,
         event_handler=event_handler,
         num_passes=10000,
-        reader_dict=reader_dict)
+        feeding=feeding)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':

demo/seqToseq/seqToseq_net_v2.py

-import paddle.v2.activation as activation
-import paddle.v2.attr as attr
-import paddle.v2.data_type as data_type
-import paddle.v2.layer as layer
-import paddle.v2.networks as networks
-
-
-def seqToseq_net_v2(source_dict_dim, target_dict_dim):
-    ### Network Architecture
-    word_vector_dim = 512  # dimension of word vector
-    decoder_size = 512  # dimension of hidden unit in GRU Decoder network
-    encoder_size = 512  # dimension of hidden unit in GRU Encoder network
-
-    #### Encoder
-    src_word_id = layer.data(
-        name='source_language_word',
-        type=data_type.integer_value_sequence(source_dict_dim))
-    src_embedding = layer.embedding(
-        input=src_word_id,
-        size=word_vector_dim,
-        param_attr=attr.ParamAttr(name='_source_language_embedding'))
-    src_forward = networks.simple_gru(input=src_embedding, size=encoder_size)
-    src_backward = networks.simple_gru(
-        input=src_embedding, size=encoder_size, reverse=True)
-    encoded_vector = layer.concat(input=[src_forward, src_backward])
-
-    #### Decoder
-    with layer.mixed(size=decoder_size) as encoded_proj:
-        encoded_proj += layer.full_matrix_projection(input=encoded_vector)
-
-    backward_first = layer.first_seq(input=src_backward)
-
-    with layer.mixed(size=decoder_size, act=activation.Tanh()) as decoder_boot:
-        decoder_boot += layer.full_matrix_projection(input=backward_first)
-
-    def gru_decoder_with_attention(enc_vec, enc_proj, current_word):
-
-        decoder_mem = layer.memory(
-            name='gru_decoder', size=decoder_size, boot_layer=decoder_boot)
-
-        context = networks.simple_attention(
-            encoded_sequence=enc_vec,
-            encoded_proj=enc_proj,
-            decoder_state=decoder_mem)
-
-        with layer.mixed(size=decoder_size * 3) as decoder_inputs:
-            decoder_inputs += layer.full_matrix_projection(input=context)
-            decoder_inputs += layer.full_matrix_projection(input=current_word)
-
-        gru_step = layer.gru_step(
-            name='gru_decoder',
-            input=decoder_inputs,
-            output_mem=decoder_mem,
-            size=decoder_size)
-
-        with layer.mixed(
-                size=target_dict_dim, bias_attr=True,
-                act=activation.Softmax()) as out:
-            out += layer.full_matrix_projection(input=gru_step)
-        return out
-
-    decoder_group_name = "decoder_group"
-    group_input1 = layer.StaticInputV2(input=encoded_vector, is_seq=True)
-    group_input2 = layer.StaticInputV2(input=encoded_proj, is_seq=True)
-    group_inputs = [group_input1, group_input2]
-
-    trg_embedding = layer.embedding(
-        input=layer.data(
-            name='target_language_word',
-            type=data_type.integer_value_sequence(target_dict_dim)),
-        size=word_vector_dim,
-        param_attr=attr.ParamAttr(name='_target_language_embedding'))
-    group_inputs.append(trg_embedding)
-
-    # For decoder equipped with attention mechanism, in training,
-    # target embeding (the groudtruth) is the data input,
-    # while encoded source sequence is accessed to as an unbounded memory.
-    # Here, the StaticInput defines a read-only memory
-    # for the recurrent_group.
-    decoder = layer.recurrent_group(
-        name=decoder_group_name,
-        step=gru_decoder_with_attention,
-        input=group_inputs)
-
-    lbl = layer.data(
-        name='target_language_next_word',
-        type=data_type.integer_value_sequence(target_dict_dim))
-    cost = layer.classification_cost(input=decoder, label=lbl)
-
-    return cost

demo/word2vec/train_v2.py

+import math
+
+import paddle.v2 as paddle
+
+dictsize = 1953
+embsize = 32
+hiddensize = 256
+N = 5
+
+
+def wordemb(inlayer):
+    wordemb = paddle.layer.table_projection(
+        input=inlayer,
+        size=embsize,
+        param_attr=paddle.attr.Param(
+            name="_proj",
+            initial_std=0.001,
+            learning_rate=1,
+            l2_rate=0, ))
+    return wordemb
+
+
+def main():
+    paddle.init(use_gpu=False, trainer_count=1)
+    word_dict = paddle.dataset.imikolov.build_dict()
+    dict_size = len(word_dict)
+    firstword = paddle.layer.data(
+        name="firstw", type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(dict_size))
+    secondword = paddle.layer.data(
+        name="secondw", type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(dict_size))
+    thirdword = paddle.layer.data(
+        name="thirdw", type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(dict_size))
+    fourthword = paddle.layer.data(
+        name="fourthw", type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(dict_size))
+    nextword = paddle.layer.data(
+        name="fifthw", type=paddle.data_type.integer_value(dict_size))
+
+    Efirst = wordemb(firstword)
+    Esecond = wordemb(secondword)
+    Ethird = wordemb(thirdword)
+    Efourth = wordemb(fourthword)
+
+    contextemb = paddle.layer.concat(input=[Efirst, Esecond, Ethird, Efourth])
+    hidden1 = paddle.layer.fc(input=contextemb,
+                              size=hiddensize,
+                              act=paddle.activation.Sigmoid(),
+                              layer_attr=paddle.attr.Extra(drop_rate=0.5),
+                              bias_attr=paddle.attr.Param(learning_rate=2),
+                              param_attr=paddle.attr.Param(
+                                  initial_std=1. / math.sqrt(embsize * 8),
+                                  learning_rate=1))
+    predictword = paddle.layer.fc(input=hidden1,
+                                  size=dict_size,
+                                  bias_attr=paddle.attr.Param(learning_rate=2),
+                                  act=paddle.activation.Softmax())
+
+    def event_handler(event):
+        if isinstance(event, paddle.event.EndIteration):
+            if event.batch_id % 100 == 0:
+                result = trainer.test(
+                    paddle.batch(
+                        paddle.dataset.imikolov.test(word_dict, N), 32))
+                print "Pass %d, Batch %d, Cost %f, %s, Testing metrics %s" % (
+                    event.pass_id, event.batch_id, event.cost, event.metrics,
+                    result.metrics)
+
+    cost = paddle.layer.classification_cost(input=predictword, label=nextword)
+    parameters = paddle.parameters.create(cost)
+    adam_optimizer = paddle.optimizer.Adam(
+        learning_rate=3e-3,
+        regularization=paddle.optimizer.L2Regularization(8e-4))
+    trainer = paddle.trainer.SGD(cost, parameters, adam_optimizer)
+    trainer.train(
+        paddle.batch(paddle.dataset.imikolov.train(word_dict, N), 32),
+        num_passes=30,
+        event_handler=event_handler)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

doc/api/index_cn.rst

 API
 ===
+
+模型配置 API
+------------
+
+..  toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 1
+
+    v2/model_configs.rst
+
+数据 API
+--------
+
+..  toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 1
+
+    v2/data.rst
+
+训练 API
+--------
+
+..	toctree::
+	:maxdepth: 1
+
+	v2/run_logic.rst
\ No newline at end of file

doc/api/index_en.rst

@@ -8,3 +8,19 @@ Model Config API
     :maxdepth: 1
 
     v2/model_configs.rst
+
+Data API
+--------
+
+..  toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 1
+
+    v2/data.rst
+
+Train API
+---------
+
+..	toctree::
+	:maxdepth: 1
+
+	v2/run_logic.rst
\ No newline at end of file

doc/api/v2/data.rst

+================
+Data Related API
+================
+
+
+#########
+DataTypes
+#########
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.data_type
+    :members:
+
+##########
+DataFeeder
+##########
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.data_feeder
+    :members:
+
+######
+Reader
+######
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.reader
+    :members:
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.reader.creator
+    :members:
+
+#########
+minibatch
+#########
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.minibatch
+    :members:
+
+#######
+Dataset
+#######
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset
+    :members:
+
+
+mnist
++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.mnist
+    :members:
+
+
+cifar
++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.cifar
+    :members:
+
+conll05
++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.conll05
+    :members:
+
+imdb
+++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imdb
+    :members:
+
+imikolov
+++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imikolov
+    :members:
+
+movielens
++++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens
+    :members:
+
+sentiment
++++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.sentiment
+    :members:
+
+uci_housing
++++++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.uci_housing
+    :members:
+

doc/api/v2/model_configs.rst

+#########################
+Configuration Related API
+#########################
+
 ======
 Layers
 ======
 
 ..  automodule:: paddle.v2.layer
     :members:
+
+
+==========
+Attributes
+==========
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.attr
+	:members:
+
+===========
+Activations
+===========
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.activation
+	:members:
+
+========
+Poolings
+========
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.pooling
+	:members:
+
+========
+Networks
+========
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.networks
+	:members:
+
+==========
+Optimizers
+==========
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.optimizer
+	:members:

doc/api/v2/run_logic.rst

+###########
+Trainer API
+###########
+
+
+==========
+Parameters
+==========
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.parameters
+    :members:
+
+
+=======
+Trainer
+=======
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.trainer
+	:members:
+
+
+=====
+Event
+=====
+
+..	automodule:: paddle.v2.event
+	:members:
+
+
+=========
+Inference
+=========
+
+..	autofunction:: paddle.v2.infer
\ No newline at end of file

doc/design/reader/README.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def reader_creator_random_image(width, height):
 
 An example implementation for multiple item data reader creator:
 ```python
-def reader_creator_random_imageand_label(widht, height, label):
+def reader_creator_random_image_and_label(width, height, label):
     def reader():
         while True:
             yield numpy.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=width*height), label

paddle/gserver/gradientmachines/MultiGradientMachine.cpp

@@ -346,8 +346,10 @@ Evaluator* MultiGradientMachine::makeEvaluator() const {
 void MultiGradientMachine::eval(Evaluator* evaluator) const {
   for (auto& thread : threads_) {
     SetDevice device(thread->getDeviceId());
+    if (thread->hasInputData()) {
       thread->getGradientMachine()->eval(evaluator);
     }
+  }
 }
 
 void MultiGradientMachine::getOutArgs(std::vector<Argument>* outArgs,
@@ -356,14 +358,19 @@ void MultiGradientMachine::getOutArgs(std::vector<Argument>* outArgs,
     REGISTER_TIMER("waitOutArgs");
     thread->waitOutArgsReady();
   }
-  outArgs_.resize(threads_[0]->getOutArgs().size());
+
+  outArgs_.resize(threads_[threads_.size() - 1]->getOutArgs().size());
 
   REGISTER_TIMER("copyOutArgs");
   for (size_t i = 0; i < outArgs_.size(); ++i) {
     std::vector<Argument> args;
     args.reserve(threads_.size());
     for (auto& thread : threads_) {
-      args.push_back(thread->getOutArgs()[i]);
+      // If the thread input is empty, then the output is empty.
+      auto tmp = thread->getOutArgs();
+      if (tmp.size() > 0) {
+        args.push_back(tmp[i]);
+      }
     }
     outArgs_[i].concat(args, useGpu_, outArgStream_, passType);
   }
@@ -534,7 +541,7 @@ void TrainerThread::prefetch() {
 void TrainerThread::forward() {
   if (!inArgsCopied_) {
     REGISTER_TIMER("copyInArgs");
-    copyInArgs();
+    batchSize_ = copyInArgs();
   } else {
     inArgsCopied_ = false;
   }
@@ -564,7 +571,12 @@ void TrainerThread::forward() {
 
   {
     REGISTER_TIMER("thread_forward");
-    gradientMachine_->forward(inArgs_, &outArgs_, multiMachine_->getPassType());
+    if (batchSize_ > 0) {
+      gradientMachine_->forward(
+          inArgs_, &outArgs_, multiMachine_->getPassType());
+    } else {
+      outArgs_.clear();
+    }
   }
   outArgsReadySem_.post();
 }
@@ -574,7 +586,13 @@ void TrainerThread::backward() {
   if (multiMachine_->isPassGrad()) {
     copyOutputGrad();
   }
+  if (batchSize_ > 0) {
     gradientMachine_->backward(backwardCallback_);
+  } else {
+    for (size_t i = parameters_.size(); i > 0; i--) {
+      backwardCallback(parameters_[i - 1].get());
+    }
+  }
   if (multiMachine_->hasNonstaticCpuParamters()) {
     mergeCpuGradients();
   }
@@ -732,7 +750,7 @@ void TrainerThread::notifyValueReady(int paramId) {
   notifyValueDispatch(paramId);
 }
 
-void TrainerThread::copyInArgs() {
+int TrainerThread::copyInArgs() {
   const std::vector<Argument>& fullInArgs = multiMachine_->getInArgs();
   int numThreads = multiMachine_->getAllThreads().size();
   int32_t numSequences = fullInArgs[0].getNumSequences();
@@ -748,7 +766,7 @@ void TrainerThread::copyInArgs() {
   }
 
   if (copySize == 0) {
-    return;
+    return 0;
   }
 
   for (size_t i = 0; i < fullInArgs.size(); i++) {
@@ -758,6 +776,7 @@ void TrainerThread::copyInArgs() {
         copySize,
         FLAGS_parallel_nn ? false : multiMachine_->useGpu());
   }
+  return copySize;
 }
 
 void TrainerThread::mergeCpuGradients() {

paddle/gserver/gradientmachines/MultiGradientMachine.h

@@ -387,6 +387,9 @@ public:
   /// copy the output gradient from the main GradientMachine.
   void copyOutputGrad();
 
+  /// Whether the thread has input data.
+  bool hasInputData() { return batchSize_ != 0; }
+
 protected:
   void mergeCpuGradients();
 
@@ -407,7 +410,7 @@ protected:
   void copyGradToBufferThread();
   void gradCollectThread();
 
-  void copyInArgs();
+  int copyInArgs();
   void forward();
   void backward();
   void backwardCallback(Parameter* para);
@@ -467,6 +470,7 @@ protected:
 
   /// indicate whether inArgs is copied before forward()
   bool inArgsCopied_;
+  int batchSize_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace paddle

python/paddle/trainer/PyDataProvider2.py

@@ -45,6 +45,23 @@ class CacheType(object):
 
 
 class InputType(object):
+    """
+    InputType is the base class for paddle input types.
+
+    ..  note::
+
+        this is a base class, and should never be used by user.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of input. If the input is an integer, it means the
+                value range. Otherwise, it means the size of layer.
+    :type dim: int
+    :param seq_type: sequence type of input. 0 means it is not a sequence. 1
+                     means it is a variable length sequence. 2 means it is a
+                     nested sequence.
+    :type seq_type: int
+    :param type: data type of input.
+    :type type: int
+    """
     __slots__ = ['dim', 'seq_type', 'type']
 
     def __init__(self, dim, seq_type, tp):
@@ -54,20 +71,61 @@ class InputType(object):
 
 
 def dense_slot(dim, seq_type=SequenceType.NO_SEQUENCE):
+    """
+    Dense Vector. It means the input feature is dense float vector. For example,
+    if the input is an image with 28*28 pixels, the input of Paddle neural
+    network should be a dense vector with dimension 784.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of this vector.
+    :type dim: int
+    :param seq_type: sequence type of input.
+    :type seq_type: int
+    :return: An input type object.
+    :rtype: InputType
+    """
     return InputType(dim, seq_type, DataType.Dense)
 
 
 def sparse_non_value_slot(dim, seq_type=SequenceType.NO_SEQUENCE):
+    """
+    Sparse binary vector. It means the input feature is a sparse vector and the
+    every element in this vector is either zero or one.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of this vector.
+    :type dim: int
+    :param seq_type: sequence type of this input.
+    :type seq_type: int
+    :return: An input type object.
+    :rtype: InputType
+    """
     return InputType(dim, seq_type, DataType.SparseNonValue)
 
 
 def sparse_value_slot(dim, seq_type=SequenceType.NO_SEQUENCE):
+    """
+    Sparse vector. It means the input feature is a sparse vector. Most of the
+    elements in this vector are zero, others could be any float value.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of this vector.
+    :type dim: int
+    :param seq_type: sequence type of this input.
+    :type seq_type: int
+    :return: An input type object.
+    :rtype: InputType
+    """
     return InputType(dim, seq_type, DataType.SparseValue)
 
 
 def index_slot(value_range, seq_type=SequenceType.NO_SEQUENCE):
-    """Data type of integer.
+    """
+    Data type of integer.
+
+    :param seq_type: sequence type of this input.
+    :type seq_type: int
     :param value_range: range of this integer.
+    :type value_range: int
+    :return: An input type object
+    :rtype: InputType
     """
     return InputType(value_range, seq_type, DataType.Index)
 
@@ -76,10 +134,17 @@ dense_vector = dense_slot
 sparse_binary_vector = sparse_non_value_slot
 sparse_vector = sparse_value_slot
 integer_value = index_slot
-integer_value.__doc__ = index_slot.__doc__
 
 
 def dense_vector_sequence(dim):
+    """
+    Data type of a sequence of dense vector.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of dense vector.
+    :type dim: int
+    :return: An input type object
+    :rtype: InputType
+    """
     return dense_vector(dim, seq_type=SequenceType.SEQUENCE)
 
 
@@ -88,6 +153,15 @@ def dense_vector_sub_sequence(dim):
 
 
 def sparse_binary_vector_sequence(dim):
+    """
+    Data type of a sequence of sparse vector, which every element is either zero
+     or one.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of sparse vector.
+    :type dim: int
+    :return: An input type object
+    :rtype: InputType
+    """
     return sparse_binary_vector(dim, seq_type=SequenceType.SEQUENCE)
 
 
@@ -96,6 +170,15 @@ def sparse_binary_vector_sub_sequence(dim):
 
 
 def sparse_vector_sequence(dim):
+    """
+    Data type of a sequence of sparse vector, which most elements are zero,
+    others could be any float value.
+
+    :param dim: dimension of sparse vector.
+    :type dim: int
+    :return: An input type object
+    :rtype: InputType
+    """
     return sparse_vector(dim, seq_type=SequenceType.SEQUENCE)
 
 
@@ -104,8 +187,11 @@ def sparse_vector_sub_sequence(dim):
 
 
 def integer_value_sequence(value_range):
-    """Data type of a sequence of integer.
+    """
+    Data type of a sequence of integer.
+
     :param value_range: range of each element.
+    :type value_range: int
     """
     return integer_value(value_range, seq_type=SequenceType.SEQUENCE)
 
@@ -115,7 +201,6 @@ def integer_value_sub_sequence(dim):
 
 
 integer_sequence = integer_value_sequence
-integer_sequence.__doc__ = integer_value_sequence.__doc__
 
 
 class SingleSlotWrapper(object):

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/layer_math.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ register_unary_math_op('abs', act.AbsActivation())
 register_unary_math_op('sigmoid', act.SigmoidActivation())
 register_unary_math_op('tanh', act.TanhActivation())
 register_unary_math_op('square', act.SquareActivation())
+register_unary_math_op('relu', act.ReluActivation())
 
 
 def add(layeroutput, other):

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/layers.py

@@ -795,17 +795,16 @@ def data_layer(name, size, height=None, width=None, layer_attr=None):
 
     ..  code-block:: python
 
-        data = data_layer(name="input",
-                          size=1000)
+        data = data_layer(name="input", size=1000)
 
     :param name: Name of this data layer.
     :type name: basestring
     :param size: Size of this data layer.
     :type size: int
     :param height: Height of this data layer, used for image
-    :type size: int|None
+    :type height: int|None
     :param width: Width of this data layer, used for image
-    :type size: int|None
+    :type width: int|None
     :param layer_attr: Extra Layer Attribute.
     :type layer_attr: ExtraLayerAttribute.
     :return: LayerOutput object.

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/tests/configs/math_ops.py

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ x = layer_math.exp(x)
 x = layer_math.log(x)
 x = layer_math.abs(x)
 x = layer_math.sigmoid(x)
+x = layer_math.tanh(x)
 x = layer_math.square(x)
-x = layer_math.square(x)
+x = layer_math.relu(x)
 y = 1 + x
 y = y + 1
 y = x + y

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/tests/configs/protostr/math_ops.protostr

@@ -65,13 +65,28 @@ layers {
     }
   }
 }
+layers {
+  name: "__tanh_0__"
+  type: "mixed"
+  size: 100
+  active_type: "tanh"
+  inputs {
+    input_layer_name: "__sigmoid_0__"
+    proj_conf {
+      type: "identity"
+      name: "___tanh_0__.w0"
+      input_size: 100
+      output_size: 100
+    }
+  }
+}
 layers {
   name: "__square_0__"
   type: "mixed"
   size: 100
   active_type: "square"
   inputs {
-    input_layer_name: "__sigmoid_0__"
+    input_layer_name: "__tanh_0__"
     proj_conf {
       type: "identity"
       name: "___square_0__.w0"
@@ -81,15 +96,15 @@ layers {
   }
 }
 layers {
-  name: "__square_1__"
+  name: "__relu_0__"
   type: "mixed"
   size: 100
-  active_type: "square"
+  active_type: "relu"
   inputs {
     input_layer_name: "__square_0__"
     proj_conf {
       type: "identity"
-      name: "___square_1__.w0"
+      name: "___relu_0__.w0"
       input_size: 100
       output_size: 100
     }
@@ -101,7 +116,7 @@ layers {
   size: 100
   active_type: ""
   inputs {
-    input_layer_name: "__square_1__"
+    input_layer_name: "__relu_0__"
   }
   slope: 1.0
   intercept: 1
@@ -123,7 +138,7 @@ layers {
   size: 100
   active_type: ""
   inputs {
-    input_layer_name: "__square_1__"
+    input_layer_name: "__relu_0__"
     proj_conf {
       type: "identity"
       name: "___mixed_0__.w0"
@@ -147,7 +162,7 @@ layers {
   size: 100
   active_type: ""
   inputs {
-    input_layer_name: "__square_1__"
+    input_layer_name: "__relu_0__"
   }
   slope: -1.0
   intercept: 0.0
@@ -339,8 +354,9 @@ sub_models {
   layer_names: "__log_0__"
   layer_names: "__abs_0__"
   layer_names: "__sigmoid_0__"
+  layer_names: "__tanh_0__"
   layer_names: "__square_0__"
-  layer_names: "__square_1__"
+  layer_names: "__relu_0__"
   layer_names: "__slope_intercept_layer_0__"
   layer_names: "__slope_intercept_layer_1__"
   layer_names: "__mixed_0__"

python/paddle/v2/activation.py

@@ -12,26 +12,15 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from paddle.trainer_config_helpers.activations import *
+import paddle.trainer_config_helpers.activations
+import copy
 
-__all__ = [
-    "Base", "Tanh", "Sigmoid", "Softmax", "Identity", "Linear",
-    'SequenceSoftmax', "Exp", "Relu", "BRelu", "SoftRelu", "STanh", "Abs",
-    "Square", "Log"
-]
+__all__ = []
 
-Base = BaseActivation
-Tanh = TanhActivation
-Sigmoid = SigmoidActivation
-Softmax = SoftmaxActivation
-SequenceSoftmax = SequenceSoftmaxActivation
-Identity = IdentityActivation
-Linear = Identity
-Relu = ReluActivation
-BRelu = BReluActivation
-SoftRelu = SoftReluActivation
-STanh = STanhActivation
-Abs = AbsActivation
-Square = SquareActivation
-Exp = ExpActivation
-Log = LogActivation
+suffix = 'Activation'
+for act in paddle.trainer_config_helpers.activations.__all__:
+    new_name = act[:-len(suffix)]
+    globals()[new_name] = copy.copy(
+        getattr(paddle.trainer_config_helpers.activations, act))
+    globals()[new_name].__name__ = new_name
+    __all__.append(new_name)

python/paddle/v2/attr.py

@@ -12,12 +12,16 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from paddle.trainer_config_helpers.attrs import *
+import paddle.trainer_config_helpers.attrs
 
 __all__ = [
     "Param",
     "Extra",
 ]
 
-Param = ParameterAttribute
-Extra = ExtraLayerAttribute
+Param = paddle.trainer_config_helpers.attrs.ParameterAttribute
+Extra = paddle.trainer_config_helpers.attrs.ExtraLayerAttribute
+
+for each in paddle.trainer_config_helpers.attrs.__all__:
+    globals()[each] = getattr(paddle.trainer_config_helpers.attrs, each)
+    __all__.append(each)

python/paddle/v2/config_base.py

@@ -13,12 +13,55 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import collections
-
+import re
 from paddle.trainer_config_helpers.default_decorators import wrap_name_default
 import paddle.trainer_config_helpers as conf_helps
 
 
+class LayerType(type):
+    def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
+        method_name = attrs.get('METHOD_NAME', None)
+        if method_name is not None:
+            method = getattr(conf_helps, method_name)
+            if method.__doc__ is not None:
+                mapper = attrs.get("__map_docstr__", None)
+                if mapper is not None:
+                    attrs['__doc__'] = LayerType.__map_docstr__(
+                        mapper(method.__doc__),
+                        method_name=method_name,
+                        name=name)
+                else:
+                    attrs['__doc__'] = LayerType.__map_docstr__(
+                        method.__doc__, method_name=method_name, name=name)
+        return super(LayerType, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __map_docstr__(doc, name, method_name):
+        assert isinstance(doc, basestring)
+
+        # replace LayerOutput to paddle.v2.config_base.Layer
+        doc = doc.replace("LayerOutput", "paddle.v2.config_base.Layer")
+
+        doc = doc.replace('ParameterAttribute',
+                          'paddle.v2.attr.ParameterAttribute')
+
+        doc = re.sub(r'ExtraLayerAttribute[^\s]?',
+                     'paddle.v2.attr.ExtraAttribute', doc)
+
+        # xxx_layer to xxx
+        doc = re.sub(r"(?P<name>[a-z]+)_layer", r"\g<name>", doc)
+
+        # XxxxActivation to paddle.v2.Activation.Xxxx
+        doc = re.sub(r"(?P<name>[A-Z][a-zA-Z]+)Activation",
+                     r"paddle.v2.Activation.\g<name>", doc)
+
+        # TODO(yuyang18): Add more rules if needed.
+        return doc
+
+
 class Layer(object):
+    __metaclass__ = LayerType
+
     def __init__(self, name=None, parent_layers=None):
         assert isinstance(parent_layers, dict)
         self.name = name
@@ -80,6 +123,8 @@ def __convert_to_v2__(method_name, parent_names, is_default_name=True):
         wrapper = None
 
     class V2LayerImpl(Layer):
+        METHOD_NAME = method_name
+
         def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             parent_layers = dict()
             other_kwargs = dict()

python/paddle/v2/data_feeder.py

@@ -12,13 +12,20 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from py_paddle import swig_paddle
 from py_paddle import DataProviderConverter
-import data_type
+
+import paddle.trainer.PyDataProvider2 as pydp2
 
 __all__ = ['DataFeeder']
 
 
+def default_feeding_map(data_types):
+    reader_dict = dict()
+    for i, tp in enumerate(data_types):
+        reader_dict[tp[0]] = i
+    return reader_dict
+
+
 class DataFeeder(DataProviderConverter):
     """
     DataFeeder converts the data returned by paddle.reader into a data structure
@@ -30,6 +37,9 @@ class DataFeeder(DataProviderConverter):
     
     The example usage:
 
+
+    ..  code-block:: python
+
         data_types = [('image', paddle.data_type.dense_vector(784)),
                       ('label', paddle.data_type.integer_value(10))]
         reader_dict = {'image':0, 'label':1}
@@ -43,49 +53,51 @@ class DataFeeder(DataProviderConverter):
         #                       [ [1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0], 5, [6,7,8] ]   # second sample
         #                     ]
         arg = feeder(minibatch_data)
-    """
 
-    def __init__(self, data_types, reader_dict):
-        """
+    ..  note::
+
+        This module is for internal use only. Users should use the `reader`
+        interface.
+
+
+
     :param data_types: A list to specify data name and type. Each item is
-                           a tuple of (data_name, data_type). For example:
-                           [('image', paddle.data_type.dense_vector(784)),
-                            ('label', paddle.data_type.integer_value(10))]
+                       a tuple of (data_name, data_type).
 
-        :type data_types: A list of tuple
+    :type data_types: list
     :param reader_dict: A dictionary to specify the position of each data
                         in the input data.
-        :type reader_dict: dict()
+    :type feeding: dict
     """
+
+    def __init__(self, data_types, feeding=None):
         self.input_names = []
         input_types = []
-        self.reader_dict = reader_dict
+        if feeding is None:
+            feeding = default_feeding_map(data_types)
+
+        self.feeding = feeding
         for each in data_types:
             self.input_names.append(each[0])
-            assert isinstance(each[1], data_type.InputType)
+            if not isinstance(each[1], pydp2.InputType):
+                raise TypeError("second item in each data_type should be an "
+                                "InputType")
             input_types.append(each[1])
         DataProviderConverter.__init__(self, input_types)
 
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.input_names)
+
     def convert(self, dat, argument=None):
         """
         :param dat: A list of mini-batch data. Each sample is a list or tuple
                     one feature or multiple features.
-                    for example:
-                    [ 
-                      ([0.2, 0.2], ), # first sample
-                      ([0.8, 0.3], ), # second sample
-                    ]
-                    or,
-                    [ 
-                      [[0.2, 0.2], ], # first sample
-                      [[0.8, 0.3], ], # second sample
-                    ]
 
-        :type dat: List
+        :type dat: list
         :param argument: An Arguments object contains this mini-batch data with
                          one or multiple features. The Arguments definition is
                          in the API.
-        :type argument: swig_paddle.Arguments
+        :type argument: py_paddle.swig_paddle.Arguments
         """
 
         def reorder_data(data):
@@ -93,7 +105,7 @@ class DataFeeder(DataProviderConverter):
             for each in data:
                 reorder = []
                 for name in self.input_names:
-                    reorder.append(each[self.reader_dict[name]])
+                    reorder.append(each[self.feeding[name]])
                 retv.append(reorder)
             return retv
 

python/paddle/v2/data_type.py

@@ -12,11 +12,15 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from paddle.trainer.PyDataProvider2 import \
-    InputType, DataType, dense_vector, sparse_binary_vector,\
-    sparse_vector, integer_value, integer_value_sequence
+import paddle.trainer.PyDataProvider2 as pydp2
 
-__all__ = [
-    'InputType', 'DataType', 'dense_vector', 'sparse_binary_vector',
-    'sparse_vector', 'integer_value', 'integer_value_sequence'
+import_list = [
+    nm for nm in dir(pydp2)
+    if '_' in nm and nm[0] != '_' and ('value' in nm or 'vector' in nm)
 ]
+import_list.extend(['InputType'])
+
+for nm in import_list:
+    globals()[nm] = getattr(pydp2, nm)
+
+__all__ = import_list

python/paddle/v2/dataset/__init__.py

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+"""
+Dataset package.
+"""
 
 import mnist
 import imikolov

python/paddle/v2/dataset/cifar.py

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 """
 CIFAR dataset: https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar.html
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete the comments.
 """
 
 import cPickle

python/paddle/v2/dataset/conll05.py

@@ -16,15 +16,17 @@ import tarfile
 import gzip
 import itertools
 from common import download
-
-__all__ = ['test, get_dict', 'get_embedding']
 """
 Conll 2005 dataset.  Paddle semantic role labeling Book and demo use this
 dataset as an example. Because Conll 2005 is not free in public, the default
 downloaded URL is test set of Conll 2005 (which is public). Users can change
 URL and MD5 to their Conll dataset.
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments.
 """
 
+__all__ = ['test, get_dict', 'get_embedding']
+
 DATA_URL = 'http://www.cs.upc.edu/~srlconll/conll05st-tests.tar.gz'
 DATA_MD5 = '387719152ae52d60422c016e92a742fc'
 WORDDICT_URL = 'http://paddlepaddle.bj.bcebos.com/demo/srl_dict_and_embedding/wordDict.txt'

python/paddle/v2/dataset/imdb.py

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 """
 IMDB dataset: http://ai.stanford.edu/%7Eamaas/data/sentiment/aclImdb_v1.tar.gz
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments.
 """
 
 import paddle.v2.dataset.common

python/paddle/v2/dataset/imikolov.py

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 """
 imikolov's simple dataset: http://www.fit.vutbr.cz/~imikolov/rnnlm/
+
+Complete comments.
 """
 import paddle.v2.dataset.common
 import tarfile

python/paddle/v2/dataset/mnist.py

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 """
 MNIST dataset.
+
+This module will download dataset from http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/ and
+parse train set and test set into paddle reader creators.
 """
 import paddle.v2.dataset.common
 import subprocess
@@ -72,6 +75,15 @@ def reader_creator(image_filename, label_filename, buffer_size):
 
 
 def train():
+    """
+    MNIST train set creator.
+
+    It returns a reader creator, each sample in the reader is image pixels in
+    [0, 1] and label in [0, 9].
+
+    :return: Train reader creator
+    :rtype: callable
+    """
     return reader_creator(
         paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(TRAIN_IMAGE_URL, 'mnist',
                                           TRAIN_IMAGE_MD5),
@@ -80,6 +92,15 @@ def train():
 
 
 def test():
+    """
+    MNIST test set cretor.
+
+    It returns a reader creator, each sample in the reader is image pixels in
+    [0, 1] and label in [0, 9].
+
+    :return: Test reader creator.
+    :rtype: callable
+    """
     return reader_creator(
         paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(TEST_IMAGE_URL, 'mnist',
                                           TEST_IMAGE_MD5),

python/paddle/v2/dataset/movielens.py

@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+"""
+Movielens 1-M dataset.
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments.
+"""
 
 import zipfile
 from common import download
@@ -18,7 +23,12 @@ import re
 import random
 import functools
 
-__all__ = ['train_creator', 'test_creator']
+__all__ = [
+    'train', 'test', 'get_movie_title_dict', 'max_movie_id', 'max_user_id',
+    'age_table', 'movie_categories', 'max_job_id', 'user_info', 'movie_info'
+]
+
+age_table = [1, 18, 25, 35, 45, 50, 56]
 
 
 class MovieInfo(object):
@@ -33,17 +43,32 @@ class MovieInfo(object):
             [MOVIE_TITLE_DICT[w.lower()] for w in self.title.split()]
         ]
 
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "<MovieInfo id(%d), title(%s), categories(%s)>" % (
+            self.index, self.title, self.categories)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__str__()
+
 
 class UserInfo(object):
     def __init__(self, index, gender, age, job_id):
         self.index = int(index)
         self.is_male = gender == 'M'
-        self.age = [1, 18, 25, 35, 45, 50, 56].index(int(age))
+        self.age = age_table.index(int(age))
         self.job_id = int(job_id)
 
     def value(self):
         return [self.index, 0 if self.is_male else 1, self.age, self.job_id]
 
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "<UserInfo id(%d), gender(%s), age(%d), job(%d)>" % (
+            self.index, "M"
+            if self.is_male else "F", age_table[self.age], self.job_id)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+
 
 MOVIE_INFO = None
 MOVIE_TITLE_DICT = None
@@ -54,7 +79,8 @@ USER_INFO = None
 def __initialize_meta_info__():
     fn = download(
         url='http://files.grouplens.org/datasets/movielens/ml-1m.zip',
-        md5='c4d9eecfca2ab87c1945afe126590906')
+        module_name='movielens',
+        md5sum='c4d9eecfca2ab87c1945afe126590906')
     global MOVIE_INFO
     if MOVIE_INFO is None:
         pattern = re.compile(r'^(.*)\((\d+)\)$')
@@ -117,14 +143,63 @@ def __reader_creator__(**kwargs):
     return lambda: __reader__(**kwargs)
 
 
-train_creator = functools.partial(__reader_creator__, is_test=False)
-test_creator = functools.partial(__reader_creator__, is_test=True)
+train = functools.partial(__reader_creator__, is_test=False)
+test = functools.partial(__reader_creator__, is_test=True)
+
+
+def get_movie_title_dict():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return MOVIE_TITLE_DICT
+
+
+def __max_index_info__(a, b):
+    if a.index > b.index:
+        return a
+    else:
+        return b
+
+
+def max_movie_id():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return reduce(__max_index_info__, MOVIE_INFO.viewvalues()).index
+
+
+def max_user_id():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return reduce(__max_index_info__, USER_INFO.viewvalues()).index
+
+
+def __max_job_id_impl__(a, b):
+    if a.job_id > b.job_id:
+        return a
+    else:
+        return b
+
+
+def max_job_id():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return reduce(__max_job_id_impl__, USER_INFO.viewvalues()).job_id
+
+
+def movie_categories():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return CATEGORIES_DICT
+
+
+def user_info():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return USER_INFO
+
+
+def movie_info():
+    __initialize_meta_info__()
+    return MOVIE_INFO
 
 
 def unittest():
-    for train_count, _ in enumerate(train_creator()()):
+    for train_count, _ in enumerate(train()()):
         pass
-    for test_count, _ in enumerate(test_creator()()):
+    for test_count, _ in enumerate(test()()):
         pass
 
     print train_count, test_count

python/paddle/v2/dataset/sentiment.py

@@ -15,18 +15,19 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 """
-The script fetch and preprocess movie_reviews data set
+The script fetch and preprocess movie_reviews data set that provided by NLTK
 
-that provided by NLTK
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete dataset.
 """
 
-import common
 import collections
-import nltk
-import numpy as np
 from itertools import chain
+
+import nltk
 from nltk.corpus import movie_reviews
 
+import common
+
 __all__ = ['train', 'test', 'get_word_dict']
 NUM_TRAINING_INSTANCES = 1600
 NUM_TOTAL_INSTANCES = 2000

python/paddle/v2/dataset/uci_housing.py

@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+"""
+UCI Housing dataset.
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments.
+"""
 
 import numpy as np
 import os

python/paddle/v2/dataset/wmt14.py

@@ -14,129 +14,92 @@
 """
 wmt14 dataset
 """
-import paddle.v2.dataset.common
 import tarfile
-import os.path
-import itertools
+
+import paddle.v2.dataset.common
 
 __all__ = ['train', 'test', 'build_dict']
 
 URL_DEV_TEST = 'http://www-lium.univ-lemans.fr/~schwenk/cslm_joint_paper/data/dev+test.tgz'
 MD5_DEV_TEST = '7d7897317ddd8ba0ae5c5fa7248d3ff5'
-URL_TRAIN = 'http://localhost:8000/train.tgz'
-MD5_TRAIN = '72de99da2830ea5a3a2c4eb36092bbc7'
-
-
-def word_count(f, word_freq=None):
-    add = paddle.v2.dataset.common.dict_add
-    if word_freq == None:
-        word_freq = {}
-
-    for l in f:
-        for w in l.strip().split():
-            add(word_freq, w)
-        add(word_freq, '<s>')
-        add(word_freq, '<e>')
-
-    return word_freq
-
-
-def get_word_dix(word_freq):
-    TYPO_FREQ = 50
-    word_freq = filter(lambda x: x[1] > TYPO_FREQ, word_freq.items())
-    word_freq_sorted = sorted(word_freq, key=lambda x: (-x[1], x[0]))
-    words, _ = list(zip(*word_freq_sorted))
-    word_idx = dict(zip(words, xrange(len(words))))
-    word_idx['<unk>'] = len(words)
-    return word_idx
-
-
-def get_word_freq(train, dev):
-    word_freq = word_count(train, word_count(dev))
-    if '<unk>' in word_freq:
-        # remove <unk> for now, since we will set it as last index
-        del word_freq['<unk>']
-    return word_freq
-
-
-def build_dict():
-    base_dir = './wmt14-data'
-    train_en_filename = base_dir + '/train/train.en'
-    train_fr_filename = base_dir + '/train/train.fr'
-    dev_en_filename = base_dir + '/dev/ntst1213.en'
-    dev_fr_filename = base_dir + '/dev/ntst1213.fr'
-
-    if not os.path.exists(train_en_filename) or not os.path.exists(
-            train_fr_filename):
-        with tarfile.open(
-                paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL_TRAIN, 'wmt14',
-                                                  MD5_TRAIN)) as tf:
-            tf.extractall(base_dir)
-
-    if not os.path.exists(dev_en_filename) or not os.path.exists(
-            dev_fr_filename):
-        with tarfile.open(
-                paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL_DEV_TEST, 'wmt14',
-                                                  MD5_DEV_TEST)) as tf:
-            tf.extractall(base_dir)
-
-    f_en = open(train_en_filename)
-    f_fr = open(train_fr_filename)
-    f_en_dev = open(dev_en_filename)
-    f_fr_dev = open(dev_fr_filename)
-
-    word_freq_en = get_word_freq(f_en, f_en_dev)
-    word_freq_fr = get_word_freq(f_fr, f_fr_dev)
-
-    f_en.close()
-    f_fr.close()
-    f_en_dev.close()
-    f_fr_dev.close()
-
-    return get_word_dix(word_freq_en), get_word_dix(word_freq_fr)
+# this is a small set of data for test. The original data is too large and will be add later.
+URL_TRAIN = 'http://paddlepaddle.bj.bcebos.com/demo/wmt_shrinked_data/wmt14.tgz'
+MD5_TRAIN = 'a755315dd01c2c35bde29a744ede23a6'
+
+START = "<s>"
+END = "<e>"
+UNK = "<unk>"
+UNK_IDX = 2
+
+
+def __read_to_dict__(tar_file, dict_size):
+    def __to_dict__(fd, size):
+        out_dict = dict()
+        for line_count, line in enumerate(fd):
+            if line_count < size:
+                out_dict[line.strip()] = line_count
+            else:
+                break
+        return out_dict
+
+    with tarfile.open(tar_file, mode='r') as f:
+        names = [
+            each_item.name for each_item in f
+            if each_item.name.endswith("src.dict")
+        ]
+        assert len(names) == 1
+        src_dict = __to_dict__(f.extractfile(names[0]), dict_size)
+        names = [
+            each_item.name for each_item in f
+            if each_item.name.endswith("trg.dict")
+        ]
+        assert len(names) == 1
+        trg_dict = __to_dict__(f.extractfile(names[0]), dict_size)
+        return src_dict, trg_dict
 
 
-def reader_creator(directory, path_en, path_fr, URL, MD5, dict_en, dict_fr):
+def reader_creator(tar_file, file_name, dict_size):
     def reader():
-        if not os.path.exists(path_en) or not os.path.exists(path_fr):
-            with tarfile.open(
-                    paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL, 'wmt14', MD5)) as tf:
-                tf.extractall(directory)
-
-        f_en = open(path_en)
-        f_fr = open(path_fr)
-        UNK_en = dict_en['<unk>']
-        UNK_fr = dict_fr['<unk>']
-
-        for en, fr in itertools.izip(f_en, f_fr):
-            src_ids = [dict_en.get(w, UNK_en) for w in en.strip().split()]
-            tar_ids = [
-                dict_fr.get(w, UNK_fr)
-                for w in ['<s>'] + fr.strip().split() + ['<e>']
+        src_dict, trg_dict = __read_to_dict__(tar_file, dict_size)
+        with tarfile.open(tar_file, mode='r') as f:
+            names = [
+                each_item.name for each_item in f
+                if each_item.name.endswith(file_name)
+            ]
+            for name in names:
+                for line in f.extractfile(name):
+                    line_split = line.strip().split('\t')
+                    if len(line_split) != 2:
+                        continue
+                    src_seq = line_split[0]  # one source sequence
+                    src_words = src_seq.split()
+                    src_ids = [
+                        src_dict.get(w, UNK_IDX)
+                        for w in [START] + src_words + [END]
                     ]
 
+                    trg_seq = line_split[1]  # one target sequence
+                    trg_words = trg_seq.split()
+                    trg_ids = [trg_dict.get(w, UNK_IDX) for w in trg_words]
+
                     # remove sequence whose length > 80 in training mode
-            if len(src_ids) == 0 or len(tar_ids) <= 1 or len(
-                    src_ids) > 80 or len(tar_ids) > 80:
+                    if len(src_ids) > 80 or len(trg_ids) > 80:
                         continue
+                    trg_ids_next = trg_ids + [trg_dict[END]]
+                    trg_ids = [trg_dict[START]] + trg_ids
 
-            yield src_ids, tar_ids[:-1], tar_ids[1:]
-
-        f_en.close()
-        f_fr.close()
+                    yield src_ids, trg_ids, trg_ids_next
 
     return reader
 
 
-def train(dict_en, dict_fr):
-    directory = './wmt14-data'
-    return reader_creator(directory, directory + '/train/train.en',
-                          directory + '/train/train.fr', URL_TRAIN, MD5_TRAIN,
-                          dict_en, dict_fr)
+def train(dict_size):
+    return reader_creator(
+        paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL_TRAIN, 'wmt14', MD5_TRAIN),
+        'train/train', dict_size)
 
 
-def test(dict_en, dict_fr):
-    directory = './wmt14-data'
-    return reader_creator(directory, directory + '/dev/ntst1213.en',
-                          directory + '/dev/ntst1213.fr', URL_DEV_TEST,
-                          MD5_DEV_TEST, dict_en, dict_fr)
+def test(dict_size):
+    return reader_creator(
+        paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL_TRAIN, 'wmt14', MD5_TRAIN),
+        'test/test', dict_size)

python/paddle/v2/event.py

@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ class WithMetric(object):
 
 
 class TestResult(WithMetric):
+    """
+    Result that trainer.test return.
+    """
+
     def __init__(self, evaluator, cost):
         super(TestResult, self).__init__(evaluator)
         self.cost = cost

python/paddle/v2/inference.py

+import numpy
 import py_paddle.swig_paddle as api
-
+import collections
 import topology
+import minibatch
 from data_feeder import DataFeeder
-import itertools
-import numpy
 
 __all__ = ['infer']
 
@@ -21,10 +21,33 @@ class Inference(object):
         self.__gradient_machine__ = gm
         self.__data_types__ = topo.data_type()
 
-    def iter_infer(self, reader, reader_dict=None):
-        if reader_dict is None:
-            reader_dict = self.default_reader_dict()
-        feeder = DataFeeder(self.__data_types__, reader_dict)
+    def iter_infer(self, input=None, batch_size=None, reader=None,
+                   feeding=None):
+        feeder = DataFeeder(self.__data_types__, feeding)
+        if reader is None:
+            assert input is not None and isinstance(input, collections.Iterable)
+            if not isinstance(input, collections.Iterable):
+                raise TypeError("When reader is None, input should be whole "
+                                "inference data and should be iterable")
+
+            if batch_size is None:
+                if not hasattr(input, '__len__'):
+                    raise ValueError("Should set batch size when input data "
+                                     "don't contain length.")
+                batch_size = len(input)
+
+            def __reader_impl__():
+                for each_sample in input:
+                    if len(feeder) == 1:
+                        yield [each_sample]
+                    else:
+                        yield each_sample
+
+            reader = minibatch.batch(__reader_impl__, batch_size=batch_size)
+        else:
+            if input is not None:
+                raise ValueError("User should set either input or reader, "
+                                 "should not set them both.")
         self.__gradient_machine__.start()
         for data_batch in reader():
             yield self.__gradient_machine__.forwardTest(feeder(data_batch))
@@ -47,13 +70,53 @@ class Inference(object):
         else:
             return retv
 
-    def default_reader_dict(self):
-        reader_dict = dict()
-        for i, tp in enumerate(self.__data_types__):
-            reader_dict[tp[0]] = i
-        return reader_dict
 
+def infer(output,
+          parameters,
+          input=None,
+          batch_size=None,
+          reader=None,
+          feeding=None,
+          field='value'):
+    """
+    Infer a neural network by given neural network output and parameters.  The
+    user should pass either a batch of input data or reader method.
+
+    Example usages:
+
+    ..  code-block:: python
+
+        result = paddle.infer(prediction, parameters, input=SomeData,
+                              batch_size=32)
+        print result
+
+    :param output: output of the neural network that would be inferred
+    :type output: paddle.v2.config_base.Layer
+    :param parameters: parameters of the neural network.
+    :type parameters: paddle.v2.parameters.Parameters
+    :param input: input data batch. Should be a python iterable object, and each
+                  element is the data batch.
+    :type input: collections.Iterable
+    :param batch_size: the batch size when perform inference. Default is the
+                       length of input.
+    :type batch_size: int
+    :param reader: input data reader creator in batch. If this field is set, the
+                   `input` and `batch_size` will be ignored.
+    :type reader: callable
+    :param feeding: Reader dictionary. Default could generate from input
+                        value.
+    :param field: The prediction field. It should in [`value`, `ids`]. `value`
+                  means return the prediction probabilities, `ids` means return
+                  the prediction labels. Default is `value`
+    :type field: str
+    :return: a numpy array
+    :rtype: numpy.ndarray
+    """
 
-def infer(output, parameters, reader, reader_dict=None, field='value'):
     inferer = Inference(output=output, parameters=parameters)
-    return inferer.infer(field=field, reader=reader, reader_dict=reader_dict)
+    return inferer.infer(
+        field=field,
+        input=input,
+        batch_size=batch_size,
+        reader=reader,
+        feeding=feeding)

python/paddle/v2/layer.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ The primary usage shows below.
                                  act=paddle.activation.Softmax())
 
     # use prediction instance where needed.
-    parameters = paddle.v2.parameters.create(cost)
+    parameters = paddle.parameters.create(cost)
 """
 
 import collections
@@ -47,26 +47,32 @@ from paddle.trainer.config_parser import \
     RecurrentLayerGroupEnd, model_type
 
 import activation
+import re
 import data_type
 
 __all__ = ['parse_network', 'data']
 
-__projection_names__ = filter(lambda x: x.endswith('_projection'),
-                              dir(conf_helps))
-__all__ += __projection_names__
-
-__operator_names__ = filter(lambda x: x.endswith('_operator'), dir(conf_helps))
-__all__ += __operator_names__
-
 
 def parse_network(*outputs):
     """
-    parse all output layers and then generate a model config proto.
-    :param outputs:
-    :return:
+    Parse all output layers and then generate a ModelConfig object.
+
+    ..  note::
+
+        This function is used internally in paddle.v2 module. User should never
+        invoke this method.
+
+    :param outputs: Output layers.
+    :type outputs: Layer
+    :return: A ModelConfig object instance.
+    :rtype: ModelConfig
     """
 
     def __real_func__():
+        """
+        __real_func__ is the function that config_parser.parse invoked. It is
+        the plain old paddle configuration function.
+        """
         context = dict()
         real_output = [each.to_proto(context=context) for each in outputs]
         conf_helps.outputs(real_output)
@@ -81,6 +87,8 @@ So we also need to implement some special LayerV2.
 
 
 class DataLayerV2(Layer):
+    METHOD_NAME = 'data_layer'
+
     def __init__(self, name, type, **kwargs):
         assert isinstance(type, data_type.InputType)
 
@@ -99,6 +107,17 @@ class DataLayerV2(Layer):
             args[each] = self.__kwargs__[each]
         return getattr(conf_helps, self.__method_name__)(name=self.name, **args)
 
+    def __map_docstr__(doc):
+        doc = re.sub(r'(data = [^\)]+)\).*',
+                     "data = paddle.layer.data(name=\"input\", "
+                     "type=paddle.data_type.dense_vector(1000))", doc)
+
+        doc = re.sub(r':param size:.*',
+                     ':param type: Data type of this data layer', doc)
+        doc = re.sub(r':type size:.*',
+                     ":type size: paddle.v2.data_type.InputType", doc)
+        return doc
+
 
 class WithExtraParent(Layer):
     def extra_parent(self):
@@ -347,6 +366,7 @@ class RecurrentLayerOutput(Layer):
 
 LayerV2 = Layer
 data = DataLayerV2
+data.__name__ = 'data'
 AggregateLevel = conf_helps.layers.AggregateLevel
 ExpandLevel = conf_helps.layers.ExpandLevel
 memory = MemoryV2
@@ -386,6 +406,7 @@ def __convert_layer__(_new_name_, _old_name_, _parent_names_):
     global __all__
     __all__.append(_new_name_)
     globals()[new_name] = __convert_to_v2__(_old_name_, _parent_names_)
+    globals()[new_name].__name__ = new_name
 
 
 for each_layer_name in dir(conf_helps):
@@ -399,21 +420,6 @@ del parent_names
 del new_name
 del each_layer_name
 
-# convert projection
-for prj in __projection_names__:
-    globals()[prj] = __convert_to_v2__(
-        prj, parent_names=['input'], is_default_name=False)
-
-# convert operator
-operator_list = [
-    # [V1_method_name, parent_names],
-    ['dotmul_operator', ['a', 'b']],
-    ['conv_operator', ['img', 'filter']]
-]
-for op in operator_list:
-    globals()[op[0]] = __convert_to_v2__(
-        op[0], parent_names=op[1], is_default_name=False)
-
 
 @wrap_name_default()
 def recurrent_group(step, input, name=None):
@@ -464,3 +470,29 @@ def recurrent_group(step, input, name=None):
         return retv[0]
     else:
         return retv
+
+
+__projection_names__ = filter(lambda x: x.endswith('_projection'),
+                              dir(conf_helps))
+
+__all__ += __projection_names__
+
+__operator_names__ = filter(lambda x: x.endswith('_operator'), dir(conf_helps))
+__all__ += __operator_names__
+
+# convert projection
+for prj in __projection_names__:
+    globals()[prj] = __convert_to_v2__(
+        prj, parent_names=['input'], is_default_name=False)
+    globals()[prj].__name__ = prj
+
+# convert operator
+operator_list = [
+    # [V1_method_name, parent_names],
+    ['dotmul_operator', ['a', 'b']],
+    ['conv_operator', ['img', 'filter']]
+]
+for op in operator_list:
+    globals()[op[0]] = __convert_to_v2__(
+        op[0], parent_names=op[1], is_default_name=False)
+    globals()[op[0]].__name__ = op[0]

python/paddle/v2/minibatch.py

@@ -12,24 +12,30 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+__all__ = ['batch']
+
 
 def batch(reader, batch_size):
     """
-    Create a batch reader.
+    Create a batched reader.
+
     :param reader: the data reader to read from.
-    :param batch_size: batch_size
-    :return: the batch reader.
+    :type reader: callable
+    :param batch_size: size of each mini-batch
+    :type batch_size: int
+    :return: the batched reader.
+    :rtype: callable
     """
 
     def batch_reader():
         r = reader()
-        batch = []
+        b = []
         for instance in r:
-            batch.append(instance)
-            if len(batch) == batch_size:
-                yield batch
-                batch = []
-        if batch:
-            yield batch
+            b.append(instance)
+            if len(b) == batch_size:
+                yield b
+                b = []
+        if b:
+            yield b
 
     return batch_reader

python/paddle/v2/networks.py

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ def __initialize__():
             parent_names=parents,
             is_default_name='name' in argspec.args)
         globals()[each_subnetwork] = v2_subnet
+        globals()[each_subnetwork].__name__ = each_subnetwork
         global __all__
         __all__.append(each_subnetwork)
 

python/paddle/v2/optimizer.py

 import py_paddle.swig_paddle as swig_api
-import paddle.trainer_config_helpers.optimizers as v1_optimizers
+
 import paddle.trainer_config_helpers.config_parser_utils as config_parser_utils
-import paddle.v2
+import paddle.trainer_config_helpers.optimizers as v1_optimizers
+"""
+Optimizers(update equation) for SGD method.
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments.
+"""
 
 __all__ = [
     'Momentum', 'Adam', 'Adamax', 'AdaGrad', 'DecayedAdaGrad', 'AdaDelta',
@@ -44,7 +49,7 @@ class Optimizer(object):
 class Momentum(Optimizer):
     def __init__(self, momentum=None, sparse=False, **kwargs):
         learning_method = v1_optimizers.MomentumOptimizer(
-            momentum=None, sparse=False)
+            momentum=momentum, sparse=sparse)
         super(Momentum, self).__init__(
             learning_method=learning_method, **kwargs)
 

python/paddle/v2/parameters.py

 import numpy as np
 import py_paddle.swig_paddle as api
 from paddle.proto.ParameterConfig_pb2 import ParameterConfig
-
+import struct
+import tarfile
+import cStringIO
 from topology import Topology
 
 __all__ = ['Parameters', 'create']
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ __all__ = ['Parameters', 'create']
 def create(layers):
     """
     Create parameter pool by topology.
+
     :param layers:
     :return:
     """
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@ class Parameters(object):
     def keys(self):
         """
         keys are the names of each parameter.
+
         :return: list of parameter name
         :rtype: list
         """
@@ -75,6 +79,7 @@ class Parameters(object):
     def names(self):
         """
         names of each parameter.
+
         :return: list of parameter name
         :rtype: list
         """
@@ -83,6 +88,7 @@ class Parameters(object):
     def has_key(self, key):
         """
         has_key return true if there are such parameter name == key
+
         :param key: Parameter name
         :type key: basestring
         :return: True if contains such key
@@ -118,6 +124,12 @@ class Parameters(object):
 
         if len(self.__gradient_machines__) == 0:
             # create new parameter in python numpy.
+            if len(self.__tmp_params__) != 0:
+                ret_list = [
+                    mat for name, mat in self.__tmp_params__ if name == key
+                ]
+                if len(ret_list) == 1:
+                    return ret_list[0]
             return np.ndarray(shape=shape, dtype=np.float32)
         else:
             for each_gradient_machine in self.__gradient_machines__:
@@ -136,6 +148,7 @@ class Parameters(object):
     def get_shape(self, key):
         """
         get shape of the parameter.
+
         :param key: parameter name
         :type key: basestring
         :return: parameter's shape
@@ -190,6 +203,7 @@ class Parameters(object):
     def set(self, parameter_name, value):
         """
         Set parameter by parameter name & matrix.
+
         :param parameter_name: parameter name
         :type parameter_name: basestring
         :param value: parameter matrix
@@ -222,6 +236,67 @@ class Parameters(object):
 
         self.__gradient_machines__.append(gradient_machine)
 
+    def serialize(self, name, f):
+        """
+
+        :param name:
+        :param f:
+        :type f: file
+        :return:
+        """
+        param = self.get(name)
+        size = reduce(lambda a, b: a * b, param.shape)
+        f.write(struct.pack("IIQ", 0, 4, size))
+        param = param.astype(np.float32)
+        f.write(param.tobytes())
+
+    def deserialize(self, name, f):
+        """
+
+        :param name:
+        :param f:
+        :type f: file
+        :return:
+        """
+        f.read(16)  # header
+        arr = np.frombuffer(f.read(), dtype=np.float32)
+        self.set(name, arr.reshape(self.get_shape(name)))
+
+    def to_tar(self, f):
+        tar = tarfile.TarFile(fileobj=f, mode='w')
+        for nm in self.names():
+            buf = cStringIO.StringIO()
+            self.serialize(nm, buf)
+            tarinfo = tarfile.TarInfo(name=nm)
+            buf.seek(0)
+            tarinfo.size = len(buf.getvalue())
+            tar.addfile(tarinfo, buf)
+
+            conf = self.__param_conf__[nm]
+            confStr = conf.SerializeToString()
+            tarinfo = tarfile.TarInfo(name="%s.protobuf" % nm)
+            tarinfo.size = len(confStr)
+            buf = cStringIO.StringIO(confStr)
+            buf.seek(0)
+            tar.addfile(tarinfo, fileobj=buf)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_tar(f):
+        params = Parameters()
+        tar = tarfile.TarFile(fileobj=f, mode='r')
+        for finfo in tar:
+            assert isinstance(finfo, tarfile.TarInfo)
+            if finfo.name.endswith('.protobuf'):
+                f = tar.extractfile(finfo)
+                conf = ParameterConfig()
+                conf.ParseFromString(f.read())
+                params.__append_config__(conf)
+
+        for param_name in params.names():
+            f = tar.extractfile(param_name)
+            params.deserialize(param_name, f)
+        return params
+
 
 def __get_parameter_in_gradient_machine__(gradient_machine, name):
     """

python/paddle/v2/pooling.py

@@ -12,13 +12,15 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from paddle.trainer_config_helpers.poolings import *
+import paddle.trainer_config_helpers.poolings
+import copy
 
-__all__ = ["Max", "CudnnMax", "Avg", "CudnnAvg", "Sum", "SquareRootN"]
+__all__ = []
+suffix = 'Pooling'
 
-Max = MaxPooling
-CudnnMax = CudnnMaxPooling
-Avg = AvgPooling
-CudnnAvg = CudnnAvgPooling
-Sum = SumPooling
-SquareRootN = SquareRootNPooling
+for name in paddle.trainer_config_helpers.poolings.__all__:
+    new_name = name[:-len(suffix)]
+    globals()[new_name] = copy.copy(
+        getattr(paddle.trainer_config_helpers.poolings, name))
+    globals()[new_name].__name__ = new_name
+    __all__.append(new_name)

python/paddle/v2/reader/__init__.py

@@ -11,15 +11,64 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+"""
+At training and testing time, PaddlePaddle programs need to read data. To ease
+the users' work to write data reading code, we define that
 
-# It would be too lengthy to require our users to prefix decorators with `decorator`.
-# For example, we want the following line
-#
-#     r = paddle.reader.decorator.bufferd(paddle.reader.creator.text("hello.txt"))
-#
-# to be a shorter version:
-#
-#     r = paddle.reader.buffered(paddle.reader.creator.text("hello.txt"))
+- A *reader* is a function that reads data (from file, network, random number
+  generator, etc) and yields data items.
+- A *reader creator* is a function that returns a reader function.
+- A *reader decorator* is a function, which accepts one or more readers, and
+  returns a reader.
+- A *batch reader* is a function that reads data (from *reader*, file, network,
+  random number generator, etc) and yields a batch of data items.
+
+#####################
+Data Reader Interface
+#####################
+
+Indeed, *data reader* doesn't have to be a function that reads and yields data
+items. It can be any function with no parameter that creates a iterable
+(anything can be used in :code:`for x in iterable`)\:
+
+..  code-block:: python
+
+    iterable = data_reader()
+
+Element produced from the iterable should be a **single** entry of data,
+**not** a mini batch. That entry of data could be a single item, or a tuple of
+items.
+Item should be of `supported type <http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/ui/data_provider
+/pydataprovider2.html?highlight=dense_vector#input-types>`_ (e.g., numpy 1d
+array of float32, int, list of int)
+
+An example implementation for single item data reader creator:
+
+..  code-block:: python
+
+    def reader_creator_random_image(width, height):
+        def reader():
+            while True:
+                yield numpy.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=width*height)
+    return reader
+
+An example implementation for multiple item data reader creator:
+
+..  code-block:: python
+
+    def reader_creator_random_image_and_label(width, height, label):
+        def reader():
+            while True:
+                yield numpy.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=width*height), label
+    return reader
+
+
+TODO(yuyang18): Should we add whole design doc here?
+"""
+
+import decorator
 from decorator import *
 
 import creator
+
+__all__ = decorator.__all__ + ['creator']

python/paddle/v2/reader/creator.py

@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+"""
+Creator package contains some simple reader creator, which could be used in user
+program.
+"""
 
 __all__ = ['np_array', 'text_file']
 
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ def np_array(x):
 def text_file(path):
     """
     Creates a data reader that outputs text line by line from given text file.
-    Trailing new line ('\n') of each line will be removed.
+    Trailing new line ('\\\\n') of each line will be removed.
 
     :path: path of the text file.
     :returns: data reader of text file

python/paddle/v2/reader/decorator.py

@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@ def map_readers(func, *readers):
     Creates a data reader that outputs return value of function using
     output of each data readers as arguments.
 
-    :param func: function to use.
-    :param *readers: readers whose outputs will be used as arguments of func.
-    :returns: the created data reader.
+    :param func: function to use. The type of func should be (Sample) => Sample
+    :type: callable
+    :param readers: readers whose outputs will be used as arguments of func.
+    :return: the created data reader.
+    :rtype: callable
     """
 
     def reader():
@@ -45,16 +47,19 @@ def map_readers(func, *readers):
 
 def shuffle(reader, buf_size):
     """
-    Creates a data reader whose data output is suffled.
+    Creates a data reader whose data output is shuffled.
 
     Output from the iterator that created by original reader will be
     buffered into shuffle buffer, and then shuffled. The size of shuffle buffer
     is determined by argument buf_size.
 
     :param reader: the original reader whose output will be shuffled.
+    :type reader: callable
     :param buf_size: shuffle buffer size.
+    :type buf_size: int
 
-    :returns:the new reader whose output is shuffled.
+    :return: the new reader whose output is shuffled.
+    :rtype: callable
     """
 
     def data_reader():
@@ -88,7 +93,8 @@ def chain(*readers):
     [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2]
 
     :param readers: input readers.
-    :returns: the new data reader.
+    :return: the new data reader.
+    :rtype: callable
     """
 
     def reader():
@@ -115,12 +121,13 @@ def compose(*readers, **kwargs):
     The composed reader will output:
     (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
 
-    :*readers: readers that will be composed together.
-    :check_alignment: if True, will check if input readers are aligned
+    :param readers: readers that will be composed together.
+    :param check_alignment: if True, will check if input readers are aligned
         correctly. If False, will not check alignment and trailing outputs
         will be discarded. Defaults to True.
+    :type check_alignment: bool
 
-    :returns: the new data reader.
+    :return: the new data reader.
 
     :raises ComposeNotAligned: outputs of readers are not aligned.
         Will not raise when check_alignment is set to False.
@@ -161,7 +168,9 @@ def buffered(reader, size):
     as the buffer is not empty.
     
     :param reader: the data reader to read from.
+    :type reader: callable
     :param size: max buffer size.
+    :type size: int
     
     :returns: the buffered data reader.
     """
@@ -196,6 +205,13 @@ def buffered(reader, size):
 def firstn(reader, n):
     """
     Limit the max number of samples that reader could return.
+
+    :param reader: the data reader to read from.
+    :type reader: callable
+    :param n: the max number of samples that return.
+    :type n: int
+    :return: the decorated reader.
+    :rtype: callable
     """
 
     # TODO(yuyang18): Check if just drop the reader, could clean the opened

python/paddle/v2/tests/run_tests.sh

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ cd $SCRIPTPATH
 
 $1 -m pip install ../../../../paddle/dist/*.whl
 
-test_list="test_data_feeder.py"
+test_list="test_data_feeder.py test_parameters.py"
 
 export PYTHONPATH=$PWD/../../../../python/
 

python/paddle/v2/tests/test_parameters.py

+import unittest
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import py_paddle
+
+    del py_paddle
+except ImportError:
+    print >> sys.stderr, "It seems swig of Paddle is not installed, this " \
+                         "unittest will not be run."
+    sys.exit(0)
+
+import paddle.v2.parameters as parameters
+from paddle.proto.ParameterConfig_pb2 import ParameterConfig
+import random
+import cStringIO
+import numpy
+
+
+def __rand_param_config__(name):
+    conf = ParameterConfig()
+    conf.name = name
+    size = 1
+    for i in xrange(2):
+        dim = random.randint(1, 1000)
+        conf.dims.append(dim)
+        size *= dim
+    conf.size = size
+    assert conf.IsInitialized()
+    return conf
+
+
+class TestParameters(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_serialization(self):
+        params = parameters.Parameters()
+        params.__append_config__(__rand_param_config__("param_0"))
+        params.__append_config__(__rand_param_config__("param_1"))
+
+        for name in params.names():
+            param = params.get(name)
+            param[:] = numpy.random.uniform(
+                -1.0, 1.0, size=params.get_shape(name))
+            params.set(name, param)
+
+        tmp_file = cStringIO.StringIO()
+        params.to_tar(tmp_file)
+        tmp_file.seek(0)
+        params_dup = parameters.Parameters.from_tar(tmp_file)
+
+        self.assertEqual(params_dup.names(), params.names())
+
+        for name in params.names():
+            self.assertEqual(params.get_shape(name), params_dup.get_shape(name))
+            p0 = params.get(name)
+            p1 = params_dup.get(name)
+            self.assertTrue(numpy.isclose(p0, p1).all())
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

python/paddle/v2/tests/test_topology.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import paddle.v2.layer as layer
 import paddle.v2.topology as topology
 import paddle.v2.data_type as data_type
 import paddle.trainer_config_helpers as conf_helps
+import paddle.trainer.PyDataProvider2 as pydp2
 
 
 class TestTopology(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -35,13 +36,13 @@ class TestTopology(unittest.TestCase):
         pixel_data_type = filter(lambda type: type[0] == "pixel", data_types)
         self.assertEqual(len(pixel_data_type), 1)
         pixel_data_type = pixel_data_type[0]
-        self.assertEqual(pixel_data_type[1].type, data_type.DataType.Dense)
+        self.assertEqual(pixel_data_type[1].type, pydp2.DataType.Dense)
         self.assertEqual(pixel_data_type[1].dim, 784)
 
         label_data_type = filter(lambda type: type[0] == "label", data_types)
         self.assertEqual(len(label_data_type), 1)
         label_data_type = label_data_type[0]
-        self.assertEqual(label_data_type[1].type, data_type.DataType.Index)
+        self.assertEqual(label_data_type[1].type, pydp2.DataType.Index)
         self.assertEqual(label_data_type[1].dim, 10)
 
     def test_get_layer(self):

python/paddle/v2/trainer.py

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ from . import optimizer as v2_optimizer
 from . import parameters as v2_parameters
 
 __all__ = ['SGD']
+"""
+Trainer package
+TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments.
+"""
 
 
 def default_event_handler(event):
@@ -22,15 +26,21 @@ def default_event_handler(event):
     pass
 
 
-class SGD():
-    def __init__(self, cost, parameters, update_equation):
+class SGD(object):
     """
     Simple SGD Trainer.
+    TODO(yuyang18): Complete comments
 
     :param update_equation: The optimizer object.
-        :type update_equation: v2_optimizer.Optimizer
+    :type update_equation: paddle.v2.optimizer.Optimizer
+    :param cost: Target cost that neural network should be optimized.
+    :type cost: paddle.v2.config_base.Layer
+    :param parameters: The parameters dictionary.
+    :type parameters: paddle.v2.parameters.Parameters
     """
 
+    def __init__(self, cost, parameters, update_equation):
+
         if not isinstance(parameters, v2_parameters.Parameters):
             raise TypeError('parameters should be parameters')
 
@@ -47,29 +57,26 @@ class SGD():
             self.__topology_in_proto__, api.CREATE_MODE_NORMAL,
             self.__optimizer__.enable_types())
         assert isinstance(gm, api.GradientMachine)
-        parameters.append_gradient_machine(gm)
         self.__gradient_machine__ = gm
         self.__gradient_machine__.randParameters()
+        parameters.append_gradient_machine(gm)
 
-    def train(self, reader, num_passes=1, event_handler=None, reader_dict=None):
+    def train(self, reader, num_passes=1, event_handler=None, feeding=None):
         """
         Training method. Will train num_passes of input data.
 
         :param reader:
-        :param topology: Network Topology, use one or more Layers to represent it.
-        :param parameters: The parameter pools.
         :param num_passes: The total train passes.
         :param event_handler: Event handler. A method will be invoked when event
                               occurred.
         :type event_handler: (BaseEvent) => None
+        :param feeding: Feeding is a map of neural network input name and array
+                        index that reader returns.
+        :type feeding: dict
         :return:
         """
         if event_handler is None:
             event_handler = default_event_handler
-
-        if reader_dict is None:
-            reader_dict = self.default_reader_dict()
-
         __check_train_args__(**locals())
 
         updater = self.__optimizer__.create_local_updater()
@@ -81,9 +88,7 @@ class SGD():
         pass_evaluator = self.__gradient_machine__.makeEvaluator()
         assert isinstance(pass_evaluator, api.Evaluator)
         out_args = api.Arguments.createArguments(0)
-
-        feeder = DataFeeder(self.__data_types__, reader_dict)
-
+        feeder = DataFeeder(self.__data_types__, feeding)
         for pass_id in xrange(num_passes):
             event_handler(v2_event.BeginPass(pass_id))
             pass_evaluator.start()
@@ -101,7 +106,7 @@ class SGD():
                 for each_param in self.__gradient_machine__.getNonStaticParameters(
                 ):
                     updater.update(each_param)
-                cost_sum = out_args.sumCosts()
+                cost_sum = out_args.sum()
                 cost = cost_sum / len(data_batch)
                 updater.finishBatch(cost)
                 batch_evaluator.finish()
@@ -117,17 +122,8 @@ class SGD():
             event_handler(v2_event.EndPass(pass_id, evaluator=pass_evaluator))
         self.__gradient_machine__.finish()
 
-    def default_reader_dict(self):
-        reader_dict = dict()
-        for i, tp in enumerate(self.__data_types__):
-            reader_dict[tp[0]] = i
-        return reader_dict
-
-    def test(self, reader, reader_dict=None):
-        if reader_dict is None:
-            reader_dict = self.default_reader_dict()
-
-        feeder = DataFeeder(self.__data_types__, reader_dict)
+    def test(self, reader, feeding=None):
+        feeder = DataFeeder(self.__data_types__, feeding)
         evaluator = self.__gradient_machine__.makeEvaluator()
         out_args = api.Arguments.createArguments(0)
         evaluator.start()
@@ -137,7 +133,7 @@ class SGD():
             num_samples += len(data_batch)
             self.__gradient_machine__.forward(
                 feeder(data_batch), out_args, api.PASS_TEST)
-            total_cost += out_args.sumCosts()
+            total_cost += out_args.sum()
             self.__gradient_machine__.eval(evaluator)
 
         evaluator.finish()